2023-2024学年八年级英语教学同步精美课件人教版Unit1 单元语法讲练

第第页2023-2024学年八年级英语教学同步精美课件（人教版）Unit1单元语法讲练(共50张PPT)

Unit1

Wheredidyougoonvacation

单元语法讲练

人教版新目标八年级上册

LearningGoals（教学目标）

GrammarFocus:引导学生在小组中自主合作探究，学习不定代词的一般规律。

3a,3b:引导学生在半控制语用情景中练习使用不定代词用法。

3c:指导学生在真实语境中运用不定代词，做一次采访，写一篇报道。

GrammarFocus-3c的联系:

(GrammarFocus)语法探究

(3a,3b)不定代词形式用法

(3c)不定代词在语境中的含义

Warmingup

Pleasesaythepastformsoftheseverbsquickly.

do-did

do

go

play

take

visit

stay

see

read

is

see-saw

go-went

is-was

visit-visited

take-took

play-played

stay-stayed

read-read

Revision

Wheredid…goonvacationHowwasyourvacation

wenttoSanya

/thebeach

wentshopping

wenttoafriend’sfarm

wenttotheGreatWall

wenttosummer

camp

visitedoldpeople

stayedathome

wenttothemountains

Didyoudoanythinginteresting

动

Leadin

Enjoyavideoandanswer

动

1.Wheredidtheboygoonhissummervacation

2.Whatdidheandhisfamilydothere

3.Whatdidthegirldoonhervacation

4.WheredidMollygoonhersummervacation

5.Whatdidsheandhersisterdothere

HewenttoJejudowithhisfamily.

TheyrodehorsesandwalkedalongJejuolle.

Hetooktaekwondolessons.

HewenttoXinjiangwithhissister.

Theyrodehorsesthere.

GrammarFocus

WheredidyougoonvacationIwenttoNewYorkCity.

DidyougooutwithanyoneNo,Noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.

DidyoubuyanythingspecialYes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.

No,Iboughtnothing.

HowwasthefoodEverythingtastedreallygood.

DideveryonehaveagoodtimeOh,yes,Everythingwasexcellent

Whatdidyoufindout

一般过去时的结构和用法

含义：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常与yesterday，lastnight，in2023，twodaysago时间状语连用。

Simplepasttense(一般过去时)

语法定义

一般过去时表示_____________或_____________发生的______或___________，常和表示_______________连用。

过去某个时间

某一段时间

存在的状态

动作

过去的时间状语

标志词

昨天__________,昨晚、上周________________,在1990年__________,两天前______________，刚刚___________等。

“yestercay”

“lastnight/week”

“in1990”

“twodaysago”

“justnow”

如：他昨天六点半起床。

Hegotupat6:30yesterday.

Ivisitedmygrandparentslastweek.

我上周去看望了我的祖父母。

其他用法

一般过去时也表示过去________________的动作，常和often,always等___________________连用。

经常或反复发生

表示频度的时间状语

如：去年他总是坐公共汽车去上班。

Healwayswenttoworkbybuslastyear.

Hewasathomeyesterday.

Grammar-simplepasttense

Hewasn’tathomeyesterday.

Washeathomeyesterday

Wherewasheyesterday

Was/Were+主语+其他？

主语+was/were+其他.

主语+wasn't/were’t+其他.

特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其他？

一般过去时的时间标志：

与ago连用的时间状语：amomentago,twominutesago,sixmonthsago,oneweekago…等

与last连用的时间状语：lastweek,lastyear,lastmonth,lastday…

与yesterday连用的时间状语：yesterdaymorning,yesterdaymorning，thedaybeforeyesterday昨天

justnow刚刚

intheolddays在过去，in1980，atthattime在那时

Grammar-simplepasttense

一般过去时肯定式主语+was/were+其他.主语+动词的过去式+其他.

否定式was主语+not+其他.were主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他.

一般疑问句及回答Was/Were+主语+其他(肯)Yes,主语+was/were.(否)No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t.Did+主语+动词原形+其他

(肯)Yes,主语+did.

(否)No,主语+

didn’t.

2.SimplePastTense--PastForms

规则变化类别构成方法例词与发音读音规则

直一般情况加-edplay-played/pled/offer-offered/fd/清辅音后读/t/，浊辅音和元音后读/d/，/t/和/d/后面读/id/

去以e结尾的动词去e加-edlike-liked/lakt/hate-hated/hetd/双以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-edplan-planned/plnd/stop-stopped/stpt/变以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词变y为i，再加-edcry-cried/krad/study-studied/stdid/GrammarFocus

3不规则动词过去式的构成(更多参见教科书)

类别例词

过去式和原形一样

let→letcut→cutput→put

中间元音变化i—abegin→begansing→sangswim→swam

ring→rangsit→satgive→gave

drink→drank

i—odrive→droveride→rodewrite→wrote

o/a—egrow→grewknow→knew

throw→threwdraw→drew

类别例词

过去式以ought和aught结尾buy→boughtthink→thought

bring→broughtcatch→caught

teach→taught

结尾的d变为tbuild→builtlend→lent

send→sentspend→spent

含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加tkeep→keptsleep→slept

sweep→sweptfeel→felt

含be动词的一般过去时的句式

肯定句：

否定句：

一般疑问句：

及其回答

特殊疑问句：

主语+was/were+其他.

主语+wasnot(wasn’t)/werenot(weren’t)+其他.

Was/Were+主语+其他

Yes,主语+was/were.

No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t.

特殊疑问词+was/were+其他

There______aschoolconcertlastFriday.Asyoucansee,there______manypeopleandallofthem______veryhappy.Unluckily,Amy______(benot)attheconcert,becauseshe______sick.Where______sheShe______inhospital.______theremanypianosNo,there_______.

was

were

were

wasn’t

was

was

was

Were

weren't

含do的一般过去时的句式

肯定句：

否定句：

一般疑问句：

及其回答

特殊疑问句：

主语+动词过去式+其他.

主语+didnot(didn’t)+动词原形+其他.

Did+主语+动词原形+其他

Yes,主语+did.

No,主语+didn’t.

特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他.

Mike’sschooltrip______great.Where______shegoShe_______(notgo)tothezoo.She______(go)toafarm.Onthefarm,Carol______(milk)acowand______(ride)ahorse.______shefeedchickensNo,she______.Sheonly______(see)them.

Intheafternoon,she______(take)somepicturesofflowers.Then,she______(go)forawalkwithherfriendsand______(talk)withafarmer.

was

did

didn’tgo

went

milked

rode

didn’t

saw

took

went

talked

Did

动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；

be用was或用were,have,has变had；

谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；

一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。

否定句很简单，主语之后didn’t添；

疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；

如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原；

动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。

易记歌谣

Lastsummer,I______tothebeachwithmyparents.

Myvacation_____prettygood.I____therebybus

_____mybustrip______relaxing.Thebeach______

verybeautiful.It_______sunny.I_________beach

volleyballand______swimming.Thepeople______

friendlyandthefoodwas________.I__________my

vacationverymuchandI_________togothereagain.

went

was

went

and

was

was

was

were

delicious

enjoyed

hope

played

went

Writeaboutyourvacationandgiveareport.

GrammarFocus

探究语法规律

WheredidyougoonvacationIwenttoNewYorkCity.

DidyougooutwithanyoneNo,Noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.

DidyoubuyanythingspecialYes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.

No,Iboughtnothing.

HowwasthefoodEverythingtastedreallygood.

DideveryonehaveagoodtimeOh,yes,Everythingwasexcellent

Whatdidyoufindout

1.定义：不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。

2.构成：由some、any、no、every加上-body，-one，-thing构成的不定代词称为复合不定代词。

复合不定代词

someanynoevery

Person人

Thing事

Place地点

CompoundIndefinitePronouns复合不定代词

someone

anyone

noone

everyone

somebody

anybody

nobody

everybody

something

anything

nothing

everything

somewhere

anywhere

nowhere

everywhere

some构成的不定代词与any构成的不定代词的用法？

(1)形容词修饰不定代词时应后置。即：不定代词+形容词（后置）

(2)不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用三单形式。

Someone______waitingforyouatdoor.

Everything_______(begin)togrowinsping.

_____everyoneheretoday

Nobody/Noone______(know)hisname

语法知识点1

Thereis________________（一些毛病）withyourears.

Isthere_________________(一些有趣的）onTVtonight

Ihave___________________(一些重要的）totellyou.

Isthere_______________(其它的东西）inthebox.

somethingwrong

anythinginteresting

somethingimportant

anythingelse

is

begins

Is

knows

肯定句

否定句

疑问句

(3)含有-some的不定代词一般用于____________中，

含有-any的不定代词一般用于________或________。

e.g.Isthere______________Icanhelpyou

我能帮你点什么吗？

e.g.Thereis______________interestinginthenewspaper.

报纸里有一些有趣的东西。

e.g.Idon’twanttosee____________________.

我不想看到任何人。

e.g.____________________iswaitingforyounow.

现在有人正等着你。

anything

something

anybody/anyone

Somebody/Someone

(4)特殊：

①在表示请求、建议、反问等的疑问句中，问话者希望得到肯定答复时，常用含有some的不定代词。

e.g.Iamreallyhungry.CanIhavesomethingtoeat

我真的很饿。我可以吃点什么吗？

②anyone/anybody，anything也可用在肯定句中，

表示“任何人，任何事”。

e.g.Anyone/Anybodycanfinishit.

任何人都可以完成它。

e.g.Youcandoanythingyouwant.

你可以做任何想做的事。

(5)含-any与–no不定代词/副词的用法转换

1.Idon’thaveanythingtodo.

=Ihavenothingtodo.我无事可做。

2.Alandidn’teatanythinglastnight.

=Alaneatnothinglastnight.艾伦昨晚什么也没吃。

3.Theydon’thaveanywheretogo.

=Theyhavenowheretogo.他们无处可去。

Presentation

anyone

something

anything

everything

nothing

Linda:Didyoudo_________funonyourvacation,Alice

Alice:Yes,Idid.IwenttoSanya.

Linda:Howdidyoulikeit

Alice:Well,itwasmyfirsttimethere,so_________wasreallyinteresting.

Linda:Didyoudowith________

Alice:Yes,Idid.Iwentwithmysister.

Alice:Ofcourse!Ibought__________formyparents,but_________formyself.

Linda:Whydidn’tyoubuy_________foryourself

Alice:Ididn’treallysee__________Iliked.

anything

everything

anyone

something

nothing

anything

anything

Linda:Didyougoshopping

Fillintheblankswiththewordsintheboxandpracticetheconversation.

Sure=当然

3a

3b

Fillintheblanksinthee-mailmessagewiththewordsinthebox.

anything,everything,nothing,everyone,noone

DearBill,

HowwasyourvacationDidyoudo__________interestingDid_________inthefamilygowithyouIwenttoafriend’sfarminthecountrysidewithmyfamily.___________wasgreat.

anything

everyone

Everything

3b

Fillintheblanksinthee-mailmessagewiththewordsinthebox.

anything,everything,nothing,everyone,noone

Wefedsomehensandsawsomebabypigs.Theyweresocute!Theonlyproblemwasthattherewas________muchtodointheeveningbutread.Still________seemedtobebored.Byefornow!

Mark

nothing

noone

Presentation

DearBill,

HowwasyourvacationDidyoudoanythinginterestingDidanyoneinthefamilygowithyouIwenttoafriend’sfarminthecountrysidewithmyfamily.Everythingwasgreat.Wefedsomehensandsawsomebabypigs.Theyweresocute!Theonlyproblemwasthattherewasnothingmuchtodointheeveningbutread.Stillnooneseemedtobebored.Byefornow!

Mark

1.WheredidMarkgoonhisvacation

2.Howwashisvacation

4.Whatwastheproblem

5.Didanyoneseembored

3.Whatanimaldidtheyfeed

Readthise-mailagainandanswerthequestions.

3b

,butnothingformyself

myself→我自己，我本人→反身代词→一般用于动词或者介词后作宾语

反身代词：人称代词宾格/形容词性物主代词+-self

我自学英文。

IteachmyselfEnglish.=IstudyEnglishbymyself.

丽莉放学后自己回家。

Lilygoeshomebyherselfafterschool.

myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself

我自己你自己他自己她自己它自己

ourselvesyourselvesthemselves我们自己你们自己他们自己Languagepoints

1.Theonlyproblemwasthattherewasnothingmuchtodointheeveningbutread.

nothingmuchtodo“没什么事可做”

今天下午我没什么特殊的事可做。

Ihave___________________thisafternoon.

没什么事可做，因此我就早早睡觉了。

Thereis___________________，soIgotobedearly.

nothingmuchtodo

nothingmuchtodo

Theonlyproblemwasthattherewasnothingmuchtodointheeveningbutread.

notingmuchtodo:没有什么事情可做

but：①但是，表转折②除了...之外

拓展：nothing…but…“除……之外什么也没有；

只有”。but后可接名词或动词原形。

我今天早上只喝了杯茶。

Ihadnothingbutacupofteathismorning.

我无事可做，只有看电视。

IhadnothingtodobutwatchTV.

Theonlyproblemwasthattherewasnothingmuchtodointheeveningbutread.

②除了...之外

but前有实义动词do,does,did时，but后动词的to要省略掉；but前没有实义动词do,does,did时，but后的动词前要加上to

Wehadnochoicebuttogohome.

Shedidnothingbutcryallday.

Icandonothingbutworkhard.

Nobodyisherebutme.

前有do后无to

前无do后有to

Stillnooneseemedtobebored.

seem好像；似乎；看来

1、seem+n./adj.“好像...”

Jennyseemsashygirl.Youseemveryhappy.

2、seem+todosth.“似乎要做某事”

Youseemstolikeyournewschoolbag.

3、Itseems/seemed+that从句“看起来像……”

Itseemsthatheisunhappy.

4、seemlike…“好像，似乎……”

Itseemslikeagoodplan.

拓展:

②seem+todosth.“似乎要做某事”。

seem+n.“看起来……”。

例：他看起来是个好人。

Heseemsaniceperson.

例：老师似乎同意我的观点。

Theteacherseemstoagreewithme.

③Itseems/seemed+that从句“看起来像……”。

例：看起来好像没有人相信你。

Itseemsthatnoonebelievesyou.

④seemlike…“好像，似乎……”。

例：它好像是个好主意。

Itseemslikeagoodidea.

1.YesterdayMom________mesomemoneytobuyadictionary.

A.givesB.gaveC.hasgivenD.wasgiving

B

一般过去时

2.OnJanuary29th,2023,ZhongNanshanandhisteam_____

overfourhoursonline_____fivepatientswhowere

seriouslyill,andmadeatreatmentplanforthosepatients.

A.spent;checkingB.spent;tocheck

C.spend;checkingD.spend;tocheck

A

3.Sally_______whereshehadleftthecarandthepolicefounditthismorning.

A.forgotB.hasforgottenC.forgetsD.hadforgotten

4.Ericoften______hisauntbeforehemovedtothecity.

A.hasvisitedB.visitsC.visited

A

C

1.________hopesforasweethomeasitprovidesuswithwarmthandtrust.

A.NoneB.EveryoneC.NobodyD.Somebody

(2023·江苏扬州中考)

2.—It’sunbelievablethat5Gtechnologyisprogressinginsucharapidway!

—_______isimpossible.

A.SomethingB.AnythingC.NothingD.Everything

(2023湖北宜昌中考)

复合不定代词

B

C

3.—Haveyouasked_________aboutthecase

—No,exceptBob.

A.everybodyB.anybodyC.nobodyD.somebody

4.—Sally,Ihave_______excitingtotellyou.Wewillgobacktoschoolsoon.

—Great！

A.anythingB.somethingC.everything

A

B

Exercises

5

Davidisatennisplayer.Hetoplaytenniswhenhewassixyearsold.(北京中考）

beginsB.willbeginC.beganD.hasbegun

6

TheresixcountriesinSCO(上合组织)atfirst,butnowthenumberhasincreasedtoeight.(东营中考）

isB.areC.wereD.willbe

C

C

Exercises

7

—Isthereelseintheclassroom

—It’sempty.islisteningtoaspeechintheschoolhall.

anyone;AnyoneB.anyone;Everyone

C.everyone;AnyoneD.everyone;Everyone

8

Pleaselistentotheteachercarefully.Shehasimportanttotellus.

somethingB.everything

C.anythingD.nothing

B

A

Ⅰ.从方框中选择合适的词语填空，使每个句子在结构、句意和逻辑上正确。

1.Thereis_______inthebox.Itisempty(空的).

2.____________isreadynowfortheparty.Let'sstart.

3.—Isthere__________importantintoday'snews

—No,thereisn't.

4.—Wouldyoulike___________toeat,Emily

—Yes.Twocakes,please.

something,everything,anything,nothing

nothing

Everything

anything

something

someone,everyone,anyone,noone

5.—Did_______callmewhenIwasout,Alice

—Yes.Bobcalledyou.

6.I'mverybusy.Iwant_________tohelpmewithmywork.

7.Thegameisverypopular.__________isinterestedinit.

8.—Whohelpedyoucleantheclassroomyesterday

—_______.Ididitallbymyself.

anyone

someone

Everyone

Noone

二.用所给动词的适当形式填空。

We______(live)inJapanlastyear.

Jack________(stop)thecarlastSunday.

Tom_______(clean)hisroomand________(study)fortheChinesetestlastweekend.

4.What______you______(do)lastnight

5.OnSundaymorningI_____(play)tennis.

lived

stopped

cleaned

studied

did

do

played

三、句型转换

Lucydidherhomeworkathome.（改否定句）