试验统计学实验一

...v.数据分析结果如下表：表1水稻F2代株高数据的根本特征数根本特征数计算结果平均数109.7131667cm离均差平方和SS720022.226cm2方差S21202.040444cm2标准差S34.67045492cm变异系数CV31.6009974%最大值max177.6cm最小值min24.4cm极差R153.2cm样本大小n600峰值g2-0.589380069偏斜度g1-0.6121756分析：根据上表结果，在水稻F2代株高调查中，共抽取了600个样本。样本中最大值为177.6cm，最小值为24.4cm，极差为153.2cm；变异系数为31.6009974%；其峰值为-0.589380069，为一个小于0的值，说明其次数分布曲线比正态分布低，为低润峰；其偏斜度为-0.6121756，小于0，说明该次数分布曲线不对称，且峰往右边偏。表2玉米单交种株高数据的根本特征数根本特征数计算结果平均数229.2075cm离均差平方和SS68065.63625cm2方差S2113.6321139cm2标准差S10.65983649cm变异系数CV4.6507363%最大值max257.8cm最小值min200.3cm极差R57.5cm样本大小n600峰值g2-0.112906602偏斜度g10.005430104分析：根据上表结果，在玉米单交种株高调查中，共抽取了600个样本。样本中最大值为257.8cm，最小值为200.3cm，极差为57.5cm；变异系数为4.6507363%；其峰值为-0.112906602，小于0，说明其次数分布曲线比正态分布低，为低润峰；其偏斜度为0.005430104，大于0，说明该次数分布曲线不对称，且峰往左边偏。2、比拟两组数据变异程度的大小：水稻F2代株高：CV1=31.6009974%玉米单交种株高：CV2=4.6507363%水稻F2代株高的变异比玉米单交种株高的变异大。3、次数分布表与次数分布图表3水稻F2代株高的次数分布表组限组中值〔X〕次数〔f〕≤30.924.4530.9~43.937.42043.9~56.950.44956.9~69.963.45069.9~82.976.42282.9~95.989.42095.9~108.9102.466108.9~121.9115.483121.9~134.9128.4138134.9~147.9141.489147.9~160.9154.443160.9~173.9167.411>173.9180.44合计600图1水稻F2代株高的次数分布图表4玉米单交种株高的次数分布表组限组中值〔X〕次数〔f〕≤202.8200.34202.8~207.8205.312207.8~212.8210.324212.8~217.8215.344217.8~222.8220.377222.8~227.8225.3107227.8~232.8230.3120232.8~237.8235.388237.8~242.8240.362242.8~247.8245.336247.8~252.8250.317252.8~257.8255.39>257.8260.30合计600图2玉米单交种株高的次数分布图分析哪组数据更接近正态分布，为什么。水稻F2代株高的峰值为-0.589380069，偏斜度为-0.6121756；玉米单交种株高的峰值为-0.112906602，偏斜度为0.005430104；可看出玉米单交种株高的峰值与偏斜度均小于水稻F2代株高，因此玉米单交种的数据更接近正态分布。另从次数分布图亦可看出玉米单交种株高的分布接近于正态分布。正态分布适合性测验。表5水稻F2代株高的正态分布适合性测验次数Oi累计概率pi组概率pi理论数Ei卡方分量50.0115068140.0115068146.9040886990.525131401200.0288316250.0173248110.39488628.875345944490.063843050.03501142521.0068551337.30287827500.1254159230.06157287336.943723514.614216965220.2196510630.0942351456.541084321.10123142200.3451628170.12551175475.307052440.61863992660.4906439990288708945.192070472830.6373951860050712270.2897159351380.766222780.12882759477.2965564747.67234433890.864643680.09842090159.05254036159300793050.06543562539.261374910.356006828110.9679397420.03786043622.716261796.04284241640.03206025819.2361550312.06792208600600199.8456747df=13-1-2=1018.307038051.73808E-37199.8456747分析：由于卡方分量为199.8456747，大于18.30703805。所以判断差异显著，可以认为资料不服从正态分布。表6玉米单交种株高的适合性测验次数Oi累计概率pi组概率pi理论数Ei卡方分量40.0066192250.0066192253.9715352490.000204012120.0223089470.0156897229.413833020.710471455240.0618791160.03957016923.742101450.002801423440.1422785160.080399448.23963990.372609466770.2738906810967299190.0490109981070.4474772470.173586566104.15193940.0778809211200.63194632706814480.784552546880.7898967440770250060.483656906620.8988654410.10896869765.381218110.174861164360.9594347270.06056928636.341571610.003210405170.9865585540.02712382816.274296640.03236056190.9963437180.0097851645.8710982131.66749491100.00