Unit1DiscoverUsefulStructures动词不定式作表语课件-高中英语人教版选择性

杨婷婷Unit1ArtDiscoverusefulstructuresLearningobjectivesAttheendofthislesson,Iwillbeableto:discoverandsummarizethepragmaticfeaturesandfunctionalmeaningofinfinitivesasthepredicative;realizelanguageoutputbycorrectlyusingthegrammaticalstructureofinfinitives.RecognizingthetargetstructurewaypurposeaimWhattheyattemptedtodoMatchingACGBFHIE

Infinitivesasthepredicative系动词thebestwaytounderstandWesternartistolookat

WhatIwouldsuggestisto

askDiscoverandFindFunction1.表示将来或预计Idon’tknowwhatistohappentousifwegoonlikethis.如果我们这样下去,我不知道我们会发生什么事。IwenttohavealookattheroomwhereIwastotalkthatafternoon.我去看了一下那个房间,那天下午我要在那里讲话。Function2.表示目的Thenextstepistomakesurethatyouknowexactlywhatisrequired.下一步你要弄清楚真正需要的是什么。Thepurposeofeducationistodevelopafinepersonalityinchildren.教育的目的是发展孩子们美好的品格。FunctionFunction4.表示命令或规定Visitorsaretoleavewhenthebellrings.来访者必须在铃响时离开。YouaretofinishyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV.你得做完了作业才能看电视。Shecangototheparty,butshe’snottobebacklate.她可以去参加聚会,但不能晚归。Practice表示目的表示将来表示规定表示计划或意图

Infinitivesasthepredicative动词不定式作表语Tip1：主语是以______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

等为中心的名词词组时，或者以__________________表示时，一般用动词不定式作表语说明主语的内容。

difficulty,experience,habit,job,method,principle,problem,reason,risk,role,task,thing,wish,aim,suggestion,duty,hope,idea,intention,plan,purpose,wayadvice,ambition,custom,challenge,business,desire,有时，根据表达的需要，在作表语的不定式前，还可添加疑问代词或疑问副词，包括what,who,how,when,where等。例如：Theproblemwashowtobegin.what引导的名词性从句DiscoverandFind③

Allhewantedwas_______________.他只想一个人待着。④

TheleastIcandotohelpis________________.我所能帮的最起码的事是借给她一辆车。

InfinitivesasthepredicativeTip2：当主语包含定语从句且其先行词为代词_____或者主语被___________________或形容词________修饰时，其后可接“系动词+不定式”作句子的表语。tobeleftalonetolendheracarallonly,first,one,least最高级DiscoverandFind

Infinitivesasthepredicative⑤Theregulationsare__________________.=Theregulationsmustbeobserved.⑥Youare_______________.=Youshouldberewarded.Tip3：动词不定式作表语可用于被动语态，相当于_______________________________，具有情态意义。tobeobservedtoberewardedcan/could,should,oughtto,mustDiscoverandFind

Infinitivesasthepredicative⑦Youmustbepatientandpersistentifyouare___________.(愿望)如果你想成功，你必须有耐心和恒心。⑧Youare_________aface-to-facetalkwiththem.(劝告)

你必须得和他们进行一次面对面的谈话。Tip4：动词不定式作表语可表示“____________________________________________________________”等。意愿、禁止、预期的结果tosucceedtohaveDiscoverandFind同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、愿望、

Infinitivesasthepredicative⑨Whois_____________thefire?

谁应为这场大火承担责任？⑩Thehouseis_________.

此房出租。Tip5：某些动词不定式(短语)作表语时，需用主动形式表示__________。toblamefortolet被动意义DiscoverandFind

Infinitivesasthepredicative1.我们需要做的就是怀有希望过好每一天。_____________________________________2.他们试图做的是引起公众关注。_____________________________________________3.晚上他做过的唯一的事是读报纸。________________________________________________动词不定式作表语省略to的情况Allweneedtodois

live

eachdaywithhope.Whattheyattemptedtodowas

draw

public

attention.In

the

evening

theonlythinghedidwas

read

the

newspaper.动词不定式(短语)作表语时，一般情况下不定式符号to不能省略，但当主句主语部分含有实义动词do的某种形式时，可省略作表语的动词不定式（短语）里的不定式符号to:

Practicetofinishtohavegonetomaketomaketoput

Infinitivesasthepredicative1.

动词不定式和v-ing作表语时，要注意与句子的主语在形式上保持一致，即若句子的主语为v-ing，则表语也应使用v-ing；若主语为动词不定式，则表语也应使用动词不定式。Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.动词不定式作表语和v-ing作表语的区别2.

动词不定式和v-ing作表语时可换用，但以下情况除外:(1)

当动词所表达的是某一特定的行为，尤其是将来的行为或有待于实现的行为时，通常用动词不定式作表语。Herbestwishistoputhernewideasintopractice.

Infinitivesasthepredicative动词不定式作表语和v-ing作表语的区别(2)

若动词所表达的并不强调动作，而是表示主语的内容，则通常用v-ing作表语。Myfavoritesportisswimming.WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.1.TheOlympicGames,___in776B.C.,didn’tincludewomenuntil1912.

A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobeplaying简析:首先,根据语法分析可知,待选部分是一个作定语、修饰TheOlympicGames的后置分词短语;再根据TheOlympicGames对于动词play来说只能是被动承受,且已完成(in776B.C.)。因此,该题应选C。2.What’sthelanguage___inGermany?A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak

简析:该题应选B。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句whichisspoken。3.Mostoftheartists____tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited

简析:该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,

等于定语从句whowereinvited。5.Thefirsttextbooks____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written

简析:该题应选D。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动,等于定语从句whichwerewritten。6.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied

简析:很显然,待选部分的逻辑主语是hishands,而不是句子的主语Themurderer,而hishands对于动词tie来说,只能是被动承受。因此,该题应选D。

另外,分词作状语时,如果其逻辑主语与整个句子的主语不一致时,需要独立主格结构或with复合结构来替代。(此时,也可把该分词看成介词的宾语补足语。)7.When_____ifshewouldrequestarise,theactresssaidthatmoneywasnotimportant.A.asked B.askingC.havingasked D.beingasked8.YesterdayIsawinthenewspaperateachingpost_____ataschoolclosetomyhomeandIwantedtoapplyforit.A.advertises B.advertisingC.advertised D.toadvertiseRewritethefollowingsentenceswiththepastparticipleasattributive.1.Let’strythebookstorethatwasopenedlastmonth.

Let’strythebookstoreopenedlastmonth.Nineoutoftenwomeninterviewedabouttheproductsaidtheylikedit.Yesterday,thePresidentwenttovisittheretiredworkers.2.Nineoutoftenwomenwhowereinterviewedabouttheproductsaidtheylikedit.3.Yesterday,thePresidentwenttovisittheworkerswhohadretired.4.Heworkedasaworkerbuildingroads.(主动)

=Heworkedasaworkerwho/thatbuiltroads.5.Thisisapicturepaintedbymyfather.(被动)=Thisisapicturewhichwaspaintedbymyfather.6.Iknowtheyoungmansleepingonthebench.(在进行)=Iknowtheyoungmanwhoissleepingonthebench.7.Thelettermailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.(已完成)=Theletterwhichwasmailedlastnightwillreachhimtomorrow.

Rewritethesesentencesasonesentenceusingthepastparticipleastheattributeorpredicative.1.Ifoundthisplateonthefloor.Theplatewasbrokeninpieces.Ifoundthisbrokenplateonthefloor.2.Isawatall,darkandhandsomeman.HisnameisXiaoMing.Isawatall,darkandhandsomemancalledXiaoMing.3.Ilookedatthatmodemabstract(抽象)painting.Itwascoloredinyellowsandgreens.Ilookedatthatmodemabstractpaintingcoloredinyellowsandgreens.4.YesterdayIgottheanswertomyquestionontheinternet.ItwastheoneIexpected.YesterdayIgottheexpectedanswertomyquestionontheinternet.5.Sheisoneofmyfriends.Sheisdevotedtomyinterests.Sheismyfrienddevo