中考英语复习-易错易混淆短语及习题

易错短语及习题anumberof许多，大量thenumberof......的数量Thenumberoftheclubmembersis80,andanumberofthemaregirls.〖注意〗“anumberof+可数名词复数”结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数；“thenumberof+名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数akindof意为“一种”，后接名词kindof意为“有点儿，稍微”，后接形容词Appleisakindoffruit.Pandasarekindofcute.afew&alittle相同点不同点都意为“一些”afew修饰可数名词复数alittle修饰不可数名词Thereareafewpeopleonthestreet.Weneedalittlewater.toomany,toomuch,muchtoo意义用法toomany太多......修饰可数名词复数toomuch太多......修饰不可数名词muchtoo太......修饰形容词Hecomplainedthathehadtoomuchhomeworktodo.Therearetoomanypeopleinthesupermarket.Theproblemismuchtoodifficultforthemsotheycan’tworkitout.可省略介词in的短语：bebusy(in)doingsth.忙于做某事spendtime/money(in)doingsth.花时间或金钱做某事havetrouble/difficult/problem(in)doingsth.做某事有困难havefun(in)doingsth.=haveagoodtime(in)doingsth.做某事开心Mydadwasbusy(in)repairinghiscomputer.Manystudentshavedifficulty(in)learningphysics.Wehadfun(in)ridingourbikestothebeach.=Wehadagoodtime(in)ridingourbikestothebeach.Lilyspent20dollars(in)buyingthebooks.Hespent2days(in)finishingthereport.〖注意〗当spend后接名词作宾语时，要用介词on连接，即：spendtime/moneyonsth.意为“花时间或金钱在某事上”Lilyspent20dollarsonthebooks.good相关短语：begoodatdoingsth.擅长做某事begoodwithsb.善于应付某人begoodtosb.对某人友好Mikeisgoodatdrawing.Mymathisgoodwithhisstudents.Weshouldbegoodtofriends.break相关短语：breakin强行闯入breakout(战争、疾病等）爆发breakdown抛锚，（机器或车辆）发生故障breakup分手Acriminalbrokeinthepoorwoman’shouse.TheSecondWorldWarbrokeoutin1931.Mycarbrokedownonmywayhome.Theyfinallydecidedtobreakup.call相关短语：call(sb.)back（给某人）回电话callin召来，叫来callup打电话给（某人），征召Yourmotheraskyoutocallherback.Theycalledinadoctortosavetheman.IfI’msad,I’llcallupsomefriendstotalkaboutmyproblems.cut相关短语:cutdown砍倒cutin插嘴cutoff切除cutout删除，删去cutup切碎Thepolicewarnedthemnottocutdowntrees.It’simpolitetocutinwhenothersaretalking.Theelectricityhasbeencutoff.Shecutoutsomemessages.Firstyoushouldcutupthebananas.dealwith&dowith相同点不同点都意为“应对，处理”dealwith常与how连用dowith常与what连用Howdoyoudealwithit?Whatdoyoudowithit?either...or...&neither...nor...相同点不同点都用于两者之间都遵循就近原则either...or...意为“要么......要么......;或者......或者......”neither...nor...意为“既不......也不......”IusuallyeitherwatchTVorlistentomusicatnight.NeitherhenorIamright.动词+doingsth.avoiddoingsth.避免做某事Youshouldavoidmentioningtheterriblenews.allowdoingsth.允许做某事Theydon’tallowsmokinginthelibrary.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事Theirkidsenjoyreading.feellikedoingsth.想要做某事Ifeltlikeplayingthepianoafterdinner.finishdoingsth.完成做某事Wefinallyfinishedreadingthebook.keep(sb.)doingsth.（让某人）一直做某事Hekeptuswaitingforalongtime.Keepmoving.Don’tstop.mind(sb.)doingsth.介意（某人）做某事Doyoumindmeopeningthedoor?Shemindednotgettingthejob.（她介意没得到这份工作。）needdoingsth.某事需要被做（=needtobedone）Thisskirtneedswashing.=Thisskirtneedstobewashed.practicedoingsth.练习做某事Hisbrotheroftenpracticesplayingbasketballonweekends.suggestdoingsth.建议做某事Thedoctorsuggestedbrushingteethtwiceaday.介词to+doingsth.sticktodoingsth.坚持做某事Theoldmanhasstucktowritingnovelssincetenyearsago.be(get)usedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事Myuncleisusedtodrinkingsomecoffeeinthemorning.lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事Ilookforwardtoreceivingyourmessage.既可接todosth.又可接doingsth.的动词，且意义有区别continuedoingsth.继续做某事（指继续做刚刚做过的那件事）continuetodosth.继续做某事（指做完一件事继续做另一件事）Hehasn’tfinishedhishomeworkyet.Sohehadtocontinuedoingit.Shefinishedreadingthebook,thenshecontinuedtolistentomusic.forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事（表示动作已经发生）forgettodosth.忘记做某事Iforgotclosingthewindow.(我忘记关了窗。)Lily’smotherforgottoturnofftheTVwhenshelefthome.meandoingsth.意味着做某事meantodosth.打算做某事Thenewordermeansworkingovertime.Ididn’tmeantohurtyou.rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事（表示动作已经发生）remembertodosth.记得做某事Irememberedturningoffthelight.（我记得关了灯。）Mandyrememberedtotakeanumbrella.stopdoingsth.停止做某事（指停止做一直在做的事）stoptodosth.停下来做另一件事Mydadaskedmetostopplayingcomputergames.I’mtired.Let’sstoptohavearest.trydoingsth.尝试做某事（表示不一定付出努力）trytodosth.努力做某事（强调付出一定的努力）Kentriesmakingamodelplan.Wetriedhardnottolaugh.既可接doing，又可接do的动词noticesb.doingsth.注意某人正在做某事（动作正在进行）noticesb.dosth.注意某人做某事（注意到整个过程）Ididn’tnoticehimenterintotheroom.Ididn’tnoticehimleaving.seesb.doingsth.看见某人正在做某事（动作正在进行）seesb.dosth.看见某人做某事（看见整个过程或经常看见）FranksawTinadancingthisafternoon.Myparentsoftenseemybrotherplaytheguitar.hearsb.doingsth.听见某人正在做某事（动作正在进行）hearsb.dosth.听见某人做某事（听见整个过程或经常听见）Sheheardsomeoneknockatthedoor.Lisaheardsomeonesinginginthemusicroom.watchsb.doingsth.看见某人正在做某事（动作正在进行）watchsb.dosth.看见某人做某事（看见整个过程或经常看见）IwatchedHelencarryingaheavybox.Cindylikewatchingthemonkeysclimbaroundthehill.表示“达到”的短语getto+地点arriveat/in+地点reach+地点HegottoShanghaitwohoursago.HelenarrivedinHongKonglastnight.Shearrivedatschoolat8o’clockthismorning.Wereachedthesmallvillageintheevening.give相关短语：giveaway赠送，捐赠giveout分发，散发giveup放弃Mr.Smithgaveawaysomeoldclothestothepoor.Nancygaveoutsomeinvitations.Nevergiveup.hand相关短语：handin上交handout分发Eachstudentissupposedtohandinhomeworkontime.Theteacherishandingoutthepapers.hundred,thousand,million表示确切的数量时不加-s;表示“大量，许多”时要加-shundredsof许多，大量thousandsof数以千计的，许许多多的millionsof许多，大量ThousandsofvisitorswillvisittheGreatWalleveryyear.Therearetwohundredstudentsattendingthemeeting.infrontof&inthefrontofinfrontof在（外部的）前面Thereisapayphoneinfrontofthepostoffice.inthefrontof在（内部的）前面Thereisacomputerinthefrontofourclassroom.“leavefor+目的地”意为“去某地”BillisleavingforBeijing.Bill将要去北京。AnnaleftforHangZhouyesterdaymorning.安娜昨天早上去杭州了。lend&borrowlendsth.tosb.=lendsb.sth.把某物借给某人（借出）borrowsth.fromsb.向某人借某物（借入）Couldyoulendyourdictionarytome?=Couldyoulendmeyourdictionary?IborrowedadictionaryfromTom.look相关短语:lookfor寻找，寻求lookthrough快速查看，浏览lookup（在词典、参考书中或通过电脑）查阅，抬头看lookupto钦佩，仰慕Sheislookingforhermathbooknow.Isithelpfultolookthroughthenewspaper?Studentscanusedictionariestolookupnewwords.Alotofyounggirlslookuptoyou.makeprogress取得进步progress是不可数名词，因此不能用a修饰progress，可用much修饰progress，如：makemuchprogress,意为“取得很大的进步”Hehasmademuchprogressinhishomework.play的相关短语：play+棋牌类、球类playchess下国际象棋playfootball踢足球playbasketball打篮球playcards打牌play+the+西洋乐器playthedrums敲鼓playthepiano弹钢琴playtheviolin拉小提琴表示“阻止某人做某事”的词组：preventsb.fromdoingsth.stopsb.fromdoingsth.Noonecanstophimfromsmoking.Wearingsunglassescanpreventsunshinefromhurtingoureyes.put相关短语:putoff推迟putup塔起，张贴puton增加（体重），发胖，穿上putdown放下Wehavetoputoffthemeeting.Theyputupthetentsatthefootofthemountain.It’scoldoutside.Putonyoursweater.Putdowntheboxonthefloor.set相关短语:setout出发setup建起，设立Timwillsetouttomorrowmorning.Myparentssetupacompany10yearsago.shout相关短语:shoutatsb.冲某人大声叫嚷（带有感情色彩）shouttosb.对某人大声叫喊（不带感情色彩，只是为了让被人听到）MymothershoutedatmebecauseIbrokethewindowagain.Isawmysisterontheothersideoftheroad,soIshoutedtoher.suggest&allowsuggestdoingsth.建议做某事suggestsb.todosth.建议某人做某事Thedoctorsuggestsbrushingteethafterdinner.Thedoctorsuggestsmetobrushteethafterdinner.allowdoingsth.允许做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事Theydon’tallowswimmingintheriver.MomallowsmetoplaygamesafterIfinishhomework.take相关短语:takein吸入，吞入（体内）takeoff脱下（衣服），（飞机等）起飞takeplace发生（〖注意〗takeplace无被动语态）takesb.’splace代替某人takeup（尤指为消遣）学着做，开始做，占据（时间或空间）Theyneedtotakeinplentyofwater.Theplaneistakingoffin10minutes.Theconcertwilltakeplacenextmonth.WhenBruceretired,Petertookhisplace.Grandmadecidedtotakeupahobbytokilltime.turn相关短语:turndown拒绝，（把音量）调小turnon接通（电流、煤气，水等）；打开turnoff关掉o变成turnout(tobe)结果是turnup（把音量）调大，露面Lisaturneddownmyinvitationbecauseshewasbusypreparingforatest.Thefootballmatchisbeginning.PleaseturnontheTV.IforgottoturnoffthelightwhenIleftclassroom.Themagiciancanturnahatintoarabbit.Heturnedouttobeournewphysicsteacher.Ican’thearthenews.Pleaseturnupthevoice.compare...to...&pareAtoB将A比作BcompareAwithB把A和B相比Peoplealwayscomparetheyoungtoarisingsun.人们总是将年轻人比作冉冉升起的太阳。Wecomparedthefirstreportwiththesecondcarefully.我们仔细比较了第一份报告和第二份报告。usedtodosth.&be(get)usedtodingsth.usedtodosth.意为“曾经常常做某事”，表示现在已经不做了be(get)usedtodoingsth.意为“习惯于做某事”，表示现在的习惯Myfatherusedtoplaybasketballonweekends.Davidisusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.wouldlike&wouldratherwouldlike(sb.)todosth.想要（某人）做某事wouldrather(sb.)dosth.宁愿做某事I’dliketodrinksomecoffee.I’dlikeyoutosingasongforme.Sarahwouldratherchoosetheblueskirt.I’dratheryoucomewithus.练习：单项选择Thestudentsare____flowersintheirparedtoB.comparingtoC.comparedwithD.comparingwithDon’tpour_____waterintotheblender.Wejustneed______.toomany;alittleB.toomany;afewC.toomuch;alittleB.toomuch;afewBenoftenspendsolotoftime______computergames.playB.playsC.playingD.playedKencalledyoujustnow,butyouweren’tathome.Wouldyoucallhim______?inB.backC.upD.onAthiefbroke_____myhousewhenItookatriptoHongKong.inB.outC.downD.upJimisn’tgood______kids,soherefusedtotakecareofhisyoungerbrother.withB.atC.toD./TheteacherfoundthatGracemade______progressinherstudy.aB.anC.manyD.muchBeforewemakedumplings,weshouldcut_____thesevegetables.offB.upC.outD.inEitherheorI_____