2024届高考英语一轮总复习必修第三册Unit2MoralsandVirtues教师用书

UNIT2MORALSANDVIRTUES一、阅读词汇——在词块中明义1．aformofmoralinstruction 一种道德教育2．amanofvirtue 品格高尚的人3．afaintsmellofperfume 淡淡的香水味4．illustratemypoint 阐明我的观点5．entrustsomeone 委托某人6．returnfromafarawayplace 从遥远的地方归来7．atmidnight 在半夜8．foodimportedfromabroad 从外国进口的食物9．disguisethenorthernaccent 掩饰北方口音10．anoldfable 一个古老的寓言故事二、表达词汇——在语境中活用(一)在括号内写出蓝体词汇在语境中的汉语意思1．Wecannotaffordtowasteprecioustime.(adj.宝贵的)2．Ourcompanyhiredmanyforeignworkers.(vt.雇用)3．Overthepastdecade,thehillhasbecomegreen,andthelocalvillagehasgrownrich.(n.十年)4．Myarticlehasbeenpublished.(vt.发表)5．Hehasretiredfromhisjob.(vi.退休)6．Sticktoyourprinciplesandtellhimyouwon'tdoit.(n.原则)7．Theywantlesspassivewaysoffillingtheirtime.(adj.被动的)8．Thereisasharpincreaseinthenumberofthiskindofwildanimal.(adj.急剧的)9．Humanswillneverbereplacedbyrobots.(vt.取代)10．Hewhisperedtomewhetherhecouldexchangehisseatwithme.(vi.悄声说)11．Wewerebadlybittenbymosquitoes.(vt.咬)12．Weneedamoreflexibleapproachtotheproblem.(adj.灵活的)13．Tourismisamajorsourceofincomeforourtown.(n.收入)14．Imissedthetrainandthereforewaslateforwork.(adv.因此)(二)写出蓝体词汇的语境之义及拓展形式1．Themajorityofthestudentschosethescientist.(n.大多数)拓展：majoradj.主要的；多数的vi.主修2．Henevercomplainedabouthishardship.(vi.抱怨)拓展：complaintn．抱怨3．Irespondedtomyteacherpositively.(vi.回应)拓展：responsen．反应；回答；回复4．Irejectedhisinvitationtotheparty.(vt.拒绝接受)拓展：rejectionn．拒绝接受；否决5．Hewasappointedasthemonitor.(vt.任命)拓展：appointmentn．约会；任命6．They'veelectedthenewpresident.(vt.选举)拓展：electionn．选举；推选；当选7．Shesavedandtendedtheanimalswell.(vt.照顾)拓展：tendencyn．倾向；偏好8．Thestrangesoundscaredthegirl.(vt.使害怕)拓展：scaredadj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scaryadj.恐怖的；可怕的9．Hewashardworkingandenergetic.(adj.精力充沛的)拓展：energyn．能量；精力10．Thedoctorperformedtheoperation.(n.手术)拓展：operatevi.工作；运转；动手术vt.操作→operatorn．操作员11．Heassistedtheoldmaninhavingfirstaid.(vt.帮助)拓展：assistancen．帮助；协助→assistantn．助手；助理；售货员12．Theairpollutioncanharmtheenvironment.(vt.伤害)拓展：harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.无害的三、词块短语——在语境中辨义活用(写出加黑部分在语境中的汉语意思)1．Inordertobemorecharmingandslimmer,girlstendtogoonadiet.往往2．Theirsupportcarriedusthroughthehardyear.帮助我们渡过难关3．Inwhichyeardidhepassaway?去世4．TheDragonBoatFestivalisheldeveryyearonMay5thinmemoryofQuYuan.作为对……纪念5．Don'ttripoverthetoy.被……绊倒6．Sheleftherfamilyintears.含着泪7．Beingindebt,heisindespair.处于绝望中8．Asamatteroffact，Ilearnedagreatdealfromthefamousphysicianwhopassedawayjustnow.大量四、经典句式——在佳句背诵中品悟规则用法1.教材原句Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife,andiftheyentrustmewiththatlife,howcouldIrefusethattrust,sayingI'mcold,hungry,ortired？(“否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级意义)对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？写作亮句OnlythendidIrealizethatnothingismoremeaningfulthanhelpingothers.直到那时，我才意识到没有什么比帮助别人更有意义的事了。文化典句Wecan,therefore,cometotheconclusionthatnothingismorepreciousthanpeaceintheworld.因此，我们可以得出结论：世上和平最珍贵。2.教材原句ThenewPeople'sRepublicofChinasawDrLinQiaozhiplayingakeyrole.(see意为“见证”的拟人用法)中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了关键的作用。写作亮句(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ写作)LastSundaysawanextraordinarycross-countryrunningrace.上周日，举行了一场非同寻常的越野赛跑。文化典句Thepastfewdecadeshaveseenthesharpdevelopmentofourcountry,fromstandingupbravely,growingrichtobecomingstrong.过去的几十年我们国家飞速发展，从勇敢地站起来、富起来到强大起来。五、“续写”片段——在背诵中品悟如何写靓写美心理或动作描写之“羞愧与生气”Atthatmoment,thedoorswungopen,andRoywalkedin.Seeingthenotesinmyhands,Roylookeddownattheground,notdaringtolookatme.“Roy,whydidyoudothat？”Iaskedwithmybodytremblingwithanger.“Sorry,Daniel.It'sdifficultformymumtosupportourfamilybyherself.We'vebeengoingthroughsomefinancialdifficultiesrecently.”Hearingthis,IwalkedtowardsRoyandhuggedhimtightly.“Youshouldhavetoldme，”Iwhispered.这时，门打开了，罗伊走了进来。看到我手里的纸币，罗伊低头看着地面，不敢看我。“罗伊，你为什么这么做？”我气得浑身发抖。“对不起，丹尼尔。我妈妈很难独自养家。我们最近遇到了一些经济困难。”听到这话，我走向罗伊，紧紧地拥抱了他。“你应该告诉我的，”我低声说。[点评]本段通过使用lookeddownat,notdaringtolookat,withmybodytremblingwithanger等形象地刻画了Roy的羞愧以及Daniel愤怒的心情。1．respondvt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Theresidentphysicianrespondedtothecomplaintsofhispatientsimmediately.②Thisisdonemainlytoincreaseproductivity，inresponsetothechallengeofforeigncompetition.③Shemadenoresponse(respond),whichmademeveryangry.[系统归纳](1)respondto 对……做出回应或反应；答复(2)responsen. 回答；回复；反应inresponseto 响应；对……做出反应makea/noresponseto 对……做出回应/不予回应(3)以上短语中的to是介词，后接名词、代词或v.-ing形式。2．appointvt.任命；委派；约定；指定(时间、地点等)[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Hewasappointedaschairmanoftheunion，butherejectedthepositionsomehow.②Ihaveanappointment(appoint)withDrSmith，butIneedtochangeit.③Thedirectorappointedhimto_look(look)intothosecomplaints.④Ihavetoapologizetoyoufornotbeingabletoaccompanyyoutothebookshopattheappointed(appoint)time.[系统归纳](1)appointsb.as/tobe... 任命某人为……appointsb.todosth. 委派某人做某事(2)appointmentn. 约会；任命make/haveanappointment(withsb.) (与某人)约会/预约(3)appointedadj. 约定的；指定的3．tendvt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Ifyouarenotcareful,childrentendto_neglect(neglect)theirhomework.②Shewasinthebedroomtending(tend)toherson.③Itisreportedthathousingpriceshaveatendency(tend)todecreaseinsomecities.[系统归纳](1)tendtodosth. 易于做某事；往往会发生某事tend(to)sb./sth. 照看某人/某物(2)tendencyn. 倾向；偏好haveatendencytodosth. 有做某事的倾向4．whispervi.&vt.悄声说；耳语；低语n.耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传[题点全练](单句语法填空/语境填空)①Itwas_whispered(whisper)thathewouldreturntothefootballfieldthenextmonth.②IsawJennyandHelentalkingtoeachotherinawhisper/inwhispers(whisper)．SuddenlyJennyleanedoverandwhisperedsomethinginHelen'sear.Iwantedtoknowwhattheywerewhisperingabout.IwhisperedtoMarythatIwouldsneakclosetofinditout.[系统归纳](1)whispertosb. 与某人耳语whispersth.inone'sear 在某人耳旁小声说某事Itis/waswhisperedthat... 据秘密传闻……(2)inawhisper＝inwhispers 耳语地；低声地5．harmn．&vt.伤害；损害；危害[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Asweallknow,abadeatinghabitisharmful(harm)toone'shealth.②Agreatdealoftensiontendstodoharmtopeople'shealthmentally.③AsfarasI'mconcerned,thereisnoharminmakinganapologytohimfirst.[系统归纳](1)doharmto... 对……造成伤害/有害thereisnoharmindoingsth. 做某事没有害处(2)harmfuladj. 有害的beharmfulto 对……有害6．carrysb.throughsth.帮助某人渡过难关[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Itwasherfamilymembers'loveandcarethatcarriedherthroughthattoughperiod.②Inmyopinion,theplanshouldbecarriedoutimmediately.③Onlywhenyouareingoodhealthcanyoucarryonstudying.[系统归纳]carryondoing/with... 继续做……carryout 执行；实施1．replacevt.接替；取代；更换；代替；把……放回原处[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Itisstillunderdiscussionwhethertheoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwith/byamodernhotelornot.②Doyouthinkthatcomputerswillreplacehumansasteachersinthefuture?[进阶学习]系统归纳replacesth.with/bysth.用某物替换某物replacesb.as...取代某人成为……联想拓展表示“代替某人”的同义短语：inplaceofsb.，inone'splace，taketheplaceofsb.，takeone'splace[练重难点](同义句转换/完成句子)③JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingtoreplacehim.→JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingtotake_the_place_of_him/take_his_place.④Afteraheateddiscussion,weagreedonmakingavideoin_place_of_an_album.经过热烈的讨论后，我们决定制作一个视频来代替相册。2．assistvt.帮助；援助；协助[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Theyhiredanursetoassisttheirmotherwithherlifeuntilshepassedaway.②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Wheneverwemeetwithproblems,ourEnglishteacherisalwaystheretoassistusto_overcome(overcome)them.[进阶学习]系统归纳assistsb.todosth.帮助某人做某事assistsb.withsth.帮助某人某事难点释解(1)assistsb.的另一种表达形式：cometoone'sassistance(援助某人)(2)withthehelpof的同义表达：withtheassistanceof...(在……的帮助下)[练重难点](词汇升级/完成句子)③(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ写作)Whenhewasworriedthathecouldn'tselloutthepopcorn，Johnassistedhim.came_to_his_assistance④(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ写作)With_the_assistance_of_their_mother，theymanagedtomakedeliciouspopcorn.在他们的妈妈的帮助下，他们设法做出了美味的爆米花。3．agreat/gooddeal(of)大量；许多(的)[题点全练]对比填空(agreatdeal/agreatdealof)①Ilearneda_great_dealfromthetrip.②Typically,fishingisahobbywhichcallsfora_great_deal_ofpatience.[进阶学习]系统归纳(1)agreat/gooddeal用作副词短语时，可用于修饰形容词、副词比较级来加强程度，也可以用来修饰动词作状语。(2)agreat/gooddealof意为“许多的，大量的”，只能修饰不可数名词。难点释解agreatdeal用作名词短语时，意为“大量，许多”，作主语或者宾语。[练重难点](单句语法填空)③Agreatdealhas(have)beenstudiedandthisisthebestway.1．“否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级意义[用法规则]常用的表示最高级的结构：(1)“否定词＋比较级”结构，意为“没有比……更……的了；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no,not,never,nothing,nobody,hardly等。(2)比较级＋than＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(anyother＋单数名词,alltheother＋复数名词,anyoneelse,anyoftheother＋复数名词,therestof＋复数名词或不可数名词))(3)can/could＋never/not＋be＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(形容词/副词＋enough,too＋形容词/副词))[应用体验](句型转换/完成句子)①Tomistallerthananyotherstudentinourclass.→Tomistallerthanall_the_other_studentsinourclass.(all)→Tomistallerthanany_of_the_other_studentsinourclass.(any)→Tomistallerthanthe_rest_of_studentsinourclass.(therest)②Yourstoryisperfect;I've_never_heard_a_better_one_before.你的故事很完美，我之前从来没有听过比这更好的故事。③Youcan_never_be_too_carefulwhilecrossingthestreet.过马路时，你越小心越好。2．see意为“见证”的拟人用法[用法规则](1)see意为“见证；目睹；经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。(2)与see用法相同的动词有find,witness,experience等，这些词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的修辞手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。[应用体验](完成句子/翻译句子)①NationalDaysaw_people_singing_and_dancing_happilyinthestreets.Theywereallverycheerful.国庆节目睹了人们在大街上高兴地又唱又跳。他们都兴高采烈。②The_last_thirty_years_have_witnessedalargenumberoflawsguaranteeingusourrights.过去的三十年里制订了大量保障我们权利的法律。③MorningfoundMaryknittingbythewindow.清晨，玛丽在窗边织毛衣。eq\a\vs4\al(\b\lc\|\rc\|(\a\vs4\al\co1(写作主题——优秀品行)))优秀品行是一个人独特的魅力所在，只有具备了优秀的品质，我们才能实现人生的价值，创造出卓越和精彩的人生。通过对该主题的考查，可以引导学生通过探讨生活中常见的“道德困境”、人生中的抉择、如何传递爱心、如何面对问题和障碍、如何善待他人等诸多与社会生活紧密相关的话题，启发学生思考、分析、理解和领悟生活中的人与事，帮助他们树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观。如：2021年浙江6月高考读后续写，讲述了“我”暑假时打工挣钱贴补家用的故事。MOTHEROFTENTHOUSANDBABIES(节选自人教版教材必修第三册UNIT2)“Lifeisprecious....❶Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife,andiftheyentrustmewiththatlife,howcouldIrefusethattrust,sayingI'mcold,hungry,ortired？”ThesewordsofDrLinQiaozhigiveusalookintotheheartofthisamazingwoman,andwhatcarriedherthroughalifeofhardchoices.(通过引用林巧稚医生的一番话，刻画了这位伟大女性的内心世界，为下文描述支撑着她走过充满艰难抉择的一生的优秀品行做好了铺垫)(LinQiaozhiwasdeterminedtostudymedicinewhenshewasyoung.Attheageof26,LinQiaozhigraduatedfromPekingUnionMedicalCollegeandlaterwenttostudyabroad.Althoughherforeigncounterpartsinvitedhertostay,DrLindeclinedtheinvitation.Shewantstoservethewomenandchildrenofhercountry.)❷In1941,DrLinbecamethefirstChinesewomanevertobeappointeddirectoroftheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital,butjustafewmonthslater,thedepartmentwasclosedbecauseofthewar.Thinkingofallthepeoplestillinneedofhelp,DrLinopenedaprivateclinic.Shechargedverylowfeestotreatpatientsandoftenreducedcostsforpoorpatients.Attimesshewasevenseenridingadonkeytofarawayvillagestoprovidemedicalcare.(本段叙述了在战争期间，林巧稚竭尽所能给人们提供医疗帮助)ThenewPeople'sRepublicofChinasawDrLinQiaozhiplayingakeyrole.(段落主题句，指出了林医生在中华人民共和国成立后发挥的重要作用)In1954,shewaselectedtothefirstNationalPeople'sCongressand,overthenextseveraldecades,sheheldmanyimportantpositions.Herheart,however,waselsewhere.Shewasmoreinterestedintendingpatients,publishingmedicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren,andtrainingthenextgenerationofdoctors.(and连接三个并列动词，形象地描绘了林医生致力于医学事业的优秀品行和强烈的社会责任感)“TheOB-GYNdepartmentcaresfortwolives，”Shetoldnewstaffinherdepartment.❸“Asdoctors,weshouldberesponsibleforthepatientsandtreatthemasoursisters.”ThoughLinQiaozhinevermarried,shewasknownasthe“motheroftenthousandbabies”，havingdeliveredover50,000babiesinherlifetime.❹DrLindidnotretireuntilthedayshedied,22April1983.Sinceshehadnochildrenofherown,shelefthersavingstoakindergartenandafundfornewdoctors.Andevenasshelaydying,herfinalthoughtswereforothers.“I'mreadytogo，”shesaid.“Don'ttrytorescuemeanymore.Don'twastethemedicineanymore.”(高度评价了林巧稚的非凡成就和高贵品质)由教材学写法1．学亮点词汇第一段中的entrust一词描述了病人对林巧稚的信任，且与该句中的trust形成呼应，增加了语言的韵律美。第四段中的key一词写出了林巧稚在中华人民共和国成立后发挥的重要作用。文章结尾处连用两个not...anymore写出了林巧稚的大爱无私的高贵品格。2．学高级句式句❶是一个多重复合句，and连接两个并列分句，并列分句中又含有主从复合句。第一分句运用了否定词nothing与比较级moreprecious连用，强调了生命的宝贵。第二分句中if引导条件状语从句，主句中现在分词短语saying和其后省略连接词that的宾语从句一起作伴随状语。此处展示了林巧稚医生的仁慈而伟大的内心世界。句❷是一个并列复合句，转折连词but连接两个并列分句。在第一分句中，不定式短语修饰被序数词限定的名词短语thefirstChinesewoman。强调了林医生因为优秀而成为北京协和医学院妇产科的首位中国女主任。句❹运用了not...until...结构，突出了林医生坚守岗位直至生命最后一天的无私奉献精神，令人敬佩。3．学修辞手法句❸中把患者比作自己的姐妹，朴实、形象又具体地表现了林巧稚医生把病人看作家人，全心为病人着想的大爱无私的精神。Ⅰ.多积词块——丰富表达方式1．express/conveyone'sthanksto 表达对……的感激2．have/takeapositiveattitudetolife 以积极的态度对待生活3．infavourof 支持；赞成4．developaninterestin 培养……的兴趣5．enjoy/fancydoingsth. 喜爱做某事6．haveapreference/fancyfor 喜爱7．devoteoneselfto 致力于8．inone'ssparetime 在某人的业余时间9．prefer...to (与……相比)更喜欢10．makecontributionstosociety 为社会做贡献Ⅱ.多积佳句——彰显表达功底1．AsfarasI'mconcerned,mymotherisalwayshelpingourneighboursorstrangers，whichmakeshergaingoodhonoursinourvillage.就我而言，我的母亲总是帮助我们的邻居或陌生人，这使她在我们的村子里获得了良好的声誉。2．BorninAmerica,inJune,1880,HelenKellerwasoneofthegreatestwomeninthe20thcentury.海伦·凯勒于1880年6月出生于美国，是二十世纪最杰出的女性之一。3.MostpeopleknowthatMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize,andthefirstpersontowinittwice.许多人都知道居里夫人是第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女士，同时也是两次获此殊荣的第一人。4．Lifeismeasuredbythoughtandaction,notbytime.人生的意义要以思想和行为来衡量，而非生命之长短。一、作文补写表达亮下面是一篇介绍林巧稚的短文，请根据提示，运用上面所学，将文章补充完整。LinQiaozhiinMyEyesLinQiaozhi,❶known_as_“mother_of_ten_thousand_babies”(闻名于世的“万婴之母”),isrespectedforeverbyusall.❷Born_in_1901(出生于1901年),LinQiaozhi❸devoted_herself_to(她致力于)medicalcausewithoutthinkingofmarriagethroughoutherlife.She❹delivered_50,000_babies(接生了五万个婴儿)inherlifetimeand❺didn't_retire_until_she_passed_away(她直到去世才退休)on22April1983.Shealsolefthersavingstoakindergartenandafundfornewdoctors.❻What_strikes_me_most(最让我感动的)isthatsheneverthoughtofherselfbutofothers.Evenasshelaydying,shechosetohelpothersandrequestedthedoctorstousethemedicineonotherpatients.LinQiaozhiwas❼such_a_selfless_person_that_she_deserves_our_respect_forever(如此无私的一个人以至于她永远受到我们的尊重)．二、续写语段思维活结合主题，根据下面给出的开头语和情节脉络续写一个80词左右的片段。情节脉络：Tess的弟弟得了重病，需要手术→Tess的父母付不起高昂的手术费。Tess听到父亲悲伤地对母亲说，“现在只有奇迹才能救他。”→Tess抱着自己的存钱罐去找医生→医生正在和自己远道而来的弟弟聊天，那是个穿着考究的人(awell-dressedman)→Tess打断了他们的谈话，向医生请求买一个“奇迹”→那个穿着考究的人听了Tess为弟弟购买“奇迹”的原因，询问Tess有多少钱→“一美元十一美分，”Tess低声回答……“Well,whatacoincidence，”smiledtheman.参考范文：“Well,whatacoincidence，”smiledtheman.“Onedollarandelevencents.Thatistheexactpriceofamiracleforyourlittlebrother.”Hetookhermoneyinonehandandsaid,“Now,takemetoyourhome.Iwanttoseeyourbrotherandmeetyourparents.Let'sseeifIhavethekindofmiracleyouneed.”Thewell-dressedmanhappenedtobeafamousdoctor.Havingcarefullyexaminedthelittlechild,hehelpedtheparentssendthesickboytothecity'sbesthospital,whereheperformedansuccessfuloperationonhim.Tessandherfamilywereverygratefultothemanandsaid,“Youarethemiracle！”课时作业(一)语篇阅读训练——保准度Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2023·珠海一模)WhenRandyHeisswenthikingbehindhisPatagonia,Ariz.farm,thelastthingheexpectedtofindwasaChristmaslistfromalittlegirlacrosstheUS­Mexicoborder.“IfoundthisballoononmymorningwalknearPatagoniaonSunday.AttachedtoitwasapieceofpaperwiththeChristmaswishesfromalittlegirl，”HeisswroteonhisFacebookpage.Whenhebroughtthelisthometohiswife,whospeaksfluentSpanish,theydeterminedthatthelittlegirlhadaskedforEnchantimalstoys,clothes,artsuppliesandvariousothergifts.That'swhenHeisssetouttomakethelittlegirl'sChristmasdreamscometrue.HeisssaidhehadattemptedtosendChristmasletterstoSantaClausviaballoonwhenhewasakidbutneverreceivedaresponse.HeisssentaFacebookmessageonWednesdaytoXENY,aradiostationinNogales,toseeifitcouldhelphimtrackdownthegirlorherfamily.Helaterreceivedaresponsefromthestation,whichhaddeterminedtheauthoroftheletterwasan8­year­oldgirlnamedDayami,andthestationwantedtosetupameetingbetweenthetwoonThursday.“Itjustchangedmyentireday，”HeisstoldtheWashingtonPost.“InsteadofgoingbacktomyofficeinBisbee,IwentwithmywifetoWalmart.”ThecoupleboughtalmosteverythingonDayami'slist.TheyalsobroughtafewgiftsforDayami'slittlesister,Ximena.Theytoldthechildrentheywere“ayudantesdeSanta”，orSanta'shelpers.Heiss,60,saidtheexperiencewasveryhealingforhimandhiswife.Nineyearsago，thecouple'sonlysondied.“BeingaroundchildrenatChristmastimehasbeenabsentinourlives，”Heisssaid.“Wenowhavefriendsforlife.Foraday,thatborderfencewithitsconcertinawiremeltedaway.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，记叙了RandyHeiss在亚利桑那州巴塔哥尼亚徒步旅行时，意外收到了来自美墨边境的一个小女孩的圣诞礼物清单。女孩通过气球来发送圣诞愿望。在妻子的帮助下，他们开始帮助女孩实现愿望。1．HowdidDayamisendoutherChristmaswishes?A．BycallingHeiss.B．Byattachingthemtoaballoon.C．Bywritingtoaradiostation.D．BysendingaFacebookmessage.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段可知，小女孩就是Dayami，她是通过把愿望绑在气球上发送圣诞愿望的。2．WhendidHeissknowwhatthegirlexactlywanted?A．Afterthehelpofhiswife.B．Whenhefoundtheballoon.C．AftertheirmeetinginAmerica.D．Whenhegotaresponsefromtheradiostation.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，当他把单子带回家给能说一口流利西班牙语的妻子时，他们断定小女孩想要的是《丛林小精灵》的玩具、衣服、美术用品和其他各种各样的礼物。即他是通过妻子的帮助之后知道女孩到底想要什么礼物。3．WhatmightmakeHeissdecidetofulfillthelittlegirl'sChristmaswishes?A．Hisson'swill.B．Thegirlsrequestforhelp.C．Hissimilarunsuccessfulexperience.D．Hisdesiretomakefriendswiththegirl.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，当他还是个孩子的时候，他曾试图通过气球给圣诞老人寄圣诞信，但从未收到任何回复。由此可知他有和女孩相似的但不成功的经历，因此他决定帮助女孩实现愿望。4．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Thecouplegotoutofthepaincompletely.B．Theexperiencewasagreatrelieftothecouple.C．ThecouplewouldhelpmorechildrenfromMexico.D．Therewillbenoborderbetweencountriesoneday.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，Heiss说这段经历对他和他的妻子来说都具有疗伤功能。因为他们九年前失去了唯一的儿子，因此这次经历对他们来说是一种很大的安慰。BEighthoursand48milesintowhatwassupposedtobea24­hourrun,DanFrankenteredhisColumbia,MD,homeat2amlastSaturdayandsatonthesofainthelivingroom.Frank,a36­year­oldwhoteachesmathsatPaintBranchHighinBurtonsville,runsasahobby,andabouttwoweeksearlierhesetaplanofrunningfor24straighthoursinsupportoftheHowardCountyFoodBankduringthepandemicoutbreak.Buthehit_a_wall.Frankdidn'tstaylong.Hegotbackup,hadalottoeatanddrink,andreturnedtorunningHowardCounty'sroads,“Itwaslike:‘Allright,well,youcan'timaginegettingup,butitdoesn'treallymatter.Otherpeoplearedependingonthis,sogetupandgo，’”saidFrank,whopostedupdatesofhisrunonFacebook.Latelastmonth,DavidKilgore,a28­year­oldwhohasmadeacareeroutofrunning,ran100milesinabout17hours47minutesinFloridatohelpprovidemedicalworkerswithsupportivefootwear.Frankbrainstormedhisideaandranforabouttwoweekswhilehepreparedfortheonlineclassesheisnowteaching.Frankbeganrunningaboutfiveyearsago,andhehasalwaysfeltroadracesweretooseriousforhim.Still,hewasencouragedtoprovideforthoseinneed.HischildrenattendPhelpsLuckElementary,whereeverymonthamobilefoodpantry(储藏柜)isstationed.“Overthepastmonth,fewerdonationshavebeenmadetothefoodbank，”hesaid.“Ingoodtimes,about40familiesshowupeverytimewehavethatmobilefoodpantry,andIcan'timaginewhatitmightbelikenow,withsomanypeoplelosingtheirjobs.”OnSundaynightFrankhadraisednearlyD|S12,000fortheHowardCountyFoodBank.“Thecoolestpartbesidesraisingthemoneyiswatchingacommunitydoacommoncauseinthesetimes，”Franksaid.“Peoplearelookingforthingslikethatnightnow.They'reathomeonFacebookanyway;theywanttocheersomethingonthathassomegoodmeaningbehindit.”eq\x(语篇解读：本文是记叙文。一名数学老师连续跑步24小时为当地的食物银行筹款。)5．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“hitawall”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Losthisway.B．Madenoprogress.C．Gotseriouslyhurt.D．Becameterriblytired.解析：选D词义猜测题。由第一段的描述及第三段第一、二句可推断，Frank当时应该是筋疲力尽、体力不支。6．WhatgaveFranktheideatorunforagoodcause?A．Theencouragementfromhisonlinefriends.B．Theadviceofamedicalworker.C．Anotherrunner'skindact.D．Hisgreatloveforrunning.解析：选C细节理解题。第四段中讲述了一名职业跑步者通过跑步做慈善的故事。结合该段中的“Frankbrainstormedhisidea”可知，Frank知道了该职业跑步者的暖心故事后，萌生了跑步为当地的食物银行筹款的想法。7．WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinParagraph5?A．Themobilefoodpantryispopularamongmanypeople.B．Therehasbeenagreatneedforfoodinthelocalcommunity.C．Frankmadeithistasktodosomethingforhischildren'sschool.D．Moreandmorepeopleareunwillingtosupportfeedinglocalfamilies.解析：选B推理判断题。由第五段可知，当地有些居民本来就食物短缺，现在既得不到救济的食物，又丢掉了工作。由此可推断，他们非常需要食物。8．HowdidFrank'smoney­raisingrunturnout?A．Itdrewpeople'sattentiontoexercise.B．Itreceivedalotofsupportfromothers.C．Itraisedasmuchmoneyashehadexpected.D．Itencouragedothercommunitiestodothesame.解析：选B推理判断题。第三段中提到Frank在Facebook上发布自己跑步的最新信息。最后一段中提到周日晚上他已经筹到将近12,000美元。可推断，Frank通过跑步筹款的举动得到了许多人的支持。Ⅱ.阅读七选五LeanneCarrascoordered95pizzas.Thehighschoolseniorandherfriendsfilledupgoodybags.Butthiswasnotyourtypicalgraduationparty.__9__Instead,shedecidedtomarkherhighschoolgraduationbygivingbacktothecommunity.SoshethrewapizzapartyatahomelessshelterforwomenandchildreninHouston,Texas.Ittookheramonthtoprepare.Carrascohadvolunteeredbefore,withherfamily,attheStarofHopeFamilyDevelopmentCentre.Butthistimewasdifferent.__10__Inthemonthleadinguptothepartytheycollectedtoothbrushes,toothpasteandsoap.Theypackedtheminto400bagstohandouttoresidentsoftheshelter.OnSunday,itwaspartytime.Thepizzawasahit,andsowerethebags.__11__Theyhadrespectforthesepeople.Theymadesuretheresidentsknewthatsomeonecared.InallCarrascoandherfriendsservedabout200people.Fortheshelterresidents,itwasamagicalday.__12__Carrascodidagoodjobbutshewon'tletitgotoherheadanytimesoon.ThegraduatingseniorplanstostudynursingatBriarCliffUniversityinIowainthefall.__13__“I'drathermakeadifferenceinthelivesofthehomelessresidentsatStarofHopethanhaveabigparty，”shesaid.A．Carrascodidn'twantthat.B．Shewasabletothinkofotherpeople.C．TheylineduptogivethankstoCarrasco.D．Shesaidshewouldcontinuegivingback.E．Carrascodecidedtospendmoneyonaparty.F．Sheinvitedagroupofherfriendsandgottowork.G．ButCarrascoandherfriendsgavetheresidentssomethingmorethanjustfoodandsoap.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。高中生LeanneCarrasco通过为无家可归的人举办比萨派对来庆祝自己高中毕业。9．选A本空后提到Carrasco决定以回馈社区的方式来纪念自己高中毕业。由此可知，她不想像其他同学那样举办毕业派对，故选A项。A项中的that指代上文提到的typicalgraduationparty。10．选F本空以及下文描述Carrasco准备比萨派对的过程，也在说明这次活动和她以前与父母一起参加的志愿活动的不同之处。结合下文中的Carrascoandherfriends可知，本空应讲述的是Carrasco和朋友一起准备比萨派对，故选F项。11．选G本空前提到Carrasco和朋友们提供的比萨和装有清洁用品的清洁包很受欢迎；空后说明Carrasco和朋友们尊重、关爱住在收容所的人们。因此，本空内容应起承上启下的作用，G项符合语境。12．选C本空前提到对于住在收容所的人来说，那是很愉快的一天。所有选项中，只有C项符合语境。C项中的They指代shelterresidents。13．选D上文提到Carrasco高中毕业后的打算，结合本空后她所说的话可知，她还会继续帮助收容所的人们，D项符合语境。Ⅲ.完形填空(2023·日照二模)OfthemanyinteractionsIhadwithmymotheryearsago,onestandsout.Irememberthe__14__whenmumsentmetothemainroad,abouttwentyyardsawayfromthefarmhouse,to__15__apassinggroupofseasonalwork­seekershomefora__16__.Imadeafireandwasthento__17__themealforthem.Thethoughtofcookinginalargethree­leggedpotinthathighheatwassufficientto__18__me.Ididnotmanageto__19__myfeelingsfrommymother,andaftertheservice,shecalledmetothebalcony(阳台),whereshe__20__sattoattendtohersewing.Lookingstraightintomyeyes,shesaid,“Johnson,whywereyou__21__whenIrequestedyoutoarrangeamealforthose__22__people？”Despitemyattempttodenyher__23__，andusingtheheatofthefireasan__24__formybadbehaviour,mumsaid,“Afoothasnonose.”Itmeans,“Youcan'tdetectwhat__25__maylieaheadofyou.”IfIhad__26__thegroupofpeopleameal,itmayhavehappenedthat,inmy__27__sometimeinthefuture,Ifoundmyselfatthemercyofthoseveryindividuals.__28__thatwasnotenoughtoshameme,Mumcontinued,“Apersonisapersonbecauseofanotherperson.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。几年前，母亲让“我”邀请一群路过此地找工作的人到家吃饭。母亲让“我”认识到：你不知道未来的人生中会遇到什么麻烦，帮助他人就是帮助自己。14．A.period B．occasionC．story D．quarrel解析：选B根据语境，作者讲述自己的经历，occasion这里指“……的时候”。15．A.send B．demandC．invite D．guide解析：选C根据下文“Imadeafireandwasthento________themealforthem.”，可知，此处是“邀请”一群路过此地找工作的人到家里。16．A.rest B．chatC．night D．meal解析：选D下句中的meal是提示。17．A.prepare B．begC．order D．buy解析：选A根据上文“Imadeafire”可知，“我”生了火，然后“准备”做饭。18．A.satisfy B．attractC．please D．upset解析：选D根据下文妈妈对“我”的劝说可知，“我”此刻为陌生人做饭并不甘心而是心烦意乱。19．A.hide B．expressC．defend D．change解析：选A根据下文母亲找“我”谈话可判断，“我”没能“掩盖住”自己的情绪。20．A.deliberately B．usuallyC．currently D．secretly解析：选B根据语境，阳台是母亲“经常”缝纫的地方。21．A.fearful B．contentC．excited D．unhappy解析：选D母亲问“我”为什么“不开心”。本空与18题相呼应。22．A.poor B．braveC．weak D．homeless解析：选A在母亲看来，那些人是“令人同情的，可怜的”。23．A.praise B．suggestionC．charge D．encouragement解析：选C根据语境可知，“我”试图否认母亲的“指责”。charge此处意为“指责”。24．A.opinion B．excuseC．argument D．idea解析：选B根据语境可知，“我”在为自己的不当行为找“借口”。25．A.fortune B．disasterC．trouble D．deal解析：选C母亲用一句谚语“Afoothasnonose.”想告诉“我”：一个人无法察觉前面会有什么“麻烦”，所以要懂得帮助别人。26．A.booked B．packedC．offered D．denied解析：选D本句使用了虚拟语气。如果“我”当时“拒绝”给这群人一顿饭，可能会发生这样的事情：在未来的