南京航空航天大学外国语学院《620基础英语》历年考研真题及详解

2007年南京航空航天大学外国语学院620基础英语考研真题及详解Ⅰ.Vocabulary(20points)A.Directions:Thereare10incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.Besuretowritedownyourchoiceinthenumberedspaceontheanswersheet.(10points)1.MacDonaldsuddenlycouldn’tfindhisvoiceashehada____inthethroat.A.bumpB.chunkC.soreD.lump【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意，麦克唐纳因为哽咽而几乎不能说话。havealumpinthethroat意为“哽咽”。因此选D。2.“Thepoorgirlutteredanululatingsoundlikeabird.A.happyB.lamentableC.humorousD.queer【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意，那个可怜的女孩像鸟一样失声痛哭。happy快乐的，lamentable哀伤的，humorous幽默的，queer奇怪的。因此选B。3.TheAralisdisappearingbecauseitswaterhasbeen_____tosupplythegrowthofcottoninthedesert.A.divertedB.InvertedC.RevertedD.averted【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意，咸海因为水被使用于浇灌沙漠里的棉花而正在消失。divert转移，invert使反转，revert恢复，avert防止。因此选A。4.BargainingistheorderofthedayintheEasternbazaar.A.sequenceB.instructionC.commandD.practice【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意，讨价还价在中东集市的一天中是习以为常的。sequence顺序，instruction指示，command命令，practice实际。因此选D。5.Herdecisiontostudyabroad_____onherbeliefthattheoutsideworldiscolorful.A.restedB.basedC.countedD.focused【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意，她相信外面的世界是丰富多彩的，基于此她选择出国。reston休息，baseon基于，counton指望，focuson集中在。因此选B。6.Janehasbeenlikehis,chinonchest,eyesonground,feet_____shuffle,eversincethefirethatburnedtheotherhousetotheground.A.onB.offC.inD.from【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意，自从那次大火把房屋烧垮后，她一直是这个样子，下巴贴近胸口，眼盯着地面，走路拖着脚。介词in可用于表示处于某种状态之下，在此最为合适。因此选C。7.Fromthediscouragementofhisminingfailures,MarkTwainbegan____hiswaytoregionalfameasanewspaperreporterandhumorist.A.walkingB.runningC.pavingD.digging【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意，自从他失败之后，马克吐温便开始努力博取作为一名报社记者和幽默作家的地区性声望。digone’sway意为“崭露头角”。因此选D。8.Inrecentyearsthetrees_____tothecharcoalburnerandthebuilder.A.surrenderedB.gaveinC.yieldedD.succumbed【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意，近几年来，树木任凭烧炭人和建屋者砍伐。surrender投降，giveinto给，yieldto屈服，succumbedto屈服于。succumb有“被压垮，死”的意思，因此选D。9.Almosteveryoneatthepartywasstrangetohim,sohefeltmuch_____.A.initiatedB.inhibitedC.restrictedD.refrained【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意，他几乎不认识派对上任何一个人，因此他感到十分不自在。initiated启动，inhibited不自在的，restricted限制的，refrained避免。因此选B。10.Thisslope_____buildingsintheearlydaysandbydefaultbecameahalf-heartedpark.A.repelledB.expelledC.compelledD.dispelled【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意，在这个斜坡上面早期是不允许建筑的，因此就这样一直被荒废着。repel抵制，expel驱逐，compel强迫，dispel驱散。因此选A。B.Directions:Explaintheitalicizedwordsinthefollowingsentenceswithsimple,everydaywordsorexpressionsinEnglish.Besuretowritedownyourexplanationinthenumberedspaceontheanswersheet.(10points)1.Thewoodenframewarpedinthehumidity.【答案】twisted查看答案【解析】句意，木架结构因受潮而弯曲。warp缠绕。2.HurricaneDaisydevastatedeverythinginitsswath.【答案】destroy查看答案【解析】句意，飓风摧毁了它所及之处的所有东西。devastate破坏。3.Iawardthischampionshiponlyafterlaboriousresearchandincessantprayer.【答案】constant查看答案【解析】句意，我是在经过一番苦心探究和不断祈祷之后才授予其这顶桂冠的。incessant不停的。4.Itdidnotmakemefeelmelancholy.【答案】sad,depressed查看答案【解析】句意，这没有使我感到悲伤。melancholy悲哀。5.FalstaffisaninterestingcharacterinShakespeare’splayandthereisastrikingdiscrepancybetweenwhatheclaimedtobeandwhatheinrealitywas.【答案】difference查看答案【解析】句意，福斯塔夫是莎士比亚戏剧中一个很有趣的角色，而他本人实际上和他声称的样子有很大差别。discrepancy，差异。6.Iftherepairsweredonediscreetly,thedukeandtheduchesscouldgettheircarawaysafely.【答案】secretly查看答案【解析】句意，如果偷偷地进行修理，那么犯罪分子就可以很安全的开走他们的车。discreetly，小心地，暗自地。7.NovelistSalmanRushdie’sbookTheSatanicVersesangeredmanyMuslims,whoaccusedRushdieofblasphemy.【答案】insultingtheirsacredreligion查看答案【解析】句意，小说家萨尔曼鲁西迪的作品《撒旦诗篇》激怒了许多穆斯林，他们指控鲁西迪渎神。blasphemy亵渎。8.Awoman’smummifiedbodywasfoundinherhome2yearsaftershedied.【答案】thinandwithered查看答案【解析】句意，一个女人木乃伊似得尸体在她死后两年被在她的家中发现。mummified干瘪的，木乃伊状的。9.Keen,poignantagoniesseemedtoshootfromhisneckdownward.【答案】physicallypainful查看答案【解析】句意，强烈而痛苦的疼痛似乎从他的脖子直往下蔓延。poignant痛苦的。10.Thisisanirrevocabledecision.【答案】impossibletoretractorrevoke查看答案【解析】句意，这是个不可改变的决定。irrevocable不可反转的。Ⅱ.Cloze(20points)A.Fillineachofthefollowingblankswithasuitablewordinitsproperformandwritedowntherequiredwordinthenumberedspaceontheanswersheet.(10points)Ifreadingistoaccomplishanythingmorethanpassingtime,itmustbeactive.Youcan’tletyour(1)______glideacrossthelinesofabookand(2)______upwithanunderstandingofwhatyouhaveread.Nowanordinary(3)______oflightfictionlike,GonewiththeWind,(4)______requirethemostactivekindofreading.Thebooksyouhavereadfor(5)______canbereadinastateofrelaxation,and(6)______islost.Butagreatbookrich(7)______ideasandbeauty,(8)______bookthatraisesandtriestoanswergreatfundamental(9)______,demandsthemostactivereadingofwhichyouare(10)______.Ifwhenyou’vefinished(11)______abook,thepagesare(12)______withyournotes,youknowthatyouhaveread(13)______.But,youmayask(14)______iswritingnecessary?Well,thephysical(15)______ofwriting,withyourhand,bringswordsandsentences(16)______sharplybeforeyourmindandpreservesthembetterinyour(17)______.Tosetdownyour(18)______toimportantwordsandsentencesyouhaveread,andthequestionstheyhave(19)______inyourmind,istopreserve(20)______reactionsandsharpenthosequestions.【答案与解析】1.eye 根据前后文，glide有“滑动”的意思，在此处可以理解为“快速的划过”。而根据文意，能够快速划过书的只有眼睛，因此填e 根据句意，出现了对于书的理解，因此填come，组成comeupwith词组，意为“想到”。3.piece 根据前后文，此处是在描述一部作品，缺少量词，而可以与fiction搭配的量词为piece，因此填piece。4.doesn’t 根据前文可知《飘》是一本轻小说，而下一句中作者又提到relaxation可以看出，此处作者认为不需要最活跃的阅读方式。因此填doesn’t。5.pleasure 根据文意，作者是在描述读轻小说所带来的感受，不需要十分活跃的读书方式，因此读这种书只是休闲，可以推断出读这种书是为了娱乐，因此填pleasure。6.nothing 根据文意，既然是休闲娱乐就不会有什么东西失去，所以填nothing。7.in 根据句意，greatbook即为“好书”，而此处对好书的定义则是富于思想和美。berichin意为“在某方面很丰富”，因此填in。8.a 根据前文，此处是在讨论一本书，因此填a。9.questions 根据句子结构此处缺少一个宾语，而与answer最合适的搭配即为questions，因此填questions。10.capable 根据句意，这种书要求你用最积极的读书方式，而这种读书方式一定要是你可以用的，因此填capable。becapableof意为“能够”。11.reading 根据文意，此处是在说读完一本书，finishdoing意为“完成某事”，因此填reading。12.filled 根据文意，此处是在描述一本读完的书和笔记之间的关系，联想到作者所推崇的积极的读书方法，不难推断出读过的书上的笔记应是很多的，因此填filled。13.actively 前后文相对照后会发现此处作者是在描述积极的读书方法，因此填actively。14.why 根据句意，本句意为“你可能会问为什么写东西是必须的。”因此填why。15.act 根据句意，此处是在描述写字这个动作，所以要填act，意为“行动”。16.more 句中sharply意为“鲜明地”，而此处是在描述书写的好处，亲手书写的动作会使词语和句子更加鲜明地呈现在人的脑海里，因此填more去修饰sharply。17.memory 根据句意，能够保存所看过的书的东西只有记忆，因此填memory。18.reaction 根据前后文，作者此处是在描述所写笔记的内容，其中包括了人对于书中字句的反应，因此填reaction。19.raised 根据句意，此处描述的应是人对于书中内容所提出的问题，因此填raise。20.those 根据句意可知此处是在做一个小总结，而reactions则是复数，所以此处应填those。B.Fillineachblankwithaproperwordfromthefollowingbox.Changeitsformifnecessaryandwritedowntherequiredwordinthenumberedspaceontheanswersheet.(10points)Sciencefictionisatypeoffictionthatisbasedoneitheractualorimagineddiscoveriesofscience.Itis(1)______fromotherformsoffantasyinwhichtheeventsaresupernaturalor(2)______implausibleinscientificterms.(3)______theusualsubjectsofsciencefiction(4)______travelinspaceortime,robotsandmechanicalbrains,physicalormentalchangesinmanbrought(5)______byevolution,catastrophe,orscience,mentaltelepathyand(6)______formsofextrasensoryperception,andinvasionoftheearthfromother(7)______.Often,thepredictionsofsciencefictionhavecome(8)______,especiallythoseconcerninginventionssuchasthemechanicalbrain,spaceships,(9)______television.Manysciencefictionstorieshavephilosophicalandsociological(10)______.Elementsofsciencefictioncanbefoundthroughoutliterature,(11)______inmyths,legends,andfairytales.(12)______,truesciencefictionoriginatedinthe19thcentury.Instoriesas(13)______byJulesVerne,IIGWells,thebasicsciencefiction(14)______,suchastravelinspace(15)______time,wereestablished.Sciencefictionwasfirstrecognized(16)______aseparatebranchofliteraturein1926,(17)______HugoGernsbackstartedpublicationofAmazingStories,theearliestmagazinetobe(18)______tothistypeofliteratureIn(19)______1930sand1940s,someauthorsadaptedthesciencefictionforminordertocriticize(20)______tendenciesinmodernsociety.【答案与解析】1.distinguished 根据句子结构判断此处缺少与from相搭配的动词，而根据句意，是从多种想象作品中区别出来的，因此填distinguished。2.otherwise 根据句意此处是在描述这种作品的特点。orotherwise意为其他方面的。因此填otherwise。3.Among 根据前后文可以判断这句话是在描述这种作品的内容，而根据句子结构此处缺少介词，又根据空后的subjects可以判断出填among。4.are 根据句子结构判断此处缺少动词，而根据句意，后文是在对作品主要内容进行描述，因此填are。5.about 根据句子结构此处缺少一个与bring相搭配的介词。bringabout意为“引起”，因此填about。6.other 根据句意，此处是在做一个列举，而这部分是对剩下的比较少的一部分做的一个小总结，因此空后出现了forms，所以填other。7.planets 根据文意，这是科幻小说，而此句中又提到了地球，因此不难判断作者是在描述其他星球对地球的进攻，因此填planets。8.true 根据前后文，作者是在描述一些成真了的预言，因此填etrue意为“成真”。9.and 根据句子结构，此处是一个列举的最后一项，英文中需要在最后一项前加and。所以填and。10.implications 根据前文，作者是在说科幻作品当中出现的预言，可以看出这是科学家们在某种层面上的暗示，因此填implications。11.notably 根据句子结构可以判断出此处缺少一个副词，而根据句意，作者是在描述各种文学当中科幻的元素，因此填notably，意为“显著地”。12.However 前句在讲各种文学作品中科幻的元素，而后句却在讲真正的科幻作品，可以看出此处是一个转折，因此填However。13.written 根据句意可知此处是在列举各种科幻故事，而后文中又提到了各种作者，可以判断出此处应填written。14.themes 根据句子结构，此处缺少一个与establish相搭配的主语，而根据suchas当中出现的科幻小说常见的主题可以判断出此处填themes。15.or 根据句子结构判断出此处缺少一个连词，而根据句意，是指时间穿梭和空间穿梭，因此填or。16.as 根据句意，科幻小说是1926年第一次作为一个文学的独立分枝出现，因此填as。17.when 根据句子结构可以判断出此处是一个定语从句，而根据前文中提到的时间可以判断出，这是一个由when引导的定语从句。因此填when。18.devoted 根据句意，此处在介绍一本杂志，而这本杂志是最早专门为了这类文学作品出现的杂志，因此填devoted。devoteto意为“把……用于”。19.the 此处特指1930s和1940s，因此要填the。20.certain 根据句意，此处可以理解为是在批判现代社会某些趋势，因此填certain。Ⅲ.Errorcorrection(20points)Directions:Therearetwentymistakesinthefollowingpassage.Youarerequiredtounderlineormarkthemistakesandgotthemcorrected.Besuretowritedownthecorrectforminthenumberedspaceontheanswersheet.【答案与解析】1.将carefully改为careful（careful在此处作形容词，用来修饰reading，因此改为careful。）2.将which改为whose（此处定语从句的本意是指审查者的技术和判断可以被他信任，因此要改为whose。）3.将read改为reading（while一般用来表示正在进行的动作的并列，因此改为reading。）4.将a改为the（此处是特指符合前文描写的年轻的科学家，因此改为the。）5.将on改为in（此处是指青年科学家切莫太过推崇这些出版物。placeon意为“将……强加于……”，在此用法不合适，应将on改为in。placesth.insp.将……放置在……）6.将never改为ever（此处句意为“没有一个伟大的科学家曾经…”而不是“没有一个伟大的科学家从来没有…”，因此将never改为ever。）7.将reproduced改为reproducing（此处reproduce和它所搭配的主语pupils之间是主动关系，而非被动关系，因此要改为reproducing。）8.将that改为what（此处what在从句中做宾语，这种情况下不可以使用that，因此填what。）9.在proceed后加with（proceedwith意为“入手，着手”，符合前文中提到的“与最开始做什么并列”这样的含义，因此要加with。）10.将it改为they（此处指代的是最开始的观察和实验，而他们都是复数形式，因此要改为they。）11.将literatures改为literature（literature没有复数形式。）12.将studied改为studying（此处是指科学家正在做研究，而不是科学家们正在被人研究，因此不能使用过去分词形式，要改为studying。）13.将other改为another（other多指两者之中另外一个，而此处只是指“另外的”，因此改为another。）14.将craftsman改为craftsmen（根据文中的all可以判断出有许多工匠，而非一个，因此要改为craftsmen。）15.将one改为any（此处是指“任何一个”而非是指单独的某一个，因此要用any而非one。）16.将back改为down（lookdownupon为固定搭配，意为“轻视”。）17.将differ改为differs（information为不可数名词，因此与其搭配的动词differ要使用单数第三人称形式，改为differs。）18.将which改为that（此句为原因状语从句，inthat固定搭配，意为“原因在于，因为”。而inwhich没有此用法。因此将which改为that。）19.将complete改为completely（此处completely作为副词修饰unscientific，因此改为completely。）20.在that后加if（根据句意可以判断出，此处是一个条件状语从句，因此要在that后加上if。）Ⅳ.Paraphrase(20points)Directions:RestatethefollowingsentencesinanotherforminEnglishtoclarifythemeaning.Besuretowritedownyourrestatementinthenumberedspaceontheanswersheet1.Soldatthebazaararegoodsofeveryconceivablekind.【答案】Goodsofeverykindyoucanthinkofaresoldatthemarket.查看答案2.Theprospectsofagoodcatchlookedbleak.【答案】Itisnotatallpossibletocatchalargeamountoffish.查看答案3.IwantmyfillofbeautybeforeIgo.【答案】Iwanttoenjoybeautytomyheart’scontent/toenjoyasmuchasIcanbeforeIdie.查看答案4.Theyarebentontakingthelion’sshareofthetrade.【答案】Theyaredeterminedtomakethegreatestprofitfromthetrade.查看答案5.Thegirl’sattendancehadalwaysbeensporadicandherinterestinschoolworknegligible.【答案】Thegirloftenmissedherclassesandhadlittleinterestinherschoolwork.查看答案6.Alllanguagesaredynamicratherthanstatic.【答案】Alllanguagesareinaprocessofconstantchange.Nothing(includingpronunciation,vocabularyandgrammar)remainsthesame.查看答案7.Thelawyermoppedhisbalddomeinsilence.【答案】Thelawyerwipedthesweatoffhisbaldheadinsilence.查看答案8.Heflirtedwiththecolossalwealthandwasrebuffed.【答案】Hetriedbutnotveryhardorpersistentlyenoughtogettheenormouswealth,butwasrejectedbluntly.查看答案9.Noonehasanyideawheretheconversationwillgoasitmeandersorleapsandsparklesorjustglows.【答案】Nooneknowstheconversationwillgooncestartedasitflowslikeastreampeacefullyandaimlesslyorswiftlyandjoyouslyonwards,orlikefireburnssteadilywithoutflameorbrightlythrowingoffsparks.查看答案10.Theobesebodyshookinanappreciativechuckle.【答案】Thefatmanlaughedquietlytohimself,appreciatingthefactthattheopponentsarenofool.查看答案Ⅴ.GeneralKnowledge(20points)a.Directions:Choosethebesttofillintheblankoranswerthequestion.(10points)1.Thestudyofmeaningofwords,phrasesandsentencesiscalled_____.A.semanticsB.semioticsC.syntacticsD.tactics【答案】A查看答案【解析】semantics语义学，研究自然语言中词语意义的学科。因此选A。2.WhereisEdinburgh?A.InWalesB.InIrelandCInNorthernIrelandD.Scotland【答案】D查看答案【解析】爱丁堡是英国著名的文化古城、苏格兰首府。因此选D。3.WhichofthefollowingisNotaBritishnewsandcablenetwork?A.ABCB.BSkyBC.BRSMediaD.BBC【答案】A查看答案【解析】ABC全称为“AustralianBroadcastingCorporation”，指的是澳大利亚广播公司。因此选A。4.WhoisNOTaromanticistpoet?A.SamuelTaylorColeridgeB.RobertSoutheyC.RobertBurnsD.WilliamWordsworth【答案】C查看答案【解析】塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔律治（SamuelTaylorColeridge），罗伯特·骚塞（RobertSouthey），华兹华斯（WilliamWordsworth）均为浪漫主义诗人。因此答案选C项。5.TheEmancipationProclamationwasanexecutivedecreebyU.S.President_____duringthecountry’sCivilWar.A.ThomasJeffersonB.JohnAdamsC.GeorgeWashingtonD.AbrahamLincoln【答案】D查看答案【解析】CivilWar指美国南北战争，而在南北战争期间美国总统为林肯，因此选D。TheEmancipationProclamation是《解放黑奴宣言》。6.JaneAustenisthewriterof_____.A.SenseandSensibilityB.VanityFairC.WutheringHeightsD.TessoftheD’Urbervilles【答案】A查看答案【解析】《理智与情感》是英国作家简奥斯汀的长篇小说。因此选A。7.TheThanksgivingfeasttakesplaceon_____.A.thefourthThursdayofOctoberB.thefourthThursdayofNovemberC.thefirstThursdayofOctoberD.thefirstThursdayofNovember【答案】B查看答案【解析】感恩节是每个十一月的第四个周四。因此选B。8WhichofthefollowingiswrittenbyN.Chomsky?A.AnIntroductiontoFunctionalGrammarB.CourseinGeneralLinguisticsC.SyntacticStructuresD.SchoolsofLinguistics【答案】C查看答案【解析】《句法结构》是乔姆斯基的著作。因此选C。9.JohnSteinbeckisanAmerican_____.A.poetB.playwrightC.novelistD.shortstorywriter【答案】C查看答案【解析】约翰斯坦贝克是20世纪美国最具影响力的小说家之一。因此选C。10.TheUN’seighthsecretarygeneral,tosucceedKofiAnnanis_____.A.SouthKoreanForeignMinsterRanKi-MoonB.LatvianPresidentVike-FreibergaC.formerPolishPresidentAlexanderKwasniewskiD.Thailand’sDeputyPrimeMinisterSurakiartSathirathai【答案】A查看答案【解析】联合国第八任秘书长为潘基文，韩国人。因此选A。b.Directions:CandidatesareFREEtochooseanyfivefromthefollowingtentermsandexplaintheminplainEnglishontheanswersheet(10points)1.vowel【答案】It’saspeechsoundinwhichairstreamfromthelungsisnotblockedinanywayinthemouthorthroat,andwhichisusuallypronouncedwithvibrationofthevocalcords.查看答案2.universalgrammar【答案】It’satheorywhichclaimstoaccountforthegrammaticalcompetenceofeveryadultnativespeakerUGclaimsthateveryspeakerknowsasetofprincipleswhichapplytoalllanguagesandalsoasetofparametersthatcanvaryfromlanguagetolanguagewithincertainlimits.查看答案3.allomorph【答案】Itreferstoanyofthedifferentformsofamorpheme.TheEnglishpluralmorphemeisoftenshowninwritingbyadding-stotheendofawordlikecats,dogs,andclasses,whicharepronounced/s/,/z/and/iz/respectivelyandhavethesamegrammaticalfunctionofshowingplural.查看答案4.sentence【答案】Itisthelargestunitofgrammaticalorganizationwithinwhichpartsofspeechandgrammaticalclassesaresaidtofunction.InEnglishasentencenormallycontainsoneindependentclausewithafiniteverb.查看答案5.generativesemantics【答案】It’sanapproachtolinguistictheorywhichgrewasareactiontoChomsky’ssyntactic-basedTG.Itconsidersthatallsentencesaregeneratedfromasemanticstructure,whichisoftenexpressedintheformofapropositionwhichissimilartologicalpropositionsinphilosophy.查看答案6.characterization【答案】Themethodawriterusestorevealthepersonalityofacharacterinaliterarywork:Methodsmayinclude(1)bywhatthecharactersaysabouthimselforherself;(2)bywhatothersrevealaboutthecharacter:and(3)bythecharacter’sownactions.查看答案7.freeverse【答案】UnrhymedPoetrywithlinesofvaryinglengths,andcontainingnospecificmetricalpattern.查看答案8.comedy【答案】Aliteraryworkwhichisamusingandendshappily.查看答案9.iamb【答案】Ametricalpatternofoneunstressedsyllablefollowedbyonestressedsyllabic.查看答案10.lyricpoem【答案】Ashortpoemwhereinthepoetexpressesanemotionorilluminatessomelifeprinciple.查看答案Ⅵ.ReadingComprehension(50points)Directions:Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswersmarked[A],[B],[C]or[D].Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.Besuretowritedownyourchoiceinthenumberedspaceontheanswersheet.PassageAPresidentRoosevelt’sadministrationsufferedadevastatingdefeatwhen,onJanuary6,1936,theAgriculturalAdjustmentActwasdeclaredunconstitutional.NewDealplannersquicklypushedthroughCongresstheSoilConservationandDomesticAllotmentActof1935,onepurposeofwhichwasconservation,butwhichalsoaimedatcontrollingsurplusesbyretiringlandfromproduction.Thelawwasintendedasastopgapmeasureuntiltheadministrationcouldformulateapermanentfarmprogramthatwouldsatisfythenation’sfarmersaswellastheSupremeCourt.Roosevelt’slandslidevictoryoverLandonin1936obscuredtheambivalentnatureofhissupportinthefarmstates.Despiteextensivegovernmentpropaganda,manyfarmersstillrefusedtoparticipateintheAgriculturalAdjustmentAdministration’svoluntaryproductioncontrolprograms,andtheburdensomesurplusesof1933weregone—nottheresultoftheAAA,butaconsequenceofgreatdroughts.InFebruaryof1937,SecretaryofAgricultureWallaceconvenedameetingoffarmleaderstopromotetheconceptoftheever-normalgranary,apolicywhichwouldencouragefarmerstostorecropsurpluses(ratherthandumpthemonthemarket)untilyearsofsmallharvests.TheCommodityCreditCorporationwouldgrantloanstoberepaidwhenthegrainwaslatersoldforareasonableprofit.TheconferencechoseaCommitteeofEighteenwhichdraftedabill,butthemajorformorganizationsweredivided.SincetenoftheeighteenmemberswerealsomembersoftheAmericanFarmBureauFederation,themeasurewasquicklylabeledaFarmBureaubill,andtherewereprotestsfromthesmall,buthighlyvocal.Farmer’sHolidayAssociation.Whendebateonthebillbegan,Roosevelthimselfwasvagueandelusiveanddidn’tmovetheproposedlegislationintothe“desirable”categoryuntilmidsummer.Inaddition,thereweredemandsthattheNewDeal’sdeficitspendingbecurtailed,andopponentsofthebillchargedthattheAAAwaswastefulandprimarilybenefitedcorporationsandlarge-scalefarmersTheSoilConservationandDomesticAllotmentActhadfailedtolimitagriculturalproductionastheadministrationhadhoped,Farmpriceswerehighandsowasconsumerdemand.Manyfarmers,convincedthatthedroughthadendedtheneedforcropcontrols,refusedtoparticipateintheAAA’ssoilconservationprogram.Withoutdirectcropcontrols,agriculturalproductionskyrocketedinI937,andbylatesummer,therewaspanicinthefarmbeltthatpriceswouldagainbedrivendowntodisastrouslylowlevels.CongressmenbegantopressureRoosevelttoplaceafloorunderfarmpricesbymakingloansthroughtheCCC,butRooseveltmadesuchloanscontingentuponthewillingnessofCongresstosupporttheadministration’splanforanewsystemofcropcontrols.Whenthepriceofcottonbegantodrop,Roosevelt’sadroitpoliticalmaneuverfinallyforcedCongressionalrepresentativesfromtheSouthtoagreetosupportabillprovidingforcropcontrolsandtheever-normalgranary.ThefollowingyearCongresspassedtheAgriculturalAdjustmentActof1938.1.Theprimaryproposeofthepassageisto_____.A.analyzetheconnectionbetweenchangesinweatherconditionsandthemovementofagriculturalpricesB.callattentiontotheeconomichardshipsufferedbyfarmersduringthe1930sC.discussthereasoningthatledtheSupremeCourttodeclaretheAgriculturalAdjustmentActof1933unconstitutionalD.describetheeventsthatledtothepassageoftheAgriculturalAdjustmentActof19382.WhichofthefollowingisNOTastatementmadebytheauthorabouttheSoilConservationandDomesticAllotmentAct?A.ItwasdraftedprimarilybytheFarmBureauB.ItaimedatreducingagriculturalproductionC.ItaimedatsoilconservationD.Itwaslargelyineffective3.Accordingtothepassage,theRooseveltadministrationwantedagriculturallegislationwithallofthefollowingcharacteristicsEXCEPT_____.A.ItwouldnotbedeclaredunconstitutionalbytheSupremeCourtB.Itwouldbeacceptabletothenation’sfarmersC.ItwoulddismantletheAgriculturalAdjustmentAdministrationD.Itwouldprovideloanstohelpfarmersstoresurplusgrain4.Thepassageprovidesinformationthatwouldhelpanswerwhichofthefollowingquestions?I.WhowasSecretaryofAgricultureduringRoosevelt’ssecondterm?II.WhowasRoosevelt’smajoropponentinthe1936Presidentialelection?III.WhowasPresidentoftheAmericanFarmBureauFederationin1937?A.IonlyB.IIonlyC.IandIID.IandIII【答案与解析】1.D 本文从开始就在讲《农业调整法》产生之前的情况，以及《农业调整法》最终是如何诞生的。因此选D。2.A 根据原文“onepurposeofwhichwasconservation,butwhichalsoaimedatcontrollingsurplusesbyretiringlandfromproduction.”可知《土壤保护和家庭分配法》是关于土壤保护，减少产量的。根据后文提到的“stopgapmeasure”可以判断出这部法律效果一般，因此选A。3.C 根据文章第一句可知，被判违宪这件事使得罗斯福政府非常艰难，因此不选A；根据第一段中提到的农民和最高法院对一份永久的农业政策感到满意可判断出不选B；根据第二段中提到的“apolicywhichwouldencouragefarmerstostorecropsurpluses”可知政府鼓励农民去储存剩余的粮食，因此不选D。综上，此题选C。4.C 文章第一段的前两句可以回答问题Ⅰ，而第二段的第一句可以回答问题Ⅱ，因此选C。PassageBDisraeliwasassparklingaletter-writerashewasanovelist.Hislettersshowthathiscapacitytoobservewasmatchedonlybyhisabilitytodescribe,andtheyareenlivenedbyhisover-developedsenseofself-dramatizationaswellasbyhisabidingsenseofthegreatnessofhisowndestiny.Heflitsthroughthesepageslikesomegorgeousbirdofparadise,spreadinghismulticoloredfeathersandneverpausinglongenoughtobecomeboring.Asearlyas1830,whenonly26,heisfoundadvisingBenjaminAustintocarefullyconservehaslettersforposterity.FortunatelyAustinandothersfollowedhiscounsel.Asaresultover10,000lettersinhisownhandhavesurvived,quiteapartfromdictatedmissivesandothermemoranda.Disraelirarelykeptadiary,andpouredhisthoughts,desiresandreflectionsintohiscorrespondenceWhattreasurestherelieinstore!Weleavehimin1837withhislonged-forelectiontoParliament.,butaheadloomthehighpeaksofhiscareerwiththetwinmountainsofhistwopremiershipsandhisfriendshipwiththeQueen,LordEshermaintainedthatthelettersbetweenDisraeliandQueenVictoriahadlargelybeendestroyed,butthiswasnotso.Anew,brightandsearchinglightwilleventuallyshineonthatextraordinarypoliticalandromanticrelationship.5.Thispassageappearstobewrittenby_____.A.afriendofDisraeli’sB.acontemporaryofDisraeli’s.C.aliterarycriticD.anautobiographer6.“...hiscapacitytoobservewasmatchedonlybyhisabilitytodescribe...”means_____.A.hewasasaccomplishedanobserverashewasadescriptivewriterB.hiscapacitytoobserveandhisabilitytodescribewereunrivalledC.hewascapableofadaptingdescriptionstofithisobservationsD.hisobservationsanddescriptionsreflectedhisownpersonalambitions7.Duringhislifetime,Disraelipursuedthecareerof_____.A.acorrespondentB.apoliticianC.novelistD.aconsultant8.EvenasayoungmanDisraelirealizedthatonedayhisleaderswouldbe_____.A.antiquatedB.well-connectedC.destroyedD.widelyread9.Disraeli’stwopremiershipsandhisfriendshipwiththeQueenaredescribedasbeing_____.A.hurdlestosurmountB.unsurmountableobstaclesC.pinnaclesofsuccessD.impossiblechallenges【答案与解析】5.C 文章描述了Disraeli的一些生平，陈述了作者对于Disraeli文学造诣的看法，因此可以判断出这是一篇由文学评论家写的文章。因此选C。6.A 这句话本意为“他观察的能力与他描述的能力不相上下”，是在指他不仅是一个好的观察者，更是一个出色的描述者。因此选A。7.B 根据最后一段可知Disraeli是一位参加过选举的政治家。因此选B。8.D 根据第二段中提到，他向友人提到要保存信件可以判断出，他对自己的作品会被广泛阅读早有准备，因此选D。9.C 根据原文中提到的“highpeaks”意为“最高点”可以判断出选C。PassageCIwas22yearsoldwhenIwasfinallyreceivedintotheChurch,butIstillsufferedfromadolescent’ssuffocatingdesiretofindacceptance.Whateverthereasonsthatbroughtmein—loveofpoetryandrhetoric—senseofhistory,cosmicdistressandindignation—somehowIfeltthatsomeofMotherChurch’sancientglamourmightruboffonmeandthatlmightsomehowbetransformedbyitandbecomepartofitsmystery.Ofcoursethat’snotthewayitworksatall.Ibelievenowthatgracegrowsfromwithin,slowbutverysure.Shortlyafterbecomingabarrister,whenIwas27,inamomentofhighhopeandidealismandmakingcommoncausewiththemanIhadrecentlymarried,wefoughttoabolishthedeathpenalty.Allbutasmallcircleoffriends,whomIshallhonorforever,fellawayProfessionaldoorsslammed.WewenttoliveontheGreekislandofMikonos.Itisastrange,haunted,paganplace,treeless.FromtherootofourhouseatVrisiwecouldseesevenislandsinsummerbaskinglikedolphins,encirclingthewhitewashedpigeonhousewherewemadeourhome.Atthetinychurchwemadeacongregationoffive,Josephthetailor,myhusbandandIandanotherEnglishcouple.Wewenttoenjoyeachother’scompanyasmuchastohavethepleasureofhearingtheservice.Ifthepriestdidn’tcome—asheoftencouldn’twhenthewindblewatForceNine—itdidn’tparticularlymatter.Westayedontohaveadrinkunderthetamarisktreesandwatchthesunset.Yearslater,Iwentbacktothatislandwithmytwosons.Theyhadbeensad,shadowedyears,separationfrommyhusbandandfinallydivorce,alienationfromtheChurch,frommyprofession,frommyfriends.Thehardknockshadputpaidtomyromantic,snobbishself.Mikonositselfhadchanged,notforthebetter:ithadchanged,frommyvillageintoacitywhereIknewonlyonepersoninahundred.ThechurchatAlefantarahadchangedtoo.Itwaspackedwithamulti-racialcongr