2023年自考类英语自考外语教学法历年高频考题带答案难题附详解

2023年自考类英语自考外语教学法历年高频考题带答案难题附详解（图片大小可自由调整）第1卷一.历年考点试题黑钻版(共50题)1.______usesdialoguesasthemainformoflanguagepresentationanddrillsasthemaintrainingtechniques.A.theAudiolingualMethodB.theCognitiveApproachC.theGrammar-TranslationMethodD.theCommunicativeApproach2.WhatrolesdoesthelearnerplayintheCommunicativeApproach?3.DiscussinyourownwordsanyfivecharacteristicsoftheAudiolinguaiMethod.4.WhatarethemeritsandlimitationsoftheTotalPhysicalResponse?5.AccordingtoKrashen,______areusedinveryspecificwaysinsecondlanguageperformance.A.learningandacquisitionB.learningandunderstandingC.speakingandcommunicationD.speakingandunderstanding6.TheNaturalApproachconsiders______asthemostimportantelementofanylanguageteachingprogram.7.Krashenidentifiesthreekindsofaffectivevariablesrelatedtosecondlanguageacquisition:______.A.motivation,self-confidenceandanxietyB.comprehension,acquisitionandanxietyC.input,competenceandself-confidenceD.situation,motivationandself-confidence8.WhatisChomsky'sexplanationofthefirstlanguageprocess?9.Notions,accordingtoVanEkandAlexander,aredomainsinwhichweuse______toexpressthoughtandfeeling.10.Oneofthestudyareasinpragmaticsishowutterancesareaffectedbytherelationshipbetween______.A.thespeakersB.thehearersC.thereaderandthewriterD.thespeakerandthehearer11.Palmerfocusedonhismaininterestinthehabitformationofforeignlanguage______patterns.12.HaroldPalmerandA.S.Hornby,twopioneersoftheOralApproach,werefamiliarbutdissatisfiedwiththe______Method.A.Grammar-TranslationB.DirectC.CommunicativeD.Audiolingual13.WhatarethethreeaffectivefactorsassociatedwiththesuccessinsecondlanguageacquisitionaccordingtoKrashen'smonitortheory?14.Theschematheoryisanimportantelementin______,whichisaction-based,moreconcernedwiththeprocessoflearningthanwhatislearnt.A.KellystheoryB.PiagetstheoryC.BrunnersmethodD.Ausubelstheory15.ColumnA

①theOralApproach

②theAudiolingualApproach

③theCognitiveApproach

④theNaturalApproach

⑤theCommunicativeApproach

ColumnB

a.Rulelearning,meaningfulpracticeandcreativityarethefocusofclassroomteaching.

b.Someoftheskillsaredevelopinglisteningandnote-takingskills,givingoralpresentation,projectwork,roleplayandsimulation.

c.Itemployssituationsforpresentingnewsentencepatternsanddrill-basedmannerofpractisingthem.

d.Inclassstudentsareaskedtofirstlistentoadialogue,thenrepeatandmemorizeit.

e.Whenlearnersarereadytobegintalkinginthetargetlanguage,theteacherprovidescomprehensibleandsimpleresponseopportunities.16.TheNaturalApproachteachershavethreecentralroles:tobetheprimarysourceofcomprehensibleinputinthetargetlanguage,______andtochooseandusearichmixofclassroomactivities.A.tomakelearnersactiveinclassB.tohelplearnersunderstandmessagesC.tocreateaclassroomatmospherethatisinteresting,friendlyD.toteachstudentsgrammaticalrules17.What"stheteacherdoingbysaying"Whowantstohaveatry?"?

A.Controllingdiscipline.

B.Givingprompt.

C,Eva[uatingstudents"work.

D.Directingstudents～attentiontothelesson.18.______analysisstudieshowsentencesinspokenandwrittenlanguageformlargermeaningfulunitssuchasparagraphs,conversationsandinterviews.19.InaGrammar-Translationclassroom,themediumofinstructionis______.A.targetlanguageonlyB.nativelanguageonlyC.mainlytargetlanguagewithlittleuseofnativelanguageD.mainlynativelanguageandlittleuseoftargetlanguage20.Whichofthefollowingmethodsadvisesteacherstoconsidertheirstudentsas"wholepersons"?A.CommunityLanguageLearning.B.TheSilentWay.C.TotalPhysicalResponse.D.Suggestopaedia.21.DianielJoneswroteanumberofworksonEnglish______.A.grammarB.phoneticsC.vocabularyD.culture22.TheCognitiveApproachemphasizesonthe______acquisitionoflanguageasameaningfulsystem.23.Theschematheoryisanimportantelementin______,whichisaction-based,moreconcernedwiththeprocessoflearningthanwhatislearnt.A.BrunnerstheoryB.AusubelstheoryC.KellystheoryD.Piagetstheory24.WhatcontributionsdoestheAudiolingualMethodmaketolanguageteaching?25.WhataretheprinciplesandconsequencesoftheReformMovement?26.WhattheChineseteachersandlearnersneedisnotblindapplicationofforeignmethods,noriselecticism,but______.27.TheDirectMethodgotitsnamefromtheassumptionthat______aretobeconnecteddirectlywiththetargetlanguage,withoutgoingthroughtheprocessoftranslatingintothestudents'nativelanguage.28.EnglishteachinginChinadidn'tenterintotheformaleducationalsystemuntilthe______century.A.late19thB.early20thC.mid-20thD.late20th29.Overemphasisontranslationcanneverfreelearnersfromdependenceonthe______language.A.secondB.targetC.firstD.foreign30.AlthoughtheteachingofallfourlanguageskillsisadvocatedbymostDirectMethodologists,______communicationskillsareregardedasbasic.31.Krashenregardsprovisionofcomprehensible______andreductionofstressaskeystosuccessfullanguageacquisition.32.Thefunctionallinguisticsdevelopsdirectlyfromthe______schooloflinguistics.A.LondonB.ParisC.MichiganD.Birmingham33.TheCognitiveApproachteachersbelievelanguagelearningisnot______ofsimplytheformingofhabits.A.aprocessB.presentationC.communicationD.recognition34.TheCommunicativeApproachadvocatesthe______offourskillsandholdthattheskillsarerarelyusedinisolationoutsidetheclassroominarealsense.35.Theobjectiveaccordingtocognitiveproponentsistodevelopthestudents'abilitytothepointatwhichtheyhavea______controlovertherulesthatallownativespeakerstocreatethelanguagenecessarytocommunicate.36.WhyshouldanEnglishteacherlearnsometheoriesoflanguageandlanguagelearning?(Givesomeexamplestoillustrateyourviewpoints)37.TheAudiolingualMethodviewslearnersas______thatcanbedirectedbyskilledtrainingtechniquestoproduceresponses.38.WhatadvantagescanbefoundintheDirectMethod?39.Thehabit-formationtheorycomesfromthe______andwasverypopularinthe1950sand60s.A.AmericanstructuralismB.functionallinguisticsC.behaviouristpsychologyD.cognitivepsychology40.Thenaturalorderhypothesismeans______.sA.peopleacquirelanguagerulesinapredictableorderB.languagerulesmustbetaughtinacertainorderC.languagerulesmustbelearnedinacertainorderD.peopletendtoacquiresimplerulesearlyanddifficultruleslate41.Accordingto______,verbalexpressionisintimatelylinkedwiththoughtaboutrealevents.42.Ausubelbelievesthatthelearnedmaterialwillsoonbeforgottenbecauserotelearninghaslittleornoassociationwithexisting______structure.43.Krashenregardsprovisionofcomprehensible______andreductionofstressaskeystosuccessfullanguageacquisition.44.Themostimportantfactorthatmadecognitivepsychologydominantintheworldisthedevelopmentofthe______technology.45.ThetwocategoriesofmeaningoflanguageproposedbyWilkinsare"______"and"______".46.TheBritishstructuralismconsideredthatlanguagewasidentifiedwithspeechandspeechabilitywasapproachedthroughoralpracticeof______.47.AlthoughtheteachingofallfourlanguageskillsisadvocatedbymostDirectMethodologists,______communicationskillsareregardedasbasic.48.Discourseanalysisstudieshowsentencesinspokenandwrittenlanguageformlarger______units.49.Inthe19thcentury,foreignlanguageteachersusuallyadoptedthestrategyofcombininggrammarruleswith______.A.readingB.speakingC.writingD.translating50.Memorizinggrammarrulesandbilingualwordliststendstogivethelearners______toactivelycommunicateinthetargetlanguage.A.highmotivationB.goodmotivationC.lowmotivationD.favorablemotivation第1卷参考答案一.历年考点试题黑钻版1.参考答案：A[解析]听说法呈现语言项目的主要形式是对话，主要的教学技巧是操练。2.参考答案：Thelearner'sroleisthatofanegotiator,communicator,contributorandindependentlearner.3.参考答案：(1)Newmaterialispresentedindialogueform.

(2)Thereisdependenceonmimicry,memorizationofsetphrases,andover-learning.

(3)Structuresaresequencedbymeansofcontrastiveanalysisandtaughtoneatatime.

(4)Structuralpatternsaretaughtusingrepetitivedrills.

(5)Thereislittleornogrammaticalexplanation.Grammaristaughtbyinductiveanalogyratherthandeductiveexplanation.

(6)Vocabularyisstrictlylimitedandlearnedincontext.

(7)Thereismuchuseoftapes,languagelabs,andvisualaids.

(8)Greatimportanceisattachedtopronunciation.

(9)Verylittleuseofthemothertonguebyteachersispermitted.

(10)Successfulresponsesareimmediatelyreinforced.

(11)Thereisagreatefforttogetstudentstoproduceeffort-freeutterances.

(12)Thereisatendencytomanipulatelanguageanddisregardcontent.4.参考答案：Merits:TotalPhysicalResponseemphasizestheroleofcomprehensioninsecondlanguageacquisition.Thekeycomponentofthecoursesistoallowthestudentstousethelanguageforrealcommunication.Performingphysicalactionsinthetargetlanguageisameansofmakinglanguage

inputcomprehensibleandreducingstress.Limitations:TotalPhysicalResponseonlyrepresentsausefulsetoftechniques,anditshouldbeusedinassociationwithothermethodsandtechniques.Learnersplayapassiveroleinlanguageprocessandhavelittleinfluenceoverthecontentoflearning.5.参考答案：A[解析]克拉申认为，学习和习得被用在具体的第二语言行为中。6.参考答案：input[解析]自然法认为语言输入(input)是任何一种语言教学活动中最重要的部分。7.参考答案：A[解析]克拉申在其提出的情感过滤器假设(Affectivefilterhypothesis)中确定了三种可变的情感因素与第二语言的习得有关，包括动机(motivation)、自信(self-confidence)、忧虑(anxiety)。这三种情感因素影响了语言的学习速度。8.参考答案：Chomskyassumesthatchildrenarebornwithalanguageacquisitiondevice.ThisLADismadeupofasetofgeneralprinciplescalleduniversalgrammar.Oncethechildisborn,theparticularlanguageenvironmentwilltriggertheLAD.Children'slanguageacquisitionprocesscompleteswhentheuniversalgrammarissuccessfullytransformedintothegrammarofaparticularlanguage.9.参考答案：language[解析]按照范埃克和亚历山大的观点，意念既抽象又具体。抽象的意念指的是存在、空间、时间、数量、质量等抽象概念。人们总是在这些范畴内用语言来表达自己的思想和情感。10.参考答案：D[解析]语用学(pragmatics)与交际法密切相关，是一门研究语言在交际中运用的学科。语用学重点研究句子与其所使用的语境、情境之间的关系。其研究包括已有的知识与话语运用之间相互作用的关系、说话者如何运用和理解言语行为、说话者与受话者之间的关系是如何影响句子结构等等。11.参考答案：speech[解析]口语教学法/情景教学法的学习理论基础是行为主义的习惯形成理论(Habit-formationtheory)。外语学习基本上被认为是一个习惯形成的过程，而这一过程是帕尔默(Palmer)教学法原则的核心。他强调一开始就要养成良好的语言习惯，为此目标，语言应力求准确，应给学生提供语法正确的句子和句型(speechpatterns)，通过反复操练，学生就能获得流利的说目标语的能力。12.参考答案：B[解析]Palmer和Hornby认为直接法在外语教学方面有局限性，认为其尽管在教学步骤上面有所创新，但是缺乏方法论基础。13.参考答案：Motivation,self-confidenceandanxietyarethethreeaffectivefactors.14.参考答案：B[解析]A、B、C、D所提到的人物都为认知教学法提供了学习理论基础。皮亚杰提出了认知发展理论(Theoryofcognitivedevelopment)和图式结构理论(Schematheory)；布鲁纳提出了发现学习法(Discoverymethod)；奥斯贝尔理论的核心是“有意义的语言学习和先期组织”(meaningfulverbalandadvanceorganizers)；凯利明确区分了有意义的学习活动和无意义的学习活动。15.参考答案：①c②d③a④e⑤b[解析]①c：口语教学法/情景教学法的教学技巧包括：(1)用情景(situations)来介绍新句型；(2)操作练习(drill-basedpractice)；(3)指导下的复述和替代练习(guidedrepetitionandsubstitutionactivities)；(4)听说、模仿和教师规定的以口语为基础的朗读和写作(dictation,imitationandcontrolledoral-basedreadingandwritingtasks)。

②d：对话(dialogues)和句型操练(patternpractice)是听说法课堂教学中最基本的形式。在课堂上，教师要求学生先听一段对话，然后复述和背诵。学生要模仿对话以掌握正确的语音、语调、重音和节奏。学生在操练并记住对话后，教师要向他们指出对话中具体的语法结构，然后针对这些结构进行各种形式的句型练习。

③a：认知法的教学技巧包括规则学习(rulelearning)、有意义的实践(meaningfulpractice)、创造性活动(creativity)。

④e：自然法课堂教学中，当学生已经作好准备用目标语开始讲话时，教师应给他们提供能理解性语言和回答问题的机会。

⑤b：交际法提倡听、说、读、写四种技能的综合运用，课堂教学中有很多方法可以达到这一目的，如利用视听材料培养学生边听边做笔记的技能(developinglisteningandnote-takingskillsusingaudio-videomaterials)、口头报告(oralpresentation)、角色表演/模拟(role-play/simulation)、课外研究项目(projectwork)。16.参考答案：C[解析]自然法教师有三个主要任务：第一，她主要负责收集和提供目标语教学中理解性的语言输入材料(theprimarysourceofcomprehensibleinputinthetargetlanguage)。第二，她的任务是创造一个有趣的、友好的课堂气氛，创造一个心理障碍少的、宽松的学习环境(tocreateaclassroomatmospherethatisinteresting，friendly，andinwhichthereisalowaffectivefilterforlearning)。第三，她必须选择和使用丰富多彩的课堂活动(tochooseandusearichmixofclassroomactivities)。因此排除A、B、D。17.参考答案：B18.参考答案：Discourse[解析]Discourseanalysisstudieshowsentencesinspokenandwritten.languageformlargermeaningfulunitssuchasparagraphs,conversations,andinterviews.

韩礼德提出了话语篇章分析学专门研究口头及书面语中的句子如何构成具有更大意义的单位，如段落、对话、访谈等等。19.参考答案：D[解析]语法翻译课堂上，教学语言主要是母语，很少使用目标语。20.参考答案：A[解析]集体语言学习法(communityLanguageLearning)是由柯伦(ChadesA．Curran)和他的同事们共同倡导的一种方法，该方法建议教师把学生当成一个“完整的人”(wholeperson)来看待。完整人的学习意味着教师不仅要考虑学生的情感和智力因素，还要懂得那种存在于学生的身体反应，本能的自卫反应和学习愿望之间的关系。21.参考答案：B22.参考答案：conscious[解析]认知法认为，语言是一个意义系统，强调在理解的基础上有意识的学习语言(consciousacquisition)，其依据的理论基础是认知理论和转换生成语法理论。23.参考答案：D[解析]图式理论是皮亚杰理论中的一个重要部分，它指的是过去的经历，即一个人储存在长期记忆中的东西，在头脑中所形成的框架。他的图式理论是一种“以行为作基础”的理论，它更关注学习的过程，而不是学习的结果。美国著名心理学家布鲁纳(Brunner)提出发现法(discoverymethods)；奥斯贝尔理论的核心是“有意义的语言学习和先期组织”(meaningfulverbalandadvanceorganizers)；凯利明确区分了有意义的学习活动和无意义的学习活动。因此排除A、B、C。24.参考答案：TheAudiolingualMethod'scontributionstolanguageteachingareasfollows:(1)Itisamongthefirsttheoriestorecommendthedevelopmentofalanguageteachingtheoryondeclaredlinguisticandpsychologicalprinciples.Theaudiolingualtheoryisprobablythefirstlanguageteachingtheorythatopenlyclaimstobederivedfromlinguisticsandpsychology.(2)Itattemptstomakelanguagelearningaccessibletolargegroupsofordinarylearners.Withlargeclasses,drillsareofparticularuseinthattheymaximizestudentparticipation.(3)TheAudiolingualMethodstressessyntacticalprogressionandusespatterndrillstohelpthestudentsgaincontrolovergrammaticalstructures.(4)Itleadstothedevelopmentofsimpletechniquesofvaried,graded,andintensivepracticeofspecificfeaturesofthelanguage,andmorescientificallyselectedandsystematicallyarrangedmaterialsandstructuralpatternstogowith.(5)Itdevelopstheseparationofthelanguageskillsintoapedagogicaldevice.TheAudiolingualMethod

introducesspecifically

designedtechniquesofauditoryandoralpractice.25.参考答案：TheprinciplesoftheReformMovementweretheprimacyofspeech,thecentralityoftheconnectedtextasthekerneloftheteaching-learningprocess,andtheabsolutepriorityofanoralmethodologyintheclassroom.Theconsequencesweregreat.ManypeopletookpartintheReformMovement.Alotofbookswerepublished.Anappliedlinguisticapproachtolanguageteachingbegantoshape.26.参考答案：judgement[解析]中国英语教学界的人们在努力寻求一种既有科学根据又符合中国国情，能满足中国教师和学生需要的方法。这种需要不是盲目的照搬(blindapplications)，也不是折中(electisism)，而是判断(judgment)。27.参考答案：meanings[解析]这种方法之所以叫直接法，是由于它认为应当把想表达的意思(meanings)和目标语(targetlanguage)直接联系起来，而不要先转换成母语这个过程。28.参考答案：B[解析]中国的英语教学始于19世纪外国传教士进入中国之际，而直到20世纪早期英语教学才进入中国的正规教育系统。29.参考答案：C[解析]语法翻译法(theGrammar-TranslationMethod)强调第二语言语法。在课堂上教师以母语作为主要的教学中介语言。大多数的教学活动如分析、解释和翻译，都是为了掌握语法规则。过分强调翻译使学生永远不能从本族语(第一语言)中解放出来，学生应当学会理解目标语(targetlanguage)，用目标语进行自我表达，而不参照母语(thefirstlanguage)。30.参考答案：oral[解析]直接法以发展学生的外语交际能力为目的。直接法从不直接教授语法规则。学生通过听说练习用归纳法的途径学习语法。尽管大多数直接法教学专家提倡发展四种语言能力，但是口头交际能力仍被看作语言的基本能力，尤其强调正确的发音。31.参考答案：input[解析]克拉中认为，理解性输入对于成功的语言习得来说是必要条件，但并不是充分条件；学习者的态度也是很重要的因素，压力小更有利于第二语言习得。32.参考答案：A[解析]功能语言学是由20世纪初的伦敦学派发展而来。33.参考答案：A[解析]认知法认为，语言学习是一种积极的心智活动过程，而不是简单的习惯形成过程。34.参考答案：integration[解析]交际法提倡综合教授四种语言技巧。35.参考答案：minimum[解析]认知法倡导者认为语言教学的目标是学生的语言能力发展到尽可能少地关注本族语者用来创造必要语言交流的规则，也就是说，他们能够对之前从没见过的语言形成自己的回答。36.参考答案：Because(1)thetheoriesoflanguageprovidethetheoreticalbasisforforeignlanguageteachingmethodsandhelpustodecidedirectlyorindirectlywhatcontentswearegoingtoteach；

(2)thetheoriesoflanguagelearningCanhelpustounderstandhowlearningistakingplace80astoenableustochooseapropermethodinourteaching.37.参考答案：organisms[解析]听说法深受行为主义的影响，将学习者看做一个有机体(organism)，在训练技巧的指导下对外界的语言刺激产生反应(responses)。38.参考答案：(1)Theuseofthetargetlanguageasameansofinstructionandcommunicationintheclassroomcontributesgreatlytoformingthehabitofthinkinginthetargetlanguage.

(2)Theemphasisonpracticewithnewlanguageitemsandonlanguageskillsisimportantinachievingautomaticityofusingthetargetlanguage.

(3)Theemphasisonspokenlanguageconformstotheobjectivesofmodernlanguageteaching.Specialattentionpaidtopronunciationandinton