DB43-T 2359-2022 生物防火林带建设技术规程

ICS

65.020CCS

B

43湖 南 省 地 方标 准DB43/T

2359—2022生物防火林带建设技术规程Code

of

practice

for

construction

of

fire

resistance

forest

belts2022

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05

-

31

发布

2022

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-

实施湖南省市场监督管理局

发

布DB43/T

2359— 前言························································································································

Ⅲ1 ·····················································································································

12规范性引用文件······································································································13 术语和定义············································································································14 建设原则···············································································································25 规划设计···············································································································26 ·····················································································································

37·····················································································································

38·····················································································································

49质量评价···············································································································410

档案管理··············································································································4附录

A（资料性） 推荐防火树种···················································································

5DB43/T

2359— 本文件按照

GB/T

—《标准化工作导则 第

1

部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定起草。请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。本文件由湖南省林业局提出。本文件由湖南省林业标准化技术委员会归口。南省青羊湖国有林场。慧、徐海文、詹长虹、龙骏、易芳、刘陈力为、李梓铭、刘建兵、罗颖、彭谦。IIIDB43/T

2359—1

术要求。本文件适用于生物防火林带建设。2

规范性引用文件GB

6000 主要造林树种苗木质量分级GB/T

15776造林技术规程LY/T

1000 容器育苗技术LY/T

1646 森林采伐作业规程LY/T

2616生物防火林带经营管护技术规程LY/T

5007林火阻隔系统建设标准FXPC/LC

森林火灾风险评估与区划技术规范3

术语和定义LY/T

2616

界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。3.1防火树种

species具有适宜的生物学、生态学和造林学特性，高含水率、低易燃性、较强抗火性的树种。[来源：LY/T

2616—2016，3.1]3.2生物防火林带

belts在林区采用防火树种人工营造或利用现有林分改造的具有阻隔林火蔓延功能的带状林分。3.3新建型生物防火林带 newly-built

belts采用人工造林的方法新建而成的生物防火林带。3.4改造型生物防火林带

采用伐除非目的树种、补植防火树种、清除地表可燃物等方法改造培育而成的生物防火林带。3.5生态型生物防火林带 ecological

belts具有水源涵养、水土保持等生态服务功能的生物防火林带。的林带密度宜大于

8

m/hm的林带密度宜大于

8

m/hm

，Ⅳ、Ⅴ等级区的林带密度宜大于

3

m/hm

。自然保护地、国有林场、重点公3.6经济型生物防火林带

belts能提供油料、干鲜果品、珍贵木材及其他林副特产品，具有一定经济效益的生物防火林带。3.7景观型生物防火林带

belts具有一定观赏价值的生物防火林带。4

建设原则生物防火林带建设宜遵循以下原则：——突出重点。优先在森林火灾频发易发林区和自然保护地、国有林场等重点保护林区开展建设；——封闭成网。与现有自然阻隔带、工程阻隔带和生物阻隔带相结合，组成封闭成网的林火阻隔系统；步验收；——协商共建。在行政界建设生物防火林带由相邻行政区协商共建。5

规划设计5.1 建设类型5.1.1 在宜林地、迹地、疏林地、连片落叶乔灌木林地和易燃针叶林地，以及生物防火林带年度造林成活率低于

41％的区域，应规划建设新建型生物防火林带。5.1.2 应规划建设改造型生物防火林带。5.2 林带等级5.2.1 接驳的人口集中区、集中墓葬区和能源设施等重点部位周边，宜规划建设主生物防火林带。5.2.2 小区分割线，宜规划建设副生物防火林带。5.2.3 林带宽度林带宽度应满足林火阻隔需求，一般不小于林带两侧成熟林木的最大树高。主防火林带宽度宜15

m～30

m，副防火林带宽度宜

10

m～15

m，风口或坡地上建设的防火林带可根据实际情况适当加宽。5.2.4 林带密度按

FXPC/LCP-04

2 2益林等林区可适当增加林带密度。5.2.5 林带通道应沿林带长度方向于林带的中心线或林带一侧，预留一条

2.5

m～5

m

宽的连续通道，供林带抚育、清除林地内的倒木、枯立木、濒死木、杂草杂灌等。清理后的地表可燃物干重应小于

t/hm

。DB43/T

2359—清除林地内的倒木、枯立木、濒死木、杂草杂灌等。清理后的地表可燃物干重应小于

t/hm

。扑火车辆与人员通行使用。5.2.6 储水设施宜沿林带长度方向每隔

m～

m

设置储水罐、储水缸或蓄水池等消防用储水设施。6

6.1 树种选择根据立地条件和林带类型因地制宜选择防火树种。推荐防火树种见附录

A。6.2 营造模式似的防火树种进行补植。6.3种苗采用容器苗执行

LY/T

规定；采用裸根苗执行

6000

规定。6.4 造林密度密度依树种、立地条件、林带类型、苗木规格等而定，适当密植，宜控制在

1.5

m×1.5

m～2

m×2

m

之间。6.5 营造技术6.5.1

1次～3

次伐除非目的树种。采伐技术要求按

LY/T

1646

规定执行。6.5.2 林地清理26.5.3 宜采用穴垦整地。植穴规格因树种、苗木规格和立地条件而异，按

GB/T

规定执行。6.5.4 采用植苗造林。栽植技术要求按

GB/T

15776

规定执行。7

7.1 按

LY/T

2616

规定进行抚育。7.2

85％但不低于

41％和造林第

3

年株数保存率低于

80％的地段及时补植。DB43/T

2359—8

当林带遭受外力破坏，树木死亡率大于

30％，以及出现其他林带防火功能严重下降的情况时，应及时更新。林带更新方法执行

LY/T

5007

规定。9

质量评价9.1 评价内容林带营造、补植和更新后按

GB/T

15776

规定进行年度造林质量评价、造林成效评价。9.2 评价方法以当年营造和管护的生物防火林带的长度为单位，采用随机抽样方法，抽取

3

个以上不小于

m的生物防火林带组成样本，在每个样本中对各项作业进行评价验收，抽样强度不小于

5％。10

档案管理10.1 建档要求以林带编号或段为基本单位建档。10.2 档案主要内容10.2.1 经营档案包括生物防火林带建设规划、设计文件；各经营阶段技术资料；各阶段的质量评价资料。10.2.2 财务档案包括投入与支出，经济效益等。10.2.3 制度法规档案包括生物防火林带建设法规与规章、规定与制度等管理档案；施工合同、监理合同、验收报告等。/mSchima

8001600Schima

9001700阳性

chinensis800阳性Cyclobalanopsisglauca800Cyclobalanopsis

gilva800Lithocarpus

glaber750偏阳性Castanopsissclerophylla800偏阳性Castanopsis

1500

rubra5001200偏阳性10Nageia

nagi120011Ligustrum

luci