内蒙古高一下学期期末英语试卷有答案解析

第页内蒙古高一下学期期末英语试卷(有答案解析）（满分：150分；考试时间：120分钟）学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Nowadaysmoreandmorepeopleliketotravel,especiallywhenvacationscome.Agreatnumberofpeoplerushoutoftheirhomesorcompaniestotravellingspots.Theyeitherdriveortakeabus,atrain,ashipandsoon.Someevenridebikes.However,thereisanotherwayoftravelling-poorism.Peoplehaveatourinthepoorestareasoftheworld.Somepeoplemaytakeaone-daypooresttour,andsomeevenpaytostayinverypoorneighborhoodstoexperiencethelowestlivingstandardsintheworld.Poorismtourstakeplacearoundtheworld,andnotjustinthethirdworldcountries.Youcan,forinstance,tourNewYorkneighborhoodsintheBronx,intheBundofShanghai.Suchtourscantakepeopleintotheheartofpoorareaswithinsomelargeandrichcities.Thesetoursmayawakenpeopletopaymoreattentiontolong-standingpoverty,ortheeffectsofwar.Somesuggestthattoursinthepoorareascanraisesocialcare.Andthemoneyfromthetourcanbedonatedtohelpthepeoplethere.1．What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“poorism”inthesecondparagraph?A．贫困 B．穷人 C．穷游 D．可怜的人2．Somepeoplehavepoorismtours________.A．toshowhowrichtheyare B．toexperiencethepoorlifeC．toenjoythebeautifulscenes D．toseepoorpeople3．Poorismtourscanmakepeople________.A．careforthepovertymore B．knowaboutthecountrysideC．gotobigcities D．gointotheheartofrichcities4．________liketotravelwhenvacationscome.A．Fewpeople B．Poorpeople C．Lotsofpeople D．RichpeopleEmbroidery(刺绣)isanimportantartforminChineseculture.Peopleoftenembroiderhandkerchiefs,bedcovers,tableclothsanddresses.ShuembroideryisoneofthemostfamousembroiderystylesinChina.It'sknownforitsstrongexpressionandsmoothneedlework.Thecharacteristicsaregreatlyinfluencedbygeographicalenvironment,customsandcultures.Calledthe“LandofAbundance”,Sichuanprovinceisrichingrainproduction.Thepeopleofthisareaalsoenjoyaslowlifestyle.Sowhenembroidering,theyareusuallypatientandwillingtospendtimepursuingtheform’scomplexityandelegance.ThiscouldalsobeareasonwhyShuembroiderywaslistedasanational-levelintangibleculturalheritagein2006.MakingbeautifulShuembroideryproductsisnevereasy.Itrequiressuperbworkmanship.MengDezhi,59,wasborntoafamilyofembroiderers.ShewasoneofthemosttalentedemployeesattheChengduShuembroideryfactory.Evenso,thelongandrepetitivenatureoftheprocessoftenchallengesher.Andinwinter,whenherhandsandfeetarefreezing,thingsbecomemoredifficult.ButherlovefortheworkhasencouragedMengtocontinue.EvenforanexperiencedmasterlikeMeng,finishingapiecerequiresseveraldaysorevenafewmonths.“Theseexperiencesmaysometimesdiscourageme,buttheloveforShuembroideryalwaysgivesmemotivationtocontinue,”saidMeng.MenghasalsopopularizedthecultureofShuembroiderywhenthetraditionwasatriskofdeclining.Manycheapproductsaremadebymodernmachines.In2005,thefactoryMengworkedinwasforcedtoclose.Tomakealivingandpassalongthetraditionaltechnique,Mengrenteda

smallspaceof10squaremeterstoteachShuembroideryskillstothekidsandyoungpeople.“Intheearlydays,Isetupthecompanyjustforsurvival,butnowIreallyfeelthatIhavetheresponsibilitytopassonShuembroideryskillstoyoungpeople.”“Itislikesowingaseed—whoknowswhichofthemwillbecomeaninheritor(继承人)orguardianofourcultureinthefuture?”shetoldChinaDaily.5．WhatisspecialaboutShuembroidery?A．Itmainlyfeaturesimagesofanimals.B．Itiscomplexanddelicateinworkmanship.C．ItaffectslocallifestylesinSichuanprovince.D．It’sdevelopedfromtraditionalChinesepaintings.6．WhatmakesMengDezhisticktoembroidering?A．ThenatureofShuembroidery.B．ThepassionforShuembroidery.C．Theinfluenceofherfamilytradition.D．TheprofitsfromShuembroideryproducts.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Settingupacompanyforaliving.B．Rentinga10-square-meterspace.C．Makingcheapproductswithmodernmachines.D．TeachingShuembroideryskillstotheyounggeneration.8．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ArtMadewithModemMachines B．TheHistoryofShuEmbroideryC．PassingonNeedlepointPerfection D．ATalentedShuEmbroideryEmployeeManyAndroidandiPhoneownersuseGoogleservicesontheirmobilephonesortablets.OneofthemostwidelyusedlocationservicesisGoogleMaps.WhensomeoneusesGoogleMaps,informationabouttimesandlocationsisrecordedandstored.Googlealsousestrackingtoolswithotherservices.Weatherapps,forexample,aredesignedtoidentifyauser’slocationtoprovidelocalweatherinformation.EvensomeGoogleInternetsearchescanresultinthecollectionofinformationaboutexactlywhereapersonwaswhenthesearchwasmade.Googlesaysitcollectsthedatatoimproveusers’localizedexperiences.Butsuchpracticeshavealsoraisedprivacyconcerns.PrivacyactivistshavecalledonGoogleandothermajortechnologycompaniestomakeiteasierforuserstoturnofflocationservicesiftheydonotwanttobetracked.Insomeways,Googleisclearaboutaskingpermissiontouselocationinformation.Forinstance,GoogleMapswillseekapprovalfromausertogivetheappaccesstolocations.IfauseragreestoletGooglecollectlocationinformationovertime,GoogleMapswillshowthishistoryina“timeline”thatshowstheperson’sdailymovements.Googlealsohasa“LocationHistory”setting.ThecompanysaysanyusercanturnoffLocationHistoryatanytime.AndwhenLocationHistoryisturnedoffforauser’saccount,itisturnedoffforallequipmentlinkedtothatGoogleaccount.ButtheAP(AssociatedPress)foundthisdoesnotappeartobetrue,findingthatGooglecontinuedtosavelocationhistoryevenifauserhadturnedoffLocationHistory.Googlestatesuserscanstopthesavingofalllocationmarkersbyturningoffanothersetting,however,whichisnotclearlyidentifiedasbeingconnectedtolocationtracking.Thesettingiscalled“WebandAppActivity”.ItstoresdifferentkindsofinformationfromGoogleappsandwebsitestoauser’sGoogleaccount.9．WhydoestheauthormentionWeatherapps?A．Toadvisepeopletostopusingthem.B．TostressGoogleservicesarewidelyused.C．ToproveGooglecollectsusers’dataillegally.D．Toshowmanyappscantrackauser’slocation.10．Whatisthevoicefromtheprivacyactivists?A．UsersshouldusetheInternetless.B．Googleshouldstoptrackingusers.C．Googleshouldrespectusers’privacy.D．Googleshouldturnofflocationservices.11．Whatdoestheauthorindicateinparagraph4?A．TheLocationHistorysettingisdifficulttofind.B．TheAPasksGoogletoremoveLocationHistory.C．TurningoffLocationHistorycanavoidbeingtracked.D．WhatGoogleannouncesishardlyconsistentwiththefact.12．Whichcanbestsummarizethepassage?A．UsingGoogleputsyouintoadangerousstate.B．Googleservicesurgentlyneedtogetimproved.C．GooglestilltracksyouwithLocationHistoryoff.D．WebandAppActivityhasendangeredpeople’slife.Livewithroommates?Havefriendsandfamilyaroundyou?Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadytojumponthatbandwagon.IexperiencedthiswhenIstartedswitchingtoazerowastelifestylefiveyearsago,asIwaslivingwithmyparents,andIcontinuetoexperiencethiswithmyhusband,asheisnotcompletelyzerowastelikeme.I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.Zerowastewasaradicallifestylemovementafewyearsback.IremembershowingmyparentsavideoofBeaJohnson,sharinghowcoolIthoughtitwouldbetobuygrocerieswithjars,andhavesolittletrash!Afewdayslater,Icamebackwithmyfirstjarsofzerowastegroceries,andmydadcommentedonhowsillyitwasformetocarryjarseverywhere.Itcameoffasabitdiscouraging.Yetasthemonthsofreducingwastecontinued,IdidwhatIcouldthatwaswithinmyownreach.Ihadmyownbedroom,soIworkedonremovingthingsIdidn’tneed.SinceIhadmyowntoiletries(洗漱用品),Iwasabletostartpersonalisingmyroutinetobemoresustainable.Ialsoofferedtocookeverysooften,soIportionedoutabitofthecupboardformyownzerowastegroceries.Perhapsyourhouseholdwon’tentirelymaketheswitch,butyoumayhavesomecontroloveryourownpersonalspacestomakethechangesyoudesire.Asyoumakeyourlifestylechanges,youmayfindyourselfwantingtospeakupforyourselfifotherscommentonwhatyou’redoing,whichcanturnitselfintoawholehouseholddebate.Ifyouhaveindividualswhoarenotonboard,yourwordsprobablywon’tdomuchandcanoftenleaveyoufeelingmorediscouraged.Sohereismyadvice:Leadbyaction.13．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“jumponthatbandwagon”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Shareanapartmentwithyou. B．Joinyouinwhatyou’redoing.C．Transformyourwayofliving. D．Helpyoutomakethedecision.14．Whatwastheattitudeoftheauthor’sfathertowardbuyinggrocerieswithjars?A．Hedisapprovedofit. B．Hewasfavorabletoit.C．Hewastolerantofit. D．Hedidn’tcareaboutit.15．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?A．Sheisquitegoodatcooking. B．Sherespectsothers’privacy.C．Sheenjoysbeingahousewife. D．Sheisadeterminedperson.16．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Howtogetonwellwithotherfamilymembers.B．Howtohaveone’sownpersonalspaceathome.C．Howtoliveazerowastelifestyleinahousehold.D．Howtocontrolthebudgetwhenbuyinggroceries.二、七选五Thehotsummermonthscomewithunbearableheat.Wealwayswanttoturnontheairconditionertocooldown.17.Buttherearesimplewaystocooldownyourhomewithoutusingtheairconditioner.Meanwhile,youcansavemoneyonyourelectricbill.BlockouttheheatofthesunwithyourcurtainsWhilethismayseemtobealmosttoosimpleandtoostraightforwardamethodtokeepyourhomeniceandcool,itreallydoeswork.18.Therefore,blockingyourwindowswithheavyshadesorcurtainswillnotonlyhelpyoucutyourindoortemperaturedownbutitwillalsohelpyousaveupwardsof7%onyourenergybillsaswell.19Makesurethatyourdoorsareasair-tightaspossiblesothatyoucanpreventcoolairfromescapingandhotairfromenteringyourhomeatthesametime.Also,makesuretokeepthedoorsthatfacedirectionstothesouthandwestclosedduringthedaysoyoucanpreventthehottesttemperaturesfromthesunpassingthroughtotherestofyourhouse.Keepyourbodycool20.Drinkicecoldwater,keepcoldpackspressedtoyourneckoryourwrists,anddoanythingelseyoucandotokeepyourcorebodytemperaturedown.Thatway,youwon’tfeelaswornoutbytheextremeheatduringthesummermonths.ConsideradifferenttypeofairconditionerWhenallelsefails,atopratedwindowairconditionerunitcanbetheperfectbudgetsolution.Theseinexpensiveairconditionersworkamazinglywelltocooldownoneroomofyourhome.21.A．ThatmeanshighenergybillsB．DrawthehotairoutofyourhomeC．KeepabettercontrolofyourentranceD．Nearly30%ofallunwantedheatcomesthroughyourwindowsE．YoucantakeadvantageoftheselowerdegreestocooldownyourhouseF．CoolingyourselffromtheinsidecanaffecthowyoufeelontheoutsideG．Youcanexpecttopayonlyabout$20permonthtousethem8hoursperday三、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。CCTVnewsanchorZhuGuangquanispopularwithalargeaudience,andhis22（popular）arousesourinterestinanchors.Ananchorisaperson23presentsthenewsonTV,radioortheInternet.Thisusuallytakesplaceinastudiowithateamhelpingwiththeproduction.Anchorsreadcurrentevents,introducestories24（write）byreporters,sometimeswritetheirownstoriesandareoftenconsideredthemostimportantpartofabroadcast.25goeswithoutsayingthatgoodspeakingskillsandbeingcomfortableinfrontofacameraareamustforagoodanchoraswellasbeingabletoadapttoflexibleschedulesand26（usual）hours.Theword“anchor”wasfirstused27（describe）WalterCronkite'sreportingofthefirsttelevisedUSconventionsofDemocratsandRepublicansforCBSin1952andhewasperhapsthemostfamousnewsanchorintelevisionhistory.HewentontobecomeheadanchoratCBS,28（host）theCBSEveningNewsfornearly20years.Hehada（n）29（immediate）recognizablevoiceandtrainedhimselftospeakmoreslowlythanotherpresentersataround120wordsperminuteinsteadoftheusual150-160words.Bythe1970swithCronkiteasitshost,theCBSEveningNews30（become）thetopnewsprogramintheUSAandCronkitewasknown31themosttrustedmaninAmerica.四、短文改错32．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。MynameisJane.Iwantbeajournalist.Journalistshavetobeveryindependently,andtheyneedmanydifferentskill.Theyespeciallyneedtocommunicatewellwithpeople,whatIbelieveI’mgoodat.AlsoIlikedtravellinganddoingchallengingthings.Ithinkworkforanewspaperandreportingfromallovertheworldarereallyexciting.Myparentsthinkbeingajournalististhedangerousjob,butI’mnotscaredof.Iliketakingrisks.IknowIwon’tmakemanymoneyandbringingnewstopeoplearoundtheworldwillbeenough.五、完形填空Yearsago,Iwasonalongflight,duringwhichavoicefromthespeakersaid,“Wewon’t33drinksorthemealbecausewearefacingastormahead.Pleasemakeyourseatbeltsfastened.”Manypassengersbecame34,talkingaboutitwitheachother.Atonceitbecame35intheplane.Soon,lightening36thedarkeningsky,andwithinmomentsthe37waslikeaboatonwavesinthestorm.Onemomentitwas38upbythestorm;thenext,itwasthrownasifitwereto39ontotheground.Allthepassengerswere40.Somecried.Someprayed(祈祷).The41seemedhopeless.Iwonderedifwecould42itthroughthestorm.ThenInoticedthelittlegirlnexttome.Surprisingly,thestormseemedtomean43toher.Shewas44,lookingthroughapicturebook.Sometimessheclosedhereyes,thenshewould45again,butshenevershoweda(n)46ofworryorfear.Thelittlegirlwasn’tafraidatall47alltheadultswerescaredtodeath.Findingmewatchingher,thegirlsmiledatmeandsaid,“Don’tworry.Myfatheristhepilot.Heistakingmehome.Takeiteasy.Hewilltakeushomesafely.”Whentheplanewasoutof48,Ismiledatthegirlandshegavemeabigsmilein49.“Isaidmyfatherwouldtakeushomesafely.”Manykindsofstormsmay50us:diseases,difficulties...Theycaneasilydarkenourskyand51ourplanesintohardtimes.Letus52:Loveisthepilot.Itwillhelpusoutoftrouble.Sotakeiteasy.33．A．get B．take C．serve D．sell34．A．nervous B．excited C．optimistic D．comfortable35．A．suitable B．quiet C．unfair D．noisy36．A．brokeout B．litup C．cameabout D．gaveoff37．A．ship B．seat C．train D．airplane38．A．turned B．cut C．lifted D．shut39．A．drop B．fly C．land D．jump40．A．surprised B．glad C．scared D．interested41．A．weather B．question C．action D．future42．A．make B．reach C．win D．finish43．A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything44．A．calm B．frustrated C．sad D．funny45．A．talk B．play C．read D．sleep46．A．book B．expression C．story D．impression47．A．and B．so C．when D．since48．A．order B．danger C．fashion D．date49．A．return B．turn C．time D．front50．A．establish B．demand C．encourage D．trouble51．A．introduce B．throw C．invite D．change52．A．ask B．wonder C．explain D．remember六、其他应用文53．水是生命之源，然而目前中国存在严重的缺水问题，带来一些危害。请就此问题，以“WaterShortageinChina”为题，写一篇100词左右的英语短文，提出解决办法。内容包括：1.缺水的现状；2.缺水的原因；3.解决的办法。参考答案1．C2．B3．A4．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了穷游成为很多人喜欢的旅游方式，穷游能够使人们更好地体验贫困生活和关心贫困问题。1．词句猜测题。根据第二段“However,thereisanotherwayoftravelling-poorism.Peoplehaveatourinthepoorestareasoftheworld.Somepeoplemaytakeaone-daypooresttour,andsomeevenpaytostayinverypoorneighborhoodstoexperiencethelowestlivingstandardsintheworld.(然而，还有另一种poorism旅游的方式。人们在世界上最贫穷的地区旅游。有些人可能会参加为期一天的最贫困之旅，有些人甚至花钱住在非常贫困的社区，以体验世界上最低的生活水平)”可知，还有另一种穷游的方式，划线单词表示“穷游”。故选C项。2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Peoplehaveatourinthepoorestareasoftheworld.Somepeoplemaytakeaone-daypooresttour,andsomeevenpaytostayinverypoorneighborhoodstoexperiencethelowestlivingstandardsintheworld.(人们在世界上最贫穷的地区旅游。有些人可能会参加为期一天的最贫困之旅，有些人甚至花钱住在非常贫困的社区，以体验世界上最低的生活水平)”可知，有些人穷游是为了体验贫穷的生活。故选B项。3．细节理解题。根据第二段“Thesetoursmayawakenpeopletopaymoreattentiontolong-standingpoverty,ortheeffectsofwar.(这些旅游可能会唤醒人们对长期贫困或战争影响的更多关注)”可知，穷游可以使人们更加关心贫困问题。故选A项。4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Nowadaysmoreandmorepeopleliketotravel,especiallywhenvacationscome.Agreatnumberofpeoplerushoutoftheirhomesorcompaniestotravellingspots.(现在越来越多的人喜欢旅游，尤其是假期来的时候。许多人从家里或公司冲出，去旅游景点)”可知，当假期来临，很多人都喜欢旅游。故选C项。5．B6．B7．D8．C【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述蜀绣传承，蜀绣是中国最著名的刺绣之一，也是中华文化的一种重要的艺术形式，蜀绣被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。5．细节理解题。由第二段“Sowhenembroidering,theyareusuallypatientandwillingtospendtimepursuingtheform’scomplexityandelegance.(所以在刺绣时，她们往往是耐心的，愿意花时间追求形式的复杂和优雅。)”可知，蜀绣的做工复杂而又精致。故选B。6．细节理解题。由第四段“ButherlovefortheworkhasencouragedMengtocontinue.(但她对这份工作的热爱激励着Meng继续下去。)”和第五段也再次提到“theloveforShuembroideryalwaysgivesmemotivationtocontinue(对蜀绣的热爱一直是我继续下去的动力)”可知，虽然蜀绣制作很不容易，但Meng对蜀绣的热爱让她坚持了下来。故选B。7．词句猜测题。根据上文“IreallyfeelthatIhavetheresponsibilitytopassonShuembroideryskillstoyoungpeople(我真的觉得我有责任把蜀绣技艺传给年轻人)”可知，it所在的句子意思是“向年轻人传授蜀绣技艺就像播下一颗种子，谁知道他们中谁会成为我们文化的继承者或守护者?”It在此是指“向年轻人传授蜀绣技艺”。故选D。8．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述蜀绣的特点和Meng对于此项技艺的传承，选项C.PassingonNeedlepointPerfection(传承针尖下的完美)形象地体现了文章中心，故应为最佳标题。故选C。9．D10．C11．D12．C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是在关闭位置历史记录的情况下谷歌仍然在跟踪对象。9．推理判断题。根据第二段中Googlealsousestrackingtoolswithotherservices.Weatherapps,forexample,aredesignedtoidentifyauser’slocationtoprovidelocalweatherinformation.“谷歌还在其他服务中使用跟踪工具。例如，天气应用程序被设计用来识别用户的位置，以提供当地的天气信息。”可知，作者提到Weatherapps程序是为了显示许多应用程序可以跟踪用户的位置。故选D。10．推理判断题。根据第三段中PrivacyactivistshavecalledonGoogleandothermajortechnologycompaniestomakeiteasierforuserstoturnofflocationservicesiftheydonotwanttobetracked.“隐私维权人士呼吁谷歌和其他主要科技公司，让用户在不想被跟踪的情况下更容易关闭定位服务。”可知，隐私活动人士的声音是“谷歌应该尊重用户的隐私。”故选C。11．推理判断题。根据第四段中whenLocationHistoryisturnedoffforauser’saccount,itisturnedoffforallequipmentlinkedtothatGoogleaccount.ButtheAP(AssociatedPress)foundthisdoesnotappeartobetrue,findingthatGooglecontinuedtosavelocationhistoryevenifauserhadturnedoffLocationHistory.“当用户帐户的位置历史记录被关闭时，所有连接到该谷歌帐户的设备都将被关闭。但美联社发现这似乎不是真的，发现谷歌继续保存位置历史，即使用户关闭了位置历史。”可知，谷歌所宣布的与事实并不相符。故选D。12．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中theAP(AssociatedPress)foundthisdoesnotappeartobetrue,findingthatGooglecontinuedtosavelocationhistoryevenifauserhadturnedoffLocationHistory.“美联社发现这似乎不是真的，发现谷歌继续保存位置历史，即使用户已经关闭了位置历史。”可知，本文讲述的是谷歌仍然在关闭位置历史记录的情况下跟踪您。故选C。【点睛】抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。本文第4小题，根据倒数第二段中theAP(AssociatedPress)foundthisdoesnotappeartobetrue,findingthatGooglecontinuedtosavelocationhistoryevenifauserhadturnedoffLocationHistory.“美联社发现这似乎不是真的，发现谷歌继续保存位置历史，即使用户已经关闭了位置历史。”可知，本文讲述的是谷歌仍然在关闭位置历史记录的情况下跟踪您。故选C。13．B14．A15．D16．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。13．词句猜测题。根据划线部分前文“Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadyto(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好)”及第二段中的“I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动。由此推知，划线词组jumponthatbandwagon与Joinyouinwhatyou’redoing.(加入你正在做的事情)意思接近。故选B。14．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Afewdayslater,Icamebackwithmyfirstjarsofzerowastegroceries,andmydadcommentedonhowsillyitwasformetocarryjarseverywhere.Itcameoffasabitdiscouraging.(几天后，我带着第一罐零废物杂货回来了，我父亲评论说，我到处带着罐子是多么愚蠢。结果有点令人沮丧)”可推知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。故选A。15．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yetasthemonthsofreducingwastecontinued,IdidwhatIcouldthatwaswithinmyownreach.(然而，随着减少浪费的几个月的持续，我尽了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhapsyourhouseholdwon’tentirelymaketheswitch,butyoumayhavesomecontroloveryourownpersonalspacestomakethechangesyoudesire.(也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变)”可推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。16．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadytojumponthatbandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。故选C。17．A18．D19．C20．F21．G【导语】本文是一篇说明文。炎热的夏季开空调电费很高，文章提供了几个使房间凉快的省钱的方法。17．根据空前“Wealwayswanttoturnontheairconditionertocooldown.(我们总是打开空调来降温，)”可知，我们打开空调降温，这会很费电，A项“Thatmeanshighenergybills(这意味着高昂的能源账单。)”符合语境，是对上文的结果说明。故选A项。18．根据上文“Whilethismayseemtobealmosttoosimpleandtoostraightforwardamethodtokeepyourhomeniceandcool,itreallydoeswork.(虽然这似乎是一个让你的家保持凉爽的方法太简单太直接了，但它真的很有效。)”可知，用窗帘遮挡阳光是有效果的。而D项“Nearly30%ofallunwantedheatcomesthroughyourwindows(近30%的多余热量都是从窗户进来的。)”给出一个论据支持这个做法，由此再引出下文的结果。故选D项。19．此处是本段小标题，根据空后“Makesurethatyourdoorsareasair-tightaspossiblesothatyoucanpreventcoolairfromescapingandhotairfromenteringyourhomeatthesametime.(确保你的门尽可能密封，这样你就可以防止冷空气和热空气同时进入你的家。)”可知，本段主要是在介绍方法之一，即控制门的密封性，空处为本段的主题句，所以C项“Keepabettercontrolofyourentrance(更好地控制你的入口)”符合题意。C项中的entrance即下文的doors。故选C项。20．根据本段小标题Keepyourbodycool(保持身体凉爽)可知，此处与人的自身有关。根据下文“Drinkicecoldwater,keepcoldpackspressedtoyourneckoryourwrists,anddoanythingelseyoucandotokeepyourcorebodytemperaturedown.(喝冰水，把冷袋压在脖子或手腕上，做任何你能做的事情来降低你的核心体温。)”可知，这里介绍的是让自身从内到外凉快下来的方法。由此可知，F项“Coolingyourselffromtheinsidecanaffecthowyoufeelontheoutside(从内部降温会影响你在外部的感觉)”符合题意。故选F项。21．根据上文“Theseinexpensiveairconditionersworkamazinglywelltocooldownoneroomofyourhome.(这些便宜的空调能让你家里的一个房间凉快下来。)”可知，G项“Youcanexpecttopayonlyabout$20permonthtousethem8hoursperday(预计你每天使用这种空调8小时只需支付20美元)”具体给出了使用这种空调的好处，且G项中的them指代的是前一句的“Theseinexpensiveairconditioners.”。故选G项。22．popularity23．who/that24．written25．It26．unusual27．todescribe28．hosting29．immediately30．hadbecome31．as【分析】本文是说明文。文章说明了“anchor（新闻节目主播）”一词的由来。22．考查名词。句意：中央电视台新闻节目主播朱广泉很受观众的欢迎，他的受欢迎引起了我们对新闻节目主播的兴趣。在形容词性物主代词his后应该是名词，在句中做主语；popular是形容词，名词形式为popularity。故填popularity。23．考查定语从句关系词。句意：新闻主播是指在电视、广播或互联网上播报新闻的人。分析句子结构，“___presentsthenewsonTV,radioortheInternet”是定语从句，先行词是aperson，指人，在从句中做主语，因此用who/that引导定语从句。故填who/that。24．考查过去分词。句意：新闻主播阅览时事，介绍记者写的故事，有时自己写故事，他们通常被认为是广播节目中最重要的部分。stories和write之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词表被动，作后置定语；write是不规则变化动词，过去分词为written。故填written。25．考查it作形式主语。句意：毋庸置疑，良好的演讲技巧和在镜头前的舒适自然，以及能够适应灵活的时间安排和不同寻常的工作时间，都是一个好的新闻主播必须具备的条件。此处是句型“Itgoeswithoutsayingthat…”，意思为“不言而喻，毫无疑问”，it是形式主语，指代后面that引导的真正主语从句。故填It。26．考查逻辑。句意：毋庸置疑，良好的演讲技巧和在镜头前的自然，以及能够适应灵活的时间安排和不同寻常的工作时间，都是一个好的新闻主播必须具备的条件。根据“flexibleschedules”可知，新闻主播的工作时间是灵活变动的，不是通常的工作时间。usual意思为“通常的，寻常的”；前面加否定前缀un-，构成其反义词unusual，意思为“不同寻常的”。故填unusual。27．考查不定式。句意：“anchor”这个词最初是被用来描述WalterCronkite在1952年为哥伦比亚广播公司(CBS)报道的第一次美国民主党和共和党全国代表大会，他可能是电视史上最著名的新闻主播。此处是短语beusedtodo…“被用来做……”，后接不定式作主语补足语。故填todescribe。28．考查现在分词。句意：后来，他成为了哥伦比亚广播公司的首席主播，主持哥伦比亚广播公司晚间新闻节目近20年。分析句子结构，“____(host)theCBSEveningNewsfornearly20years”在句中作状语；句子主语he和host之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，表示补充说明。故填hosting。29．考查副词。句意：他的声音立刻会被人辨认出来，他把自己的语速训练得比其他主持人慢得多，从通常的每分钟150—160个词到大约120个词。修饰形容词recognizable，应该用副词形式。故填immediately。30．考查时态。句意：到20世纪70年代，在Cronkite的主持下，CBS晚间新闻已经成为美国最热门的新闻节目，Cronkite也被认为是美国最值得信任的人。根据时间状语bythe1970s，“by+时间”意思为“到……时间为止”，常与完成时连用；“the1970s”是过去的时间，因此用过去完成时；become是不规则变化动词，过去分词为become。故填hadbecome。31．考查固定短语。句意：到20世纪70年代，在Cronkite的主持下，CBS晚间新闻已经成为美国最热门的新闻节目，Cronkite也被认为是美国最值得信任的人。根据句意，此处是短语beknownas“作为……而为人所知”。故填as。32．1.want后加上to2.independently→independent3.skill→skills4.what→which5.liked→like6.work→working7.the→a8.删除of9.many→much10.and→but【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者想要成为一名记者的意愿。【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：我想成为一名记者。wanttodosth.为固定短语，表示“想要做某事”。故在want后加上to。2.考查形容词。句意：记者必须非常独立，并且他们需要许多不同的技能。be动词后应用形容词形式作表语，independent是形容词，表示“独立的”，符合句意。故将independently改为independent。3.考查名词。句意：记者必须非常独立，并且他们需要许多不同的技能。many表示“许多”，后接可数名词的复数形式。故将skill改为skills。4.考查定语从句。句意：他们尤其需要与人很好地沟通，我相信我很擅长。分析句子结构，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，修饰前边的整个句子，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，应用which引导从句。故将what改为which。5.考查时态。句意：我也喜欢旅行和做有挑战性的事情。结合上下文时态可知，句子描述现在的一般性情况，应用一般现在时，主语是I，谓语动词应用原形形式。故将liked改为like。6.考查非谓语动词。句意：我认为为一家报纸工作和从世界各地报道真的很令人兴奋。分析句子结构，work与reporting并列，为动名词短语作句子主语，所以work应用其动名词形式。故将work改为working。7.考查冠词。句意：我父母认为当记者是一项危险的工作，但我并不害怕。结合语意，当记者是一项危险的工作，应用不定冠词泛指一项危险的工作，dangerous是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用a。故将the改为a。8.考查句子结构。句意：我父母认为当记者是一项危险的工作，但我并不害怕。分析句子结构，连词but后为使用主系表结构的并列句，后边没有宾语，所以不需要使用介词of。故删除of。9.考查形容词。句意：我知道我不会赚很多钱，但给全世界的人带来新闻就足够了。money是不可数名词，前边应用much进行修饰。故将many改为much。10.考查连词。句意：我知道我不会赚很多钱，但给全世界的人带来新闻就足够了。结合语意，前后表示转折关系，应用连词but，表示“但是”。故将and改为but。33．C34．A35．D36．B37．D38．C39．A40．C41．D42．A43．B44．A45．C46．B47．C48．B49．A50．D51．B52．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了飞机遇到暴风雨上下颠簸，飞机上很多成年人都害怕得哭了起来，但是一位小女孩非常淡定，因为她相信飞行员父亲能安全带她回家。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我在一次长途飞行中，扩音器那里传来声音，“我们不会提供饮料和饭菜，因为我们面临着一场风暴。请系好你们的安全带。”A.get得到；B.take拿走；C.serve服务；D.sell卖。由下文“becausewearefacingastormahead”可知，飞机遇到暴风雨了，所以飞机服务人员暂时不会提供饮料和食物，故选C。34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很多乘客开始紧张起来，互相讨论这件事。A.nervous紧张的；B.excited兴奋的；C.optimistic乐观的；D.comfortable舒服的。由上文“becausewearefacingastormahead”可知，飞机遇到暴风雨了，所以乘客开始紧张起来，故选A。35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：飞机里立刻变得吵闹起来。A.suitable合适的；B.quiet安静的；C.unfair不公平的；D.noisy吵闹的。由上文“talkingaboutitwitheachother”可知，乘客开始互相讨论起来，所以机舱里变得非常吵闹，故选D。36．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：很快，闪电照亮了昏暗的天空，不一会儿，飞机就像暴风雨中波