全新版大学英语（第二版）综合教程课件

BR_mainListeningandAnsweringtheQuestions

HistoryofEnglishWinstonChurchillJuliusCaesarVikingNormanWilliamCaxtonOttoJespersenRenaissance哪贿瘦酷挖钡裕族造察背把唬咀入颓冉癸仅蜂莆果寿嘘舱前叭捉捐据豁锄全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7BR_mainListeningandAnswerBR_HistoryofEnglish

HistoryofEnglish

TherootofEnglishThedevelopmentofModernEnglish20thCenturyEnglish亢动袭捐沥动檄苍糯填荫楞般域设兄纫秘滑继婪磅兑丙唬座憎靡姨掸盒脆全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7BR_HistoryofEnglishHistoBR_WinstonChurchillWinstonChurchillABriefintroductiontoWinstonChurchillChronologyofWinstonChurchillAVideoClipaboutWinstonChurchill关藕商喝臃儡严磐述勤雾殊丙田追扶戳手祖柬握脆鸟四脏缆孕郧震贯腿淋全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7BR_WinstonChurchillWinstonYes.Forexample,themeaningof“yourhouseburnsup”isthesameasthatof“yourhouseburnsdown”,or“youfillinaform”isthesameas“youfilloutaform”.BR_ListenandAnswertheQuestions11.Whatisthepassageabout?ListenandAnswertheQuestionsDirections:Listentotherecordingtwoorthreetimesandthenthinkoverthefollowingquestions.Englishisagreatlanguage,butitisalsoacrazylanguage.2.CanyougiveoneortwoexamplestoillustratethemessinessoftheEnglishlanguage?顽衍播伞纷宝浇匹拷顾阮贴乃季垃秘荷附泡判屈泅酒霜笼风赁啮濒篡屠铅全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7Yes.Forexample,themeaning3.Areyousureofalltheidiomaticusagesmentionedintherecordedpassage?Someofthemoreconfusingusagesareexplainedhere:1)shipbytruck/sendcargobyship:shipcanbeeitheraverboranoun.Thefirst“ship”means“send”,thesecondone“alargeboat”.2)nosesthatrun/feetthatsmells:BR_ListenandAnswertheQuestions2Thisreferstowhatpeopleusuallysay“havearunningnose”(流鼻涕),

“havesmellyfeet”(臭脚).

谊测威此糙利柞绽乘疙歪个弹黄喜团言笑挽肉绦恶舱闺攀厦祁贡飘咆虽沈全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit73.Areyousureofalltheidi3)aslim/fatchance:aremotepossibility4)awiseguy:apersonwhopretendstobemuchwiserthanhe/shereallyis;aderogatorytermawiseman:areallywiseperson;acommendatoryterm5)overlook:failtoseeornotice,paynoattentiontooversee:control(work,workmen)BR_ListenandAnswertheQuestions3樱凳掉腔岩吹穆邑招衣缆小驾觅孩褒医注狸瘦研磨獭蚀机什壹乱腑聪傀憋全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit73)aslim/fatchance:aremote6)hot/coldashell:extremelyhot/cold7)burnup:catchfireandflareupburndown:bedestroyedbyfire8)fillinaform/filloutaform:synonymous9)gooff:startanaction,usuallyaccompaniedbyagreatnoisegoon:continuedoingsomethingBR_ListenandAnswertheQuestions4皱疯翟症壁撵撅给喇拭眯茵山忧宴篙债椒屑脏窥舱珠宵额邀颧捞勇达收坊全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit76)hot/coldashell:extremel10)whenstarsareout:whenstarsappearintheskywhenlightsareout:whenlightsareturnedoff11)windupawatch:tightenthespringofawatchwindupaspeech:endaspeechBR_ListenandAnswertheQuestions5谷材病耀挛瘪悍赂挠烤舀话截浇秽伎护窒贱豹凌乓诀慢昨滦壕漂吊碧苏验全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit710)whenstarsareout:whenBR_TherootofEnglish1TherootofEnglishEnglishbeganasawestGermaniclanguagewhichwasbroughttoEnglandbytheSaxonsaround400A.D.OldEnglishwasthespokenandwrittenlanguageofEnglandbetween400and1100A.D.ManywordsusedtodaycomefromOldEnglish,includingman,woman,king,mother,

etc.ButOldEnglishwasverydifferentfrommodernEnglishandonlyafewwordscanbeeasilyrecognized.Inthe9thand10thcenturies,whenVikingsinvadedEngland,OldNorsewords,e.g.sky,takeandgetandmanyplacenames,enteredthelanguage.役勤席窿攘褂芝意钢钮钢砍槛米庞羚篮偿安遵地凄匪揪脏楞唬徒蛊惑蜀哩全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7BR_TherootofEnglish1TheFromtheNormanConquest(1066)untilthelate12th.centuryEnglishwasreplacedastheofficiallanguagebyNormanFrench,thoughEnglishwasstillusedbythelowerclasses.Englishfromabout1300to1500isknownasMiddleEnglish.ItwasinfluencedbyFrenchandalsoLatininvocabularyandpronunciation.Frenchbroughtmanywordsconnectedwithgovernment,e.g.sovereign,royal,

court,legal

andgovernmentitself.LatinwasthelanguageofreligionandlearningandgavetoEnglishwordssuchasminister,angel,master,schoolandgrammar.LiteraturebeganagaintobewritteninEnglishduringthisperiod.OneofthemostfamousMiddleEnglishworksisChaucer’sTheCanterburyTalesBR_TherootofEnglish2默敬筐矾训孽验痪缀冀卷抵烟谢拾厚冕呢商咽涡杰现耸鸯墨隋裸阻诀滨绵全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7FromtheNormanConquest(1066ModernEnglishdevelopedfromtheMiddleEnglishdialectoftheEastMidlandsandwasinfluencedbytheEnglishusedinLondon,whereaprintingpresswassetupbyWilliamCaxtonin1476.Englishchangedagreatdealfromthistimeuntiltheendofthe18thcentury.DuringtheRenaissance,manywordswereintroducedfromGreekandLatintoexpressnewideas,especiallyinscience,medicineandphilosophy.Theyincludedphysics,species,architecture,

encyclopediaandhypothesis.Inthe16thcenturyseveralversionsoftheBiblehelpedbringwrittenEnglishtoordinarypeople.TheElizabethanperiodisalsofamousforitsdrama,andShakespeare’splayswereseenbymanypeople.ThedevelopmentofModernEnglishBR_ThedevelopmentofModernEnglish1

诌喇衡恃麦篷滦虾蚊榴僧疯疙蕊出荔斑尸涤矾怠孰纲瓜癌颠萝表眠允筹烙全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7ModernEnglishdevelopeThedevelopmentofprintinghelpedestablishstandardsofspellingandgrammar,butthereremainedalotofvariation.SamuelJohnson’sADictionaryoftheEnglish

Language(1755)wasthefirstauthoritativetreatmentofEnglish.Itdefinedabout40,000wordsandgaveexamplesoftheiruse.Bythe18thcenturyAmericanEnglishwasestablishedanddevelopingindependentlyfromBritishEnglish.AftercolonistsarrivedintheUSnewwordsbegantobeaddedfromNativeAmericanlanguages,andfromFrenchandSpanish.In1783,soonafterJohnson’sdictionarywaspublished,NoahWebster’sTheElementarySpellingBookBR_ThedevelopmentofModernEnglish2螺央燕捶坊梯媚欺偏选捂琅神晌孺步谦颊嗡柿嘱帽耘姜唇育叭襄固洱避墒全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7ThedevelopmentofprinwaspublishedintheUS.AtfirstitusedJohnson’sspellings,butlatereditionscontainedmanyofwhathavecometobeknownasAmericanspellings,e.g.harborandfavorite.BR_ThedevelopmentofModernEnglish3蜂嵌积宰没耀砰先道寄胳阐蚂旧宰馏砧竭椒刷罪褒撂嚷篡嚼核拍哨挝认术全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7waspublishedintheUS.AtfiDuringthe19thandearly20thcenturiesmanydictionariesandbooksaboutlanguagewerepublished.NewwordsarestillbeingaddedtoEnglishfromotherlanguages,includingChinese(fengshui)andJapanese(karaoke).Existingwordsgainnewsenses,andnewexpressionsspreadquicklythroughtelevisionandtheInternet.Englishisnowaninternationallanguageandisusedasameansofcommunicationbetweenpeoplefrommanycountries.AsaresulttheinfluencesontheEnglishlanguagearewiderthaneveranditispossiblethatWorldEnglishwillmoveawayfromusingaBritishorAmericanstandardandestablishitsowninternationalidentity.20thCenturyEnglishBR_20thCenturyEnglish

瑶蛾拉臭杉苛烯宁贰技供韧更颁么肯斧邓活拯潘他泊窃抽悔纺疏锯扑疵郎全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7Duringthe19thandearAsapolitician,WinstonChurchillisrememberedasoneofBritain’sgreateststatesmen.HewasthesonoftheConservativepoliticianLordRandolphChurchillandhisAmericanwifeJennie.AsayoungmanheservedasasoldierinIndiaandEgypt,andasajournalistinSouthAfrica,beforeenteringpolitics.ChurchillbecamePrimeMinisterandMinisterofDefencein1940.HisradiospeechesduringWorldWarIIgavetheBritishpeopleastrongdeterminationtowinthewar,especiallyattimesofgreatcrisis.ExamplesofChurchill’sphrasesstilloftenquotedtodayare“Ihavenothingtoofferbutblood,toil,tearsandsweat”,and“Thiswastheirfinesthour”.

ABriefintroductiontoWinstonChurchillBR_ABriefintroductiontoWinstonChurchill1

贼掂支堂擦坞窟馈客摄躁拣履池合野惫脖出洽谗棚锐俱恢草外默腔肛转粗全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7Asapolitician,WinstoTheConservativePartyledbyChurchilllosttheelectionof1945,buthebecamePrimeMinisteragainfrom1951to1955whenheretired,aged80.WhenhediedinJan1965hewasgivenastatefuneral.BR_ABriefintroductiontoWinstonChurchill2

秘苇鹊瘴于绳雇官澳会恋亮矽请恕丙悬剑炊揣勺维惭营糙欺猩岛肚窟拳象全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7TheConservativePartyledbyChronologyofWinstonChurchillNovember30,1874October1,1911April30,1915

November6,1924BornWinstonLeonardSpencerChurchillatBlenheimPalace,Woodstock,nearOxford.AppointedFirstLordoftheAdmiraltyinLiberalgovernment.FailureoftheDardanellesExpedition,inWorldWarI,ledtohisresignationasFirstLordoftheAdmiralty.BaldwinnamedhimChancelloroftheExchequer.BR_ChronologyofWinstonChurchill1

青饭荡藐憾瘪戮欢蚕通燎杜穴意疑列象排杰竹措阶炕酗诞痊夸卤撵隶届震全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7ChronologyofWinstonChurchilMay10,1940July1945April24,1953December10,1953January24,1965Appointedtoheadwartimecoalitiongovernment.Lostgeneralelection.KnightedbyQueenElizabethII.AwardedNobelprizeforliteratureinrecognitionof“historicalworksandbiographiesaswellashisbrilliantspeeches.”DiedinLondon;givenastatefuneral;buriedinthechurchyardatBladon,nearBlenheim.BR_ChronologyofWinstonChurchill2

嫌沧萧尤聂周沧霸氦沏锌揣撩矣各木倚酗阜卜钩刃晚殆象辖沟彼痢登奥纲全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7May10,1940July1945April24Directions:Watchthisvideoclipandanswerthefollowingquestions.AVideoClipaboutWinstonChurchill

1.Whatdoyoulearnfromtheclip?2.WhatdoyouthinkofWinstonChurchill?BR_AVideoClip1巨握伪饯挚纶藤稼壶涂兜草寐来侈隔住旦痹钝沛仅吻皖擞旦弱廉黔橙苇志全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7Directions:WatchthisvideocBR_AVideoClip2醋摄露其苇锨盈应茸脑沫花啤啮妈仪息胁危咎灼酵搐股孩斜惹宵徽邓剔骸全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7BR_AVideoClip2醋摄露其苇锨盈应茸脑沫花JuliusCaesar(100-44BC)JuliusCaesarwasthebest-knownofalltheancientRomanleaders,andthefirstonetolandinBritainwithanarmy.Hedidthistwice,in55and54BC,althoughBritaindidnotbecomepartoftheRomanEmpireuntilnearlyahundredyearslater.BR_JuliusCaesar

慌沈解回甫譬徐紫唯适粥夏癸拥遇涂独蜂滥吃偷衷砚断芹溯组壁歉尚楔叹全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7JuliusCaesar(100-44BC)easternEngland,andtheDanishkingCanuteruledEnglandfrom1016.TheVikingswerefearedasviolentandcruel,buttheywerealsonotedfortheirskillinbuildingshipsandassailors.TheyhadanimportantinfluenceonEnglishVikingVikingwasamemberofapeoplefromScandinaviawhoattackedpartsofnorthernandwesternEurope,includingBritainandIreland,inthe8thto11thcenturies.InBritaintheywerealsoknownasNorsemen.TheysettledontheScottishislandsandinareasofcultureandtheEnglishlanguage.BR_Viking几胀歉茨转替谭乓逝筛釜搅回弹椭娃霓关吴永目婶淳勇态讶了扯载贰贷缮全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7easternEngland,andtheDanis

Norman

NormanreferstoanyofthepeoplefromNormandyinnorthernFrancewhosettledinEnglandaftertheirleaderWilliamdefeatedtheEnglishkingattheBattleofHastingsin1066.TheNormanstookcontrolofthecountry,aprocessknownastheNormanConquest.TheyusedmanyoftheBR_Norman1睛功苞吸媒昔率裹岁邻途弗啤时聂赣实磨筹借抉债檀瓮降剂膜衰也摹蛔沦全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7NormanNormanreferstexistingAnglo-Saxonmethodsofgovernmentofthestateandthechurch,butaddedimportantaspectsoftheirownandmadegovernmentmuchmoreeffective.ThelanguageofgovernmentbecamefirstLatin,andthenNormanFrench,andthiscausedmanynewwordstobeaddedtotheexistingEnglishlanguage.BR_Norman2车阜猿玉玲跪喀铰钩鸭邱败耐孵嚼藐坷参仔漂剿燥项孰询熄筒岸缸趟剥弄全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7existingAnglo-SaxonmethodsoWilliamCaxton(c.1422~1491)WilliamCaxtonwasthemanwhosetupthefirstprintingfirminBritain.Heprintedhisfirstbookin1474.ByprintingbooksinEnglish,Caxtonhadastronginfluenceonthespellinganddevelopmentofthelanguage.wereFrenchstorieswhichhetranslatedhimself.BR_WilliamCaxton

竿忙榜锯舌脂直裔衅脖破贝碱磺歇独枕删节淆熄璃铬唬停少樟澎梁筒弃釉全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7WilliamCaxton(c.1422~1491)OttoJespersen(1860~1943)BR_OttoJespersen

OttoJespersenwasaDanishphilologist,grammarian,andeducationist.Hepromotedtheuseofthe“directmethod”inlanguageteachingwiththepublicationofhistheoreticalworkHowtoTeachaForeign

Language(1904).Otherbooksincludehisseven-volumeModernEnglishGrammar(1909~1949).跑樊朴匠权客蛀啄殴岁略孔侯莹亿里阁抛坍鲁耸榜支淹涣删华滁冠义屎浸全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7OttoJespersen(1860~1943)BR_Renaissance

BR_Renaissance1收憨狼似衔尝庞沙啄涎知篇现姜烘湃础菲乡豺煞烹皑零总透骂爸鞍获操单全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7RenaissanceBR_Renaissance1收BR_Renaissance2TheRenaissanceemergedinnorthernItalyinthe1300swhen,notcontentwiththeabstractandhighlysubjectivethinkingoftheMiddleAges,scholarsturnedforinspirationtotheancientGreeksandRomanswiththeirloveofearthlylife.ItalianarchitectsrediscoveredancientconstructiontechniquesandincorporatedGreekandRomancolumns,arches,anddomesintotheirpublicbuildings.Insteadoftheflat,stifffiguresoftheMiddleAges,Renaissanceartistsportrayedrounded,flesh-and-bloodpeople,peoplefilledwithemotions.Todepicttheworldtheylivedinrealistically,Renaissanceartistsdevelopedlinearperspective,whichcreatesona锗杂椒蓝进义畦淬弟促缀只棕寇麓啸次铱肤炬貉杂旨胺藏躺乱鞭疼配验袭全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7BR_Renaissance2TheRenaissanflatsurface

theillusionof

depth.Renaissancescholarsexploredtheirworldthroughmathematics,science,andengineering.ProbablythemostfamouspeopleoftheRenaissancetimesareLeonardodaVinciandMichelangelo.Bythe1500stheRenaissancehadspreadtoSpainandthecountriesofnorthernEurope,wherepeoplesoughttoblendtheintenseinterestinhumanaffairswithspiritualideals.BR_Renaissance3淀醛躁鸥耗嘉壳尖犬岂妹亲脸仍捷有丸喇述交蔡订刚壕拣斥各疏梗抒伏咱全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7flatsurfacetheillusionofdGR_mainPartDivisionoftheText

FurtherUnderstanding

毕南悬皿情汛听繁涣越扬字凉僧跑猜刺龋讲迄芬萎殊塌师榔卯洗明仓嚼禁全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7GR_mainPartDivisionoftheGR_FurtherUnderstandingPairDiscussion

English–theSeaofLanguage

QuestionsandAnswersFurtherUnderstanding韵粹朱摔芹攒颁膀瓢黍存屡抨匈蝇够滴吾歼惊酌掂传恍可夹纷直辨侗专邓全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7GR_FurtherUnderstandingPaiGR_PartDivisionoftheText1PartDivisionoftheTextPartsPara(s).MainIdeas11~324~16MassiveborrowingfromotherlanguagesisamajorfeatureoftheEnglishlanguage.TellsaboutthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguagefromtheIndo-EuropeanparentlanguagetomodernEnglish. 众哄舟摹糕中紊校桑家卜洗课噬纬蹲釜伪声烩灭艰港邱钧饵柒绣啸轿吱耿全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7GR_PartDivisionoftheTeGR_PartDivisionoftheText2PartsMainIdeas317~19Tolerance,loveoffreedom,andrespectfortherightsofothers—thesequalitiesintheEnglish-speakingpeopleexplaintherichnessoftheirlanguage.Para(s).窘韧荫雌柞技暂予属绅功范楚赤锑姑毕金棍程耍久脱樱琼谓婚方茨狂紊司全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7GR_PartDivisionoftheTePairDiscussionDirections:Lookatthepicturebelow.Answerthesequestionswithapartner.WhataredifferencesbetweenEnglishandFrenchinborrowingforeignwords?EnglishhasavocabularyofaboutonemillionwordswhileFrenchhasonlyabout75,000words.EnglishhasborrowedalotofwordsfromotherlanguageswhileFrenchhasn’t.AndtheFrenchgovernmenteventriestobanwordsfromEnglish.GR_PairDiscussion1

妙污氨便谢希肝眶占瓜懦混崔暂很穿朴饶陷棘信喻弟歧书昔推臣批牧号敛全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7PairDiscussionDirections:Lo2.WhatcanweinferfromtheinventionofaFrenchword“balladeer”?Inborrowingforeignwords,Englishpeopleareopen-mindedwhileFrenchpeopleareconservative.GR_PairDiscussion2WeknowthereasonwhyEnglishhasbecomethefirsttrulygloballanguage.3.Howdidtheword“Walkman”comeintobeing?TheJapaneseputtwosimpleEnglishwordstogethertonametheirproduct.封逻誉郴赚睡济释朝滋业警戮茵蝶焉这蜕鄂肄讼淤眺桩护含窥晋浇分蹈叮全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit72.WhatcanweinferfromtheEnglish–theSeaofLanguageeyeangelskyroyalkinglycapsulewaterthermometerhabitual

mahjongOldEnglishVikingsFrenchChineseLatinChristianityGreekGR_English–theSeaofLanguage

桓纲榷淮焕忻肩猎解譬体饼倦丑私纳襟酵棠纽庭薛蝶韶肄故帅荚傅癸等凝全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7English–theSeaofLanguageQuestionsandAnswers1.WhoisOttoJespersen?HeisaDanishscholar.2.AccordingtoOttoJespersen,whatisthecauseforEnglishtobecomewhatitis?It’stheresultofthegreatrespectersofthelibertiesofeachindividual.3.WhatisEnglishlanguageintheauthor’sopinion?Englishisthetongueofcommonman.GR_QuestionsandAnswers

心彼聋样断睫狱哑缎哎钵秃脐何碘跃篷硅毡鄂屑撼踢史匡受捞枣社虞肆型全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7QuestionsandAnswers1.WhoiThestoryofourEnglishlanguageistypicallyoneofmassivestealingfromotherlanguages.ThatiswhyEnglishtodayhasanestimatedvocabularyofoveronemillionwords,whileothermajorlanguageshavefarfewer.French,forexample,hasonlyabout75,000words,andthatincludesEnglishexpressionslikesnackbarandhitparade.TheFrench,however,donotlikeborrowingforeignwordsbecausetheythinkitcorruptstheirlanguage.ThegovernmenttriestobanwordsfromEnglishanddeclaresthatWalkmanisnotdesirable;sotheyinventaword,balladeur,whichFrenchkidsaresupposedtosayinstead—buttheydon’t.DR_Text1THEGLORIOUSMESSINESSOFENGLISHRobertMacNeil寇糜掷捧姓渝汝喝镁固袖痴呢勺谋呆灌煌辱钮尤疼朔乒骆肃裔蛇砒懊他寇全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7ThestoryofourEnglishlanguWalkmanisfascinatingbecauseitisn’tevenEnglish.Strictlyspeaking,itwasinventedbytheJapanesemanufacturerswhoputtwosimpleEnglishwordstogethertonametheirproduct.Thatdoesn’tbotherus,butit

doesbothertheFrench.SuchisthegloriousmessinessofEnglish.Thathappytolerance,thatwillingnesstoacceptwordsfromanywhere,explainstherichnessofEnglishandwhyithasbecome,toaveryrealextent,thefirsttrulygloballanguage.DR_Text2荤桐识刘柯纬噶搞笼蹭盗放泻汞辱旭哦县丧烟嘴竭没竿烬赁使谤屏慌坠价全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7WalkmanisfascinatingbecauseHowdidthelanguageofasmallislandoffthecoastofEuropebecomethelanguageoftheplanet—morewidelyspokenandwrittenthananyotherhaseverbeen?ThehistoryofEnglishispresentinthefirstwordsachildlearns

aboutidentity(I,me,you);possession(mine,yours);thebody(eye,nose,mouth);size(tall,short);andnecessities(food,water).ThesewordsallcomefromOldEnglishorAnglo-SaxonEnglish,thecoreofourlanguage.Usuallyshortanddirect,thesearewordswestillusetodayforthethingsthatreallymattertous.GreatspeakersoftenuseOldEnglishtoarouseouremotions.碰牲栖称囤图耙匝查雄蒋富葛焙问裸棋抵啥糟裕膜佩栅灵降箩荒搪武褥摄全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7HowdidthelanguageofasmalVirtuallyeveryoneofthosewordscamefromOldEnglish,exceptthelast—surrender,whichcamefromNormanFrench.Churchillcouldhavesaid,“Weshallnevergivein,”butitisoneofthelovely—andpowerful—opportunitiesofEnglishthatawritercanmix,foreffect,differentwordsfromdifferentbackgrounds.Yetthereissomethingdirecttotheheartthatspeakstousfromtheearliestwordsinourlanguage.Forexample,duringWorldWarII,WinstonChurchillmadethisspeech,stirringthecourageofhispeopleagainstHitler’sarmiespositionedtocrosstheEnglishChannel:“Weshallfightonthebeaches,weshallfightonthelandinggrounds,weshallfightinthefieldsandinthestreets,weshallfightinthehills.Weshallneversurrender.”丹突览宇要探砂瓮轧妖锤跪伶一虏椽快酉综色酉久铸陀冉汹总酋向堰沦踞全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7VirtuallyeveryoneofthosewTwocenturiesagoanEnglishjudgeinIndianoticedthatseveralwordsinSanskritcloselyresembledsomewordsinGreekandLatin.Asystematicstudyrevealedthatmanymodernlanguagesdescendedfromacommonparentlanguage,losttousbecausenothingwaswrittendown.WhenJuliusCaesarinvadedBritainin55B.C.,Englishdidnotexist.TheCelts,whoinhabitedtheland,spokelanguagesthatsurvivetodaymainlyasWelsh.Wherethoselanguagescamefromisstillamystery,butthereisatheory.棕震汗酶句驰芋运袄税鞠淬羹态悬驶颠玖濒毫姓构汽镑峙虱沾枷玫珊坡僚全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7TwocenturiesagoanEnglishjIdentifyingsimilarwords,linguistshavecomeupwithwhattheycallanIndo-Europeanparentlanguage,spokenuntil3500to2000B.C.Thesepeoplehadcommonwordsforsnow,beeandwolfbutnowordforsea.Sosomescholarsassumetheylivedsomewhereinnorth-centralEurope,whereitwascold.Travelingeast,someestablishedthelanguagesofIndiaandPakistan,andothersdriftedwesttowardthegentlerclimatesofEurope.SomewhomadetheearliestmovewestwardbecameknownastheCelts,whomCaesar’sarmiesfoundinBritain.NewwordscamewiththeGermanictribes—theAngles,theSaxons,etc.—thatslippedacrosstheNorthSeatosettleinBritaininthe5thcentury.TogethertheyformedwhatwecallAnglo-Saxonsociety.岔枚恼垃怖届厚蹈祖度家诀倔杨骸咸瘩疯玛榔仔藏倚馆衬宏发灿轮臆讨谣全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7IdentifyingsimilarworTheAnglo-Saxonspassedontoustheirfarmingvocabulary,includingsheep,ox,earth,wood,fieldandwork.Theymusthavealsoenjoyedthemselvesbecausetheygaveusthewordlaughter.ThenextbiginfluenceonEnglishwasChristianity.ItenrichedtheAnglo-Saxonvocabularywithsome400to500wordsfromGreekandLatin,includingangel,discipleandmartyr.企似誓系捐岭妈拆纱腕威猾限祸噪饲剩炳叙走圈郎腔斥蘑孜玄颊侵取瞅贾全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7TheAnglo-SaxonspassedontoThenintothisrelativelypeacefullandcametheVikingsfromScandinavia.TheyalsobroughttoEnglishmanywordsthatbeginwithsk,likeskyandskirt.ButOldNorseandEnglishbothsurvived,andsoyoucanrearachild(English)orraiseachild(Norse).Othersuchpairssurvive:wishandwant,craftandskill,hideandskin.EachsuchadditiongaveEnglishmorerichness,morevariety.Anotherfloodofnewvocabularyoccurredin1066,whentheNormansconqueredEngland.Thecountrynowhadthreelanguages:Frenchforthenobles,LatinforthechurchesandEnglishforthecommonpeople.

并瞪抬半攻亨起判瀑吏喜沁涛扛裹孺务菊哆兹壮婚誊足鲍廖虑萧撂谭书乒全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7ThenintothisrelativeWith

threelanguagescompeting,thereweresometimesdifferenttermsforthesamething.Forexample,Anglo-Saxonshadthewordkingly,butaftertheNormans,royalandsovereignenteredthelanguageasalternatives.TheextraordinarythingwasthatFrenchdidnotreplaceEnglish.OverthreecenturiesEnglishgraduallyswallowedFrench,andbytheendofthe15thcenturywhathaddevelopedwasamodified,greatlyenrichedlanguage—MiddleEnglish—withabout10,000“borrowed”Frenchwords.劣珍命觉塞幼皂支棉斧默豪程碘真系散奖毯骇卧蚁某鬃霓廷剖途贺桑堰烛全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7WiththreelanguagescompetingAround1476WilliamCaxtonsetupaprintingpressinEnglandandstartedacommunicationsrevolution.PrintingbroughtintoEnglishthewealthofnewthinkingthatsprangfromtheEuropeanRenaissance.TranslationsTranslationsofGreekandRomanclassicswerepouredontotheprintedpage,andwiththemthousandsofLatinwordslikecapsuleandhabitual,andGreekwordslikecatastropheandthermometer.TodaywestillborrowfromLatinandGreektonamenewinventions,likevideo,televisionandcyberspace.怨扛慢赡克跋捣匆秩倔术洒掉幸眠窑允妙卷遍幢眨誓婚权氖愉蘑赏粗丢渝全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7Around1476WilliamCaxAssettlerslandedinNorthAmericaandestablishedtheUnitedStates,Englishfounditselfwithtwosources—AmericanandBritish.ScholarsinBritainworriedthatthelanguagewasoutofcontrol,andsomewantedtosetupanacademytodecidewhichwordswereproperandwhichwerenot.Fortunatelytheirideahasneverbeenputintopractice.躯氢图懂孔蜗重鸿圈杖渡挡胀肤烫龋淮骡县熬月簿帧播沽肢端飘信魏春流全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7AssettlerslandedinNThattoleranceforchangealsorepresentsdeeplyrootedideasoffreedom.DanishscholarOttoJespersenwrotein1905,“TheEnglishlanguagewouldnothavebeenwhatitisiftheEnglishhadnotbeenforcenturiesgreatrespectersofthelibertiesofeachindividualandifeverybodyhadnotbeenfreetostrikeoutnewpathsforhimself.”Ilikethatidea.

ConsiderthatthesameculturalsoilproducingtheEnglishlanguagealsonourishedthegreatprinciplesoffreedomandrightsofmaninthemodernworld.ThefirstshootssprangupinEngland,andtheygrewstrongerinAmerica.TheEnglish-speakingpeopleshavedefeatedalleffortstobuildfencesaroundtheirlanguage.桩陷鹅蛀捆急哪务殃昨畏淖利贵绸脾险束撑肋涣礁页侍很勿耍梨沙赋譬又全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7ThattoleranceforchangealsoIndeed,theEnglishlanguageisnotthespecialpreserveofgrammarians,languagepolice,teachers,writersortheintellectualelite.Englishis,andalwayshasbeen,thetongueofthecommonman.粪蒸瞄径慨军洪阳醚芳拌蚀唬袁啥釜恰硷邯垫谎热宠蚕午瓶眠疑板忍腋缺全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7Indeed,theEnglishlanguageDR_SentenceTHEGLORIOUS1英语中绚丽多彩的杂乱无章现象。THEGLORIOUSMESSINESSOFENGLISHTranslatethetitleintoChinese.窿螟碾袖尾桥巴一迸撮檬闭壁这筒诀抱丰诬梧拯脏彻骚插浇役丁主贼耀自全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2-Unit7DR_SentenceTHEGLORIOUS1英DR_SentenceTHEGLORIOUS2Therhetoricaldeviceusedhereiscalledoxymoron(矛盾修饰法).Anoxymoronputstwocontradictorytermstogethertopuzzlethereader,luringhim/hertopauseandexplorewhy.Here“Glorious”isacommendatory(褒义的)term,while“Messiness”isderogatory(贬义的).Asthereaderreadson,he/shewillknowthat

Englishismessy,butthemessinessreflectssomecommendablequalitiesofEnglish,suchastolerance,th