2022-2023学年云南省丽江市高二上学期期末考试英语试题原卷版+解析版,无听力音频无听力原文

第第页2022-2023学年云南省丽江市高二上学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版,无听力音频无听力原文)丽江市2022年秋季学期高中教学质量监测

高二英语试卷

(全卷四个大题，共8页;满分150分，考试用时120分钟)

注意事项：

1．本卷为试题卷。考生必须在答题卡上解题作答。答案应书写在答题卡的相应位置上，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。

2．考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whatdoesthewomanorder

A．Tea.B．Coffee.C．Chocolatecakes.

2.Whatisthetemperaturetoday

A．35℃.B．36℃.C．38℃.

3.Whyisthewomanupset

A．Herdressisdamaged.

B．Sheislatefortheparty.

C．Peoplearelookingather.

4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout

A．Thebadweather.

B．Thebirthofababy.

C．Thesuitableclothes.

5.Wheremightthespeakersbe

A．Inatower.B．Onaboat.C．Onaplane.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whydoesthewomanwanttochangetheshirt

A．Becauseofthestyle.

B．Becauseofthebrand.

C．Becauseofthesize.

7.Whatcolorofshirtdoesthewomanwant

A．Darkblue.B．Black.C．White.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whatkindofholidaydoesthemanprefer

A．Anadventuretrip.

B．Abeachholiday.

C．Acitybreak.

9.Whichcountrywillthemanprobablygoto

A．Australia.B．America.C．SouthAfrica.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Whenwasthemanoriginallygoingtoretire

A．Inaweek.B．Inayear.C．Intwoyears.

11.Whatwillthemandoafterretirement

A．Learntoplaygolf.

B．Lookafterhiswife.

C．Travelaroundtheworld.

12.Whatwillhappennextweek

A．Themanhastoattendameeting.

B．Studentswilltakethefinalexams.

C．Anewteacherwilltakeovertheclass.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Howoldistheman’ssonnow

A．5B．6.C．10.

14Whycan’tthemanhavearabbit

A．Hiswifeisafraidofit.

B．Hissondoesn’tlikeit.

C．Itistoodifficulttolookafter.

15.Whatpetdoesthemanprobablychoose

A．Afish.B．Adog.C．Asnake.

16.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers

A．Shopclerkandcustomer.

B．Familymembers.

C．Friends.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whendoesthemeetingbegin

A．At2:00p.m.B．At2:30p.m.C．At4:00p.m.

18.Howcanstudentsleavetheclassroom

A．Theyshouldasktheclassleaders.

B．Theyshouldgodirectlytothestaffoffice.

C．Theyshouldaskthestaffinthehallways.

19.Whatisspecialforstudentstoday

A．Studyingingroupsisallowed.

B．Schoolendsearlierthanusual.

C．Theydon’thaveschoolworktodo.

20.Whathappenedduringthelastmeeting

A．Someonecausedtrouble.

B．Allstudentsbehavedwell.

C．Oneclassroomwasonfire.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Lifeinthefuture:techthatwillchangethewaywelive

Thetechnologywe’realreadyexposedtohaspavedthewayforusinthefuture,andthesecurrentandfuturetechnologiescertainlyhavethepotentialtochangeourlivesevenmore.

High-risefarms

Asthepopulationoftheearthcontinuestogrow,livingspacealsodecreases,notonlyforhumanbeingsbutfortheanimalsandplantswerelyontoo.

It’sreasonabletoseeafuturewheretechwillneedtobedevelopedtoallowforfarmlandinunusualplaces.Thisideaofhigh-risefarmsinthemiddleofacityisn’ttotallybeyondbelief.

Li-Fi

Li-Fihasbeenexperimentedwithforthelastfewyearsandhassomeinterestingpotentialforfastdatatransferspeeds.Li-FiuseslighttotransferdataratherthanWi-Fi’sradiowaves.It’salsothoughtthatLi-FiwillbemuchcheaperthanWi-Fi.

Recyclingandre-engineering

Theconstantdevelopmentofnewtechmeansourworldisoftenfullofoldtech.Onethingthehumanracewillhavetodointhefutureistolearnnewwaystorecycle,reuseandre-engineeroldtechtodecreasewasteandsavetheworld.

Peoplearealreadycomingupwithavarietyofinterestingwaystorecycleoldtech,includingturningdisusedthingsintomaterialforpavingroads.

Healthcarenanobots

Therobotictechnologyisbeingusedtocareforourhealth.Tinynanobotscouldbeusedtocheckourinsidestohuntourhealthproblems.Theymightalsobeusedtorepairdamagedorgans.Thiscouldmeanlesstimeinhospitalandlessrecoverytimetoo.

1.WhatcanwelearnaboutLi-Fi

A.Ithascomeintouse.

B.ItusesWi-Fi’sradiowavestotransferdata.

C.Itprobablyincreasesdatatransferspeed.

D.ItwillbeascheapasWi-Fi.

2.Whichtechnologywillbringbenefittopeople’shealth

A.Li-Fi.B.Healthcarenanobots.

C.High-risefarms.D.Recyclingandre-engineering.

3.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom

AAsciencemagazine.B.Aguidebook.

C.Abookreview.D.Afictionnovel.

【答案】1.C2.B3.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了当前和未来改变我们的生活一些科学技术。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段首句“Li-Fihasbeenexperimentedwithforthelastfewyearsandhassomeinterestingpotentialforfastdatatransferspeeds.(Li-Fi在过去几年里已经进行了实验，在快速数据传输速度方面有一些有趣的潜力)”可知，Li-Fi有潜力进行快速数据传输。故选C。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据末段第二三句“Tinynanobotscouldbeusedtocheckourinsidestohuntourhealthproblems.Theymightalsobeusedtorepairdamagedorgans.(微小的纳米机器人可以用来检查我们的内部，以寻找我们的健康问题。它们也可能被用来修复受损的器官)”可知，医疗纳米机器人将造福人类健康。故选B。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据首段“Thetechnologywe’realreadyexposedtohaspavedthewayforusinthefuture,andthesecurrentandfuturetechnologiescertainlyhavethepotentialtochangeourlivesevenmore.(我们已经接触到的技术已经为我们的未来铺平了道路，这些当前和未来的技术当然有可能更大程度地改变我们的生活)”可知，本文介绍当前和未来改变我们的生活一些科学技术。由此推知，本文很可能出自一本科学杂志。故选A。

B

Tabichi’sfather,uncle,andcousinshaveallworkedasteachers.Hecouldseethathisrelativesweremakingarealdifferencetopeople’slivesandwantedtodothesame.Soforthepast12years,Tabichihasworkedasamathandscienceteacherinthehopethathislessonswillgivestudentsachancetoimprovetheirsituations.

However,workingataremotevillageschoolinKenyahasn’tbeeneasy.TheuniquechallengesandobstacleshaveforcedTabichitofinduniquesolutionsforhisstudents.TheschoolonlyhasonecomputerandunreliableInternetaccess.Theschoolalsohasnolibraryorlaboratory.Tomakemattersworse,therearenotenoughbooksforallthestudentsandtheschoolisdesperatelyinneedofmoreteachers.Mostofthestudentsarenotabletoconcentratebecausetheyhaven’thadenoughmealsathome.

OneoftheothermajorchallengesthatTabichifacesiskeepingkidsinschoolaslongaspossible.SoTabichispendsmostofhistimeoutsideoftheclassroomworkingonwaystokeepkidsinschool.Whenthe36-year-oldgetsthefeelingthatastudentisatriskofdroppingoutheworkstopersuadefamiliestoputmorevalueineducation.Tohelpthoseinpovertyaffordfood,uniforms,andbooks,Tabichialsogivesaway80percentofhissalary.Despitealltheobstacleshefaces,Tabichiiscreditedforimprovingtheschoolandkeepingmuchofthevillage’syouthinschool.Hehasalsomanagedtosetupscienceclubsandaddressedfoodinsecurityissues.

Thankstohistirelesswork,hisstudentshaveexcelled.Inrecentyears,studentshavewonnationalandinternationalsciencecompetitions.InMarchof2023,Tabichiwasvotedthebestteacherintheworldandwontheprizeof$1million.

4.WhatinspiredTabichitobeateacher

A.Thehighsalaryofteachers.

B.Hisfather’sdemandonhim.

C.Thesignificanceofateacher’sjob.

D.Hisrelatives’encouragement.

5.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout

A.ThedifficultiesTabichi’sschoolfaced.

B.ThelifeofaremotevillageinKenya.

C.Tabichi’suniqueteachingwaysforhisstudents.

D.Mostofthestudents’distractionontheirlearning.

6.WhatoccupiedTabichi’smosttime

A.Givingstudentsthebestlessons.

B.Helpingstudentsgetridofpoverty.

C.Persuadingstudentsnottodropout.

D.Gettingstudentsawayfromanyrisk.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeTabichi

A.Pitiful.B.Lucky.C.Outgoing.D.Selfless.

【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了肯尼亚偏远乡村的教师Tabichi想尽一切方法克服各种困难并捐助自己80%的工资帮助贫困学生，最后取得了令人瞩目的成就。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Tabichi’sfather,uncle,andcousinshaveallworkedasteachers.Hecouldseethathisrelativesweremakingarealdifferencetopeople’slivesandwantedtodothesame.（Tabichi的父亲、叔叔和堂兄弟都是教师。他可以看到他的亲戚们正在为人们的生活带来真正的改变，也想这样做。）”可知，Tabichi看到自己的很多亲人作为老师帮助了很多的人，他也想这样做，由此可知，是老师这份职业的重要性促使Tabichi想成为一名老师，故选C。

【5题详解】

主旨大意题。通读第二段内容，根据“However,workingataremotevillageschoolinKenyahasn’tbeeneasy.（然而，在肯尼亚一所偏远的乡村学校工作并不容易。）”及“challengesandobstacles（挑战与障碍）”可知，本段主要讲的是Tabichi的学校所面临的困难，故选A。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中的“SoTabichispendsmostofhistimeoutsideoftheclassroomworkingonwaystokeepkidsinschool.（Tabichi把大部分时间花在教室外面，努力让孩子们留在学校里）”可知，他的大部分时间都用于劝阻学生不要辍学，故选C。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据全文的讲述可知，Tabichi为学生付出了很多，根据第三段中的“Tohelpthoseinpovertyaffordfood,uniforms,andbooks,Tabichialsogivesaway80percentofhissalary.（为了帮助那些贫困学生买得起食物、校服和书本，Tabichi还捐出了80%的工资）”可知，Tabichi是在用自己的实际行动帮助贫困地区的学生进行学业，因此他是无私的，故选D。

C

Readingandwritingareessentialtolearning.Infact,anewstudynowshowsthatwritingbyhandmayhelpkidslearnandunderstandlettersfaster.Italsomayhelpkidslearntoreadmorequickly.PublishedinPsychologicalScience,thestudyfoundthathandwritingallowedparticipantstotakeinseveralcomponentsofnewletterstheylearned,helpingthemtopotentiallyprocesstheinformationmoreeffectively.

Duringtheresearch,theparticipants,whowerealladults,weredividedintothreedifferentlearninggroups:ahandwritinggroup,agroupthatwatchedvideos,andagroupthattypedresponses.EachgroupwasthenintroducedtoArabiclettersandthenhadtoreproducethemindifferentways.Thoseinthehandwritinggroupwrotetheletterswithapenandpaper.Thevideogroupsawthelettersonthescreenandhadtoidentifythem.Andthegroupwithtypedresponseshadtolocatethelettersonakeyboard.Theindividualsinthehandwritinggrouplearnedtheinformationmorequickly.

Whilethetestwasperformedonadults,researchersbelievetheresultscanapplytochildren’sabilitytolearnletters,identifythem,andperhapsreadearlier.Childrenlearnbyusingdifferentlearningstyles:seeing,hearing,movingortouching.Thebenefitofusinghandwritingwiththeselearningmethodsisthatitbringsthemethodsoflearninginformationtogetherinawaythatstrengthensunderstanding.DrWileynotesthatwritingisnotnecessarytolearntoread.Buttheabilitytoconnecteverythingbeinglearnedabouttheletterscanbebeneficialaschildrenbecomereaders.Andhandwritingcanplayapart.

Infact,manyexpertsagreethatcomputersanddigitallearningcanbeusedtoimprovetheeducationalexperienceandnottoreplacehandwritingandthatwritingshouldbeapartofthecurriculum.“Weshouldstickwithsomeformofwrittenpractice.That’swhattheevidencereallyshows,”DrRappconcludes.

8.Whatcanweknowfromthefindingsofthenewstudy

A.Readingandwritingareofgreatimportance.

B.Writingfastermaycausechildrentoreadfaster.

C.Handwritingbenefitschildreninmorethanoneway.

D.Writingbyhandisinfactharmfultochildren’sabilitytoread.

9.Whatdidthebestperformersuseduringtheresearch

A.Computers.B.Pensandpaper.C.Videos.D.Recorders.

10.Howmanylearningmethodsusedbychildrenarementionedinparagraph3

A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.

11.WhichofthefollowingmayDrRappagreewith

A.Handwritingshouldn’tbeignored.

B.Computersaren’tgoodforstudentsatall.

C.Handwritingisaformofdigitallearning.

D.Handwritingshouldreplacedigitallearning.

【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了阅读和写作对学习是必不可少的，同时研究还表明，手写可以帮助孩子们更快地学习和理解字母。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。第一段提到“Infact,anewstudynowshowsthatwritingbyhandmayhelpkidslearnandunderstandlettersfaster.（事实上，一项新的研究表明，手写可以帮助孩子们更快地学习和理解字母。）”由此判断，根据新的研究表明，手写可以在更快地学习和理解字母上对孩子有帮助，手写对孩子而言有不止一项好处。故选C。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。第二段提到“Duringtheresearch,theparticipants,whowerealladults,weredividedintothreedifferentlearninggroups:ahandwritinggroup,agroupthatwatchedvideos,andagroupthattypedresponses.（在研究过程中，参与者都是成年人，他们被分为三个不同的学习组：手写组、观看视频组和打字组。）”以及“Thoseinthehandwritinggroupwrotetheletterswithapenandpaper.（手写组的人用纸和笔书写字母。）”“Theindividualsinthehandwritinggrouplearnedtheinformationmorequickly.（手写组的人学习信息的速度更快。）”由此判断，在有对照组实验的时候，手写组相较其他两组的表现更加的优异，手写组是表现的最好的，因此表现最好的组员使用的是笔和纸。故选B。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。第三段提到“Childrenlearnbyusingdifferentlearningstyles:seeing,hearing,movingortouching.（孩子们通过不同的学习方式来学习：看、听、动或摸。）”由此判断，孩子们学习的方式有四种。故选D。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。最后一段提到“Infact,manyexpertsagreethatcomputersanddigitallearningcanbeusedtoimprovetheeducationalexperienceandnottoreplacehandwritingandthatwritingshouldbeapartofthecurriculum.“Weshouldstickwithsomeformofwrittenpractice.That’swhattheevidencereallyshows,”DrRappconcludes.（事实上，许多专家都认为，电脑和数字学习可以用来改善教育体验，而不是取代手写，书写应该是课程的一部分。“我们应该坚持某种形式的书面练习。这才是证据真正显示的。”Rapp博士总结道。）”由此判断，Rapp博士认为手写在学习的过程中是非常重要的，因此会同意“不应该忽视手写的作用”这一观点。故选A。

D

Nowadays,weareveryworriedaboutsuchCOVID-19variantsasDeltaandOmicron.Torelieveouranxieties,weshouldhavealookatourowncellandtheoriginalCOVID-19virus.

Firstofall,ourcellisn’tstupid.Ifanyviruswantstoenterourcell,itmustfigureoutawayforitsspike(触手)toholdtightlytothespikeonthecell’ssurface.Youcanimaginethisconnectingasasecrethandshake.

Attheearlystage,theCOVID-19virusfiguredoutawaytoconnecttoaspecificspikeonthesurfaceofhumancell,calledACE2.Buttheconnectingwasn’tperfect.However,itwasgoodenoughtotricktheACE2toletitin.

Oncetheviruswasinsidethecell,itkeptcopyingitselfinordertofindmorecellstoinfect.Duringthistime,theimmune(免疫)systemstartedmakingantibodiestofightback.Someofthoseantibodiesactedlikelittlecapsthatsticktotheendsofthevirus’sspike.Once“capped”,theinfectioncouldn’tmoveforward,andthebodywon!

Buteverytimetheviruscopiesitselfinsideacell,ithasthechanceofchangingitsspikesslightly.Mostofthevariationsareactuallyharmfultothevirus.Sothesevariantsdisappear.However,oncethevirushitsuponasetofvariationsthatactuallyhelpthevirustoconnectmoretightlytothecellormorequickly,aperson’scellgetsinfectedmoreeasily.

ThenwhatabouttheantibodiesAren’ttheycomingtosaveusagainWell,yes...andno.

Scientistsfoundthatapersonwhowasinfectedwiththeearlierversionofthevirusmaynotbeprotectedaswellagainstthesenewvariants.Hestillcanbeinfected,again.However,theantibodies’spikescomeindifferentshapes,too.Soeventhoughsomeantibodiesbecomelessuseful,otherswillgetthejobdone—oratleast,holdbacktheinfectionlongenoughsothebodycanmakenewantibodiesthatfitperfectlyonthechangedspike.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph2referto

A.Thevirus.B.Thecell.

C.Thespike.D.Theconnection.

13.Whatisthefifthparagraphmainlyabout

A.Howavirusentersthehumancell.

B.Howaviruscopiesitselfinsideacell.

C.Whytheimmunesystemcanfightback.

D.Whyvirusvariantshavedifferentinfectionrates.

14.Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext

A.COVID-19variantswillbecomemoreandmoreinfectious.

B.ItisunlikelyforCOVID-19patientstogetinfectedagain.

C.Oldantibodiesmightbelesseffectiveagainstnewvariants.

D.ItishopelesstogetridoftheCOVID-19inthenearfuture.

15Whatisthebesttitleforthetext

A.WorriesAbouttheCOVID-19Variants

B.ASimpleGuidetoCOVID-19Variants

C.TheDangeroftheDeadlyCOVID-19Virus

D.WaystoProtectOurselvesFromCOVID-19Virus

【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了正在全球肆虐的新冠病毒产生变体的原因及其可能带来的挑战。

【12题详解】

词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Ifanyviruswantstoenterourcell,itmustfigureoutawayforitsspike(触手)toholdtightlytothespikeonthecell'ssurface.(任何病毒要想进入我们的细胞，它得设法把自己的触手紧紧地联结到细胞表面的触手上)”可知，it指代的是上文中所提到的virus“病毒”。故选A。

【13题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第五段第一句“Buteverytimetheviruscopiesitselfinsideacell,ithasthechanceofchangingitsspikesslightly.(但每次病毒在细胞内自我复制时，它都有可能轻微改变其触手)”及最后一句“However,oncethevirushitsuponasetofvariationsthatactuallyhelpthevirustoconnectmoretightlytothecellormorequickly,aperson’scellgetsinfectedmoreeasily.(然而，一旦病毒碰到一系列变异，这些变异实际上可以帮助病毒与细胞更紧密或更快地连接，人的细胞就更容易被感染)”可知，本段主要是在解释不同的病毒变体为什么具有不同的传播能力。故选D。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Soeventhoughsomeantibodiesbecomelessuseful,otherswillgetthejobdone—oratleast,holdbacktheinfectionlongenoughsothebodycanmakenewantibodiesthatfitperfectlyonthechangedspike.(因此，即使一些抗体变得不那么有用，其他抗体也会完成任务，或者至少，将感染抑制足够长的时间，以便身体能够制造出新的抗体，完美地适应改变后的触手)”可知，旧抗体对新病毒变体的作用可能会减弱。故选C。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句“Torelieveouranxieties,weshouldhavealookatourowncellandtheoriginalCOVID-19virus.(为了缓解我们的焦虑，我们应该看看自己的细胞和原始的COVID-19病毒)”及后文对COVID-19病毒变体的介绍可知，本文主要是简单介绍了新冠病毒产生的变体。因此“ASimpleGuidetoCOVID-19Variants(COVID-19变体的简明介绍)”适合作为本文标题。故选B。

第二节七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

WhyDoPeopleVolunteer

Forsomeonewhodoesn'tdoit,tryingtounderstandwhypeoplevolunteercanbedifficult.

____16____Butthereareseveralmotivesthatcanbeusedtoexplainthis.

Whenevertherehavebeenwars,therehavebeenthosewhomadethedecisiontojointhebattle.____17____It'snotthatthey'reunawareofthedangers,butit'ssomethingthey'rewillingtogothrough.

____18____Anexamplewouldbethosethatjoinenvironmentalgroups.Theseinvolvealotofwork,fromcleaningoutrubbishtotakingcareofendangeredanimals.Whilesomeviewtheseasthanklesstasks,thesepeoplearethinkingofthefuture.Whatthey'redoingistopreservethepresentsotherewillbeafuture.

Simplekindnessisanotherfactorastowhypeoplevolunteer.____19____Weseethemhelpingtotalstrangerswhobecometrappedwhenearthquakesorhurricaneshappen.Formost,it'ssimplyamatterofdoingtherightthing.

Anindividualwhobecomesfinanciallysuccessfulmightfeeltheneedtogivesomeofthefortuneback.Helpingoutisonewaytodoit.Forthesepeople,it'snotjustanotherwaytoearnmoremoney.____20____Whenaskedwhypeoplevolunteer,gratitudeandgivingbackmaybetheanswer.

A.Forsome,it’sallaboutthefuture.

B.Ithelpspeoplelearnmoreaboutthemselves.

C.Itistheirwayofexpressingthankstoothers.

D.Thisbecomesevenmoresowhenthetaskisdangerous.

E.Somefeelthatvolunteeringisawayforthemtogrowemotionally.

F.Whendisasterhappens,somepeopleoffertheirservicestohelpothers.

G.Fortheseindividuals,it'sallaboutfightingforwhattheybelieveisright.

【答案】16.D17.G18.A19.F20.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了人们参加志愿者工作的原因。

【16题详解】

根据上文“Forsomeonewhodoesn'tdoit,tryingtounderstandwhypeoplevolunteercanbedifficult.(对于那些没有参加志愿活动的人来说，要理解人们为什么要参加志愿活动可能会很困难)”可知，空处承接上文，进一步说明当任务有危险时，人们更难理解为什么有人要参加志愿者工作，D项中的“this”指代上文的“tryingtounderstandwhypeoplevolunteer”。D项：Thisbecomesevenmoresowhenthetaskisdangerous.(当任务很危险时，这种情况就更加严重了)符合语境。故选D。

【17题详解】

根据上文“Whenevertherehavebeenwars,therehavebeenthosewhomadethedecisiontojointhebattle.(无论何时发生战争，总会有一些人做出加入战争的决定)”可知，空处应该讲述人们在战争中做志愿者的原因。G项中的“theseindividuals”指代上文“thosewhomadethedecisiontojointhebattle”。G项：Fortheseindividuals,it'sallaboutfightingforwhattheybelieveisright.(对这些人来说，一切都是为了他们认为正确的事情而战)符合语境。故选G。

【18题详解】

空处为段落主旨句。根据下文“Whilesomeviewtheseasthanklesstasks,thesepeoplearethinkingofthefuture.Whatthey'redoingistopreservethepresentsotherewillbeafuture.(虽然有些人认为这是费力不讨好的工作，但这些人正在考虑未来。他们所做的是保护现在，这样才会有未来)”可知，本段主要说明人们从事志愿者工作是为了更好的未来。A项：Forsome,it’sallaboutthefuture.(对一些人来说，这一切都是为了未来)符合语境。故选A。

【19题详解】

根据下文“Weseethemhelpingtotalstrangerswhobecometrappedwhenearthquakesorhurricaneshappen.(我们看到他们帮助那些在地震或飓风发生时被困住的陌生人)”可知，空处提到了发生灾难的情况，F项中的“disasters”与上文“earthquakesorhurricanes”对应。F项：Whendisasterhappens,somepeopleoffertheirservicestohelpothers.(当灾难发生时，一些人提供他们的服务去帮助别人)符合语境。故选F。

【20题详解】

根据上文“Forthesepeople,it'snotjustanotherwaytoearnmoremoney.(对这些人来说，这不仅仅是另一种挣更多钱的方式)”和下文“Whenaskedwhypeoplevolunteer,gratitudeandgivingbackmaybetheanswer.(当被问及为什么人们做志愿者时，感恩和回馈可能是答案)”可知，空处提到有些人做志愿者是为了表示感谢。C项：Itistheirwayofexpressingthankstoothers.(这是他们向别人表达感谢的方式)符合语境。故选C。

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，共15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Whenwepayattention,weseecourageeveryday.Iseeitinmyclassroomwhenastudent____21____herhandandsays,“I’mcompletelylost.”Doyouknowhowincredibly____22____itistosaysowhenyou’reprettysureeveryoneelsegetsit

Irecentlysawanother____23____ofordinarycourageinmysonCharlie’spreschool.Parentswereinvitedto____24____amusicpresentationbythekids.Youknowthe____25____—twenty-fivechildrensingingwithfifty-plus____26____intheaudienceholdingupcameras.

Onegirlcriedherwaythroughtheentire____27____becauseshecouldn’tseehermom.AsIwastellingCharliegoodbye,Isawhermomrushintothedoor,andimmediatelystart____28____theroomforherdaughter.Anothermotherwalkedbythisstressedmom,shookherheadand____29____hereyes.

Justthenonemoremomwalkeduptothisnow____30____momandsmiled.“Iwasn’tjustlate.I____31____forgot.”Shesaid,“It’sokay.We’reinthesameboat.”Thewoman’sface____32____andshewipedawayatear.Bythetimeshemadeittothecornerwheretheteacherwasstill____33____herdaughter,shelookedcalm.

Themomwhostoppedandsharedherstoryof____34____waspracticingcourage.Shedidn’thaveto.Everytimewechoose____35____,wemaketheworldalittlekinderandbraver.

21.A.shakesB.raisesC.spreadsD.lowers

22.A.abnormalB.normalC.braveD.typical

23.A.issueB.crisisC.reportD.example

24.A.attendB.advertiseC.performD.organize

25.A.tensionB.sceneC.silenceD.song

26.A.journalistsB.teachersC.parentsD.workers

27.A.performanceB.competitionC.arrangementD.entertainment

28.A.searchingB.wanderingC.decoratingD.occupying

29.A.openedB.rolledC.closedD.covered

30.A.gratefulB.hopefulC.cheerfulD.tearful

31.A.immediatelyB.graduallyC.occasionallyD.completely

32.A.hardenedB.softenedC.darkenedD.reddened

33.A.encouragingB.blessingC.comfortingD.threatening

34.A.comparisonB.conclusionC.concentrationD.imperfection

35.A.courageB.wisdomC.patienceD.preference

【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.C27.A28.A29.B30.D31.D32.B33.C34.D35.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一位缺席女儿表演的母亲因伤心而哭泣，另一位母亲说自己一样缺席了。这位停下来分享了自己不完美的母亲的行为是很有勇气的。正是因为我们选择勇气，这个世界才会变得更美好、更勇敢一些。

【21题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在教室里看到一个学生举手说：“我完全糊涂了。”A.shakes摇动；B.raises举起；C.spreads传播；D.lowers降低。根据本句主语“astudent”以及宾语“herhand”可知，应是学生举手。故选B。

【22题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你知道在你确信其他人都明白的情况下说出这句话有多勇敢吗？A.abnormal异常的；B.normal正常的；C.brave勇敢的；D.typical典型的。根据前文“Whenwepayattention,weseecourageeveryday.”可知，列举关于勇气的生活事例。故选C。

【23题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，在我儿子查理的幼儿园里，我看到了另一个勇气的平常例子。A.issue问题；B.crisis危机；C.report报告；D.example例子。根据前文“Whenwepayattention,weseecourageeveryday.”可知，列举关于勇气的又一生活事例。故选D。

【24题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：家长们应邀参加了孩子们的音乐表演。A.attend参加；B.advertise做广告；C.perform表演；D.organize组织。根据宾语“amusicpresentation”可知，应是参加音乐表演。故选A。

【25题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：你知道那个场景——25个孩子在唱歌，观众中有50多个家长拿着相机。A.tension紧张；B.scene场景；C.silence沉默；D.song歌。根据后文“twenty-fivechildrensingingwithfifty-plus6intheaudienceholdingupcameras.”是在描述当时的场景。故选B。

【26题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：你知道那个场景——25个孩子在唱歌，观众中有50多个家长拿着相机。A.journalists记者；B.teachers老师；C.parents父母；D.workers工。根据前文“Parentswereinvitedto4amusicpresentationbythekids”可知，父母也被邀请。故选C。

【27题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个女孩在整个演出过程中一直在哭，因为她看不到她的妈妈。A.performance表演；B.competition竞赛；C.arrangement安排；D.entertainment娱乐。根据前文“Parentswereinvitedto4amusicpresentationbythekids”可知，孩子们表演音乐节目。故选A。

【28题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我跟查理说再见的时候，我看到她妈妈冲进了门，立刻开始在房间里寻找她的女儿。A.searching搜寻；B.wandering徘徊；C.decorating装饰；D.occupying占据。根据前文“Isawhermomrushintothedoor”可知，妈妈冲进来，是为了找女儿。而且“search…for…”为固定搭配。故选A。

【29题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一位母亲从这位紧张的母亲身边走过，摇了摇头，翻了个白眼。A.opened打开；B.rolled翻滚；C.closed关闭；D.covered覆盖。根据本句“shookherhead”，另一位母亲对这位母亲摇头，说明是不满意，所以翻了白眼。故选B。

【30题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，又有一位母亲走到这位泪流满面的母亲面前，微笑着。A.grateful感激的；B.hopeful有希望的；C.cheerful高兴的；D.tearful含泪的。根据下文“Thewoman’sface12andshewipedawayatear.”可知，这位母亲因缺席女儿的表演很伤心。故选D。

【31题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不仅仅是迟到了。我完全忘了。A.immediately立即；B.gradually逐渐；C.occasionally偶尔；D.completely完全。根据前文“Iwasn’tjustlate.”可知，不仅迟到了，而且是完全忘记了。前后为递进关系。故选D。

【32题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：女人的脸色变得柔和了，她擦去了一滴眼泪。A.hardened使变硬；B.softened使柔和；C.darkened使变暗；D.reddened使变红。根据前文“Justthenonemoremomwalkeduptothisnow10momandsmiled.“Iwasn’tjustlate.I11forgot.”Shesaid,“It’sokay.We’reinthesameboat.””可知，另有一位母亲过来安慰这位母亲，所以这位母亲就没有那么紧张了，脸色也柔和起来。故选B。

【33题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走到墙角时，老师还在安慰她的女儿，她看起来很平静。A.encouraging鼓励；B.blessing祝福；C.comforting安慰；D.threatening威胁。根据本句“shelookedcalm”可知，老师让女儿镇静下来，所以老师是在安慰她。故选C。

【34题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲停下来分享了她不完美的故事，这是勇气行为。A.comparison对比；B.conclusion概括；C.concentration专注；D.imperfection不完美。根据前文“Iwasn’tjustlate.I11forgot.”可知，这位妈妈完全忘了女儿的表演，所以是不完美的。故选D。

【35题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我们选择勇气，我们就能让这个世界变得更美好、更勇敢一些。A.courage勇气；B.wisdom智慧；C.patience耐心；D.preference偏爱。根据前文“Themomwhostoppedandsharedherstoryof14waspracticingcourage.”可知，这位母亲的勇气行为这个世界变得更美好。使故选A。

第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Apictureof17-year-oldZhangGuimeihasgotpopularonChina’ssocialmedia.Theyounggirlwithblack-rimmedglassesandtwoshortbraids(辫子),____36____isnowthemuchrespectedfounderandpresidentoftheHuapingHighSchoolforGirlsinLijiang,SouthwestChina’sYunnanProvince,wassmiling____37____(bright)intothecamera.

BorninNortheastChina’sHeilongjiangProvincein1957,Zhang____38____(come)toYunnanattheageof17andhasbeenhelpinggirlsfrompoorareaspursueeducationforover40years.Zhanghelpedestablishthecountry’sfirstseniorhighschooltoofferfreeeducationforgirlsfrompoor____39____(family).Sinceitsopeningin2023,it____40____(see)morethan1,800studentsprogresstouniversitiesandusersaredeeplytouchedbythefresh-lookingyoungfaceinthepicture,whichistotallydifferentfromZhang’scurrentlyagedandlinedface,asittellsastoryofawoman____41____(devote)topromotingeducationand____42____(fight)povertyinruralareas.

InJuly,2023,theAll-ChinaWomen’sFederationawardedZhangatophonorforbeing____43____outstanding