内蒙古赤峰市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试联考（A卷）英语试卷含解析

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精内蒙古赤峰市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试联考（A卷）英语试卷含解析2020年赤峰市高二年级学年联考试卷(A卷)英语注意事项：1.本试卷分Ⅰ卷、Ⅱ卷两部分，满分150分：考试时间：120分钟。2。答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。3.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1。5分，满分7。5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项.听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍.例：Howmuchistheshirt？A.£19。15.B。£9。18.C。£9.15。答案是C.1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A。Inabookstore.B.Inasupermarket.C。Inarestaurant。2。What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers？A。Colleagues.B。Parentandteacher.C.Daughterandfather.3。Whatdoesthemanmean？A。Hecan’tgoouttonight。B。Hewon’tgotoseeMike。C。Hewon’ttaketheinterview。4.Whendidthemanfinishhisexamreport?A.At9:00pm.B。At9：10pm。C。At9：30pm。5。Whatcanweknowabouttheconcert？A.Itwillstartaheadoftime。B.Itwillbecontinuous.C.Itwillbeaboringone。第二节(共15小题；每小题1。5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题.6。Whatdidthespeakersmostprobablydo？A。Theywentshopping.B。Theyhadlunchtogether。C。Theyattendedameeting。7.Whatwillthewomando？A。TakethearchitecttoMr。Lee’soffice.B。GobacktoherofficewithMr.Lee.C。Sendtheman'sregardstoMr。McPhee.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8。WhatisMissRose?AAnewspaperjournalist.B。Aschoolteacher.C。Afactorymanager.9.Whydidthemangiveupschooling？A.Hebrokeschoolrules.B.Hedidn’tlikestudying.C.Hehadtohelphisfamily.10.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheworkingconditions?A。Unpleasant.B.Dangerous。C.Acceptable.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题.11。Whatwasthemaninthestonepicturedoing？A.Movingstringswithshells。B。Makingvariouskindsofguitars。C.Playingsomethinglikeaguitar.12。WhatdidAntonioTorresdo？A。Hemadeguitarsoutofwood.B。Hechangedthesizeofguitars.C.Heproducedguitarswith3strings。13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout？A。Thehistoryofguitar.B.Thewaysofplayingtheguitar。C.Thematerialsusedforguitar.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Wherewasthewomanwhenthecatcrossedthestreet?A.Intheneighborhood.B.Inthestreet。C.Inthekitchen.15。Whydidthecatcrossthestreet？A。TocatchupwithMary.B。Tomeetanothercat。C。Togetsomefood。16.HowwillthespeakersgototheAnimalShelter？A。Bybus.B。Bybike。C.Byunderground.17.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutadoptinganewcat?A.Enthusiastic。B.Guilty.C.Upset.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18。Whatisa“gondola”？A.Abridge.B.Aboat。C.Abuilding.19.Howwideiseachgateintheproject？A.3meters。B。20meters.C。30meters.20。What’sthespeaker’sattitudetowardsthenewfloodpreventionproject？A.Cautious.B.Confident。C。Disapproving。第二部分阅读理解（共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A。B。C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AEssayEpicFails：TheWrightBrothers:Nose-DivingintoHistoryByErikSladerandBenThompson。Ages6to12.ThefirstbookintheEpicFailsseriesdealswithoneofthemostambitiousgoalshumanshavepursued：thequeststofly.AuthorsSladerandThompsonfocusonlife-or-deathscenes，suchaswhentheWrightbrotherscrashedtheirglideroverandoveronthesandycoastofNorthCarolina;ittookthemtwomoreyearstogetitright。EpicFails:TheRacetoSpace：CountdowntoLiftoffByErikSladerandBenThompson.Ages6to12Today,everyoneisfamiliarwithNeilArmstrong’sfamouswordsashefirstsetfootonthemoon,“That’sonesmallstepforman,onegiantleapformankind。”Hemadeitlookeasy,butAmerica’sjourneytothemoonwasanythingbutsimple。Ourfirstattemptwasafailure。Still，wedidn’tgiveup.Wetriedagain.Andagain.Andeachtimewefailed，wefailedalittlebitbetter。FantasticFailures：TrueStoriesofPeopleWhoChangedtheWorldbyFallingDownFirstByLukeReynolds。Ages6to12。TeacherLukeReynoldsopenseachchapterwithaquick,impossiblyperfectversionofoneperson’slifeandthensayshowthatpersonactuallyhadtofacehugechallengestoaccomplishgoals.Inthisbook，Reynoldswritesaboutvariouscommonmen,womenandchildren。CyrusField'sBigdream：TheDaringEfforttoLaytheFirstTransatlanticTelegraphCableByMaryMortonCowan.Ages6to12。In1853，ittookatleastaweektorelayamessagebetweentheUnitedStatesandEuropebecausepeoplehadtobetransportedonshipsovertheAtlanticOcean。CyrusFieldtriedtoreducethattransmission（传送)timetojustminutesbylayingalongunderseacable。Inthisbook，CowandescribesmanyfailuresFieldsufferedbeforeheachievedthismajorbreakthrough.1。Whoarethefourbooksintendedfor?A。Children. B.Teenagers。 C.Adults。 D.Oldpeople。2.WhatdoweknowaboutFantasticFailures？A.Itwaswrittenbyafamousactor. B.Ittellsstoriesofordinarypeople。C.Itisaboutsciencefictionstories. D。Itisapicturebookbyateacher。3。Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthefourbooks？A.AllroadsleadtoRome。 B。Failureisthemotherofsuccess.C。Anearlybirdcatchesworms D。Actionsspeaklouderthanwords。【答案】1。A2。B3。B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章通过介绍有关经历失败而获得成功的人物故事，四本书的主旨告诉我们：失败乃成功之母。【1题详解】推理判断题。从每一段的Ages6to12。来看，年龄都是6到12岁，所以是孩子的年纪。由此判断出四本书是写给孩子的.故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三个小标题下面的最后一句“Inthisbook，Reynoldswritesaboutvariouscommonmen,womenandchildren.”在这本书里,Reynolds写了关于不同的普通男人,女人和孩子的故事。所以《梦幻的失败》这本书讲述的是普通人的故事。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，根据文中“AuthorsSladerandThompsonfocusonlife-or—deathscenes,suchaswhentheWrightbrotherscrashedtheirglideroverandoveronthesandycoastofNorthCarolina；ittookthemtwomoreyearstogetitright。"莱特兄弟驾驶的滑翔机在一次又一次坠毁在北卡罗来纳州的沙滩上,他们花了2年多的时间才把事情弄清楚。第二个表格中“Ourfirstattemptwasafailure.Still,wedidn’tgiveup。Wetriedagain。Andagain.”我们第一次尝试失败了，我们仍然没有放弃，我们一次又一次尝试。第三个表格“personactuallyhadtofacehugechallengestoaccomplishgoals.”为了实现目标，人们实际上不得不面对巨大的挑战.第四部分“Fieldsufferedbeforeheachievedthismajorbreakthrough。"菲尔德在取得这一重大突破之前遭受了很多的罪，可知，文章介绍的四本书的内容都是有关经历失败而获得成功的人物故事。由此判断我们能从中学到，失败乃成功之母，故选B项。BLastweekendmarkedoneofthenicestdayssofarthisspring。Itwaswarmwithatinybreeze；thesunpenetratedthroughlightweightsweaterstowarmtheskin;themalechoirwaswarmingup，andthegraduateswerewalkingaroundthelawnbehindthethrongofsix-thousand-plusobservers。Withalloftheparents,sisters,brothers,grandparents，auntsanduncles,thestateuniversitywasacenterofactivity。Mynephewwasgoingtoreceivehisbachelor'sdegree.Whowouldhaveguessedthatfouryearswouldgobysoquickly?Asthecrowdoffreshlyelegantcandidateswandered,joked，huggedandchatteredbehindtheplatform，Iheardseveralcellphonesring。Therewereseveralnonsensical(无意义)conversationsgoingonwiththeaccompanyinggigglesofthenot—quite-maturestudents,butthenoneconversationinparticularcaughtmyattention.“Yes,Grandma，I’mreallygraduating.Ican’tbelieveit，either！IneverthoughtI’dbeheretoday，youknow？Really！Like,Iknowit!Yes,it’saveryspecialday...Holdon,we’reliningup。。.Ohwow，they’vegothundredsofballoonsthey’regoingtorelease!Yes，Kelly’shere..。Okay,I’llgiveheryourlove…herewego!Gran，I’mgraduating！…Loveyoutoo,Gran。I’msogladyoucouldbeherewithme！"Andsomehow，myinitialsurpriseandannoyattheuseofcellphonesduringsuchaseriousoccasionleftme.TheselittlerepresentativesofmoderntechnologyhadjoinedayoungwomanandherdevotedGrantoshareaveryspecialmomentintime.4.Theauthorwenttotheuniversityto______.A.enjoythebeautifulspringday B。seehowthegraduatesactC。seearelativegraduate D。receiveabachelor'sdegree5。Whywastheauthor'sattentionwascaught?A。Becausetheconversationwascarriedonthecellphone。B.Becausetheyoungwomansoundeddifferentfromotherstudents.C。Becauseseveralnonsensicalconversationsweregoingon。D.Becauseayoungwomanwassharingaspecialmomentwithhergran.6.Howdidtheauthorfeelafterheheardtheconversationbetweentheyoungwomanandhergrandmother?A.Surprised。 B.Annoyed. C。Puzzled. D。Moved.7.What'sthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthepassage?A.Todescribeanexcitingmomentinlife.B。Toexplaintheconveniencetechnologybringsus.C.Toadviseustousecellphonesproperlyinpublicplaces.D.Todescribeacommonsceneinlife。【答案】4。C5。D6。D7.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者见证一位毕业生通过手机和奶奶分享毕业经历,从而改变了对手机的看法。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的Mynephewwasgoingtoreceivehisbachelor’sdegree.可知,我侄子要拿到学士学位了.由此可以推出，作者去这所大学的原因是因为他的侄子要毕业了,也就是去参加亲属的毕业典礼。故选C.【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的Therewereseveralnonsensical（无意义)conversationsgoingonwiththeaccompanyinggigglesofthenot-quite—maturestudents,butthenoneconversationinparticularcaughtmyattention.可知，有几次毫无意义的对话，伴随着不太成熟的学生的咯咯笑声，并不能引起我的注意，但有一次谈话特别引起了我的注意。根据倒数第二段可知，这一段是在描述一位女生和她奶奶通过电话分享毕业经历。根据最后一段的Andsomehow，myinitialsurpriseandannoyattheuseofcellphonesduringsuchaseriousoccasionleftme.TheselittlerepresentativesofmoderntechnologyhadjoinedayoungwomanandherdevotedGrantoshareaveryspecialmomentintime.可知，我最初对在如此严肃的场合使用手机感到惊讶和恼火的情绪已经不在了。这些现代科技的小代表们加入了一位女生和她挚爱的奶奶去分享一个非常特殊的时刻。由此可以看出,作者的注意力被吸引的原因是一个女生正和她的奶奶分享这个特殊的时刻。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的Andsomehow，myinitialsurpriseandannoyattheuseofcellphonesduringsuchaseriousoccasionleftme。TheselittlerepresentativesofmoderntechnologyhadjoinedayoungwomanandherdevotedGrantoshareaveryspecialmomentintime.可知,我最初对在如此严肃的场合使用手机感到惊讶和恼火的情绪已经不在了。这些现代科技的小代表们加入了一位女生和她挚爱的奶奶去分享一个非常特殊的时刻。由此可以看出，作者和之前的看法有所不同，不再惊讶,不再恼火，所以对于这位女生和奶奶分享毕业经历是一种感动。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的Andsomehow,myinitialsurpriseandannoyattheuseofcellphonesduringsuchaseriousoccasionleftme。TheselittlerepresentativesofmoderntechnologyhadjoinedayoungwomanandherdevotedGrantoshareaveryspecialmomentintime。可知，我最初对在如此严肃的场合使用手机感到惊讶和恼火的情绪已经不在了。这些现代科技的小代表们加入了一位女生和她挚爱的奶奶去分享一个非常特殊的时刻，这令作者改变看法,很感动。由此可以推出，作者写这篇文章的目的就是描述生活中令人激动的时刻。故选A.CSometimesfishingshipsdisappear:Captainsturnofftheradiosthatbroadcasttheirlocations，leavingregulatorswonderingwhethertheshipsarefishingillegally。Now,researchershaveshownthatalbatrosses（信天翁)bearingsmalldetectorscanfindthesedoubtfulships,eveninthemiddleoftheopenocean.Aftera6—monthstudywiththelargeseabirds，theresearcherssaythatmorethanone-thirdofshipsinthesouthernIndianOceanarefishingillegally。“Theseareanimalpolice，”saysBorisWormofDalhousieUniversity.“You’reempoweringanimalstosurveytheirownenvironment，”Wormsays.“That'sprettycool."Themethodcouldalsohelpalbatrossesthemselves,whichcanbekilledwhentheygetcaughtoraccidentallyeatfishinghooks。Theresearcherswillbethereontime。Illegalfishingisamajorconcernforenvironmentbiologists，especiallyinremoteareas。Overthepastdecade，scientistshavestudiedtheproblemwithdatafromautomaticidentificationsystems（AISs)onships，whichsendtheiridentity,location，speed，anddirectiontosatellites。ButAlSscanbeturnedoff.ResearcherssuspectthatfishingshipsturnoffAISswhentheyarefishingillegallyorwanttopreventcompetitorsfromknowingwheretheyaregettingagoodcatch。Albatrossesmakegoodspies.Thebirds,whichliveonfish，canspotafishingshipfromasfarawayas30kilometers.Somespeciesflyhundredsorthousandsofkilometerswhilehunting。BetweenDecember2018andJune2019，thebirdsmet353ships.Thoselocationsweresenttothelabinlessthan2hours.IftheydidnotmatchthelocationsofshipswithanactiveAIS,theteamknewtheshipshadswitcheditoff。Ininternationalwaters，37%ofdetectedshipshadtheirAlSswitchedoffandfishedillegally。Althoughthealbatrossescandetectships，theycannottrackthemoverlongerdistances,onescientistsays。Hesays,“Whatyouneedtodoistolookforpatternstotakepicturesasevidence。”MorealbatrosseswillbearrangedinMarchandAprilaroundthePrinceEdwardIslandsinthesouthernIndianOceantorevealtheillegalfishing。8.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph？A.Fishingshipsdisappearsometimes。B。Illegalfishingisveryseriousintheopenocean.C.Someseabirdsareusedtomonitortheillegalfishing.D。One-thirdofshipsinthesouthernIndianOceanarefishingillegally.9.Whatbenefitwillthemethoddoforthealbatrosses？A.Theycangetenoughfood。B.Theycangetsavedwhenindanger.C。Theycanprotecttheirownrightsoffishing.D。Theycanavoidbeingkilledoreatingfishinghooks.10.Howdotheseabirdsofferhelp?A.Bysendinglocationsofships.B。ByturningoffAISsoftheships.C。Byfollowingtheshipsasfaraspossible.D。Bytakingthepicturesofshipsfishingillegally.11。Inwhichcolumnofanewspapercanthistextberead?A.Education。 B。Politics。 C。Science。 D.Health【答案】8。C9。D10.A11.C【解析】本文是说明文.由于存在渔船在非法捕鱼时关掉船上的自动识别系统的现象，带有小探测器的信天翁被用于通过发送船舶位置来提供帮助，判断渔船是否在非法捕鱼。【8题详解】主旨大意题。第一段开头介绍了渔船在进行非法捕鱼时,会关掉船上的自动识别系统,使渔船在监管下消失。根据Now,researchershaveshownthatalbatrosses（信天翁）bearingsmalldetectorscanfindthesedoubtfulships,eveninthemiddleoftheopenocean.可知带有小探测器的信天翁能够在广阔的海洋中找到这些可疑的船只。下文详细介绍了信天翁的工作过程和作用，所以第一段主要是介绍一些海鸟被用来监视非法捕鱼，引出下文内容.故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Themethodcouldalsohelpalbatrossesthemselves,whichcanbekilledwhentheygetcaughtoraccidentallyeatfishinghooks。可知这种方法也可以帮助信天翁自己,当它们被抓住或不小心被钩住时，它们可能会被杀死。即这种方法可以帮助信天翁避免被杀死或被钩住致死，故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后两段中的Thoselocationsweresenttothelabinlessthan2hours.IftheydidnotmatchthelocationsofshipswithanactiveAIS,theteamknewtheshipshadswitcheditoff。和Althoughthealbatrossescandetectships,……可知如果信天翁探测到渔船,渔船的位置会被很快传到实验室,通过位置对比就能判断渔船是否关闭了船上的自动识别系统，是否在非法捕鱼。所以信天翁是通过发送船舶位置来提供帮助的，故选A.【11题详解】推理判断题。文章介绍的是带有小探测器的信天翁被用于通过发送船舶位置来提供帮助,判断渔船是否在非法捕鱼。此类文章不属于教育、政治和健康内容，而应该是出自报纸的科学版块,故选C。DIftheladyintheMonaLisapaintingcouldtalk,shecouldtelluswhyshewassmilingforthepose,isn’tit?But,ofcourse,thatisnotpossiblebecausesheisjustapainting.However,recently，SamsungLabsinMoscowdemonstratedanAlprogramthatcouldcreateavideoofapersontalkingjustfromonesingleprofilepicture.Theresult？AtalkingMonaLisa，thankstoatechnology,knownasdeepfake！Theword“deepfake”isacombinationofthewords“deeplearning"and“fake”.Deeplearningreferstotheuseofmachinelearningandartificialintelligencetocreateimagesofhumanfaces。Thewordwasusedfirstin2017whenananonymouspersonusingthename“deepfake”begantopostimagesofcelebrities'facesonotherpeople'sbodies。Tostartwith，videorecordingsofapersonarebrokendownintothesmallestlevelsofdetailthatcapturehowtheirmouthandfacialfeaturesmovewhentheypronounceasoundlike“oo"or“ah”.These,alongwiththe3—Dmodelofthelowerface，arethenputtogetherandthepersoncanbemadetosaywordshe(orshe)neverdid。Deepfakesuseatechnologycalledgenerativeadversarialnetworks（GAN).Thissystemusestwoseparateartificialintelligencesystemsthataretrainedsuchthatonegeneratestheimagesandtheotherattemptstotelliftheyarefake。Themachinescontinuetoteacheachotheroverandoveragainuntiloneproducesavideothattheothercannottellitisfake！Fakenewswouldeasilygooutofhandifpeoplebelievedthefakevideosasrealanditcouldhavepoliticalandsocialeffect。ThereisalessonhereforeachofustobecarefulaboutwhatwepostontheInternet。Inthefuture,youmightseeapictureorvideoofyourselfandmaynotbeabletotellthatitisfake!Italljustgoestoshowthatseeingisnotalwaysbelieving.12。Howdoesthewriterdevelopthethirdparagraph?A。Bydefiningaconcept. B.Byintroducinganapp。C。Bytestingascientificmethod. D.Byprovidingdifferentexamples.13。WhatcanweinferaboutGANfromthepassage？A。Itneedstobetrained. B.Itcanlearnallbyitself.C。Itproducesperfectpictures. D。Itisusedtoidentifyfakeimages。14Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph?A.Peoplecanusedeepfakestobecomefamous.B.Thepublicaren’teasilycheatedbydeepfakes.C。Allofusmaybecomeavictimofdeepfakes。D.Deepfakesmakewhatyouhavedoneknowntoall。15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MonaLisa:aTalkingPictureB.FakeVideos：RecordingofaPersonC。AIProgram：CreatingaVideoD。Deepfakes：BelievingorNot【答案】12.A13.A14。C15.D【解析】这是一篇议论文.文章通过描写让蒙娜丽莎说话和一种叫deepfake的技术可以让产生无法分辨视频是假的，从而的得出我们每个人都要小心自己在网上发的内容，有可能会被利用,眼见不一定可信。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的Theword“deepfake”isacombinationofthewords“deeplearning"and“fake".Deeplearningreferstotheuseofmachinelearningandartificialintelligencetocreateimagesofhumanfaces。可知，deepfake一词是“深度学习”和“假"的组合.深度学习是指使用机器学习和人工智能来创建人脸图像.有根据Thewordwasusedfirstin2017可知，这是在讲此词源头.所以第三段是通过一个定义概念来发展的,从而再解释。故选A.【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的Thissystemusestwoseparateartificialintelligencesystemsthataretrainedsuchthatonegeneratestheimagesandtheotherattemptstotelliftheyarefake.可知,这个系统使用两个独立的人工智能系统，经过训练，其中一个生成图像，另一个尝试判断图像是否是假的。由此可以推断出，GAN需要训练.故选A.【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的Fakenewswouldeasilygooutofhandifpeoplebelievedthefakevideosasrealanditcouldhavepoliticalandsocialeffect。可知,如果人们相信这些假视频是真的，并且可能产生政治和社会影响,假新闻很容易失控.又因ThereisalessonhereforeachofustobecarefulaboutwhatwepostontheInternet。Inthefuture，youmightseeapictureorvideoofyourselfandmaynotbeabletotellthatitisfake！可知,我们每个人都要小心自己在互联网上发布的内容。将来，你可能会看到自己的一张照片或视频,却可能无法分辨它是假的!由此可以看出，我们要小心在网络上发布的内容，否则可能会被利用，无法分辨真假，从而产生坏的影响。也就是我们都可能成为deepfakes的受害者。故选C.【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段的ThereisalessonhereforeachofustobecarefulaboutwhatwepostontheInternet。Inthefuture,youmightseeapictureorvideoofyourselfandmaynotbeabletotellthatitisfake！Italljustgoestoshowthatseeingisnotalwaysbelieving.可知，这里有一个教训，我们每个人都要小心自己在互联网上发布的内容。将来，你可能会看到自己的一张照片或视频，却可能无法分辨它是假的！这一切都表明，眼见不一定可信.所以这也就是deepfakes该不该相信，故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverhadsomeonetellyou“Ifyoueatbeforebed,you'regoingtogetfat"___16___Butiseatinglateatnight，specificallyafter8p.m。,reallygoingtomakeyougainweight？Onetheoryisthatyourmetabolism（新陈代谢)slowsdownwhenyou'reasleep.Withaslowermetabolism,fewercaloriesarebeingburned。Thusthecaloriesyoueatrightbeforebedwouldnotbebumpedoffasmuchastheywouldbewhileyou’reawake。Althoughthescienceseemsprettysound，recentstudieshaveshownthatmetabolismchangesverylittlewhileyouareasleep。Theheartisstillbeating,lungsarestillworking,andthebrainisstillveryactive.___17___Sowhileweareasleep，wearestillburningcalories。___18___Carbohydrates（碳水化合物）areoneofyourbody’smainsourcesofenergy.Whentheygounused，theyarestoredprimarilyasfat。However,thetimeofdaythatcarbohydratesareconsumeddoesnotplayaroleastohowmuchofitisstoredasfat。Actually，weightgainisbasedontheamountofcaloriesbeingconsumedoverallandtheamountofcaloriesusedoverall。___19___Ithaslittletodowiththetimewhenyoueat.SohowcomeindividualshavehigherBMIswhentheysnack’atnight?Althoughthereisarelationbetweenthetwo，itissimplyaresultofeatingtoomanycalories!Snacksthatindividualstendtoeatduringthenightareusuallyhighinsugarandcalories,suchasicecream,candy,potatochips，andsoftdrinks。Thetimethesesnacksareconsumeddoesnotmatter.___20___.A.Alloftheseactionstakeenergy.B.Thatistosay，youwillnotgetfatifyoueatbeforebed。C.Anyoneeatinganytimeafterthemorningwillbecomefat.D.Foodconsumedlateatnightwillmorelikelybestoredaway.E.Withouteverquestioningit，peoplequicklyassumethistobetrue.F.Simplyspeaking,ifyoueatmorecaloriesthanyouburn,youwillgainweight.G.There'sanothertheoryabouteatingspecificallycarbohydratesbeforebed.【答案】16。E17。A18.G19。F20.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就深夜吃东西会不会发胖进行探究。最后结果表明,如果你摄入的卡路里比你燃烧的多，你就会发胖。这和你吃饭的时间没有多大关系。【16题详解】根据上文Haveyoueverhadsomeonetellyou，“Ifyoueatbeforebed，you'regoingtogetfat"（你有没有听过别人告诉你，“如果你睡前吃东西，你会发胖”)以及下文中Butiseatinglateatnight，specificallyafter8p.m。,reallygoingtomakeyougainweight？（但是深夜进食，特别是晚上8点以后，真的会让你发胖吗？)故E项（Withouteverquestioningit，peoplequicklyassumethistobetrue)没有人质疑过，人们很快就会认为这是真的。E项中的it指代上文的睡前吃会发胖。故E项承上启下，符合题意.故选E。【17题详解】根据上文Theheartisstillbeating，lungsarestillworking,andthebrainisstillveryactive.(心脏还在跳动，肺还在工作，大脑还很活跃）以及下文Sowhileweareasleep,wearestillburningcalories。（所以当我们睡着的时候，我们仍然在燃烧卡路里。)故A项（Alloftheseactionstakeenergy.）所有这些行动都需要能量。A项中的these指代上文中的“Theheartisstillbeating,lungsarestillworking，andthebrainisstillveryactive”，故A项承上启下，符合题意。故选A.18题详解】根据第二段中第一种理论是Onetheoryisthatyourmetabolism(新陈代谢)slowsdownwhenyou’reasleep.当你睡着的时候，你的新陈代谢会减慢。此处讲的是第二种理论,即Carbohydrates(碳水化合物)areoneofyourbody'smainsourcesofenergy.Whentheygounused，theyarestoredprimarilyasfat。However，thetimeofdaythatcarbohydratesareconsumeddoesnotplayaroleastohowmuchofitisstoredasfat。碳水化合物是你身体的主要能量来源之一。当它们闲置时,它们主要以脂肪的形式储存。然而，一天中碳水化合物被消耗的时间并不能决定有多少碳水化合物被储存为脂肪。故G项（There’sanothertheoryabouteatingspecificallycarbohydratesbeforebed）关于睡前吃碳水化合物还有另一种理论。符合题意.故选G。【19题详解】根据上文中Actually,weightgainisbasedontheamountofcaloriesbeingconsumedoverallandtheamountofcaloriesusedoverall。实际上，体重增加是基于摄入的卡路里总量和的卡路里总量.故F项（Simplyspeaking,ifyoueatmorecaloriesthanyouburn,youwillgainweight)简单地说，如果你摄入的卡路里比你燃烧的多，你就会发胖。是对上文的简单解释。故F项符合题意。故选F.【20题详解】根据上文中Snacksthatindividualstendtoeatduringthenightareusuallyhighinsugarandcalories,suchasicecream,candy，potatochips，andsoftdrinks.Thetimethesesnacksareconsumeddoesnotmatter.人们在夜间吃的零食通常含糖量和卡路里都很高，比如冰淇淋、糖果、薯片和软饮料.这些零食的消费时间并不重要。故B项(Thatistosay，youwillnotgetfatifyoueatbeforebed.）也就是说，如果你睡前吃东西，你不会发胖。B项是对上文的总结,符合题意。故选B.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A.B.C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IeohMingPei,oneofthebestknownarchitectsofthe20thcentury,hasdied，aged102。BorninChina，IeohMingPeimovedtotheUnitedStatesin1935tostudy____21____attheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandHarvardUniversity。Pei’s____22____aroundtheworldincludemuseums,governmentbuildings,hotels,schoolsandotherstructuresbuiltwithstone，steelandglass。Oneofhisbest-knownandmost____23____workswasbuilt30yearsago.PeicreatedanewLouvre’s（卢浮宫)main____24____，whichhandledtheenormousnumberofvisitorsenteringthemainLouvrebuilding。Peifirstspentfourmonths____25____themuseumandFrenchhistory.Hethendrew____26____forabig21-meter—talsteelandglasspyramid，withthree____27____pyramidsnearby。Itwasaveryfuturisticstyleofworkforthe12thbuilding。AFrenchnewspaper____28____Pei’spyramidsas“anannex(附属物）toDisneyland”.Anenvironmentalgroupsaidtheyshouldbe____29____inadesert.Others_____30_____Peiofruiningoneoflandmarks.PeisaidtheLouvrewasthemost____31____jobofhiscareer。He_____32_____thathehadwantedtocreateamodernspacethatwouldnot_____33_____fromthetraditionalpartofthemuseum.Hesaidtheglasspyramidswere_____34_____ontheworksofFrenchlandscapearchitectLeNotre.They_____35_____Frenchhistory.Thepyramids_____36_____inthespringof1989.Overtheyearsthatfollowed,thestructurecameto。be_____37_____bymost,ifnotall,ofitscritics.Pei'sotherfamous_____38_____includetheJohnF.KennedyLibraryinDorchester,Massachusetts，theNationalCenterforAtmosphericResearchinBoulderColorado,theEastWingoftheNationalGalleryofArtinWashingtonandtheDallasCityHallinTexas。_____39_____Peiofficiallyretiredin1990，hecontinuedto_____40_____projectsincludingmuseumsinLuxembourg，QatarandhisancestralhomeofSuzhou.21。A。law B。architecture C.medicine D.art22。A。stories B.footprints C.designs D。paintings23。A。controversial B.valuable C。complex D。fantastic24。A。base B.cover C。entrance D.decoration25.A。studying B。enjoying C。visiting D。assessing26。A.views B。plans C。reports D。ideas27。A.stronger B.heavier C.taller D。smaller28.A.attributed B。announced C.blamed D.praised29。A.spotted B。planted C。recognized D.landed30.A.reminded B.accused C.robbed D.informed31。A.horrible B。boring C。ordinary D.difficult32.A.argued B.suggested C.supposed D。demanded33.A。takedown B。takeoff C.takeaway D。takeover34.A。fixed B。based C.depended D.modeled35.A。honored B。changed C。damaged D。hid36.A.closed B.started C。broke D。opened37。A。commented B。refused C.loved D。attacked38.A。theories B.assignments C.buildings D。pictures39。A.Therefore B。AS C。But D.Although40。A。workout B。workover C.workoff D.workon【答案】21。B22.C23.A24.C25.A26.B27.D28.C29.C30。B31.D32.A33.C34.B35。A36.D37。C38.C39.D40.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了贝聿铭传奇的一生以及他所作出的贡献。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:贝聿铭出生于中国,1935年移居美国,在麻省理工学院和哈佛大学学习建筑学.A。law法律；B.architecture建筑学；C.medicine医学；D。art艺术.根据第一句oneofthebestknownarchitectsofthe20thcentury可知，贝聿铭，20世纪最著名的建筑师之一，所以应该学习的是建筑学。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:贝聿铭在世界各地的设计包括博物馆、政府大楼、酒店、学校和其他用石头、钢和玻璃建造的建筑。A。stories故事；B。footprints脚印；足迹；C.designs设计;D.paintings绘画.根据第一段的第一句oneofthebestknownarchitectsofthe20thcentury可知，贝聿铭是20世纪最著名的建筑师之一，所以是从事设计工作，此句也就是介绍他的设计作品。故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析.句意：他最著名、最具争议的作品之一是30年前创作的.A。controversial有争议的;B。valuable有价值的;C。complex复杂的；D.fantastic奇妙的.根据第三段的AFrenchnewspaperblamedPei’spyramidsas“anannex(附属物）toDisneyland”和ruiningoneoflandmarks.可知，一家法国报纸指责贝聿铭的金字塔是“迪斯尼乐园的附属品”.另一些人认为破坏了其中一个地标性建筑.由此可以看出这项作品是受到批评的,因此具有争议的，故选A【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：贝聿铭新建了一个卢浮宫的主入口，接待了大量进入卢浮宫主建筑的游客。A.base底座；B.cover盖；C。entrance入口；D。decoration装饰.因为是接待游客，所以入口与之呼应，故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：贝聿铭首先花了四个月的时间研究博物馆和法国历史。A.studying学习；研究；B。enjoying享受；C.visiting访问；D.assessing评估。因为是修建罗浮宫,并且花了四个月的时间，所以只有研究博物馆和历史符合题意。故选A.【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析.句意：然后他绘制了一个21米的塔尔钢铁玻璃金字塔的平面图.A。views观点；B.plans;平面图；计划；C。reports；报告D。ideas想法。根据句意，为了建卢浮宫，他绘制的只有平面图符合题意,drawplansfor…为……绘制平面图。故选B。【27题详解】考查形容词比较级辨析。句意：他绘制了一个21米的塔尔钢铁玻璃金字塔的平面图，附近还有三个较小的金字塔。A.stronger更强壮的；B.heavier更重的;C.taller更高的；D.smaller更小的。根据句意，他绘制的一个大的金字塔旁边的三个金字塔只有更小的符合题意，并且根据常识也可以判断出来。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一家法国报纸指责贝聿铭的金字塔是“迪斯尼乐园的附属品”.A。attributed归因;B。announced宣布；C.blamed指责；D。praised表扬。根据“迪斯尼乐园的附属品”可知，这家报纸