2024届高考英语一轮总复习选择性必修第二册Unit3FoodandCulture教师用书

UNIT3FOODANDCULTURE一、阅读词汇——在词块中明义1．Italiancuisine 意大利风味2．badtemper 坏脾气3．abrandofcigarette 一种香烟品牌4．basicingredient 基本成分5．inthecanteen 在食堂6．thehotelcafeteria 宾馆自助餐厅7．astringofpearls 一串珍珠8．calorieintake 卡路里摄入量9．aseparatecategory 一个单独的类别10．Afundamentalhumanright 一项基本的人权二、表达词汇——在语境中活用(一)在括号内写出蓝体词汇在语境中的汉语意思1．Thisrecipeisanadaptationofanoldfavourite.(n.食谱)2．Istuffedmyhandsinmypockets.(vt.把……塞进)3．Rosefindsherfurnitureinjunkshops.(n.无用的东西)4．Histheoriesaresomewhatremotefromreality.(adv.有点；稍微)5．Theclubwelcomesallnewmembersregardlessofage.(adv.不顾)6．Pricesvaryaccordingtothequantityordered.(n.数量)7．ShedecidedthatIwastheidealpersontotakeoverthejob.(adj.理想的)8．Becertaintoeatslowlyandchewyourfoodextremelywell.(vt.咀嚼)9．Themorelearnedamanis,themoremodestheusuallyis.(adj.谦虚的)10．Weareplayingatrickonamanwhokeepsbotheringme.(n.把戏)(二)写出蓝体词汇的语境之义及拓展形式1．Heclaimedhehadnopriorknowledgeoftheprotest.(adj.先前的)拓展：priorityn．优先事项；优先；优先权2．Happinessdoesnotconsistinhowmanypossessionsyouown.(vi.在于)拓展：consistentadj.一致的；连续的→consistentlyadv.始终如一地；一贯地3．Attheageoffiveheshowedexceptionaltalentasamusician.(adj.特别的)拓展：exceptprep.除……之外→exceptionn．例外→exceptionallyadv.极其；非常4．Someofthemearnbelowtheminimumwage.(adj.最低的)拓展：maximumadj.最高的；最多的；最大极限的n．最大量；最大限度；最高限度5．Marthawouldconsumenearlyapoundofcheeseperday.(v.吃)拓展：consumern．消费者→consumptionn．消费；消耗6．Thesupportofourmembersisofgreatimportancetotheassociation.(n.协会)拓展：associatevt.联系；联想三、词块短语——在语境中辨义活用写出或选出加蓝部分在语境中的汉语意思1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Asaresult，adequatepreparationisurgentlyneeded，includingpractice,nutritionandaperfectplan.因此2．Sheslicedofftherootofthecabbageandcutitup.切下3．Heearnedhislivingbydoingseveralpart-timejobs.谋生4．Putmoresimply,thekeytosuccessliesinyourdiligence.简言之5．Justphoneinyourorderthreeormoredayspriortodeparture.在……之前的6．Thisdifficultprojectwouldtakethreemonthsataminimum.至少7．Wehaven'tfoundthesolutionyet,butI'msurewe'reontherighttrack.(思路或行为方式)正确8．Ihavenowayyetasto/withhowtodealwithsuchacomplicatedsituation.对于9．Regardlessofwhetherheisrightorwrong,wehavetoabidebyhisdecisions.不管10．Industrialprogressshouldgohandinhandwiththedevelopmentofagriculture.携手共进11．Whenthetemperaturedropstocertaindegree,theair-conditionercutout.__C__A．删掉 B．熄火C．停止D．剪下12．Peopleshouldcutdownoncigarettes,andeatabalanceddiet.__B__A．夺去生命 B．削减C．删减 D．砍倒13．Abalanceddietconsistsofvegetables,fruits,meat,grainsandsoon.__C__A．存在于 B．与……一致C．由……组成 D．依靠14．Ithinkit'sveryunkindofyoutomakeupstoriesabouthim.__A__A．编造 B．弥补C．和解D．组成四、经典句式——在佳句背诵中品悟规则用法1.教材原句Tellmewhatyoueat,andIwilltellyouwhatyouare.(祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句)告诉我你平时吃什么，我就可以说出你是个什么样的人。写作亮句Pleasetellme,andI'llsendyousomebooks.请告诉我，我会寄给你一些书。文化典句Don'tgiveuporyouwillachievenothing.不要放弃，否则你会一事无成。2.教材原句Tired,hungry,andnotknowingawordofChinese,wehadnoideahowtoorder,sothechefjustbeganfillingourtablewiththebestfoodwehadevereaten.[形容词(短语)作状语]又累又饿，一个汉字也不认识，我们压根儿不知道如何点餐，于是厨师开始在我们桌上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。写作亮句Exhausted，weweremorethanpleasedwiththismeaningfulexperience.筋疲力尽，但我们对这次有意义的经历非常满意。3.教材原句AndinAmerica,peoplewhoreceive25%oftheirdailycaloriesormorethroughsugararetwiceaslikelytodiefromheartdiseasethanpeoplewhoreceivelessthan10%aday.(倍数表达法)在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍。写作亮句Thenewstadiuminourschoolistwicebiggerthantheoldone.我们学校的新体育场是旧体育场的两倍大。文化典句Jessicadevotedthreetimesasmuchtimeandenergyasshedidbefore,soIbelieveshewillsucceedthistime.杰西卡付出的是以前三倍的时间和精力，所以我相信她这次能成功。4.教材原句Ittakesabouttwentyminutesfromthetimeyoustarteatingforyourbraintotellyourbodythatyouarefull.(Ittakessometimeforsb./sth.todo...)开始进食大约20分钟后，你的大脑才会告知你的身体“你吃饱了”。写作亮句Ittookalongtimeforhimtorecoverfromabadcold.他花了很长时间才从重感冒中恢复过来。五、“续写”片段——在背诵中品悟如何写靓写美行文衔接Thenextday,Ihandedtheoldladyherpaper.Onceagain,Icouldhavethefreedomoflookingstraightintotheoldlady'skindeyes.Shegreetedmewarmlyasusual.Shethankedmeforthepaperandgavemeabagofcookiesshehadmadeherself.Reachingforthecookies,Ifeltanenvelopeandpulleditoutofthebag.WhenIopenedtheenvelope,Iwassurprised.Insidewerethesevendollarsandashortnotesaying,“I'mproudofyou！”Igottoknowitwasthegraceofforgiveness.第二天，我把报纸交给了老奶奶。再一次，我可以自由地直视老奶奶善良的眼睛。她像往常一样热情地迎接我。她感谢我给她送报纸，还给了我一袋她自己做的饼干。我伸手去拿饼干，摸到一个信封，就把它从袋子里拿了出来。当我打开信封时，我很惊讶。里面有七美元和一张纸条，上面写着：“我为你感到骄傲！”我知道这是宽恕的恩典。[点评]在续写内容时，为衔接更自然流畅，应尽量根据前面已知的信息扩展新的信息。本段黑体字部分为内容衔接点。1．stuffvt.填满；把……塞进n．东西；物品[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Iwouldcollectstuffed(stuff)animalsforchildrenlikeJennings.②Don'tstuffthekidswithchocolatebeforetheirdinner.③Eachoneofthesedrawersis_stuffed(stuff)withlittlecards.[系统归纳](1)stuffsth.into/in 把……塞进stuff...with 用……填满(2)bestuffedwith 被塞满2．associationn．协会；关联[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)①Thebookwaspublishedinassociation(associate)withaBritishorganisation.②(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Bambooplantsareassociatedwithhealth,abundanceandahappyhome.③(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociated(associate)withrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.④Weareworkingin_association_withalocalcompanytoraisemoneyforthehomeless.我们正与一家当地公司联合为无家可归的人筹钱。⑤Therearemanyserioushealthproblemswhichare_associated_with_smoking.有很多严重的健康问题都与吸烟有关。[系统归纳](1)inassociationwith 与……联合/有关联(2)associate...with... 把……与……联系起来associatewithsb. 与某人交往/联系(3)beassociatedwith 与……有关3．makeup弥补；和好；组成；构成；编造；化妆；铺床[题点全练]写出下列各句中makeup的含义①Thefathermadeupastorytohelphisbabygotosleep.编造②Theyfinallydecidedtostopquarrellingandmakeup.和好③Shemadeupforthepartofanoldwoman.化妆④Wecanmakeupabedforyouonthefloor,ifyoudon'tmind.铺床⑤Theymakeupone-thirdoftheprovince'spopulation.组成，构成⑥Youareresponsibleforthemoneyandyouwillhavetomakeuptheloss.弥补[系统归纳]makeupfor 弥补makeit 成功；及时到达makeout 理解；看出；辨认出makethemostof 充分利用makesense 讲得通；合乎情理；理解makeupone'smind 下定决心1．quantityn．数量；数额[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)①Quantities(quantity)offoodwereonthetable.②It'sjustverytime-consumingtogetsuchalargequantityofdata.③Thecardsarecheaperifyoubuytheminquantity.④(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Iknowyouonceparticipatedinvolleyballgame,soyoumusthaveaccumulateda_large_quantity_of/large_quantities_of_experience.我知道你曾经参加过排球比赛，因此你肯定积累了大量的经验。[进阶学习]系统归纳alarge/smallquantityof大/少量的(large)quantitiesof大量的inquantity＝inlargeamounts大量地难点解释(1)“largequantities/amountsof＋n.”作主语时谓语动词常用复数，而“alargequantity/amountof＋n.”作主语时谓语动词常用单数。(2)alargequantityof/largequantitiesof其后可跟可数名词的复数，也可以跟不可数名词。[练重难点](单句语法填空)⑤Quantitiesofflowersare_blooming(bloom)everywhere,fillingtheairwithperfume.⑥Alargequantityofmoneyhas_been_collected(collect)tohelpthosesufferingfromthefloods.2．trickn．诀窍；计谋；把戏；哄骗；恶作剧[题点全练]写出下列各句中trick的含义①Hetrickedmeintolendinghim10,000yuan.哄骗②(2021·全国甲卷)Once,whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam(横杆)，Ifellontothestones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycameover,helpingmeup:Safe,man.Safe.窍门③Thechildrenlovedplayingtricksontheirclassmates.恶作剧单句语法填空④Thenaughtyboyisfondofplayingatrickonothers.⑤Anadvertisermightbetryingtotrickcustomersintobuyingaproductoraservice.⑥Thecompanywas_tricked(trick)outofD|S20million.[进阶学习]系统归纳(1)playtricks/atrickonsb.搞恶作剧；开玩笑eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(makefunofsb.,playajokeonsb.))取笑某人(2)tricksb.eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(outofsth.骗取某人某物,intodoingsth.哄骗某人做某事))易错提醒(1)dothetrick奏效；起作用(2)thetrickof...……的诀窍[练重难点](完成句子)⑦Thismedicineshoulddo_the_trickandsooncureyou.这种药应该有效，能很快治好你的病。⑧Couldyoutellmethe_trick_ofmakingsuchtastyfood?你能告诉我做出这么好吃的食物的窍门吗？3．consistof由……组成(或构成)[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Listeningisthusanactive,notapassivebehaviourconsisting(consist)ofhearing，understandingandremembering.②Thebeautyofthetownconsistsinitsancientbuildings.③Theresultsareentirelyconsistent(consist)withourearlierresearch.[进阶学习]系统归纳consistin在于，存在于consistwith＝beconsistentwith与……一致联想拓展eq\a\vs4\al(由……组成,或构成)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(becomposedof被动语态,bemadeupof被动语态,consistof不用于进行时,或者被动语态))[练重难点](完成句子)④Thescientificresearchteamconsists_of/is_made_up_of(由……组成)tenexpertsfromdifferentprovinces.＝Tenexpertsfromdifferentprovincesmake_up(组成)thescientificresearchteam.4．asaresult因此；结果[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Hemadeonebigmistake,and,asaresult,losthisjob.②Millionsofpeoplewillfacestarvationnextyearasaresultofthedrought.[进阶学习]系统归纳asaresultof...作为……的结果；由于……辨析比较resultin导致；造成resultfrom由……造成；起因于[练重难点](完成句子)③Asforme,I'mfascinatedbyropeskipping,whichcanresult_intheflexibilityofmybody.至于我，我对跳绳很着迷，这会使我的身体变得灵活。④Manyhealthproblemsresult_fromwhatyoueat.很多健康问题是由你吃的东西引起的。1．祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句[用法规则](1)“祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陈述句”是一个固定句式。其中祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，and之后的句子相当于主句。and后面句子用一般将来时，前面句子用一般现在时。(2)并列连词要根据前后两句之间的逻辑关系选择。(3)在“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型中，也可以用“名词＋and＋陈述句”表示。[应用体验]单句语法填空①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Readmore,andyouwillbetouchedbyinspiringstoriesandgainhappinessfromexcitingnews.②Keeptothepathoryou'llloseyourway.③Don'tsaythatagainoryouwill_get(get)intotrouble.句型转换(祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句)④Ifyouworkhard,you'llmakeprogress.→Work_hard_and_you_will_make_progress.⑤Ifyoudon'thurryup,youwillbelate.→Hurry_up,_or_you_will_be_late.2.形容词(短语)作状语[用法规则](1)说明谓语动词表示的动作发生时，主语所处的状态。(2)形容词(短语)作状语在句中还可以表示方式、伴随、原因、时间或条件等。(3)有些形容词是由动词的过去分词转化而来的，表示状态，并非被动形式。类似的形容词有：lost,occupied,involved,absorbed等。[应用体验](单句语法填空/句式升级)①Thechildrenrushedtothethemepark,excited(excite)andoverjoyed.②Lost(lose)inthought,healmostranintoabigtree.③Disappointed(disappoint)andangry,Marybegantocryloudly.④(2021·全国甲卷)Olderandwiser(wise)now,Burchillchalkeduptheincidenttoyouthfulindiscretion(莽撞)．⑤Thesurvivorslayonthebeach,andtheywereexhaustedandshocked.→Thesurvivorslayonthebeach,exhausted_and_shocked.(形容词短语作状语)3．倍数表达法[用法规则]倍数表达法的常见结构：eq\a\vs4\al(倍数...times)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(adj./adv.比较级＋than...,as＋many/much＋n.＋as,as＋adj./adv.原级＋as...,thesize/length/height/,widthof＋比较对象,what­clause,that/thoseof...))注意事项：表示“两倍”时用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上用“基数词＋times”表达。此句型中倍数也可用分数、百分数、half等其他程度副词。[应用体验](单句语法填空)①Thisthemeparkwevisitedyesterdayisthreetimesasbigasthatone.②Thereis30timesgreater(great)chanceofbeinghitbylightningthanbeingattackedbyashark.③Thishillisfourtimestheheight(high)ofthatsmallone.④Thelengthofthisroadistwicewhatitwastenyearsago.4．Ittakessometimeforsb./sth.todo...[用法规则](1)此句型中，It在句中为形式主语，后面的不定式短语是句子的真正主语。此外，take还表示“需要”。(2)其他类似结构有：sb.spendsometime/money(in)doing/onsth.某人花费一些时间/金钱做某事(doing)sth.cost(sb.)sometime/money(做)某事花费(某人)一些时间/金钱sb.paysomemoneyforsth.某人为某事/某物支付多少钱[应用体验](单句语法填空/完成句子)①Ittookthreeyearsto_complete(complete)andwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.②(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballrolling.③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutesto_start(start)working.④(2019·北京高考)Withherdad'spermission,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearching(research)onlineandconductingtrialstogetarecipethatwasbothtastyandtooth-friendly.⑤Ittookhimawhileto_accustom_himself_tothenewenvironment.他过了一段时间才习惯了新环境。eq\a\vs4\al(\b\lc\|\rc\|(\a\vs4\al\co1(写作主题——健康的生活方式)))“健康的生活方式”这一主题旨在引导青少年养成健康的饮食习惯。该主题在高考写作中时有考查。如：2021年新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写，讲述了双胞胎给母亲做早餐的故事；2018年全国卷Ⅰ书面表达，给新西兰朋友Terry介绍去中国朋友家做客的有关习俗；2017年浙江高考写作，邀请英国朋友Chris参加郊游等都涉及了这一主题。HEALTHYEATING(节选自人教版教材选择性必修第二册UNIT3)Thereismuchdebatenowadaysastowhatmakesupahealthydiet.Forexample,scientistshaveinsistedforyearsthatabigenemyofhealthisfattyfood.❶However,thereisincreasingevidencethattherealdriverofpoorhealthisnotsomuchfattyfood,asitissugar.(用however转到文章主旨，令人印象深刻)HeartdiseaseisthenumberonekillerofAmericans.AndinAmerica,peoplewhoreceive25%oftheirdailycaloriesormorethroughsugararetwiceaslikelytodiefromheartdiseasethanpeoplewhoreceivelessthan10%aday(JournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation,2014)．Thisistrueregardlessofhowhealthytherestoftheirdietmightbe.❷Putmoresimply,whilepeoplecontinuetoargueoverwhetherornotfattyfoodisdangerous,wealreadyknowthatsugarisakiller.(提出健康饮食观念中的错误认识和“糖分是健康杀手”这一医学研究结论)Muchofthisextrasugarcomesfromsweetsandsweetdrinks.TheaverageAmericangets1/3ofhisorhersugarthroughsweetdrinksalone.❸TheAmericanHeartAssociationrecommendsthatwelimitourselvestolessthan100－150caloriesadayfromsugar,whichislessthanwhatisusuallycontainedinonecanofsweetdrinkorinasinglecandybar.(数据的使用增强了文章的说服力)Inotherwords,ifyouwanttobehealthy,youhavetocutdownondesserts,andcutoutsweetdrinksaltogether.(说明了多余糖分的来源并提出饮食建议)...(省略部分从另外两个方面分析了健康饮食值得提倡的做法)Thereisnoonetricktohealthyeating.Rather,healthyeatingstartswithhavingahealthyattitudetowardsfood.Onequestionyoucanaskyourselfis,“DoIeattolive,orlivetoeat？”(问句中结构对仗，表意强烈，引人深思)Ifyouareusingfoodmostlyfornutrition,thenyouareontherighttrackwithyourdiet.However,iffoodhasbecomethecentreofyourlife,youmightbeontheroadtobadhealth.Itisuptoyoutodecidehowyouwanttolive,andtomaketherightdecisionsaboutyourdiet.(说明了健康的饮食态度的重要性)由教材学写法1．学亮点词汇第一段中的increasing表明了证据的可信性，后面的realdriver形象地说明了糖分才是身体不好的真正因素。第二段最后用了cutdownon和cutout两个短语劝说人们减少甜点、远离含糖饮料，用词灵活精准且富有节奏感。2．学高级句式句❶是一个主从复合句，句中that引导名词性从句作evidence的同位语，叙述了证据的内容。句❸中that引导宾语从句，具体说明了建议的内容，which引导非限制性定语从句，对所限制的卡路里来源做了形象具体的解释。3．学修辞手法句❷运用了比喻的修辞手法把糖分(sugar)比作杀手(akiller)，指出了糖分的危害。语言生动活泼，给读者以深刻印象。Ⅰ.多积词块——丰富表达方式1．berichin 富含2．behigh/lowin 含……高/低3．behelpfulto 对……有帮助4．processedfoods 加工过的食品5．gotobedearlyandgetupearly 早睡早起6．beharmfulto/doharmto 对……有害7．keephealthybothphysicallyandmentally 保持身心健康8．buildupone'sbody 增强某人的体质9．developahealthyeatinghabit 养成健康的饮食习惯10．get(oneself)intoshape 强身健体11．concentrateon 集中精力于12．takeanactivepartin 积极参加13．haveahealthybalanceddiet 拥有健康均衡的饮食14．keepfit 保持健康Ⅱ.多积佳句——彰显表达功底1．Aslongasyoustopeatingthatmucheveryday,youcanlosesomeweight.只要你每天不吃那么多，你就可以减掉一些体重了。2．Peoplewhoeatbreakfastaremorelikelytokeepupahealthyweight.吃早饭的人更有可能保持健康的体重。3．Thebettereatinghabitswegetinto,thehappierourlifebecomes.我们养成的饮食习惯越好，我们生活得就越幸福。4．Weoughttoeathealthyfoodsuchasvegetables,fruitandmilk.我们应该吃蔬菜、水果和牛奶之类的健康食物。5．Tipsforkeepinghealthyare—workregularlyandrestadequately,keepgoodhoursandhaveahealthydiet.保持身体健康的秘诀：规律地工作、充足地休息、保持良好的作息和健康的饮食。一、作文补写表达亮下面是一篇号召“健康饮食”的倡议书，请根据提示，运用上面所学，将文章补充完整。DearSenior3students，Withthenationalexaminationapproaching,moreandmorestudentschoosetohavesnacksinsteadofmealsjusttosavetime，❶which_worries_us_a_lot(这让我们深感担忧)．Tobeginwith，❷processed_snacks_contain_high_level_of_fat_and_sugar(加工过的零食中含有高脂肪和高糖分),❸which_are_dangerous_physically(这对身体来说是危险的；非限制性定语从句)．Besides,thesmellofdifferentfood❹makes_it_uncomfortable_to_breathe_the_air_in_the_classroom(使得教室里的空气呼吸起来很不舒服；“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构)．Tomakemattersworse,somestudentslittercasually,❺harming_our_study_environment(损害我们的学习环境；分词作状语)．❻To_sum_up(总而言之),wecan't❼stress_the_importance_of_a_healthy_diet(强调健康饮食的重要性)toomuch.WesincerelyappealtoeverySenior3studenttoeathealthily.TheStudents'Union二、续写语段思维活请你根据下列报道，写一篇短文表达自己的感悟。词数80左右。Afifteen-year-oldgirlwasreportedtofaintintheclass.Whensenttothehospitalshewasfoundtohavedangerouslylowbloodsugarlevel.Herparentstoldthedoctorthattheirdaughterskippedbreakfastthatdayandhardlytouchedherdinnerthenightbefore.Manyofherclassmatessaidshehadskippedherbreakfastfornearlyamonth.Fortunately,sheisnowoutofdanger.Herdoctorsaysthatshewillmakeafullrecoveryinadayortwo.参考范文：Thecaseisareminderofthedangersofunhealthyhabits.Theseso-calledweight-lossmethodshaveprovedtobeharmfultoteenagers.Itisimportanttohaveahealthybalanceddiet.Teenagersarestillgrowingandtheirbodiesneedalotofnutritiontofunctionwell.Livingwellisthesafestandmosteffectivewaytogetintoshape.课时作业(一)语篇阅读训练——保准度Ⅰ.阅读理解AThereismoreofaconnectionbetweenfoodandculturethanyoumaythink.Onanindividuallevel,wegrowupeatingthefoodofourculture.Itbecomesapartofwhoweare.Manyassociatefoodfromourchildhoodwithwarmfeelingsandgoodmemoriesandittiesustoourfamilies,holdingaspecialandpersonalvalueforus.Foodfromourfamilyoftenbecomesthecomfortfoodweseekasadultsintimesoffrustrationandstress.Onalargescale,traditionalfoodisanimportantpartofculture.Italsooperatesasanexpressionofcultureidentity.Immigrantsbringitwherevertheygo,anditisasymbolofpridefortheircultureandmeansofcopingwithhomesickness.Manyimmigrantsopentheirownrestaurantsandservetraditionaldishes.However,thefooddoesnotremainexactlythesame.Somematerialsneededtomaketraditionaldishesmaynotbereadilyavailable,sothetasteandflavorcanbedifferentfromwhattheywouldprepareintheirhomecountries.Additionally,immigrantsdonotonlyselldishestopeoplefromthesamecountriesasthem,buttopeoplefromdifferentcountries.Therefore,theyhavetomakesmallchangesabouttheoriginaldishestocatertoawiderrangeofcustomers.Thosechangescancreatenewflavorsthatstillkeeptheculturalsignificanceofthedishes.Weshouldembraceourheritage(传统)throughourculture'sfoodbutalsobecomemoreinformedaboutotherculturesbytryingtheirfood.Itisimportanttorememberthateachdishhasaspecialplaceintheculturetowhichitbelongs,andisspecialtothosewhoprepareit.Foodisawindowintoculture,anditshouldbetreatedassuch.eq\x(语篇解读：食物与文化有着密切的联系，传统食物是文化的重要组成部分。)1．What'sthefunctionoffoodmentionedinthearticle?A．Tohelpmotivatehomesickness.B．Toshownationalidentity.C．Toreflectacountry'shistory.D．Toshowacommunity'ssuperiority.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Onalargescale,traditionalfoodisanimportantpartofculture.Italsooperatesasanexpressionofcultureidentity.”可知，文章中的食物的功能是展现民族特征。故选B。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A．Thespecifictraditionalfood.B．Thenationalculture.C．Atraditionalexpressionoffood.D．Theold­fashionedtaste.解析：选A代词指代题。根据第二段中的“Onalargescale,traditionalfoodisanimportantpartofculture.”可知，这里的it指代的是“特有的传统食物”。故选A。3．Whydosomeimmigrantshavetochangetheoriginaldishesintheirrestaurants?A．Toattachculturalimportancetotheirdishes.B．Toannouncethebeginningoftheirlifeonforeignsoil.C．Tomakethedishespopularamongcustomers.D．Topresenttheirownfoodcultureinanewway.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Therefore，theyhavetomakesmallchangesabouttheoriginaldishestocatertoawiderrangeofcustomers.”可知，一些移民会对原来的菜肴做一些小的改动，以迎合更多顾客的口味。故选C。4．What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsdifferentfoodcultures?A．Negative. B．Balanced.C．Unfair. D．Unchangeable.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Weshouldembraceourheritagethroughourculture'sfoodbutalsobecomemoreinformedaboutotherculturesbytryingtheirfood.”可知，作者对不同的饮食文化一视同仁。故选B。BAshortcookingvideopostedbyanetizenonavideosocialhasrecentlybecomeapopularhitonthesite.Bearingthetag“Chinesefood”，thevideonotonlyshowedoffthechief'ssuperbskillsinmakingChinesedishes,butitalsogotnetizensabroadwantingtogetatasteofChina'suniquefoodculture.Althoughthevideowasnothingmaster­level,justaratherstandardhome­madefriedpotatodish,itreceivedmorethan200,000likesafteronlythreedaysofposting.Inadditiontopraisingthechef,commenterswonderedwhysuchasimpleChinesedishcouldlooklikeafancycuisinethathadbeenmadethroughtonsofeffort.“EventhemostbasicChinesedishneedstohavethreeelements:colour,smellandtaste.Forexample,colournotonlyrequiresacheftohavesharpeyes,butalsovaluableexperience，”saidWang,anexperiencedChinesechefinGuangzhou.Chinesecookingisnottheonlytypeofcontentcoveredbythetag.Otherpopularvideosunderthetaginclude“oddfood”challenges,traditionalChinesedishesandChinesesnacktasting,thelatterofwhichhasbecomeparticularlypopularamongyoungomnivorevloggers(videobloggers)livinginaworldofcontinuallyexpandingculturalglobalization.“IhavebeenafanofChinesefoodeversincemyChinesefriendcookedmedisanxianatuniversity.Iwassurprisedbythedish'stasteanditslook,whichwasverydifferentfrommyhomefood,butfeltitwasveryfamiliartomebecauseInoticedwesharesimilarcookingskills，”saidBianca,anItalianAsianfoodfan.“Istartedmychannelbyrecordingmyroommatetastingmycooking.Thesevideosgotlikesandcommentsgradually.SeeingsomepeoplecommentinginGermanorEnglishandsaying‘Iwanttotryit’，Ifeltthesevideoscannarrowthegapbetweenthetwocultures，”saidMrBear,avloggeronavideowebsitewhopromotesChinesecooking.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国烹饪在年轻的博主中很受欢迎，中国饮食文化成为全球化的一个组成部分。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“omnivore”inParagraph3referto?A．Peopleeatingmeat.B．Peopleeatingvegetables.C．Peopleeatingdiversefood.D．PeopleeatingChinesefood.解析：选C词义猜测题。分析画线词所在句子可知，thelatterofwhich指代的是“Chinesesnacktasting”，但中国小吃不只包含蔬菜和肉类，而“vloggers”的后置定语是“livinginaworldofcontinuallyexpandingculturalglobalization”，因此博主也不仅限于吃中国食物。故选C。6．WhatdoesBiancathinkofChinesefood?A．Commonanddear.B．Specialandfamiliar.C．Weirdanddelicious.D．Similaranddisconnected.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，Bianca认为中餐很特别并且又对它有熟悉的感觉。故选B。7．WhatdoesMrBearmeaninthelastparagraph?A．Themajorityofhisfanstastedthefoodhecooked.B．HisroommateencouragedhimtocookChinesefood.C．HeisanexpertdeterminedtobecomeaChinesechef.D．Hisvideosmakeadifferencetoculturalcommunication.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，MrBear提到他的这些视频逐渐受到人们的喜欢和评论，这些视频可以缩小两种文化之间的差距。由此可知，MrBear的视频对文化交流产生了影响。故选D。8．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Chineseculturehasarousedpeople'sinterestoverseas.B．Thevideoismoremaster­levelthanastandardhome­made.C．BasicChinesedishhasthreeelements:color,smellandtaste.D．Chinesecookinghasbecomepopularamongyoungvloggers.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第一段可知，网友在Tiktok上发布的简短烹饪视频最近在该网站上很受欢迎。第三段第二句也提到中国烹饪在年轻的视频博主中尤为流行。故选D。Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2023·河南省实验中学高三模拟)Whenyouhearthephraseculturalheritage,whatcomestomind?Maybeyouremembergoingtoseefolkdanceswithpeoplewearingtraditionalcostumes.Perhapsyouwereexposedtothemusicandartsofthisculture.__9__Itmightbeginwiththememoryofyourmother'scooking,orvisitinggrandma'shouseandreceivingaspecialtreatasarewardforgoodbehaviour.Asyoucloseyoureyes,canyoupictureyourfavouritedish?Isitasaladwithaspecialdressing,oradeliciousdessert?__10__Maybeyou'refarawayfromhomeandeatingyourfavouritesoulfoodmakesyoufeelclosertothoseyou'reseparatedfrom.Manyofushavemissedspendingaholidayortwowithourlovedones,onlytofindourselvescallingtoaskwhattheyhadfordinner.Itdoesn'tmatterifit'sthesamethingthatisservedyearafteryear.__11__Theserecipes,cherishedfamilyfavourites,handeddownfromeachgenerationtothenextmightexperiencesubtlechanges,buttherestillremainsasenseofunity.Itisthisunitythatconstructsthebridgebetweenfamiliesandgenerations.__12__Goodfoodknowsnoboundaries.Itmakesagreatbondbetweenyoungandold.Here,inthekitchentheoldmasterworkshandinhandwithyoungerfamilymembersandfriends,passingontraditionalskillsusedinthecookingarts.However,moreistakingplacethanameretransferofinformationaboutingredientsandmixinginstructions.__13__Itbecomesanopportunityforaparenttoteachfamilyvalueswhilepassingthesugarandbeatingtheeggs.Confidencescanbeexchangedalongwiththenaturalflowofconversation.A．Nordoesitmatterwhetherithaschangedalot.B．Amagicmomentiscreatedbetweenchildrenandelder.C．Foodmakesupourfondestmemoriesofourchildhood.D．Canyousmellthearomaflowingthroughthehouse?E．There'snothinglikefoodtohelpusidentifywithourroots.F．Mostlikely,however,whatcomestomindwillbethefood.G．Foodcanbedescribedasthebuildingblocksofthisculturalbridge.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了食物也是一种文化遗产，并介绍了食物在家庭中所发挥的重要作用。9．选F上文提到了听到文化遗产你可能会想起人们穿着传统服装跳舞以及这种文化的音乐和艺术，后文则提到了食物，由此可知本句与上文构成转折，指出人们想到食物这种文化遗产。故F选项“然而，最可能出现在脑海里的是食物”符合语境，故选F。10．选D本句与上文形成并列，同为设问句，也是关于想到食物的场景。故D选项“你能闻到房子里飘出来的香味吗？”符合语境，故选D。11．选A后文提到食物带来的团结感在家庭和几代人之间架起了桥梁，可见食物可以让我们更加认清自己的根源。故E选项“没有什么比食物更能帮助我们认清自己的根”符合语境，故选E。12．选G食物带来了团结感，即食物也是家庭文化桥梁的组成部分。G选项中的bridge与空前一句中的bridge是原词复现。故G选项“食物可以被描述为这个文化桥梁的组成部分”符合语境，故选G。13．选B上文提到了食物是年轻人和老年人之间的纽带，B选项中“betweenchildrenandelder”对应上文中“betweenyoungandold”。故B选项“在孩子和老人之间创造一个神奇的时刻”符合语境，故选B。Ⅲ.完形填空EveryNewYear'sEve,wehadbreakfastatAuntDot'shouse.AuntDotlivedinahomewithshelvesof__14__andphotoalbumsshehadcollectedovertheyears.Althoughthefoodwasdelicious,mymostvivid__15__ofthemealwasthecentrepiece(桌子中央的摆设)thatAuntDotalways__16__onherkitchentable—asetofsevensaltandpeppershakers(胡椒粉瓶)．Lastyear,IaskedAuntDotaboutthe__17__centrepiece.“WhydoyoualwaysputthemoutonNewYear'sEvemorning？”Iasked.“Ithelpsto__18__methateventhoughtheholidaysareover,there'sanotherwholeyearofthemcoming.Ihavelearnedthatnothingreally__19__；everyendinginlifeisreallyjustanothernewbeginning.”Shesmiledandcontinued,“Rememberthat,mydear.”AndI__20__.Inthespringofthatyear,afterashortillness,AuntDot__21__.Sheleftherbook__22__tomymum,butIwas__23__tolearnthatIgottheholidaysaltandpeppershakers.I__24__AuntDotwantedtomakesureIrememberedher__25__tolife.Now,IcontinueAuntDot'sbreakfast__26__atmyownapartment.Thepancakesareneveras__27__asAuntDot's,butthecentreofthetableiscoveredwiththose__28__saltandpe