武汉科技大学外国语学院《357英语翻译基础》专业硕士历年考研真题及详解

2015年武汉科技大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解PartOnePhraseTranslation(30points)Directions:Thispartconsistsoftwosections.Inthefollowingtwosectionsyouaresupposedtotranslate30technicalterms,abbreviationsorpropernames,eitherfromEnglishtoChineseorfromChinesetoEnglish,within60minutes.SectionA EnglishtoChinese(15points)1)FTA【答案】自贸协定查看答案2)RichardNixon【答案】理查德·尼克松查看答案3)FIFA【答案】国际足球联合会查看答案4)TheInquisitioninSpain【答案】西班牙宗教法庭查看答案5)ISO【答案】国际标准化组织查看答案6)Photovoltaiceffect【答案】光伏效应查看答案7)MatteoRicci【答案】利玛窦查看答案8)TheChineseAcademyofScience【答案】中国科学院查看答案9)remoteaccess【答案】远程访问查看答案10)machinetools【答案】机床查看答案11)comfortsandconveniencesofhome【答案】家一样的舒适条件和便利设施查看答案12)lowtemperaturesuperconductingmagnet【答案】低温超导磁铁查看答案13)mentallydeficientpeople【答案】智障人士查看答案14)prefabricatedunits【答案】预制构件查看答案15)Hypertexttransportprotocol【答案】超文本传输协议查看答案SectionB ChinesetoEnglish(15points)16)澳门特别行政区【答案】theMacaoSpecialAdministrativeRegion查看答案17)治理水土流失【答案】bringsoilerosionundercontrol查看答案18)工商行政管理总局【答案】GeneralBureauofIndustrialandCommercialAdministration查看答案19)空中交通管制【答案】airtrafficcontrol查看答案20)中华全国总工会【答案】All-ChinaFederationofTradeUnions查看答案21)农村义务教育【答案】ruralcompulsoryeducation查看答案22)银行转账【答案】banktransfer查看答案23)省会城市【答案】provincialcapital查看答案24)安理会【答案】SecurityCouncil查看答案25)中国建设银行【答案】ChinaConstructionBank查看答案26)改善民生【答案】improvepeople’swell-being查看答案27)商务印书馆【答案】CommercialPress查看答案28)城际列车【答案】inter-citytrains查看答案29)公交卡【答案】publictransportcard查看答案30)节能减排【答案】energyconservationandemissionsreductions查看答案PartTwoPassageTranslation(120points)Directions:Thispartconsistsoftwosections.InthefollowingtwosectionsyouaresupposedtotranslateoneEnglishpassageintoChineseandoneChinesepassageintoEnglishwithin120minutes.SectionA EnglishtoChinese(60points)Chinatolaunch3-Dbusthatcanseatover1,000passengersBritishmediahaverecentlyreportedonChina’snewlyproposed“3-Dbus”,believingthatitslaunchingwillhelpalleviatetrafficjamsfacingmanyaChinesecity.Thevehicleisexpectedtoseatabout1400passengersandisonly1/10thecostofundergroundrailway.Itsdesigner,aShenzhen-basedcompany,isreportedlybeingnegotiatingwiththedistrictgovernmentofMentougou,asatellitetownofBeijing,onmakingtheareaanationaldemonstrationbase.Thenewvehiclewillrollat60-80km/h,almostthreetimesfasterthanordinarybuses.Itsmosteye-catchingfeature,however,isthatitallowscarstorunbeneathit,providedthattheirheightdoesnotexceedthe2-meterlimit.AccordingtoSongYouzhou,generalmanagerofthecompany,thedailypassengercapacityofthetransportermaywellmatchthatoftheundergroundrailwayatadramaticallyreducedcost.Moreover,thenewconcepttransporterissolar-poweredandcapableofemergencybraking.Whencarsbeneathitgettooclosetotherailsonwhichthetransportruns,awarningwillbetriggeredoffforothervehiclestorespondintime.Althoughuseofthetransportermightreducetrafficjamsby20-30%,its4.5meterheightmakesitssafepassagethroughbridgesandtunnelsarealproblem.This,accordingtoMr.Song,canbesolvedbyloweringtheleveloftheroadsurface.（236words）【参考译文】中国设计的立体巴士投入使用可坐千人英国媒体尽日对中国新型立体巴士进行了报道，认为新型巴士的投产将有利于改善中国很多大城市拥堵的交通情况，同时它承载的人数大约在1400人左右，而成本只有地铁的十分之一。据悉，设计这款新型巴士的是深圳一家公司，这家公司目前在和门头沟政府协商相关事宜，这意味着门头沟将成为全国的示范基地。这种新型巴士行驶的速度在60-80公立，这比普通公交巴士的时速要快了近三倍。它最大的特点是其他的小型车辆可以在它的下方行驶，只要高度不超过2米就可以。来自这家公司的老总宋有洲说。而一旦投入运营，它的日载客规模并不亚于地铁，但成本要比地铁节省很多。另外，这款巴士是以太阳能为运行动力，同时具有紧急刹车的功能，如果下面的小轿车靠近了巴士行驶的轨道会自动发出报警，使得前方的车辆能够及时做出反应。虽然这款新型巴士可以减少20%-30%的路面拥堵情况，但是这种巴士的高度在4.5米左右，它如何通过一些桥梁建筑或者地下通道将成为疑问。对此宋有洲表示道，这需要具体情况具体分析，只要将路面下陷就可以解决这一难题。SectionB ChinesetoEnglish(60points)念书与读书到学校生活，像打一场仗，参与者身上装的，是各种掠夺分数的锦囊。考关一过，不管分数到手与否，一律把生吞活剥的知识忘掉。这种心态，书，真是用来念的，念过便算数，不必消化，更不必用心。会考结束那天，小女孩那帮人欢呼：可以把书丢掉啦！是典型的念书力证。把这种现象归于念书旗下，可捡来“小和尚念经，有口没心”一句撑腰，解释比较圆满。投入心思，广为涉猎，类比归纳、消化分析书中材料，不以分数为终极，才具备“读书”的起码要求。读书以兴趣出发，以诚意相许，读书只有歇脚小站，没有终点。读书是长途旅行，是开拓心灵的漫长陶冶过程；念书是短程旅游，是满足文凭欲望的虚幻纸笔战争。读书是春风化雨，修得一身气质，终身受用；念书是糊涂度日，走一段世俗小路，荒凉而乏善可陈。天底下念书的人多，读书者少。因为读书需要跋涉，讲究兴趣与耐力，缺一不可。【参考译文】TwoWaysofReadingSchoollifecanbelikenedtoabattleinwhichalltheparticipantsareequippedwithbagsofschemestoachievegoodresultsinexaminations.Assoonasthesessionisover,theythrowintooblivionallthattheyhavemechanicallymemorizedbeforetheyknowwhatgradestheyaregiven.Thismentalstateshowsclearlythatbooksaremeanttoberecited,nomorenoless.Themomenttheirpurposeisservedtheyaredoneawaywith.Nobodybotherstopayanyattentiontotheircontents,letalonedigestthem.Don’tyouseehowjoyfulthosegirlsarewhentheycelebratetheendofexaminationsbythrowingawaytheirbooks?Itisthestrongestproofthatreadingisdonemerelybyrote.Alsothepopularsaying:“Anovicechantsscriptures—hemoveshismouthwithouttroublinghismind.”Nothingelseillustratesthepointmoresatisfactorily.Ontheotherhand,intelligentreadingneveraimsatexaminationresults.Itrequiresdevotion—onehastodevotetimeandenergiestoextensivereadingfromwhichtodrawusefulmaterials.Thenproceedfromcomparisonandanalysistoassimilation.Readingthiswayispromptedbyinterestanddoneinearnestness.Theremaybestopoversontheway,butcertainlynoend.Itisalong-distancetravel,anendlessprocessof