人体解剖学颅神经cranialnerves课件

CranialnerveDept.ofAnatomyZhouHongYingCranialnerveDept.ofAnatomyKeyPointsofLearningNameComponentsPassingthroughPeripheraldistributionCentralconnectionFunctionKeyPointsofLearningName2ⅠolfactoryⅡopticⅢocculomotorⅣtrochlearⅤtrigeminalⅥabducensⅦfacialⅧvestibulocochlearⅨglossophryngealⅩvagusⅪaccessoryⅫhypoglossalCranialnerveⅠolfactoryⅦfacialCranialner3Cranialnerve:connectwithbrainCranialnerve:connectwithbr4OpeningsandfissuresonbaseofskullforCNOpeningsandfissuresonbase5CRANIALNERVEGeneralsomaticmotor(GSM)Generalvisceralmotor(GVM)Specialvisceralmotor(SVM)Generalsomaticsensory(GSS)Specialsomaticsensory(SSS)Generalvisceralsensory(GVS)Specialvisceralsensory(SVS)EverypairofCNhasnotalloftheabovecomponents.CRANIALNERVEGeneralsomaticm6CRANIALNERVECRANIALNERVE7PuresensoryCNolfactoryn.opticn.vestibulocochlearn.PuresensoryCNolfactoryn.8

OlfactorynerveCNIPuresensory(SVS)--smellOlfactorybulboftelencephalonLeavescranialcavitythroughforaminaincribriformplateDistributestomucosaofsuperiorpartoflateralandseptalwallsofnasalcavity.OlfactorynerveCNIPuresen9OlfactorynerveCNIOlfactorynerveCNI10opticn.(Ⅱ)puresensory(SSS)--sightConnectswithopticchiasmaofdiancephlon.Leavescranialcavitythroughopticcanal.Distributestoretinaofeyeballopticn.(Ⅱ)puresensory(SSS)-11opticnerve,chiasma,optictractopticnerve,chiasma,optictr12Ⅷvestibulocochlearconveysimpulsesfrominnerear.senseofpositionterminatesinvestibularN,senseofhearingincochlearNⅧvestibulocochlear13VestibulocochlearN.Puresensory(SSS)Internalacousticmeatus→internalearVestibularnerveisresponsibleforequilibriumCochlearnerveisresponsibleforhearingVestibulocochlearN.Puresenso14PuremotorCNoculomotorn.trochlearn.abducensn.accessoryn.hypoglossalnervePuremotorCNoculomotorn.15oculomotorn.trochlearn.abducensn.oculomotorn.trochlearn.ab16Oculomotorn.(GSMandGVM)MidbrainSuperiororbitalfissureSuperiordivision--superiorrectus&levatorpalpebraesuperiorisInferiordivisionsuppliesinferior&medialrectus,&inferioroblique.GVMfibers—parasympathetic,supplyciliarymuscleandsphincterpupillae.TrochlearNPuremotor(GSM);midbrain;Superiororbitalfissure;SuperiorobliquemAbducensNPuremotor(GSM);Pons;SuperiororbitalfissureLateralrectusmOculomotorn.(GSMandGVM)17人体解剖学颅神经cranialnerves课件18accessoryn.TworootsPuremotorMedulla&spinalcordJugularforamenCranialroot--joinsXSpinalroot--sternocleidomastoid&trapeziusaccessoryn.Tworoots19(Ⅻ)Hypoglossaln.(Ⅻ)Hypoglossaln.20(Ⅻ)HypoglossalnervePuremotor(GSM)MedullaHypoglossalcanalextrinsicandintrinsicmusclesoftongue.(Ⅻ)HypoglossalnervePuremoto21MixedCNtrigeminaln.facialn.glossopharyngealn.vagusn.MixedCNtrigeminaln.22TrigeminalnerveVponsHasthreedivisions:ophthalmic,maxillary,andmandibularnerveHasbothsensoryandmotorcomponents.Itisthemainsensorynerveforheadandface.Itsmotornerveinnervatesthemusclesofmastication,etc.TrigeminalnerveVpons23

Threedivisions:OphthalmicSuperiororbitalfissureintoorbitalcavityMaxillary-foramenrotundumintopteygopalatineMandibular–foramenovaleThreedivisions:Ophthalmic24

Trigeminalnerve–ophthalmicNTrigeminalnerve–ophthalmic25Trigeminalnerve–ophthalmicNsuperiororbitalfissureLacrimalnervetolacrimalgland.FrontalnervetoforeheadNasociliarynervetoeyeball,partofnasalcavity,andskinofdorsumofnosefromroottotop.Trigeminalnerve–ophthalmicN26Trigeminalnerve–maxillaryNforamenrotundumpterygopalatinefossainferiororbitalfissure,sulcus,canalandforamentopartofnasalcavity,maxilla,upperteeth,andskinbetweeneyeandmouthTrigeminalnerve–maxillaryNf27Lingualnervetoanterior2/3oftongueInferioralveolarnervetomandible,lowerteeth,andchinBuccalnervetocheekAuriculotemporalnervetoparotidglandandtemporalregionSVMfiberssupplymusclesofmastication,tensorvelipalatini,andtensortempani,etc.Mandibularn.Lingualnervetoanterior2/328tensortympaniMtensortympaniM29

AnteriorbellyofdigastricM

Anteriorbellyofdigastri30SensoryfibersofCNVSensoryfibersofCNV31

ⅦFacialnerveinthetemporalboneandmainbranchesanddistribution

Mixed(SVM,GVM,SVS)Pons→internalacousticmeatus→canaloffacialnerve→stylomastoidforamenparotidglandSVMfiberssupplymusclesoffacialexpression&stapediusGVMfiberssynapseinpterygo-palatinegangliontosupplylacrimalgland;insubmandibularganglionsubmandibular&sublingualglandSVSfibersreceivetastefromanterior2/3oftongueⅦFacialnerveinthetempora32ⅦFacialnervefacialnintheinternalauditorymeatusⅦFacialnervefacialninthe33facialnintheinternalauditorymeatus,canal,throughthestylomastioidforamenfacialnintheinternalaudit34

ⅦFacialnervedistributestoexpressionmusclesⅦFacialnervedistributesto35

ⅦFacialnervedistributestomucousoftonguetasteⅦFacialnervedistributesto36

CNⅦdistributestosubmandibularglandandsublingualglandthroughthesubmadibularganglionCNⅦdistributestosubmandib37(Ⅸ)glossopharyngealn.Mixed;medulla;jugularforamenGVSfiberstocarotidsinusandbody,oropharynx,andposterior1/3oftongueSVSfibersreceivetastefromposterior1/3oftongueSVMfiberssupplystylopharyngeusGVMfiberssynapseinoticgangliontosupplytheparotidgland(Ⅸ)glossopharyngealn.Mixed;38

(Ⅸ)glossopharyngealn.distributestopharyngealmuscle,parotidsalivarygland

(Ⅸ)glossopharyngealn.distrib39(Ⅸ)distributestocarotidbody(chemoreceptors)carotidsinus(baroreceptors)

(Ⅸ)distributesto40

(Ⅸ)glossopharyngealn.distributestotonguegeneralsomaticandspecialtastesensory(posteriorthird)(Ⅸ)glossopharyngealn.distri41(Ⅸ)glossopharyngealn.(Ⅸ)glossopharyngealn.42Thevagusnerveintheneck,thorax,andabdomenMixed;medulla;jugularforamen;carotidsheath,onthesideofmediastinum,esophgealplexus,esophgealhiatusanteriorandposteriorvagaltrunksThevagusnerveintheneck,t43Parasympatheticfibersinthevagusnerve

Parasympatheticfibersoriginatefromthedorsalmotornucleusofvagus.Theyaredistributedwidelythroughouttherespiratory,gastrointestinalsystemandcardiovascular.

GVM

Parasympatheticfibersinthe