中考英语语法专题2：冠词

语法专题：冠词【考点点拨】【考点1】不定冠词不定冠词a,an一般有any或one的意思,但不强调数目概念,只用来泛指事物,说明其名称或种类。1.不定冠词的用法用法例子aa用于以辅音发音开始的单词前。________________________一个超市anan用于以元音发音开始的单词前。________________________一部有趣的电影________________________一份令人激动的工作常见用法1.当第一次提到某人或某物时,用a或an起到介绍的作用。—What’s

this?

这是什么?—________________________.这是一个苹果。2.指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物。________________________________.一个男孩在找你3.表示数量,有“一”的意思,但数的概念没有one强烈。________________________________.这里有一个桌子和两个椅子4.表示“每一”,相当于every/each。____________________________________.我每周打五次篮球5.用在序数词前,表示“又一”、“再一”。________________________________________________.他们有一个女儿名叫简。不久,他们又有了第二个小孩。6.使物质或抽象名词具体化,表示“一次”“一种”“一场”等。________________一场大雨________________一阵强风7.用于可视为一体的两个名词前。a

knife

and

fork一副刀叉8.用在某些固定词组中。___________一些,少数几个（+可数名词）___________一点儿（+不可数名词）___________许多,大量2.不定冠词a或an的区别在名词前使用a或an取决于该名词的读音。如果该名词首字母的读音是辅音音素，则在名词前加a；如果首字母的读音是元音音素，则在名词前加an。注意:(1)a，e，i，o，u五个元音字母处于词首时，只有以a或i开头的名词前一定用an，以e，0，u开头的名词则未必都是元音音素，以下为特殊例子:以e开头_____Europeancountry以o开头_____one-year-oldgirl以u开头发本音/ju:/的单数可数名词前用__________usefulbook,_____universitystudent发其他音/ʌ/的单数可数名词前用__________umbrella,_____unusualstory,_____uncle特别留意_____hour_____honestboy(2)元音字母≠元音，辅音字母≠辅音以元音开头的字母有：A,E,F,H,I,L,M,N,O,R,S,X以辅音开头的字母有：B,C,D,G,J,K,P,Q,T,U,V,W,Y,ZYaomingis______NBAbasketballplayer.Thereis______UFOinthesky.【考题链接】()1.Iwentto_____supermarkettobuy_______birthdaygiftformyauntyesterday.A.an;aB.a;aC.the;/D./;the()2.Paperis_______usefulinvention.CaiLuninventeditaround2,000yearsago.A.anB.aC.theD./()3.Heis_______universitystudentandhecomesfrom_______islandinJapan.an;anB.an;aC.a:anD.a:a()4.Jeffis_______carelessboy.Healwaysdrops_______whenhewritestheword“successful.a;theB.a;anC.the;aD.the;an()5.Thereis_______“u”and_______“l”intheword“rule”.an;aB.a;anC.a;aD.an;an【考点2】定冠词用法例子1.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物_______________________________________.那个戴眼镜的男孩是汤姆。2.指上文已经提到的人或事物________________________________.我有一支钢笔，我很喜欢那只钢笔。3.用于表示演奏的乐器前_______________弹钢琴______________弹吉他4.指世界上独一无二的事物______________在世界上_______________在月球上特殊情况:______________一个美丽的世界______________一轮满月5.用在序数词、形容词最高级前。_____________________________________________他住在三楼_____________________________________________他是班上是最高的6.用在姓氏复数形式前,表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”_____________________________________________格林一家人住在一个大房子里7.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。_______________________长城_______________________科学博物馆8.用在某些形容词前,表示某一类人______________富人______________穷人9.用于一些表方位、时间的固定搭配中______________在东方，______________在早上【考题链接】()1.Ilike_________movieBigHero6,itis_______interestingfilm.A.an;aB.the;aC.the;anD.the;the()2.______GreatWallisoneofthesevenwondersaroundtheworld.anB.aC.theD./()3.Zhuhaiisabeautifulseasidecitythatliesin______southofChina.anB.aC.theD./()4.Imissed______“u”in______word“ruler”.A.an;aB.a;theC.the;anD.the;the()5.Hebeganlearningtoplay______violinwhenhewas20yearsold.

A.anB.aC.theD./【考点3】零冠词用法例子1.球类、棋类、三餐、学科和语言前______________打篮球______________下象棋______________吃早餐______________用英语2.年、月、星期、季节前______________在2019年______________在5月______________星期一______________在春天3.当名词前已有形容词性物主代词或有所有格修饰时,不必加冠词。______________________汤姆的最好的朋友4.在与by连用的交通工具前______________坐公交车______________坐火车5.表示人名、地名或国名的专有名词前____________在北京6.用于某些固定词组中____________在晚上____________去睡觉【考题链接】()1.Tosavetime,manystudentshave________lunchatschooleveryday.A.anB.aC.theD./()2.OurNationalDayison________firstdayin________October.A.a;anB.the;anC.the;/D.the;the()3.InevergotoNanjingby________plane.Instead,heistaking________train.

A./;a B.a;/ C.a;the D.the;a()4.Icanplay________chessbutIcan’tplay________piano.A./;theB./;/C.the;/D.the;the【真题回顾】一、语法选择()1.Judie’sdadagreedthatitwouldbeagoodideatomakeabutterflykite.Theymade…Thenextmorning,theytook________kitetotheparkandtestedit.

A.a B.an C.the D./()2.Alongtheriver,thereis________eight-kilometer-longwoodenwalkway.

A./ B.a C.an D.the()3.________newstudysaysthatgoingto________bedlateisharmfultoourhealth.

A./;/ B.A;/ C.A;the D.The;the()4.Davidthinkshardandhas4idea.

a B.an C.the D./()5.Wewillhave________bluerskyifwecreate________lesspollutedworldA./;a B.a;/ C.the;the D.a;a二、短文填空6.Onthegroundofthevillage,GrandpaHuanghaspainted_______lotofwell-knownChinesesayings.

7.Whenthefilmgroupmeet_______Smiths,theyfindthatMr.Smith,Mrs.Smithandtheirtwosonsaresocrazyabouttechnologythattheyhardlydothingstogether.8.Mr,Zhangliveswithhismother，andtheyloveoneanotherandlivehappylife.9.Justatthemoment,wesaw_______littleboystandingaloneandcrying.10.Iwassuchhelpfulandhonestworkerthatmybosswaspleasedwithme.11.ThefestivalisinmemoryofQuYuan,oneof_______greatestChinesepoets.

【模拟训练】根据短文内容，在横线上填入适当的冠词，不需填的地方用“/”。Asyoumayknow,coral(珊瑚)isnot1.plant,butananimal.However,coralreefs(珊瑚礁）aroundtheworldareindanger.Hereis2.pieceofbadnews.Thailandwillcloseoneofitsbeachestoprotectitscoralfrombusinessactivitiesfortourists.Thebeachissofamousthatmillionsoftouristsputitontheirwishlists.Morethan5,000visitorsvisitit3.day.Theyarriveby4.boat.Thisdoesmuchharmtothecoralreefs.Mostofthecoralhasdied.Thebeachwillbeclosedin5.Junetoletthecoralcomebacktolife.Experts(专家)saythat80%ofThailand'scoralreefshavebeenkilled.Toomanytouristscause6.lotofpollutiontothesebeaches.7.expertssaidthebiggestproblemswerehotelsbythebeaches,boats,andplasticwasteinthesea.Hebelieved8.bestchoicewastoclosethebeachesforever.Hesaid,“Ihopethegovernmentcantakestepstoprotectthecoralreefs.At9.sametime,Ialsohopeallofusshouldtr