英语阅读方法与技巧-主旨理解技巧

主旨理解技巧主旨题考察能力主要考察理解文章的主旨要义，同时也是对信息提炼能力和总结能力的考察。做题步骤选项分析实例分析找寻主旨辨析题干一、辨析题干1文章大意Whatisthepassageprimarilyconcernedabout?Themainideaofthispassageis_______.summarize、subject、topic、theme2文章标题Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?Thesuitableheadlineforthispassagemaybe______.3写作目的What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispaper?Theauthorwritesthispaperto____.二、寻找主旨抓住文章主题句串线段落主题句关键词重复通常会在开头出现，特别在说明文和议论文中有时出现在结尾，首尾呼应注意疑问句、强转折多留意段首句，强转折句，以及带有归纳性质的词和短语所在的句子反复提到的观点反复出现的词汇三、选项分析包含绝对词语无中生有似是而非以偏概全断章取义主题的扩大或缩小四、实例讲解Inthepast,fallingoilpriceshavegivenaboosttotheworldeconomy,butrecentforecastsforglobalgrowthhavebeentoneddown,evenasoilpricessinklowerandlower.Doesthatmeanthelinkbetweenloweroilpricesandgrowthhasweakened?Someexpertssaytherearestillgoodreasonstobelievecheapoilshouldheatuptheworldeconomy.Consumershavemoremoneyintheirpocketswhenthey’repayinglessatthepump.Theyspendthatmoneyonotherthings,whichstimulatestheeconomy.ThebiggestgainsgotocountriesthatimportmostoftheiroillikeChina,Japan,andIndia.Butdoesn’ttheextramoneyinthepocketsofthosecountries,consumersmeananequallossinoil-producingcountries,cancellingoutthegains?Notnecessarily,sayseconomicresearcherSaraJohnson.“Manyoilproducersbuiltuphugereservefundswhenpriceswerehigh,sowhenpricesfalltheywilldrawontheirreservestosupportgovernmentspendingandsubsidies(补贴)fortheirconsumers.”

四、实例讲解Butnotalloilproducershavebigreserves.InVenezuela,collapsingoilpriceshavesentitseconomyintofree-fall.EconomistCarlWeinbergbelievesthenegativeeffectsofplungingoilpricesareoverwhelmingthepositiveeffectsofcheaperoil.Theimplicationisasharpdeclineinglobaltrade,whichhasplungedpartlybecauseoil-producingnationscan’taffordtoimportasmuchastheyusedto.SaraJohnsonacknowledgesthattheglobaleconomicbenefitfromafallinoilpricestodayislikelylowerthanitwasinthepast.Onereasonisthatmorecountriesarebigoilproducersnow,sothenationssufferingfromthepricesdropaccountforalargershareoftheglobaleconomy.四、实例讲解Consumers,intheU.S.atleast,areactingcautiouslywiththesavingsthey’regettingatthegaspump,asthememoryoftherecentgreatrecessionisstillfreshintheirmind.Andanumberofoil-producingcountriesaretrimmingtheirgasolinesubsidiesandraisingtaxes,sothenetsavingsforglobalconsumersisnotasbigastheoilpriceplungemightsuggest.Q:Whatdoestheauthormainlydiscussinthepassage?A)Thereasonsbehindtheplungeofoilprices.B)Possiblewaystostimulatetheglobaleconomy.C)Theimpactofcheapoilonglobaleconomicgrowth.D)Theeffectoffallingoilpricesonconsumerspending.四、实例讲解

Inthepast,fallingoilpriceshavegivenaboosttotheworldeconomy,butrecentforecastsforglobalgrowthhavebeentoneddown,evenasoilpricessinklowerandlower.Doesthatmeanthelinkbetweenloweroilpricesandgrowthhasweakened?

Someexpertssaytherearestillgoodreasonstobelievecheapoilshouldheatuptheworldeconomy.Consumershavemoremoneyintheirpocketswhenthey’repayinglessatthepump.Theyspendthatmoneyonotherthings,whichstimulatestheeconomy.ThebiggestgainsgotocountriesthatimportmostoftheiroillikeChina,Japan,andIndia.Butdoesn’ttheextramoneyinthepocketsofthosecountries,consumersmeananequallossinoil-producingcountries,cancellingoutthegains?Notnecessarily,sayseconomicresearcherSaraJohnson.“Manyoilproducersbuiltuphugereservefundswhenpriceswerehigh,sowhenpricesfalltheywilldrawontheirreservestosupportgovernmentspendingandsubsidies(补贴)fortheirconsumers.”

四、实例讲解Butnotalloilproducershavebigreserves.InVenezuela,collapsingoilpriceshavesentitseconomyintofree-fall.

EconomistCarlWeinbergbelievesthenegativeeffectsofplungingoilpricesareoverwhelmingthepositiveeffectsofcheaperoil.Theimplicationisasharpdeclineinglobaltrade,whichhasplungedpartlybecauseoil-producingnationscan’taffordtoimportasmuchastheyusedto.SaraJohnsonacknowledgesthattheglobaleconomicbenefitfromafallinoilpricestodayislikelylowerthanitwasinthepast.Onereasonisthatmorecountriesarebigoilproducersnow,sothenationssufferingfromthepricesdropaccountforalargershareoftheglobaleconomy.四、实例讲解Consumers,intheU.S.atleast,areactingcautiouslywiththesavingsthey’regettingatthegaspump,asthememoryoftherecentgreatrecessionisstillfreshintheirmind.Andanumberofoil-producingcountriesaretrimmingtheirgasolinesubsidiesandraisingtaxes,sothenetsavingsforglobalconsumersisnotasbigastheoilpriceplungemightsuggest.Q:Whatdoestheauthormainlydiscussinthepassage