名词性从句之宾语从句及表语从句课件

NounClauses名词性从句NounClauses1Learningaims:Knowsomethingaboutnounclauses.Knowhowtousetheobjectandthepredicative.Learningaims:Knowsomethinga2在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。什么是名词性从句?名词性从句主语从句(TheSubjectClause)宾语从句(TheObjectClause)表语从句(ThePredicativeClause)同位语从句(TheAppositiveClause)在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位3ConjunctionsofNounClauses(引导名词性从句的关联词):从属连词(不作成分）连接代词（作成分）连接副词（作状语）what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+everthat,whether,ifwhen,where,how,whyConjunctionsofNounClauses(引4ObjectClauses

宾语从句ObjectClauses

宾语从句5

Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语谓语宾语（简单句）主语谓语宾语从句连词从句主语从句谓语

主句（复合句）做宾语的句子叫做宾语从句，跟在及物动词或介词以及形容人的感觉的形容词后句子结构：主句+连词（引导词）+宾语从句。语序：陈述语序Iknowhim.主语谓语宾语（简6TheobjectclausesfoundinthetextOliverbelievesthatwithamillionpoundbanknoteamancouldsurviveamonthinLondon.Iwonder,Mr.Adams,ifyouwouldmindusaskingafewquestions.Mayweaskwhatyouaredoinginthiscountryandwhatyourplansare?Well,Ican’tsaythatIhaveanyplans.Hiseyesstareatwhatisleftofthebrothers’dinneronthetable.Ididn’tknowwhetherIcouldsurviveuntilmorning.Iamafraid(that)Idon’tquitefollowyou,sir.Theobjectclausesfoundinth78.Tellus,Mr.Adams,whatsortofworkdidyoudoinAmerican?9.Ifyoudon’tmind,mayIaskyouhowmuchmoneyyouhave?10.Ifthisisyourideaofsomekindofjoke,Idon’tthink(that)it’sveryfunny.11.Nowifyou‘llexcuseme,Ithink(that)I’llbeonmyway.12.Youmustn’tthink(that)wedon’tcareaboutyou.13.Weknow(that)youarehard-working.14.Whydon’tyouexplainwhatthisisallabout?8.Tellus,Mr.Adams,whatso8一、连词（引导词）1.that1)当宾语从句由连词that引导，由于that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。LinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.

Isee(that)it’stwoo’clock.Doyouthink(that)it’sgenuine?一、连词（引导词）LinTaofeels(that)92)宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：（1）当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，此时第一个that可以省略，第二个或第二个以后的that不可以省略。（2）当that在从句作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式宾语that引导的宾语从句中that不能省。Ibelieve(that)youhavedoneyourbestand

thatthingswillimprove.Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.2)宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：103)在主句为系动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句。I’msorry

(that)

Idon’tknow.We’resure

(that)

ourteamwillwin.I’mafraid

(that)

hewon’tpasstheexam.3)在主句为系动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,sur11当宾语从句是由一般疑问句变来时，由连词whether或if引导，“是否”，不能省略。(1).Lilywantedtoknow

hergrandmalikedthehandbag.(2).Let’ssee

wecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.(3).Sheaskedme

shecouldborrowthesebooks.2.Whether/ifif/whetherif/whetherif/whether当宾语从句是由一般疑问句变来时，由连词whether或if引121).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句但是：

a).当有ornot时就用whether,不用if.Idon’tknowwhetherornotIwillstay.

b).介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.注意whether和if的使用区别:1).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句但是：注意13Practicetimeif/whether

1.Iaskedher____________shehadabike.

2.We’reworriedabout_________heissafe.

3.Idon’tknow_________heiswellornot.

4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.

if/whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherPracticetimeif/whether

1.I143.当宾语从句是由疑问词（what,who,whom,which,whose

when,where,how,why等）引导，因为疑问词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略。Doyouknow------hesaidjustnow?Idon’tremember-------wearrived.Iaskedhim-------------------------

Icouldgetsomuchmoney.Pleasetellme--------------wewillsee.Doyouknow

timetheplaneleaves?whatwhenhow/when/why/wherewho\whomwhatwhen3.当宾语从句是由疑问词（what,who,whom,15Wethoughtit

strange

thatXiaoWangdidnotcomeyesterday.2.Hehasmadeit

clear

thathewillnotgivein.注意1：

it常可以放在动词think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作为形式宾语,真正的宾语-that从句则放在句尾.*________________________(我们觉得很奇怪)shedidn’tgotoschooltoday.Wethinkit

strange

thatWethoughtitstrangethatXia16注意2：在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则将主句谓语动词think等变为否定形式。

Idon’tthinkyouareright．Ithinkyouarenotright.

注意3：在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等动词以及I’mafraid等后，可用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，或用not代替一个否定的宾语从句。一Doyoubelieveitwillrain?一Ibelieveso.

Idon'tbelieveso.(或Ibelievenot.)（正确）注意2：在think,believe,suppose,17二、时态1.如果主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）。Iknowhe--------here.(live)Iknowhe--------heretenyearsago.(live)Ihaveheardthathe-------------tomorrow.(come)liveslivedwillcome二、时态Iknowhe--------here.182.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）Iknewwho---------here.(live)Isawshe---------------------hermother.(talk)Heaskedwhetherhisfather___________

tomorrow.(comeback)Hesaidthathe______it.(see)livedwastalkingwithhadseenwouldcomeback3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时。Theteachersaidthattheearth----------aroundthesun.（travel）travels2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么191.

Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.

Wedon'tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime

4.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABC1.

Theyoungmanasked_____i205.Couldyoushowme________?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howcouldIgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation6.Pleasetellme_______.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike7.Mysistertoldhim________.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD5.Couldyoushowme________21PredicativeClauses

表语从句PredicativeClauses

表22

表语从句PredictiveClauseThat引导的表语从句Wh-引导的表语从句3.Whether引导的表语从句3.Because引导的表语从句表语从句That引导的表语从23从属连词(不作成分）连接代词（作成分）连接副词（作状语）what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+everthat,whether,asif/asthoughwhen,where,how,why.because表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be,look,remain,seem表语从句从属连词连接代词连接副词what,who,whom,w24*Thequestioniswecanrelyonhim.*That’swewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.*That’swe’vegivenyoutheletter.*That’sIwaslate.*ThefactisIearnedmypassagebyworkingasanunpaidhand.*Helookedhewasgoingtocry.whetherbecauseasifwhythatwhy*Thequestionis251.that引导的表语从句

连接词that仅起连接作用，无意义，不作任何成分，通常不可省略。对主句主语的内容进一步解释。Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.Theproblemisthatwedon’thavemoney.名词性从句之宾语从句及表语从句ppt课件26

Tomisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.Thequestioniswhoshouldcomefirst.

That’swhereIcan’tagreewithyou.Thisiswhy

Sarawaslateforthemeeting.Thisishowtheyovercomethedifficulties.

2.

what,which,who,whom,whose，where,when,why,how引导的表语从句。（表语）（主语）（地点状语）（原因状语）（方式状语）Tomisnolongerwhatheused273.whether引导的表语从句

whether起连接作用，意为“是否、究竟、到底”，在句中也不作任何成分。（注意：if不能引导表语从句)

Thequestioniswhetherthemanwillturnupintime.3.whether引导的表语从句284.表示原因的几种表语从句：Thereasonisthat

youhaven’twrittentomeforalongtime.ThereasonwhyIwaslatewasthatImissedthetrain.3)Iwaslate.ThatwasbecauseImissedthetrain.4)Imissedthetrain,thiswaswhy

Iwaslate.

because…+原因That/This/Itis/waswhy…+结果定语从句4.表示原因的几种表语从句：3)Iwaslate.29注意：在表语从句中，表“是否”时，只能用“whether”不能用“if”。一般情况下，“that”不能省。It/This/Thatis/wasbecause….+原因It/This/Thatis/waswhy….+结果

3.Thereason(why…/for…)is/wasthat….4Thereasonisbecause/why…that….注意：在表语从句中，表“是否”时，只能用“wheth301.Thequestionis________wewillhaveoursportsmeetnextweek.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whether2．Thereasonwhyhefailedis________hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof3.Goandgetyourcoat.It’s________youleftitwhereB.thereC.therewhereD.wherethere1.Thequestionis__