英语北师大版选择性课件UNIT1SectionATOPICTALKLESSON1

UNIT1SectionA

TOPICTALK&LESSON1英语2021内容索引课前篇自主预习课堂篇互动探究晨读晚诵素养导航

晨读晚诵Thereareanumberofadvantagesfromincreasedengagementtotheself-esteemofestablishingapositiveteacher-studentrelationshipbetweeninstructorsandpupilsofallagegroups.Thepresenceofpositivestudent-teacherinteractionsalonedoesnotchangeacademicsuccess,butlearnersthatcreateastrongbond⑦withtheirteachersperformbetterthanthoselearnerswhohavesomeconflict⑧withtheirteachers.Teacherscanhelpinimprovingtheacademicsuccessofthestudentsbyexpressingconfidentexpectationsforeverystudent,givingstudentssimilaropportunitiestotakepartinclassdiscussion.

Ahealthyandpositiverelationshipbetweenstudentsandteacherscanbeenormouslyfavourableatallstagesofaneducationalinstitution,insidetheclassroomandacrossthewholeschoolenvironment.词海拾贝①influentialadj.有影响的②interactionn.互动③inturn反过来④havegreateffectson对……有巨大的影响⑤enhancev.增强,改善⑥allowfor顾及,考虑到⑦bondn.纽带⑧conflictn.冲突典句欣赏Thepresenceofpositivestudent-teacherinteractionsalonedoesnotchangeacademicsuccess,butlearnersthatcreateastrongbondwiththeirteachersperformbetterthanthoselearnerswhohavesomeconflictwiththeirteachers.译文:积极的师生互动本身并不会改变学生在学业上的成功,但是那些与老师建立了牢固联系的学生,会比那些与老师有冲突的学生表现得更好。分析:这是一个并列复合句。句中but连接两个并列分句,第一个分句是一个简单句。第二个分句中that引导第一个定语从句,先行词是learners;who引导第二个定语从句,先行词为thoselearners。理解诱思Howcanateacherhelpimprovestudents’academicsuccess?答案Byexpressingconfidentexpectationsandgivingthemsimilaropportunities.课前篇自主预习Ⅰ.知识体系图解重点词汇

1.traitn.

2.niecen.

3.nephewn.

4.secondaryadj.

5.flu

n.

6.anglen.

7.trianglen.

特性,品质侄女,外甥女侄子,外甥

中等教育;中级的;次要的流行性感冒,流感角三角形8.hydrogenn.

9.rocketn.

10.fueln.

11.presentationn.

12.acidn.

13.onionn.

14.educationalistn.

氢火箭燃料报告;陈述,说明酸洋葱教育(学)家15.

n.幽默感

16.

adj.热爱的,酷爱的;具有强烈信念的17.

adj.外向的,好交际的

18.

vt.主办;做……的东道主n.主人;主持人19.

adj.极好的;难以置信的

20.

adv.偶尔;偶然

21.

adj.情感上的;情绪上的

22.

adv.极度,极其

humourpassionate

outgoing

host

incredible

occasionally

emotional

extremely

23.

adj.感激的,感谢的

24.

adj.实际的;实践的;切实可行的

25.

vt.灌,注,倒

26.

vt.缺乏

27.

n.行为,举止

28.

vt.拖,拉

29.

n.进入;接触的机会

30.

adj.值得做的;重要的;有益的

grateful

practical

pour

lackbehaviour

drag

access

worthwhile重点短语

1.forthefirsttime

2.pourinto

3.acoupleof

4.

过去经常,曾经5.

总计;达到6.

点燃7.

建立8.

准许进入初次,第一次投入(倒)……于某物一些,几个;一双,一对usedto

addupto

setoff

setup

haveaccessto重点句式

1.SometimesIthink,ifonlyIcouldcallhimandaskforhisopinion!2.Thenwecouldmakesurethatwefindthepathtosuccess,bothatschoolandinlaterlife,forallofthem.重点语法过去完成时

Ⅱ.阅读导学A.阅读P8-9文章,判断正(T)误(F)。1.IdidwellinmathsbeforeImetMrJenkins.2.MrJenkinsbegantoteachmesciencewhenIwas15.3.MrJenkinstriedhisbesttomakehisclassinterestingandalive.4.MrJenkinshelpedmetobuildmyconfidence.5.WiththehelpofMrJenkins,Igavepresentationstotheclasseverywhereagainandagain.答案1~5

FTTTFB.阅读P8-9文章,选出最佳选项。1.WhatcanweknowaboutMrJenkins?A.HewasanexcellentEnglishteacher.B.Hewasabadteacherwithabitlazy.C.Hewouldexplainhardthingswithpracticalexamples.D.Hewouldforcestudentstogivepresentationstotheclass.答案

C2.WhatdidMrJenkinsthinkofGrahamwhentheymetforthefirsttime?A.Bored.

B.Brave.C.Lazy. .3.WhatdidMrJenkinsregretbytheexampleofGraham?A.Hedidn’tcreateastrongbondwithallstudents.B.Hedidn’tgiveequalopportunitiestoeachstudent.C.Hedidn’tmotivatehisstudentstodiscussinclassfreely.D.Hedidn’tencouragehisstudentstobuildtheirconfidence.答案

A答案

B答案

AⅢ.用所给动词的适当形式填空1.HeaskedmewhereI

(be)duringthesummerholidays.

2.What

Jane

(do)bythetimeshewasseven?

3.I

(learn)900EnglishwordsbythetimeIwasten.

4.She

(live)hereforafewyearsbeforeshemovedtoBeijing.

5.Bythetimemyparentsreachedhomeyesterday,I

(cook)thedinneralready.

hadbeenhaddone

hadlearnedhadlivedhadcookedhadseenhadhiddenhadwrittenhadlearned课堂篇互动探究重点词汇1hasasimilarpersonality/thesamesenseofhumourwithme和我有相似的性格/相同的幽默感(P6)【词汇精讲】humour用作名词,意为“幽默感”,还可以表示“幽默;诙谐;脾气;情绪”。humour在美式英语中写为humor。Herhumouraddssalttoherconversation.她很幽默,谈起话来妙趣横生。Everymanhashishumour.各人有各人的幽默。【词汇拓展】asenseofhumour幽默感inagood/badhumour 心情好/坏innohumour 没心思outofhumour 情绪不好humorousadj.

幽默的;滑稽的(2020江苏卷)Studiesshowthatagoodsense

of

humourevenmakesyouseemsmarter.研究表明,良好的幽默感甚至会让你看起来更聪明。Heisin

no

humourforsupper.他没心思吃晚饭。Dadisalwaysin

a

good

humourforgardening.爸爸干园艺活时,心情总是很好。【微写作】Thehumourwassohumorousthattheaudiencelaughedallthewaythroughit.这个幽默真的很幽默,观众自始至终都在笑。【迁移应用】完成句子(1)我情绪不大好。Iwasalittle

.

(2)我今天没心情做家务。I’m

todothehouseworktoday.

(3)他很有幽默感。Hehas

.

outofhumourinnohumouragoodsenseofhumour2outgoing

外向的,好交际的(P6)【词汇精讲】outgoing用作形容词,意为“外向的,好交际的”,还可以表示“即将离职的;出发的”。Heisanoutgoingandlivelyperson.他是个性格开朗而又活泼的人。Sheistheoutgoingheadofalargecorporation.她是一家大公司即将离职的负责人。Anyoutgoingraypathmustbecoincidentwiththatofthereturningray.任何发出的射线与返回的射线路径必须完全相同。【迁移应用】完成句子(1)我的双胞胎弟弟比我更外向。Mytwinbrotheris

thanme.

(2)他就是那位即将离职的主席。Heis

chairperson.

(3)机场取消了所有飞往外地的航班。Airportswereclosedtoallthe

.

moreoutgoingheoutgoingoutgoingflights3MymothertookcareofmeandthenwhenIwasfeelingbetterthenextweek,shehostedanotherChristmasdinnerjustsoIcouldenjoywhatImissed.

我妈妈照顾我,然后当我下周感觉好点的时候,她又举办了一次圣诞晚餐,这样我就可以享受我错过的东西。(P104)【词汇精讲】

在本句中host用作动词,意为“主办;做……的东道主”。host还可以用作名词,意为“主人;主持人”。host作“东道主,主人”解时,与其相对的阴性名词是hostess。MrMarcewillhostthereceptiontonight.马斯先生将主持今晚的招待会。Attheendoftheparty,wethankedourhostandwentbackhome.宴会结束时,我们感谢了主人后便回家去了。【微写作】(2020全国卷Ⅲ)Thehostorhostessofthepartywill,however,probablygivealltheguestsatouroftheirnewhome.然而,聚会的主人或女主人很可能会带领所有的客人参观一下他们的新家。【迁移应用】完成句子(1)哪个国家是下届奥运会的主办国?Whichcountrywillbe

forthenextOlympicGames?

(2)谁会是今晚的节目主持人?Whowillbe

fortonight’sprogramme?

(3)这个艺术中心今年夏天要举办一个民间节日。TheArtsCentreis

thissummer.

thehostcountrythehosthostingafolkfestival4It’sgoodthatwetakesometimeoccasionallytoremembersomeofthepositivethingsinlife,don’tyouagree?

我们偶尔花些时间来记住生活中一些积极的事情,这很好,你同意吗?(P104)【词汇精讲】

在本句中occasionally用作副词,意为“偶尔;偶然”。Husbandandwifeshouldswitchroleswitheachotheroccasionally.夫妻应该偶尔互换角色。【词汇拓展】occasionn.场合;时机onoccasion 有时,偶尔iftheoccasionarises(=iftheoccasionshouldarise)

必要的时候ononeoccasion 曾经,有一次onseveraloccasions 屡次,好几次take/seizetheoccasiontodo抓住时机做……,乘机做……occasionaladj.

偶尔的【词语辨析】occasion,situation,condition与case(1)occasion指特定的“时机,场合”;situation往往指“情况,形势”;condition指某时某处事情发展、存在的状况、状态或条件;case常指事物的特定情况、事情的真相和始末,如“病例,案件”等。如:Allthepeopleinvolvedinthiscasemustbepresent.所有与这起案件相关的人都必须到场。Thecurrentinternationalsituationisnotoptimistic.目前的国际形势不容乐观。Livingconditionshaveimprovedhereoverthepastfewyears.这里的生活条件在过去几年已得到改善。Itisnotverysuitabletosingsuchasongonthisformaloccasion.在这种正式场合唱这样一首歌是不太合适的。(2)occasion后面的定语从句多由when或onwhich引导;situation、case后面的定语从句多由where或inwhich引导。如:Thereareoccasionswhen/onwhichonemustgivein.任何人都有不得不让步的时候。Sometimesyouareinasituationwhereeverythinggoesagainstyourfavour.有时你会遇到什么都不顺的情况。occasionally

when

where

where【词汇拓展】addto使增强,使增加,使扩大addup 把……加起来,相加;合乎情理,有道理add...to... 把……加到……里addthat... 补充说……Thislessonadds

tothevalueofthebook.这一课增加了这本书的价值。Hewrotedowntheweightofeachstoneandthenadded

upalltheweight.他记下了每块石头的重量,然后再把这些重量加起来。hasbeenaddedtoaddedto

addup(4)这次旅行的费用总计达5000元。Thetravellingcostofthistime

5,000yuan.

(5)我想补充一句,我们对结果感到满意。I

thatwearepleasedwiththeresult.

addeduptowouldliketoadd6ButwhenIwas15andwentintoMrJenkins’class,Ireallybecameinterestedinasubjectfor

the

first

time.

但当我15岁进入詹金斯先生的课堂时,我第一次真正对一门学科产生了兴趣。(P8)【词汇精讲】在本句中forthefirsttime意为“第一次”。sbdo/doessthforthefirsttime某人第一次做某事=Itisthefirsttimeforsbtodosth=It/This/Thatisthefirsttimethatsbhave/hasdonesthHehasgotfullmarksintheEnglishexamfor

the

first

time.他第一次在英语考试中得满分。【词汇拓展】intime迟早;最后;及时ontime 准时allthetime 一直,始终atonetime 曾经,一度atatime 每次,逐一fromtimetotime 有时,偶尔innotime 立刻,马上attimes 有时Thecarcametoastopjustin

timetopreventanaccident.汽车及时停了下来,避免了一场事故。We’llhavehadtheleakfixedin

no

time.我们很快就会把漏洞修好的。*技巧点拨:intime后可接forsth/todosth的形式,意为“及时/来得及做某事”。【迁移应用】一句多译他第二次在物理考试中得满分。(1)

thathe

fullmarksinthephysicsexam.

(2)Itisthesecondtime

him

fullmarksinthephysicsexam.

(3)Hehasgotfullmarksinthephysicsexam

.

It/This/Thatisthesecondtimehasgotfortogetforthesecondtime

用time的相关短语填空(4)Ifyoukeepon,you’llsucceed

(迟早).

(5)

(曾经),halfthelandontheearth’ssurfacewascoveredbytheforest.

(6)

(首次),IfailedinanEnglishexam,thoughEnglishhadbeenmyfavourite.

intimeAtonetimeForthefirsttime7Heused

toexplainthingswhichseemeddifficultwithlotsofpracticalexamplesandinsimplelanguage.

他过去常常用大量的实例和简单的语言来解释那些似乎很难的事情。(P8)【词汇精讲1】在本句中usedto意为“过去经常,曾经”。WhenIwasakid,mysiblingsandIused

tohaveicecreamfordessert.在我孩提时,我和我的兄弟姐妹经常吃冰激凌当甜点。(3)短语be/getaccustomedto也可表示“习惯于”,其中to是介词,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式等作宾语。如:ThisisnotthekindoftreatmentIam

accustomed

to.这不是我习惯受到的那种待遇。(4)beusedtodosth“被用来做某事”,实际上是动词use的被动语态,to是不定式符号。如:Ametalbarwas

used

toforcethedooropen.用金属棒把门撬开了。【迁移应用1】完成句子(1)他过去常常在网上玩游戏,但是他已经戒掉了这个习惯,全身心地投入到学习中去了。He

gamesontheInternet,buthehasgivenuptheaddictionandputhisheartintostudies.

(2)我已经变得习惯于在喧闹而刺激的房间里工作。I’ve

workingintheroomofnoiseandexcitement.

usedtoplay(3)互联网应是用来获取有用信息的。TheInternet

usefulinformation.

(4)——过去在这条街的尽头有一家书店,是吧?——是的。几年前它被拆掉了。—Thereusedtobeabookstoreattheendofthestreet,

?

—Yes.Itwaspulleddownseveralyearsago.shouldbeusedtoget

didn’tthere【词汇精讲2】在本句中practical用作形容词,意为“实际的;实践的;切实可行的”,也可指事物具有实用性,用来形容事物。当用来形容人时,则意为“注重实际的,具有实际工作能力的”。当表示“有实际经验的”时,无比较级和最高级形式。It’saninterestingidea,buttherearemanypracticaldifficulties.这是一个很有意思的想法,然而却存在着许多实际困难。Theowner’sbrotherhasbeeninpracticalcontrolofthefirmforyears.该店主的弟弟实际控制该商行已有多年。【词汇拓展2】for(all)practicalpurposes实际上,事实上practisev.

练习,训练practicev.

练习,训练n.

练习,习惯,惯例;实践practise/practicedoingsth 练习做某事impracticaladj.

不切实际的;不实用的【微写作】Itwasapracticaltradition.Duringthesummervacation,Ipracticedhardwithothersregardlessofthehotweather.这是一个实用的传统。暑假期间,不管天气多热,我都和大家一起努力练习。for

playing

a

practical完成句子(5)理论是以实践为基础的,反过来又为实践服务。Theoryisbasedonpracticeand

.

(6)摆脱过时且不实用的陈旧的传统观念对我们来说是很重要的。Itisimportantforustobreakawayfromtheoldtraditionalideaswhichareoutofdate

.

inturnservespracticeandimpractical8Irememberthatheletmepoursomefuelintotherocket,andthenanotherstudentlitamatchtosetitoff.

我记得他让我往火箭里倒了一些燃料,然后另一个学生划着了一根火柴把它点燃。(P8)【词汇精讲】在本句中pour用作动词,意为“倒;倾泻”。还可以表示“不断流动;蜂拥而来”。(2020全国卷Ⅰ)AfterthatIpouredoilintoapanandturnedoffthestove.然后我把油倒进锅里,关掉炉子。Shewatchedtherainpouringdownthewindows.她注视着顺着窗户往下淌的大雨。Theshopsandofficespourmillionsofworkersintothestreetatthistimeeveryday.每天的这段时间有数以百万计的工作者从商店和办公场所涌向街头。【词汇拓展】pourdown向下倾注;流下pourin 大量地涌进来;倒入,使涌入pourinto 不断地或大量地流进或涌进pourout 倒出;倾诉;倾吐Thatsummeratorrentialrainpoured

downfortwodaysandnights.那年夏天,一场暴雨下了两天两夜。Thechimneywaspouring

outblacksmoke.烟囱里正冒出滚滚黑烟。out

in

into

完成句子(4)他很着急,汗水沿着他的脸直淌下来。Hewassoworriedthatsweatbeganto

.

(5)祝贺信从全国各地源源不断地涌来。Lettersofcongratulations

fromallpartsofthecountry.

(6)她慢慢地把水从壶里倒进瓶里。Sheslowly

thebottlefromthekettle.

(7)一到家,他喜欢先为自己倒点酒。Hewouldliketo

forhimselfthemomenthegothome.

pourdownhisfacepouredinpouredwaterintopouroutsomewine9TheproblemwasthatIlackedconfidenceinmyself.问题是我对自己缺乏信心。(P8)【词汇精讲】在本句中lack用作动词,意为“缺乏,不足”。lack还可以作名词,表示“缺乏;无”。(2020天津卷)Lackoftalentandtimeisnoreasonfortakingnoaction.缺乏天赋和时间并不是不采取行动的理由。Theylackedaclearunderstandingoftheproblem.他们对这个问题缺乏清楚的认识。【词汇拓展】lackforsth需要某物lackfornothing 一无所缺belackingin缺乏(品质、特点等)forlackof 因缺乏havenolackof 不缺乏beshortof 缺少(2020江苏卷)Later,heworkedinAfrica,wheremanypeoplesufferedfromblindnessfor

lack

ofpropertreatment.后来,他在非洲工作,那里有许多人因缺乏合理的治疗而失明。Hilarywenttothebankbecauseshewas

short

ofmoney.希拉里去银行了,因为她缺钱用。【迁移应用】完成句子(1)我们没有力气继续前行,于是就躺在地上睡一会儿。Aswe

thestrengthtogoanyfarther,welayonthegroundtohaveasleep.

(2)缺少雨水导致了严重的粮食短缺。

ledtotheseriouslackoffood.

(3)工程因资金匮乏只得被放弃。Theprojecthadtobegivenup

money.

lacked

Thelackofrain

forlackof(4)这姑娘好像完全没有勇气跟老板说不。Thegirlseemstobeentirely

couragetosaynototheboss.

(5)毕业后他申请了一份又一份工作,但都因为缺乏相关经验而被拒绝。Heappliedforjobafterjobaftergraduation,butwasalwaysrejected

previousexperience.

shortof/lackinginforlackof10Thefirstdayhewalkedintomyclass,hewasdragginghisschoolbagbehindhimandlookingbored,butassoonasIsetupanexperimenttoshowhowthehumanstomachworksusingacidandanonion,hegavemehisfullattention.第一天,他走进我的教室,身后拖着书包,看起来很无聊。但是,当我开始做一个实验,利用酸和洋葱来展示人类的胃是如何工作的时候,他就全神贯注地听我讲了。(P9)【词汇精讲】在本句中drag用作动词,意为“拖,拉”。还可以用作名词,意为“拖;拉;累赘;阻力”。Hedraggedtheheavycaseacrossthefloor.他在地板上拖着那个沉重的箱子。Thecatisreallyexcitedbythedragofthebasketonthefloor.在地板上拖着篮子玩可着实让那只猫兴奋了一回。【词汇拓展】dragdown把……向下拖,使衰弱dragin 插入讨论中dragon 拖延dragone’sfeet 拖着脚走,迟缓误事,拖拉,不合作dragout 使拖延,延长dragup 把……拉扯大;重新提起;翻……的旧账It’sthehighfeverthat’sbeendragginghimdown.是这场高烧把他的身体拖垮的。Let’snotdrag

outthediscussion—weneedtoreachadecision.别让这场讨论拖得太久,我们得作出决定。【迁移应用】完成句子(1)看起来那像是个会拖延多年的大烂摊子。Thatseemslikeahorriblemessthatwill

.

(2)用鼠标拖动图片,将其调整为新的尺寸。Useyourmouseto

theirnewsize.

dragonforyearsdragthepicturesto11Thethingaboutbeingateacheristhatyouhaveaccesstochildren’smindswhentheyareopenandeagertolearn.

作为一名教师,你可以在孩子们敞开心扉、渴望学习时接触到他们的思想。(P9)【词汇精讲】在本句中access用作名词,意为“进入;接触的机会,通道”;也可以用作动词,意为“进入”。access引申可指“接近或取得……的方法、手段、权利等”;access常与介词to连用。Thisistheonlymeansofaccesstothebuilding.这是进入这栋楼的唯一方式。Peopleinthatmountainareahadnoaccesstoeducation.那个山区的人们过去没有受教育的机会。Anerroroccurredwhenwetriedtoaccesstheinventorydatabase.当我们试图进入编目清单数据库时,出现了错误。【词汇拓展】beeasy/hard/difficultofaccess容易/难接近giveaccessto 接见;准许进入have/gain/get/obtainaccessto... 有/获得……方法accessibleadj.可接近的;可进入的;可使用的beaccessibletosb 某人可接近/可进入/可使用【迁移应用】完成句子(1)药品不应放在儿童容易拿到的地方。Medicineshouldnotbekeptwhereit

children.

(2)由于下雪,乡下的许多地方我们都去不了。Becauseofthesnow,manypartsofthecountrysidearenolonger

us.

(3)只有沿着那条狭窄的路走才能到达他们的房子。

theirhouseisalongthatnarrowroad.

isaccessibleto

accessibletoTheonlyaccessto(4)通向成功的方法是好好利用受教育的机会。Theaccess

istomakegooduseoftheaccesstoeducation.

(5)最近开发了一种新的软件,能让盲人使用因特网。Anewpieceofsoftwarehasrecentlybeendeveloped,makingtheInternet

theblind.

tosuccessaccessibleto12IfwhatIdoasateachercanhelpturnachildlikeGrahamintosuchasuccessfuladult,thenIknowwhatI’mdoingisworthwhile.如果我作为一名教师所做的可以帮助像格雷厄姆这样的孩子成为一个成功的成年人,那么我知道我所做的是值得的。(P9)【词汇精讲】在本句中worthwhile用作形容词,意为“值得做的;重要的;有益的”。worthwhile也可拼作worthwhile(即分为两个单词),两者意思相同,有时还可拼作worth-while,后一种形式只用作定语。表示“很值得……”,要用wellworth/worthwhile。Thankyouformakingmyvisitsoworthwhile.感谢你们使我的访问如此有价值。【词汇拓展】itisworthwhiletodo/doingsth值得做某事worthadj.

值得的beworthdoingsth 值得做某事worthyadj.

值得的beworthyofsth 值得……的beworthytobedone/ofbeingdone 值得被做It

isreallyworthwhile

tostudytheanimalsinCorbett.在科比特研究动物真的很值得。【词语辨析】worthwhile,worth与worthy(1)worthwhile值得的;值得做的。基本句式是itisworthwhiledoing/todosth。如:It

is

worthwhilesearchingforhisroots.有必要查查他的底细。Don’tyouthinkit

is

worthwhilecontinuingwiththeproject?难道你不认为这项工程值得继续做吗?(2)worth强调“某事值得做或表示物品的价值”,基本句式是sthbeworthsth或sthbeworthdoing。如:Thenecklaceis

worth500francsatmost.这条项链最多值500法郎。Thenovelis

worthreadingasecondtime.这部小说值得再看一遍。(3)worthy强调“应该得到(尊重、信任、表彰等)”,不表示价值。基本句式是beworthyofsth,beworthytobedone或beworthyofbeingdone。如:Hiscourageis

worthy

ofhighpraise.他的勇气值得高度赞扬。Theireffortsare

worthy

ofbeingsupportedbyyou.=Theireffortsare

worthy

tobesupportedbyyou.他们的努力应得到你的支持。(4)有时,相同的意思可以用以上三个词组成不同的表达。如:Theplaceofinterestis

worthavisit.=Theplaceofinterestis

worthvisiting.=Theplaceofinterestis

worthy

tobevisited.=Theplaceofinterestis

worthy

ofavisit.=Theplaceofinterestis

worthy

ofbeingvisited.=It

is

worthwhilevisitingtheplaceofinterest.这处名胜值得参观。considerationbeingconsideredit’sworthmentioning(3)那座教堂是那些古老壮观的英国建筑物之一,值得去参观。ThechurchwasoneofthosefineoldEnglishstructuresworthy

.

(4)我认为花这么多时间来讨论这件事不值得。Idon’tthinkit

todevotesomuchtimetodiscussingthematter.

ofavisit/tobevisited/ofbeingvisited

worthwhile重点句式1Sometimes

I

think,if

only

I

could

call

him

and

ask

for

his

opinion!

有时我想,要是我能打电话问问他的意见就好了!(P8)【句式剖析】本句中的ifonly引导宾语从句,意为“要是……就好了;只要”,后面的从句常用虚拟语气。Oh,ifonlyIcouldstayinChinaasanexchangestudent!哦,要是我能作为交换生留在中国该多好啊!LookatthetroubleIamin!IfonlyIhadfollowedyouradvice.瞧我现在多窘迫!要是听了你的建议就好了!【句式拓展】(1)ifonly引导的条件句,通常用来表示说话人对某事所寄予的某种强烈愿望。它可以独立使用,用来表示由于客观条件限制,为某事不大可能或完全不可能实现而感到惋惜或遗憾的复杂心情,常用虚拟语气。表示与过去事实相反:从句用过去完成时haddone/hadbeen;表示与现在事实相反:从句用过去时did/were;表示与将来事实相反:从句用could/would/might/shoulddo结构。(2)onlyif引导的条件状语从句,是一个对“条件”限制更严的“限制性条件状语从句”,表示“只有……(才);只有在……的时候,唯一的条件是……”;与if引导的一般条件句相比,它有一种增强主句语势的作用。Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings.只有闹钟响了,我才会醒。【迁移应用】用only

if/

if

only完成句子(1)Hewillsucceed

hedoeshisbest.

(2)

thecaseisurgentshouldyoucalloutthedoctorinthemiddleofthenight.

(3)

Iwereascleverasyou!

(4)

youhadnottoldTomwhatIsaid,everythingwouldhavebeenallright.

onlyifOnlyifIfonlyIfonly【迁移应用】单句语法填空(1)Hardworkisthekey

(success).

(2)Onlyonestudentknewtheanswer

thequestion.

(3)Thecoachsaidthattheroad

victoryisthroughpractice.

(4)Allentrances

thecityareguardedbyarmedmen.

tosuccesstototo重点语法过去完成时一、

概念:

表示过去的过去,其构成是had

+过去分词1.肯定句:主语+had+过去分词2.否定句:主语+had+not+过去分词3.一般疑问句:Had+主语+过去分词?肯定回答:Yes,主语+had.否定回答:No,主语+hadnot.4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(had+主语+过去分词)?二、

用法1.表示某一动作在过去某一时刻之前已完成。Hehadgonetobedby10:00lastnight.昨晚十点钟之前他已上床睡觉了。2.与一般过去时搭配,表达某一动作在过去的动作发生时已完成。ThetrainhadstartedwhenIgottothestation.当我到达车站时火车已开走了。4.使用过去完成时在简单句里表达某一动作在过去的某一时刻已完成时,该过去的时刻常以“by+过去时间”的短语来表达。例如下面的说法是不正确的:Hehadgonetobedat10:00lastnight.若是要说“at10:00lastnight”就必须用一般过去时“Hewenttobed...”。

试比较下面的句子:Ithadrainedyesterday.(误)Itrainedyesterday.(正)三、过去完成时常见句型过去完成时既可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的事情,也可表示过去某个时间或动作之前所发生的动作一直持续到过去某个时间,下面是过去完成时的常见句型:1.“Bytheendof+名词(短语),主语+haddone...”Bytheendoftheday,mostoftheinhabitantshadlefttheirhomes.到这一天结束,大部分居民已离开了他们的家。2.用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句中,表示动作发生在这些动词之前。ShesaidthatshehadneverbeentoParis.她说她从未去过巴黎。3.“Bythetime+从句(did/was/were),主语+haddone...”Bythetimewearrived,everyonehadreceivedmedicalcare.我们到达时,每个人已接受了医疗护理。4.“主语+haddone...,before从句(did/was/were)”Fortunately,thepeoplehadleftthevillagebeforethevolcanoerupted.幸运的是,火山喷发前人们已离开了村庄。5.“主语+haddone...,when从句(did/was/were)”TheyhadalreadyputthefireoutwhenIreturnedtothevillage.当我返回村子时,他们已将大火扑灭。6.“主语+(did/was/were),after从句(haddone)”Theearthquakehappenedinthedaytime,afterpeoplehadalreadylefthomeforworkorschool.地震发生在白天,当时人们已离开家去上班或上学。7.用在“Hardly(Scarcely/Barely)...when...或Nosooner...than...”句型中HardlyhadIgothomewhentherainpoureddown.我刚到家大雨就倾盆而下。Nosoonerhadhelefthomethanitbegantorain.他一离开家天就开始下起雨来。8.用在“It/This/Thatwasthefirst...time+that从句(haddone)”中Itwasthethirdtimethathehadmadethesamemistake.这是他第三次犯同样的错误了。9.用在“Itwas/hadbeen+一段时间+since从句(haddone)”中Itwastenyearssincewehadhadsuchawonderfultime.我们已经有十年都没这么高兴了。11.用于表示与过去事实相反的if虚拟条件句中Ifshehadseenyouyesterday,shewouldhavetoldyouthetruth.如果她昨天见过你,她早就告诉你事实的真相了。12.用在wish后的宾语从句中,表示与过去事实相反Iwishedthathehadn’tmadesuchamistake.我希望他从未犯过这样的错误。四、过去完成时与其他时态的区别过去完成时有特殊的语法规则,它与其他时态有明显不同,不仅结构上不同,内容、含义上也不同。1.过去完成时与现在完成时的区别现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去,以现在的时