专题13语法填空冲关真题训练备战高考英语大题冲关秘笈解析

备战2018年高考英语大题冲关秘笈专题13冲关真题训练题组一Cloze1(2017·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)话题词数难度参考用时正确率地铁的最初发展史201★★★☆☆10分钟阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible61(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand62work.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,63(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover64top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.Steamengines65(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen66(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing67everyday.Later,engineers68(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道）,whichbecameknowntothetube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe69(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost70(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地铁的最初发展史。61.crowds 【解析】考查名词，此处表示复数概念，crowd前没有冠词，且它是可数名词，故填crowds。62.from 【解析】考查介词，toandfrom来回，故填from。学@科网63.laying 【解析】考查动词，这里是由and连接的三个动词-ing形式，故填laying。64.the 【解析】考查名词，top是名词，前要用冠词，故填the.65.wereused 【解析】考查被动语态，此处表示过去的被动，故填wereused。66.fairly 67.it 【解析】考查代词，这里用it指代前句的railway,故填it。68.managed 【解析】考查动词，此处表示过去的情况，所以这里也应用一般过去时，故填roduction 【解析】考查词性转换，空格前是the,后面应该是名词，故填名词introduction。70.successful 【解析】考查形容词，空格前是most,其后要跟形容词构成最高级，故填successful。Cloze2（2017·新课标全国Ⅲ)话题词数难度参考用时正确率学业和诱人的职业面前如何选择215★★★☆☆11分钟阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Shelookslikeanyotherschoolgirl,fresh-facedandfulloflife.SarahThomasislookingforwardtothechallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term61(rest).Instead,sheisearning£6500adayas62modelinNewYork.Sarah63(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodelearningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveupschooltomodelfull-time.ButSarah,64hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants65(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher66(educate).Shehasturneddownseveral67(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.Afterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfull-timebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree68engineeringorarchitecture.Sarahsays,＂MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school69(come)first.I【解析】考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语I与动词allow之间存在被动关系，且前一句的＂was＂表明此处应用一般过去时，故填wasallowed。63.officially【解析】考查词性转换。修饰动词应该用副词，所以填officially。64.to【解析】考查介词。gobackto是固定搭配，意为＂追溯到＂。65.when66.permitted【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，permit与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，故填过去分词permitted作后置定语，相当于that/whowaspermitted。67.introducing【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词include后需跟动名词作宾语，所以此空填introducing。68.its【解析】考查代词。由语境及后面的名词mother可知，此空应该填it的形容词性物主代词its。69.days【解析】考查名词。由few修饰可数名词复数可知，此空填days。everyfewdays是＂每隔几天＂的意思。70.the【解析】考查冠词。这里【解析】考查的是one...theother...这一固定搭配，意为＂一个……另一个……Cloze2(2016·新课标全国卷II)话题词数难度参考用时正确率如何合理释放压力190★★★☆☆11分钟 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形。Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(识别)thoseof61(great)andlessimportance.Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou’llfeelarealsenseof62(achieve).Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow43(be)oftenacceptable.Mostofusaremorefocused64ourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.So,getanearlystartandtrytobeasproductive65possiblebeforelunch.Thiswillgiveyoutheconfidenceyouneedtogetyouthroughtheafternoonandgohomefeelingaccomplished.Recent66(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks67(regular).Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsidefor68while,exercising,ordongsomethingyouenjoy.Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you’llbelesslikely69(bring)yourworkhome.Itcouldbeanything-gardening,cooking,music,sports—butwhateveritis,70(make)sureit’sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.【语篇解读】本文属于说明，告诉我们当工作压力太大的时候，应该怎么做来合理释放压力。61.greater【解析】考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及下文的＂andlessimportance＂可知，此处应用形容词的比较级来修饰importance，故填greater。62.achievement【解析】考查词性转换。首先处理最重要的工作以便你能感到一种真实的成就感。介词后接名词，arealsenseofachievement意为＂一种真实的成就感＂。63.is64.on【解析】考查介词。我们中的大多数人在早上的时候会比我们在一天中的晚些时候更加集中于我们的工作。固定短语befocusedon意为＂集中于……＂。故填on。学#科网65.as66.studies【解析】考查名词复数。最新的研究表明，如果我们有规律地短暂休息的话，我们在工作中会变得高效得多。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词为show，为复数形式，且study作＂研究，调查＂讲时为可数名词，故主语应为复数。故填studies。67.regularly【解析】考查词性转换。副词修饰谓语动词take，故填regularly＂有规律地＂。68.a【解析】考查冠词。固定短语forawhile意为＂一会儿＂。69.tobring70.make【解析】考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知，but连接两个并列分句。其中第二个分句中，whatever引导让步状语从句，其后为祈使句充当主句。故填make。Cloze3(2016·新课标全国卷III)话题词数难度参考用时正确率筷子的悠久历史及文化内涵195★★★☆☆11分钟 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called＂ricebowl＂culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,61Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.TheChinesehaveusedchopsticksforfivethousandyears.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,64(use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.Overtime,65thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich66(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,67livedfromroughly551to479B.C.,influencedthe68(develop)ofchopsticks.Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand69(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat70the