2023年研究生类研究生入学考试专业课中国科学院硕士英语历年高频考题带答案难题附详解

2023年研究生类研究生入学考试专业课中国科学院硕士英语历年高频考题带答案难题附详解（图片大小可自由调整）第1卷一.历年考点试题黑钻版(共50题)1.Joeputstoomuch______onpillsfromthedrugstoreanddoesnotlistentohisdoctor.A.applianceB.defianceC.relianceD.compliance2.TOPIC

Ifyourchildwerebullied(受欺负),whatwouldyousaytohimorher?Tellwhyyouwouldsayso.3.EvenifIwonamillion-dollarlottery,Iwouldcontinuetolive______A.subtlyB.frugallyC.explicitlyD.cautiously4.Shewasartfulandcouldalways______herparentsintheend.A.shoutdownB.getroundC.complywithD.passover5.Sometimescertainfamiliesadhered______thesamereligiousbeliefsforseveralgenerations.A.toB.forC.afterD.with6.Itwillbeveryhelpfulifparentshaveseentheschoolenvironmentandknowwhatkindoftaskstheschoolwill______onthedailylifeoftheirchild.A.composeB.imposeC.disposeD.expose7.Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegreetowhichtheycanbe______controlledandmodified.A.deliberatelyB.consequentlyC.originallyD.absolutely8.Iftheexpertadviceismorepositive,willtheparentsbeableto______attitudeswhichhavebuiltupoverdecadesinafewdays?A.approveofB.shrugoffC.showoffD.pickup9.Theworldleadersneedtotakeactionontheenergycrisisthatis______beforeoureyes.A.takingshapeB.takingeffectC.takingapartD.takingover10.Autobiographicaladvertisingcan______consumers'pastmemoriesabouttheproductorbrand.A.exaggerateB.excavateC.extractD.evoke11.Hewritesinavery______manner;there'remanymistakesalmosteverypage.A.illegibleB.illiterateC.irregularD.irreversible12.Wealthynationshavefallenfarbehindontheiraid______totheworld'spoor.A.commitmentsB.engagementsC.responsibilitiesD.applications13.Theparty'sreducedvotewas______oflackofsupportforitspolicies.A.indicativeB.positiveC.revealingD.evident14.Inthepresenteconomic______wecanmakeevengreaterprogressthanpreviously.A.airB.moodC.areaD.climate15.Suddenlyoneoftheleavesbeginstoflyinastrongwind;theleafisreallynoleafatall—it'saninsect______asaleaf.A.maskedB.disguisedC.repressedD.assumed16.Theydriftedonthelake,fishingandcatchingshrimpto______.A.getbyB.getoverC.getalongD.getacross17.Researchersarelookingfornewwaysto______theproblem.A.abridgeB.approachC.condenseD.dispose18.Comparedwithhis______,Putinadoptedamoreactive,flexibleandpragmaticforeignpolicy.A.ancestorB.predecessorC.forerunnerD.pioneer19.Guaranteesandwarrantiestellbuyerstherepairsforwhichamanufactureris______.A.qualifiedB.agreeableC.compatibleD.liable20.Inamarketeconomy,itisimpracticalto______bigbankstoreducethequalificationtoprovidefinancialsupportforsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises.A.takeonB.bearonC.holdonD.counton21.Tohaveaknowledge-basedeconomyandascientifically______population,developingcountriesmustinvestinfundamentalscienceandblueskiesresearch.A.moderateB.obsoleteC.literateD.desperate22.ThesanctionsaredesignedtoforceLibyato______thetwoLockerbiesuspectsandtoco-operateintheinvestigationinasimilarcase.A.handinB.handoutC.handdownD.handover23.Didtheentertainerpreparehisjokesbeforetheprogram,or______themashewentalong?A.envisageB.visualizeC.improviseD.mediate24.NobodywilleverknowtheagonyIgo______waitingforhimtocomehome.A.overB.withC.downD.through25.Johnhasreceivedofferlettersfromthreecompanies,buthewantsto______hisoptionsopen,ashehasn'tdecidedwhatkindofjobhewantstodo.A.takeB.leaveC.letD.make26.Newspapersandmagazinescarryextensive______ofdietandhealthtopicsanddietbooksareamongthebestsellers.A.sketchB.concernC.coverageD.involvement27.Icouldthenrealizethathewasafeverspecialistofworld______.A.renownB.domainC.prominenceD.authority28.TOPIC

Peopleoftencomeupwithdifferentdecisionswhenfacingthesamesituation.Why?29.Theprofitmotiveisinherently______withprinciplesoffairnessandequity.A.inlineB.intradeC.attimesD.atodds30.Aknowledgeofhistory______ustodealwiththevastrangeofproblemsconfrontingthecontemporaryworld.A.equipsB.providesC.offersD.satisfies31.TheMinister's______answerlettoanoutcryfromtheOpposition.A.impressiveB.evasiveC.intensiveD.exhaustive32.InsomeCaliforniahousingestates,akeyaloneisinsufficienttogetsomeoneinthedoor;hisorhervoiceprintmustalsobe______.A.duplicatedB.perceivedC.acquiredD.verified33.Thewaterwassoclearthatit______thetreesontheriverbank.A.shadowedB.shadedC.representedD.reflected34.Theorgantransplantcommunityhas______humansandmonkeysforethicalreasons.A.knockedoutB.bailedoutC.pointedoutD.ruledout35.TheNewTestamentwasnotonlywritteninGreeklanguage,butideasderivedfromGreekphilosophywere______inmanypartsofit.A.alteredB.criticizedC.incorporatedD.translated36.Theimageofanunfortunateresidenthavingtoclimb20flightsofstairsbecausetheliftis______isnowacommonone.A.outofthewayB.onorderC.outoforderD.innoway37.Directions:Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsonthetopicgivenbelow.UsethespaceprovidedonyourAnswerSheetII.

TOPIC

Whatistheonethingthatyou'velearnedfromdoingsportswhichappliestoallaspectsofyourlife?Pleaseuseexamplestoillustrateyourpoints.38.Thediversityoftropicalplantsintheregionrepresentsaseemingly______sourceofrawmaterials,ofwhichonlyafewhavebeenutilized.A.exploitedB.controversialC.inexhaustibleD.remarkable39.Ifyouseethatthestreetiswetinthemorning,youwould______thatitmusthaverainedduringthenight.A.reduceB.seduceC.deduceD.induce40.Weareapeacefulcommunitybutwecannot______andallowthepeopleresponsibletodestroythefabricofoursociety.A.startupB.startoffC.standbyD.stickout41.Afternegotiationforsometime,allthemembersoftheassociationpromisedto______tothestrictcodeofpractice.A.ascribeB.confirmC.adhereD.confide42.China's______culturalheritageshouldbebetterprotectedthroughincreasedeffortstopreserveendangeredart.A.inalienableB.intangibleC.intelligibleD.indivisible43.Inamaterialisticand______societypeople'sinterestseemstobefocusedsolelyonmonetarypursuit.A.adaptiveB.addictiveC.acquisitiveD.arrogant44.Theguestteamwasbeatenbythehostteam2______4inlastyear'sCFACupFinal.A.overB.inC.toD.against45.Becausetheworkerswerenewandinexperienced,themanagerhadtowatchthemand______theirworkclosely.A.attendB.demandC.analyzeD.supervise46.RiteofPassageisagoodnovelbyanystandards;______,itshouldrankhighonanylistofsciencefiction.A.consistentlyB.consequentlyC.invariablyD.fortunately47.Thepopularityofthefilmshowsthatthereviewers'fearswerecompletely______.A.unjustifiedB.unjustC.misguidedD.unaccepted48.WhenIwashavingdinnerwithyouandEdwardathisapartment,Isensedacertain______betweenthetwoofyou.A.intimacyB.proximityC.discrepancyD.diversity49.Pleasedon'tinterruptme.Ifyouhavesomethingtosay,______yourcommentuntilIhavefinishedspeaking.A.withdrawB.witherC.withholdD.withstand50.Iamthankfultothecompanyforgivingmesuchachance,andIearnestlyhopethatIwill______everyone'sexpectations.A.boildowntoB.lookforwardtoC.liveuptoD.catchonto第1卷参考答案一.历年考点试题黑钻版1.参考答案：C2.参考答案：AsFranklinRooseveltonceclaimed,"Wecannotalwaysbuildthefutureforouryouth,butwecanbuildouryouthforthefuture."Educationfornextgenerationsisalwaysman'smajorconcern.Educationcoversmanyaspects,evenincludingthewayhowapersongetsalongwithothers.

SupposeIhadalittledaughter,Yaoyao,andshewasbulliedbyherclassmateinherelementaryschool,Iwouldfirstinvestigatethesituationtofindoutwhowasrightandwhowaswrong.Ifitwasnotherfaultatall,Iwouldspeaktoherlikethis:"Don'tbefrightened,Yaoyao.It'snotrightforyourclassmatetotreatyoulikethis,andwewillfindwaystodealwiththissortofthings."Andthen,Iwouldsuggestthatshereportthistoherschool,getsupportfromherteacher,andaskthatstudenttoapologizetoher.

WhywouldIsayso?Ifachildwerebullied,parentswouldtendtofeelasiftheythemselveswerehurtaswellandeasilybecameoveremotional.Nevertheless,maintainingareasonableandimpartialattitudeisextremelycrucialatthismoment,forparents'attitudealsoteacheschildrenindirectlyhowtheyshouldbehaveinthefuture.Teachingtakesplaceeverywhere,whetherinthefamilyorintheschool.Parents,aswellaschildren'sprivateteachersinbuildingtheircharacters,needtobearinmindthatchildrenlearntogetalongwithothersintheireverydaycontact.Undoubtedly,sometimesachildmaysufferfrombeingbulliedbytheirschoolmates,andmoreoftenthannot,thataschoolmateevenisn'tcertainenoughabouthisorherimproperbehavior,becausemostchildrenarestillintheprocessoflearningtherulesanddisciplinesofhumansociety.Sointhebeginning,parentsshouldteachtheirchildrenwhatisrightandwhatiswrong.

Furthermore,bullyingisadetrimentalwayofbehavior.Ifyoubulliedsomeone,youtreatedtheminaveryunpleasantwaybyusingyourstrengthorpowertohurtorfrightenthem.Soweshouldteachchildrenhowtoasserttheirrightswhenbeingbullied.Injusticeexistsattheschoolaswellasinasociety.Therefore,learninghowtofightagainstunfairnessisalsoanessentialpartofthelessonforchildren.ParentsshouldteachchildrennottolosetheircouragebeforetheMightandfightagainstinjusticeinareasonableway.

Besides,parentsalsoneedtoprotectchildren'sself-esteemandletthemknowthatbeingbulliedisnotashamefulthing.Inhistory,manycelebritieswerealsobulliedwhentheywereyoung,buttheyhaveinsteadachievedtheirself-fulfillmentsandbecamepowerfullater.AcaseinpointisthestoryoftheUglyDuckling.Itwasalsoridiculedandbulliedbyitspeersinitschildhood,butlateritbecameagorgeouslybeautifulswan.

Inconclusion,whenachildisbullied,parentsshouldmaintainasereneandimpartialattitude,andguidethechildinlearninghowtogetalongwithothers,howtofightagainstinjustice,andhowtobuildtheirself-esteem.要写好此作文，考生有两部分内容要兼顾：第一，你将对孩子说什么，如何教育孩子?第二，解释你为什么要这样教育孩子。实际上第二部分内容更重要，需要花费更多的笔墨。因为此题考查的重点是阐释你在这件事上所具有的价值观以及教育理念。理性地看待孩子受欺负这个问题，教育孩子来应对成长过程中可能会遇到的人际关系危机，学习正确处理同伴之间的矛盾和纷争，这些都是孩子成长过程中不可缺少的一环，同时也是这篇作文内容充实、论述有理的重要基石。无论作者如何阐释，关键是要言之成理，使人信服，语言表达通顺流畅。3.参考答案：B[解析]本句意为“即使中了一百万美元的彩票，我仍会继续过……的生活”。A项意为“敏锐地，巧妙地”；B项意为“节约地，俭朴地”；C项意为“明白地，明确地”；D项意为“小心地，谨慎地”。根据句意B为正确选项。4.参考答案：B5.参考答案：A[解析]本题中“adhereto”是固定搭配，意为“坚持……”，句意是坚持相同的宗教信仰，因此选择A。6.参考答案：B[解析]A项“compose”意为“组成，构成；作曲”；B项“impose”意为“征税；把……强加于”；C项“dispose”意为“排列，布置；安排，处理”；D项“expose”意为“暴露；使遭受”。本句是说学校给孩子布置作业，因此选择B。7.参考答案：A8.参考答案：B[解析]A项“approveof”意为“赞成，赞同”；B项“shrugoff”意为“耸肩表示蔑视；摆脱”；C项“showoff”意为“炫耀，卖弄”；D项“pickup”意为“捡起；得到；学会”。本句是说父母摆脱数十年积累的态度，因此选择B。9.参考答案：A[解析]根据句中“眼下正形成的能源危机问题”可知，只有项符合题意。takingshape意为“成型，形成”。根据题意可知，A项为正确答案。10.参考答案：D[解析]A项“exaggerate”意为“夸张，夸大”；B项“excavate”意为“挖空，挖掘”；C项“extract”意为“(费力地)取出；采掘，提炼”；D项“evoke”意为“唤起，引起；使人想起”。句子是说广告引起消费者的回忆，因此选择D。11.参考答案：B[解析]根据句中“写的字就像是文盲写的一样”可知，只有B项符合题意。illiterate意为“语言错误的，不能读写的”；从句中后面的mistakes可以推知，B项为正确答案。12.参考答案：A[解析]根据句中“援助世界贫困地区的承诺”可知，只有A项符合题意。commitments意为“委托事项，许诺，承担义务”。根据题意可知，A项为正确答案。13.参考答案：A[解析]indicative“表明的，表示的”，常与of连用，符合题意。如：Hispresenceisindicativeofhisinterestinourplan．他的到来表示他对我们的计划发生兴趣；bepositiveabout/of表示“确信，确知”；revealing、evident不与介词of搭配。14.参考答案：D[解析]climate除表示气候，风土外，还可指(社会)风气，一般(社会)趋势。如：politicalclimate政治风气。15.参考答案：B16.参考答案：A[解析]A项“getby”意为“通过；设法；继续存在”；B项“getover”意为“克服；使渡过；走完”；C项“getalong”意为“相处，进展；前进”；D项“getacross”意为“使被理解，被接受”。本句是说他们通过打鱼捕虾为生，因此选择A。17.参考答案：B18.参考答案：B[解析]B选项：predecessor的意思为“前任，前辈”，如：Asascholar，heisnotinthesamestreetwithhispredecessors．(作为学者，他远不如其前辈。)句意：与其前任相比，普京的对外战略更积极、灵活、务实。故选B。

其他三项意思分别是：ancestor祖先，先驱；forerunner先驱，前兆；pioneer拓荒者，先驱者。19.参考答案：D[解析]A项，“qualified”意为“合格的”；B项，“agreeable”意为“令人愉快的，惬意的”；C项，“compatible”意为“合得来的，协调的”；D项，“liable”意为“负有法律责任的”，由句意可知，空格处为“制造商有责任提供的维修服务”，因此选择D。20.参考答案：D[解析]A项，“takeon”意为“穿上；采用，采纳”；B项，“bearon”意为“压在……上，使难以承受负荷”；C项，“holdon”意为“抓牢，继续、坚持”；D项，“counton”意为“依靠，指望”，由句意可知，空格处为“指望大银行降低资格”，因此选择D。21.参考答案：C[解析]本题考查词义辨析。句意为：要想有一个知识经济和有科学素养的人口，发展中国家必须投资于基础科学和理论研究。A：稳健的，温和的，适度的，中等的，有节制的；B：废弃的，老式的；C：受过教育的，精通文学的；D：不顾一切的，令人绝望的，极度渴望的。分析各选项意思，只有C选项符合题意。22.参考答案：D[解析]本题考查词义辨析。句意为：制裁的目的是迫使利比亚交出两位嫌疑人，并且在相似案件的调查中给予合作。A：交上，提交，呈送；B：分发，施舍，把……拿出来；C：宣布，把……传下去；D：交出，移交。分析各个选项及题干意思，可知本题选D。23.参考答案：C24.参考答案：D25.参考答案：B本题考查动词和形容词的搭配。只有leave跟open搭配成立。26.参考答案：C[解析]根据句中“大篇幅的报道”可知，只有C项符合题意。coverage意为“新闻报道”；由句中的主语可以推知，C项为正确答案。27.参考答案：A[解析]本题考查词义辨析。句意为：后来我知道他是一个有世界名望的发烧方面专家。A：声誉，名望；B：领域，域名，产业，地产；C：突出，显著，突出物，卓越；D：权威，权力，当局。因此，A选项“声誉；名望”符合题意。28.参考答案：Whenfacingthesamesituation,differentpeoplehavedifferentdecisions.Thatisquitenaturalbecausetherearemanyfactorsthatcouldinfluenceourfinaldecisions,suchasourcognitiveabilities,ourinterestsandourindividualneeds.Iwillanalyzetheseindetailsinthefollowingparagraphs.

Thefirstplaintruth,Iampresentinghere,isthatpeople'scognitiveabilitiesvaryfromgender,ageandeducationlevels.Withdifferentbackgroundofcognitiveapproaches,peoplehavedifferentpointsofviewwhenlookingatthesamesituation,sotheycomeupwiththeirownconclusions,andmakedifferentdecisions.Eventhesamepersonwilllookatthesamesituationdifferentlyasheorsheisaging.Forexample,whenweareyoung,wemaythinkloveisallthatweneedtotakeintoconsideration.Wecansacrificeeverythingforlove.Butwhenwegetmorematureandolder,wemayrealizethatloveisonlyanepisodeinone'slifeandtherearemorecrucialthingsthanloveinthisworld,suchasone'sresponsibility,one'scareer.

Furthermore,people'sinterestsinfluencetheirowndecisions.Whenchoosingtheirmajors,collegestudentsoftenhavevariouschoicesasaresultoftheirowninterests.Somepeoplearefascinatedbyliberalarts,sotheychoosetostudylanguagesorliterature;otherpeopleareintoxicatedinexploringthemysteriesinthisplanet,sotheychoosetostudygeology;stillothersareinterestedinresearchingthisphysicalworld,sotheystudyphysics.

Last,alsoaveryimportantreasonisthat,differentpersonalneedswillbetakenintoaccountindecisionmaking.Takearecentphenomenonasanexample.ThehousingpriceinBeijingisnowquitehigh;undersuchcircumstances,somepeoplechoosetobuyaflat,whileothersdecidetorenttheirhouses.Thosewhobuyhousesunderthehighpricesmaybeinneedofahouse,ortheymaybelievethatthehousingpriceswillcontinuetoriseintheforeseeablefuture,whichwillturnoutasaninvestment.WhilethosewhorentmaychoosetoworkinBeijingonlyforacoupleofyears,ortheymaybelievethatthecurrenthousingpricewilldropdownsomeday,sotheyarejustrentingandwaitingforthatday.People'sneedsarevaried,andbehindeachdecisionisusuallyanindividualneed.

Inaword,theworldiscomplex.Therearenosimilarmindsamongpeople,justastherearenevertwosimilarleaves.It'sthiskindofdistinctionthatmakesourworldmoreinteresting.这个题目是哲学思辨类的题目，要求考生探讨一个具有哲理的生活现象：“面对同一处境，不同的人有不同的选择。”哲学思辨性质的题目不是社会现实类题目，比如住房问题，高考问题，人口控制问题，等等。由于题目本身是抽象的，因此在写作的时候，除了做抽象的逻辑推理以外，最好能结合具体的实例来分析和佐证，以便虚实相生，加强说服力。否则容易陷入纯理论探讨的枯燥境地。对于题目中的问题，自然可以从很多方面来讨论；但不管从哪些方面来谈，都应注意并学会抽取几个主要的原因(这是题目中要求的重点内容)，来进行针对性的分析，只要言之有理，语言流畅，就是好文章。29.参考答案：D分析句子的内在逻辑关系：发现利润动机和公平原则从本质上来看是矛盾的，单纯追求利润的行为势必会破坏公平竞争的原则。故选atodds(争执，不同意，意见不一致)。其他选项：inline成一直线，一致，有秩序；intrade做生意；attimes有时，不时。30.参考答案：A31.参考答案：B32.参考答案：D[解析]A项“duplicate”意为“复制”；B项“perceive”意为“感知，感受”；C项“acquire”意为“取得，获得”：D项“verify”意为“证明，证实，核实，查清”。本句是说需要验证他们的声音，因此选择D。33.参考答案：Dshadow投阴影于，使朦胧；shade遮蔽，使阴暗，意思和shadow差不多；represent表现，描绘；reflect反射，反映。根据句子的意思，reflected是正确答案。34.参考答案：D[解析]根据句意“排除在外”可知。本只有D项ruleout“把……排除在外，排除……的可能性”符合题意。因此本题选D。35.参考答案：C36.参考答案：C[解析]句子的大意为：电梯出了故障，居民要爬20层楼，这种现象现在已经很普遍了。A项outoftheway“偏僻的，不同寻常的，不挡道，把……移开”；B项onorder“在订购中”；C项outoforder“发生故障，次序颠倒”；D项innoway“绝不”。所以C项符合题意。37.参考答案：Whatistheonethingthatyou'velearnedfromdoingsports?

Frommypersonalexperienceindoingsports,IhavelearnedalessonthatperseveranceisthekeytoSuccess.Thisnotionoflife,asfarasIobserve,couldbeappliedtoalmostallaspectsofmylife.

Ioncehadaveryunforgettableexperienceindoingsports.WhenIwasstillacollegestudent,Ioncetookpartinarunningcompetition.Inordertoprepareforthisrace,Ihadpracticedrunningforalmostamonth.Atthedayofthegame,Ididmyutmosttoruninordertowinaprizeforourclass.Attheendoftherace,IwassoexhaustedandthirstythatIdesperatelywantedtogiveup,butmyclassmatesintheplaygroundallencouragedmetocarryon.FinallyIperseveredandwonathirdprize.Thisexperiencehastaughtmethatperseveranceisthekeytosuccess.Whenthesituationturnssodifficultthatwethinkwewon'tbeabletosucceed,perseverancewillbringushopeandevenasurprisingreward.

Successisnoteasytocomeineverybody'slife.Thereforethepreparationforitisoftenalongprocess.Sometimeswhathelpspeopletosucceedisnotsomuchaperson'sintelligenceashisorherspiritofperseverance.Laterinmylife,Ihaveusedthisexperienceagaintofaceanothersignificantchallenge.Afterworkingforseveral