人教版（2023）选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement Discovering Useful Stuctures 非限制性定语从句 课件(共25张PPT)

第第页人教版（2023）选择性必修第一册Unit1PeopleofAchievementDiscoveringUsefulStuctures非限制性定语从句课件(共25张PPT)(共25张PPT)

Unit1PeopleofAchievement

Discoverusefulstructures

unit1

Teachingobjectives（学习目标）

理解且掌握非限制性定语从句的概念

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语的区别

which和as引导非限制性定语从句的区别

复习定从概念

定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句，其作用相当于形容词。

先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。

关系词：引导定语从句的词。

ThewomanwhoisawardedtheNobelprizeisTuYouyou.

先行词

关系词

定语从句

who

关系代词

关系副词

who,whom,which,that,whose,as

where,when,why

指代先行词

在定语从句中担任成分

引导定语从句

关系词的作用

先行词在从句中所作成分关系代词

人主

宾

物主

宾

who/that

who/whom/that/省略

that/which

that/which/省略

whose在从句中作定语,修饰人或物，意为“……的”，

whose+名词可换作the+名词+ofwhom/which。

Achild________parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.(孤儿)

Theyliveinahouse,___________windowsfacesouth.

whose

whose

Theyliveinahouse,thewindows___________facesouth.

Theyliveinahouse,___________thewindowsfacesouth.

ofwhich

ofwhich

关系词的选择

看在从句中所做成分

看指代人或物

先行词

主语用who/that

宾语用who/whom/that/省略

主语用which/that

人

物

宾语用which/that/省略

1.Theearthquake____________shookthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.

2.Wedon’tknowthenumberofpeople_________losttheirhomesinthe1906earthquake.

3.Thehouse______________theybuiltin1987isstillverynew.

4.Theboy___________fatherisateacherisveryclever.

5.Luckilynoneofthepeople_______________Iknowwerekilled.

6.Canyouseethewoman___________isspeakingatthestage

7.Idon'tknowthewoman_______________mymotherisspeakingto.8.Haveyouheardoftheaccident___________happenedthismorning

9.Haveyoufoundthebike__________________youlost

10.Canyouseethelady__________hairisbrown

which/that

who/that

which/that/省略

whose

who/whom/省略

who/that

who/whom/that/省略

which/that

which/that/省略

whose

先行词在从句中所作成分关系副词

时间名词时间状语

地点名词地点状语

reason原因状语

why

when

where

=介词+which

Thisisthepark____________Iplayedfootball.

Thisisthelibrary___________Iborrowbooks.

Iremembertheday_________IjointheParty

Thereason__________herefusedtheinvitation

Thisisthepark____________Iplayedfootball.

Thisisthelibrary______Iborrowbooks.

Iremembertheday______IjointheParty.

Thereason______herefusedtheinvitation.

where

inwhich

where

fromwhich

when

onwhich

why

forwhich

1.Thisisthereason______shecried.

Thisisthereason______heexplainedtous.

2.Thisisthefactory______wevisitedlattime.

Thisisthefactory______wevisitedtheequipmentlasttime.

3.Istillremembertheday________wemetTom.

Istillremembertheday________wespenttogether.

不是看到先行词为地点就用where，看到时间就用when,看到原因就用why。

重点是分析先行词在定语从句中的成分！

why

which/that/省略

where

which/that/省略

when

which/that/省略

区分that和which

1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_______wereinthefields.

2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree______isinfrontofourschoolgate.

3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.

4.Thisisthesecondnovel______Ihaveeverread.

5.Thereisnothingintheworld____canfrightenme.

6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree

that

that

that

that

that

that

只能用that，不能用which的情况：

①先行词既有人,又有物时。

②先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,只用that。

③先行词有theonly,thevery,thejust,theright等修饰时,只用that。

④不定代词,如something,anything,nothing,everything,all,much,few,any,little,none等作先行词时,只用that,不用which。

⑤当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时,用that以避免重复。

区分that和which

只用which而不用that的情况

①非限制性定语从句只用which而不能用that。

Hewroteabook___________isonhowtolearnEnglishwell.

限制性定语从句

Hewroteabook,______isonhowtolearnEnglishwell.

非限制性定语从句

②在介词提前的定语从句中，只用which而不用that。

Thisistheplacein______LuXunusedtolive.

which/that

which

which

抽象地点名词+关系副词where

当先行词是case,area,stage,degree,point,situation,atmosphere,environment,condition,race等抽象地点名词时。

1.I’vecometothepoint______Ican’tstandhim.

2.Thecountryisinthesituation______awarwillbreakoutatanytime.

国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。

我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。

where

where

介词+关系代词（whom,which）引导的定语从句

介词后关系代词的选择：指人用whom,指物用which

1)Thisistheschoolin_______youwillstudy.

2)Ihavenomoneywith_______Icanbuyadictionary.

3)Thisistheteacherfrom_______you’lllearnEnglish.

4)Thegentlemanabout_______youtoldmejustnowprovedtobeathief.

which

which

whom

whom

如何确定关系代词前的介词？

1.与先行词的搭配关系

1)Iwillneverforgettheday____whichIjoinedthearmy.

2)Iwillneverforgettheyear___whichmysonwenttocollege.

3)Iwillneverforgettheschool______whichIstudied.

4)Hecametoafarm,_____whichhefinallysettled(安顿).

on

in

in

on

关系副词

2.与从句中谓语动词、形容词的搭配的固定搭配

1)Haveyoufoundthebook_____whichIpaid$29

Haveyoufoundthebook______whichIspent$29

Doyouknowtheman_____whomsheoftentalks

TheWestLake,_____whichHangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.

for

on

about

for

1)Air,_______whichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.

空气非常重要，没有了它人类便不能生存。

2)Thisistheman_______whommybrotherhasworkedfortenyears.这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那个人。

without

with

3.根据句子的意思来确定

代词/名词/数词/形容词最高级/介词短语+of+关系代词

1.Theylivedinatallbuilding,infrontofstoodabigtree.

2.Therearemorethan50studentsinmyclass,26ofaregirls.

3.Hisfamilymembersdon’tlikethesecond-handcar,thepriceof

isveryhigh.

4.Itisreportedthattwoschools,bothofarebeingbuilt,willopennextyear.

5.WhenwesternpeopletalkaboutthecitiesofChina,thefirstof

comestotheirmindsisBeijing.

which

whom

which

which

which

限制性定语从句

补充必要信息或先行词不明确

Thedentist(牙医)whotreatedmeismyuncle.

Heisapersonwhoisreallywarm-hearted

非限制性定语从句

补充额外信息或先行词具体，清楚，不会造成误解

Myuncleisadentist,whoplaystenniseveryday.

ThePekingUniversityisthedreamschoolformanystudents.

ThePekingUniversity,whichisthecornerstoneforhighereducation,

isthedreamschoolformanystudents.

限制性定语从句

非限制性定语从句

who/whom

who/whom

Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisajournalist.

MysisterMary,wholivesinNanjing,isa

journalist.

which

which

Tomworksforacompanywhich

makescomputer.

Tomtoldmeabouthisnewjob,whichheisnotenjoyingverymuch.

Wemetsomepeoplewhosecarhadbrokendown.

Sam,whosecarhadbrokendown,wasinabadmood.

Whatisthenameoftheplacewhere

youwentonholiday

JanehasjustbeentoShanghai

,whereherdadlives.

whose……的（人/物）

where(地点状语)

whose……的（人/物）

where(地点状语)

限制性定语从句

非限制性定语从句

nocommas没有逗号

Thedentistwhotreatedmeismyuncle.

commas有逗号

Myuncleisadentist,whoplaystennis.

who/which/that做从句宾语时可省略

Themedicine(which/that)thedoctorgavemeshouldbetakentwiceaday.

关系词无论做什么都不可省略

Thewomanwholivesnextdoor

isajournalist.

关系词指代先行词

Tomislookingforagoodrestaurant,whichtakesherquitesometime.

关系词可指代先行词，也可指代整个主句

有why/that

无why/that

限制性定语从句

非限制性定语从句

Aseveryoneknows,Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.

Sheisagreathero,asisdescribedinthereport.

Heinvitedmetodinner,whichmademeveryhappy.

归纳3：

as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时可代替整个主句。

as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的位置不同:

as引导的定语从句可置于___________________，而which引导的非限制性定语从句不可放在_______________________________。

(3)as引导的定语从句有“__________的意思，而which指“_________”

句首、句中

句首，只能放在句中

关系词as和which的区别

正如…….

这…….

as,which引导非限制性定语从句的区别

aswhich

指代引导的从句只能指代整个主句的内容引导的从句既可指代整个主句的内容，又可指代主句的某一名词或代词

位置可位于主句之前、之中或之后可位于主句之中或之后，

不能位于主句之前

意义“正如，就像…”“这，那”

功能起连接上下文的作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等引导的从句，在意义上相当于一个并列句

a