维多利亚时期文学课件

EnglishLiterature—VictorianPeriod

成员：刘薇罗若晨伍昕宇蔡乔伊EnglishLiterature—Victorian1TheVictorianPeriod（1836-1901）IntroductionoftheVictorianPeriodCriticalRealism（批判现实主义）Neo-Romanticism（新浪漫主义）Aestheticism（唯美主义）TheVictorianPeriod（1836-19012IntroductionoftheVictorianPeriodTheearlyVictorianPeriod(1832--1854),thetimeoftroublesTheReformBill&ChartismMid

VictorianPeriod(1855—1879),atimeofeconomicprospering,highestpointofdevelopmentasaworldpowerLastPeriod(1880—1902),atimecharacterizedbydecayofVictorianvalues(e.g.Self-control,familyloyalty,thrift,hardwork,etc)ChartistMovement(1836-1848)IntroductionoftheVictorian3

CriticalRealisminthe1840sandtheearly1850sgivingthecriticismtobourgeoisieandallrulingclasses,andshowingtheirdeepsympathyforthecommonpeopledidnotfindawaytoeradicatesocialevils.unabletofindagoodsolutiontothesocialcontradictionsthechieftendencyintheirworksisnotofrevolutionbutratherofreformism.CriticalRealisminthe1840s4PoetsandPoetry1.excelledatpenningshortlyrics:"InthevalleyofCauteretz","Break,break,break","TheChargeoftheLightBrigade","Tears,idletears"and"CrossingtheBar".

2.Muchofhisversewasbasedonclassicalmythologicalthemes3.Tennysonalsowrotesomenotableblankverse:"Idylls

oftheKing","Ulysses",and"Tithonus".4.Duringhiscareer,Tennysonattempteddrama,buthisplaysenjoyedlittlesuccessinhislifetime.AlfredTennyson(1809–1892)PoetsandPoetry1.excelledat5

Ulysses（尤利西斯）Hereliestheport;thevesselpuffshersail海港就在那边，船儿已经扬帆，Theregloomthedarkbroadseas.Mymariners大海沉沉，朦胧一片。我的水手们——Soulsthathavetoil'd,andwrought,andthoughtwithme—与我同辛劳、同工作、同思想的人Thateverwithafrolicwelcometook他们总是高高兴兴去迎接Thethunderandthesunshine,andopposed雷电和阳光，Freehearts,freeforeheads—youandIareold;并用自由的心与头颅来抗争，——Oldagehathyethishonourandhistoil;你们和我都已老了，但老年Deathclosesall:butsomethingeretheend,仍有老年的荣誉、老年的辛劳；Someworkofnoblenote,mayyetbedone,死亡终结一切，但在终点前NotunbecomingmenthatstrovewithGods.我们还能做一番崇高的事业，使我们配称为与神斗争的人Ulysses（尤利西斯）Hereliesthepo6NovelistsandNovelseaknessofcriticalrealism.CharlesDickens(1812-1870)1.HeisoneofthegreatestcriticalrealistwritersoftheVictorianAge2.Hisworksareintendedtoexposeandcriticizeallthepoverty,injustice,hypocrisyandcorruptnessofthe19th-centuryEngland,particularlyLondon.3.

Allhisworksarecharacterizedbyaminglingofhumorandpathos

majorworks

ATaleofTwoCities《双城记》DavidCopperfield《大卫·科波菲尔》DombeyandSon《董贝父子》GreatExpectations《远大前程》OliverTwist《雾都孤儿》HardTimes《艰难时世》TheOldCuriosityShop《老古玩店》PickwickPapers《匹克威克外传》NovelistsandNovelseaknessof7ATaleofTwoCitiesItwasthebestoftimes,itwastheworstoftimes,itwastheageofwisdom,itwastheageoffoolishness...TaketheFrenchRevolutionasthebackgroundDickensrecognizedthatthearrivalofrevolutionarythoughtisinevitable;butwhentherevolutioncomes,bringsmanyhorriblesituationsandbloodyscenes,heturnedagainsttherevolution.Dickens'sattitudefromtheoriginalrevolutiontolaterdenyrecognitiontoformagreatcontrast,butthereisaconsistentstandard:thatisopposedtoviolenceandkillingofinnocentATaleofTwoCitiesDickensre8GreatExpectationsdepictingPip'seducationanddevelopmentthroughadversityashediscoversthetruenatureofhis'greatexpectations'.loyaltyandconsciencearemoreimportantthansocialadvancement,wealthandclass.greatexpectationnotmeansmoney,luxuriouslifeprovidedbyothers.

Itmaybethefurtherstudy,arespectabledegree,agoodjoborsomethingelse.Butwemustknowthatourfutureandgreatexpectationmustbemasteredbyourown.GreatExpectationsdepictingPi9NovelistsandNovelseaknessofcriticalrealism.ThomasHardy（1840-1928）1.Heisagreatpoetandagreatcriticalandnaturalisticnovelist2.HealsocametoquestionandattackVictorianmorals.3.Hisnovelsrevealaprofoundpessimisticsenseofhumansubjectiontofateandcircumstance4.MostofhisnovelsaresetinWessex,afictionalprimitiveregion.Theseworksareknownas“novelsofcharacterandenvironment.”

majorworks

TessoftheD’urbervilles《德伯家的苔丝》TheReturnoftheNative《还乡》JudetheObscure《无名的裘德》FarfromtheMaddingCrowd《远离尘嚣》TheMayorofCasterbridge《卡斯特桥市长》Dynasties《列王》NovelistsandNovelseaknessof10NovelistsandNovelseaknessofcriticalrealism.JosephConrad1.Hisexperienceasasailormadetheseahisfavoritetheme.2.HisworksareconcernedwiththenatureandeffectsofEuropeanimperialism,botheconomicandcolonial.

majorworksHeartsofDarkness《黑暗的心灵》LordJim《吉姆爷》NovelistsandNovelseaknessof11NovelistsandNovelseaknessofcriticalrealism.WilliamMakepeaceThackerayHeisoneofthemostimportantwritersoftheEnglishcriticalrealism.

majorworks

VanityFair《名利场》NovelistsandNovelseaknessof12NovelistsandNovelseaknessofcriticalrealism.TheBronteSisters1.Charlotte1816-1855JaneEyre《简爱》2.Emily1718-1849WutheringHeights《呼啸山庄》3.Anne1820-1849AgnesGrey《阿格尼斯·格雷》Dynasties《列王》NovelistsandNovelseaknessof13NovelistsandNovelseaknessofcriticalrealism.JaneAusten1.oneofthegreatrealisticnovelistsinEnglishliteratureinthe19thcentury2.Sheinsistedthatahappymarriageshouldbebasedontruelove.3.Herwritingstyleispeculiarandherthoughtisexceedinglyspecial.1：《理性与感性》（SenseandSensibility)2：《傲慢与偏见》（PrideandPrejudice）3：《曼斯菲尔德庄园》（MansfieldPark）4：《爱玛》（Emma）5：《诺桑觉寺》（NorthangerAbbey）NovelistsandNovelseaknessof14PrideandPrejudiceInPrideandPrejudice,Austendescribedfourkindsofmarriages.Andeverymarriageisareflectionofsociallifeandculturebackground.Inaddition,onherpoint-view,peopleinhertimescould'ttakenonoticeofcharacterinmarriage.Tobehonest,truelovecandefinitelylayasolidfoundationinpeople'marriage.Butotherfactors,suchas,propertyandsocialstatusshouldbetakenintoconsideration.Itisafactthatquiteafewmodernpeopleholddifferentviewsagainsthers.Theyaremoreandmorerealist.PrideandPrejudiceInPridean15NovelistsandNovelseaknessofcriticalrealism.GeorgeEliot（1819-1880）1.Herprofoundthinkingandcomplexrepresentationoflifewonherthename"philosophicalwriter”.2.Refutesexualdiscrimination3.Revealthehumancondition4.ExploretheinteriorlifeofhumanbeingsandstudiedtheimpactoftheenvironmentontheindividualTheMillontheFloss《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》SilasMarner《织工马南传》Middlemarch《米德尔马契》NovelistsandNovelseaknessof16Neo-Romanticismtheendof19thcenturydissatisfiedwiththeuglysocialreality,somewritersledthenovelsbacktowardstoryte