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被动语态一、被动语态的构成形式
1.被动语态的基本时态变化
被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式,被动语态由be+过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:
1)_____________________一般现在时
例Visitors____________(request)nottotouchtheexhibits.2)现在完成时
例Allthepreparationsforthetask____________(complete),andwe'rereadytostart.
3)_____________________现在进行时
例Anewcinema____________(build)here.
4)_____________________一般过去时
例I___________(give)tenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.
5)______________________过去完成时
例Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium____________(build)inBeijing.
6)____________________过去进行时
例Ameeting___________(hold)whenIwasthere.
7)____________________________________________________一般将来时
例Hundredsofjobs__________(lose)ifthefactorycloses.
8)_____________________________________________________过去将来时
例Thenews______________(send)thesoldier'smotherassoonasitarrived.
9)_____________________________________________将来完成时(少用)
例Theproject______________________(complete)beforeJuly.
10)___________________________________过去将来完成时(少用)
例Hetoldmethathisnewclothes______________________(make)verysoon.在某些“形容词+不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中,句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等。
例Thisproblemisdifficulttoworkout.(可看作toworkout省略了forme).1.ExperimentsofthiskindinboththeU.S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.haveconductedB.havebeenconductedC.hadconductedD.hadbeenconducted2.Nopermissionhas___foranybodytoenterthebuilding.A.beengivenB.givenC.togiveD.begivingI___tenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.
A.gaveB.wasgivenC.wasgivingD.hadgiven4.Itwasreportedthatthemurderer_______arrested.A.hasbeen
B.hadbeen
C.has
D.had---Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?---Notyet,therooms___.
A.arebeingpaintedB.arepaintingC.arepaintedD.arebeingpainted6.Thechurchtowerwhichwillbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.A.hasrestoredB.hasbeenrestoredC.isrestoringD.isbeingrestored7.Thiscoastalareaanationalwildlifereservelastyear.A.wasnamed B.named C.isnamed D.names8.Lindamakesurethetable________beforetheguestsarriveA.besetB.setC.aresetD.aresetting9.Thelibraryneeds________,butit'llhavetowaituntilSunday.A.cleaningB.becleanedC.cleanD.beingcleaned10.Inmanypeople’sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasant.todealwithB.dealingwithC.tobedealtwithD.dealtwith11.Insomepartsoftheworld,tea___withmilkandsugar.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.served12.ThisisTed’sphone.Wemisshimalot.He___tryingtosaveachildintheearthquake.
A.killedB.iskilledC.waskilledD.waskilling13.----Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?
----Notyet,therooms_____.arebeingpaintedB.arepaintingC.arepaintedD.arebeingpaintingWhenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholiday___yet.
A.arenotdecidedB.havenotbeendecided
C.isnotbeingdecidedD.hasnotbeendecided15.Themanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnthatfour-fifthsofthetickets___.A.wasbookedB.hadbeenbookedC.werebookedD.havebeenbooked—Whathappenedtothepricelessworksofart?—_______.Theyweredestroyedintheearthquake
B.Theearthquakewasdestroyingthem
C.Theydestroyedintheearthquake
D.Theearthquakedestroyedthem17.Tom___toworkintheofficethoughhedidn’tlikeservingthere.
A.wantedB.waswantedC.waswantingD.hadwanted18.Hesaidhewouldn’tmind___athome.
A.leavingaloneB.beingleftaloneC.tobeleftlonelyD.toleavealone19.---.“Howaboutthedishes,Dear?”---“Thebeefdidn’ttasteverygood.It______toolong.”cookedB.hadbeencookedC.wascookedD.hadcooked时态主动语态结构被动语态结构一般现在时do/doesam/is/are+done一般过去时didwas/weredone一般将来时is/am/aregoingtodo;shall/willdo;is/am/aretodo;is/am/areabouttodoshall/willbedone/begoingtobedone/beabouttobedone/betobetodone过去将来时was/weregoingtodo;woulddo;was/weretodo;was/wereabouttodoshould/wouldbedone/was\weregoingtobedone/was\wereabouttobedone/was\weretobetodone现在进行时is/am/aredoingam/is/arebeingdone过去进行时was/weredoingwas/werebeingdone现在完成时havedonehas/havebeendone过去完成时haddonehadbeendone现在完成进行时have/hasbeendoing无被动语态结构过去完成进行时(少用)hadbeendoing无被动语态结构将来进行时shall/willbedoing无被动语态结构将来完成时(少用)shall/willhavedoneshall/willhavebeendone强化训练I________(allow)togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.2.Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight_____________(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.3.Thegiantpanda___________(love)bypeoplethroughouttheworld.4.Ihadastrongdesiretoreachinandplaywiththetoy,but___________(hold)backthankfullybytheshopwindow.5.—Didyouenjoytheparty?—Yes.We___________(treat)wellbyourhostsTomydelight,I________(choose)fromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.7.Unlessextramoney________(find),thetheaterwillclose.8.Nowcollegegraduates________(encourage)tostarttheirownbusiness,whichsoundsreallygoodforus.9.LiHua,recentlystudyingforPhD,2.(tell)shecanbesuccessful.10.Lotsofmeasures_______(take)toprotectthewildlifelasty
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