2022-2023学年四川省成都市名校高三（上）期末英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年四川省成都市名校高三（上）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）ANewStoriesAwaitJustforYouTheOriginofDisease

CarolynMerchant，JD&ChristopherMerchant，MD

Containingexcitinginformationandthought，thisbookcouldhelppeoplefindwaystoimproveoravoiddiseasesthatcandramaticallychangelives.Pullingmedicalknowledgetogetherinanoriginalway，itprovidesanewvisionforunderstandingchronic（慢性的）disease，andchallengesreaderstothinkofchronicdiseasebasedontherootcauses.Formanypeople，medicalbookscanbeahardbarriertojump.butthisbookiswritteninanaccessiblestyleandformat，andcontainsinformationusefultothelayperson，notjustmedicalprofessionals.

FromHealingtoHell

W.H.Wall，Jr

FromHealingtoHellisaboutthefallofagoodanddecentmanandgoesfurthertorevealtheshockingdetailsofhowhewasdoneacruelinjusticeatthehandsofaCIAgovernmentexperimentwiththedrugLSD.Thebooktellsthestoryofillegalactivitybyofficialsinpowerwhooperatedinthenameofprotectingthecountry.

TheStuffofMonuments

RichardA.Crousey

Littlethingsoccurregularly，forbiddingustorecognizetheirsignificance.Whatfinallycausesthemtoblossomintosweetnessistheirfadingaway.Throughthestoriesinthebook，itisshownthattheseasonsofourlivesaremadeupofthestuffthatwentbefore.Nothingistrulylost.Asonepicturebeginstofade，anotherbeginstodawn.

ThereAreNoMonstersHere

BuffyBrinkley

Alittleboyisafraidtogotobedwhenhismotherannounceshisbedtime.Hebelievestheremaybemonstershidinginhisroom.However，hisfeardoesn'tstophimfromtryingtofindthem.Whathisdecisioncreatesisadoorwaytoacceptanceandfriendship.Outoffearcomesdelight，andtheideathatwhatweseeandhowweinitiallyjudgeasituationcanbewrong——thatwhatittakestoovercomeourfearscansometimesbethebestwaytomakeafriend.1.WhoarethetargetedreadersofthebookTheOriginofDisease？______A.Studentspreferringchallenges.

B.Peoplecaringabouttheirhealth.

C.Researchersinthechemistrylab.

D.Doctorsintheemergencyroom.2.Whichbookismostlikelytobeacollectionofshortstories？______A.TheOriginofDisease. B.FromHealingtoHell.

C.TheStuffofMonuments. D.ThereAreNoMonstersHere.3.Whatbringstheboyfriendshipinthelastbook？______A.Hisinnocence. B.Hisfear. C.Hiscourage. D.Hiscreativity.B

Ienjoythrowingstuffaway.I'dlovetogofullminimalism(极简主义),butmywifeandtwokidsdonotsharemydreamofahousewithalmostnothinginit.Ihavetried.Whenthekidswerelittle,Itaughtthemmyfavoritegames—"DoWeNeedIt"and"PutItinItsPlace"—andmadethemplayeverymonth.Theirenthusiasmnevermatchedmine.

Tobehonest,myowntidyingskillsarenotasgreatasI'dlike.MyabandonedpileisneverwhatIwantbecauseImakeupexcusesforwhythingsareuseful.Iconsiderthisunhealthy.Iwanttobebetteratmovingon.

So,thistimeIfoundhelp-theclassicforpeoplelikeme:TheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp,byMarieKondo.Kondo'sphilosophyisonlytokeepthingsyoulove.CanIgofullKondo?Iwilltry.Oncecentralideaistocleanbycategory.Youcollectallclothes.Next，holdeachitemandaskifitbringsyoujoy.Andthat'showIfindmyselfwithallmyclothesonmybedroomfloor.Mywifewalksbyandgivesmealooksaying,I'mcrazy.

Nearthebottomofthischaosismyspecialjacket.Ihaven'twornitinabout30years.

Somehow,ithassurvived.Now,hasitstimecome?ThereisatearjustbelowthecollarthatwidensasIholdit.WillIeverwearitagain?Notachance.Doesitbringmejoy?Actually,yes.Atthismoment,mydaughterwalksin.Sheasksaboutthejacket.Itellherthestory.ShethinksIshouldkeepit.It'suniqueandfullofmemories.Sheisarguingthatnostalgiaistheveryreason.

I'mnotentirelyconvincedbymydaughter.Ibelieveinlookingahead,notbackward.

Nevertheless,sometimesit'shardtoletgo.SoIgentlyplacethejacketonthe"keep"pile.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor'sfamilymembersfromParagraph1？

A.Theydon'tunderstandwhattheauthorinsistson.

B.Theycompletelysupportwhattheauthordoes.

C.Theyarelesspassionateaboutfullminimalism.

D.Theyarestronglyopposedtofullminimalism.5.WhatdrivestheauthortoreadTheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp？A.Tolearnhowtocategorize.

B.Toimprovehistidyingskills.

C.Topersuadehisfamilymembers.

D.Todevelopapassionforminimalism.6.Whydoestheauthor'sdaughterthinkheshouldkeepthejacket？A.Itbearssomememories.

B.Itisingoodcondition.

C.Helikestowearspecialjackets.

D.Itbelongstothe"jackets"category.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout？A.Theimportanceofcategorizingskills.

B.Aninspirationcomingfromabook.

C.Theauthor'seffortstogominimalism.

D.Thechangesbroughtbyminimalism.C

Afterservingasabackupcrewmemberfor24years,ChinesetaikonautDengQingming'sdreamfinallycametrue—heperformedhisfirstspacemissiononboardtheShenzhouXVspaceshipalongwithtwootherastronautsonNov.29.

Dengisthelastoneofthecountry'sfirstgroupof14astronautstobesentintospace.ThenameofDeng,56yearsold,wasnotknownbymanypeopleuntilChinalaunchedtheShenzhouXIIIspaceshipinOctoberlastyear.Thestoryoftheveteran(老战士)whorelentlesslypursuedhisspacedreamdespiteservingasabackupforyearsmovedmany,andforwhichhewaspraisedasa"hiddenhero".

In1996,DengbegantotakepartinthePLAAirForce'sselectionofastronautcandidatesandwasfinallyselectedwithanother13aviators.Inthefollowingyears,Dengdedicatedalmostallofhistimetotrainingandhassparednoeffortstostriveforanopportunitytoflyintospace.HewasabackupcrewmemberfortheShenzhoulX,XandXI,XIIImissions.

"Beingabackupdoesn'tmeanyoudon'tneedtowork.ImustwatchcloselyinthecontrolcenterandofferallIknowaboutthemissionandthespacecraftincaseofemergency,"Dengsaidduringapreviousinterview."OnlywhenthecrewreturnstoEarthwillmymissionbecomplete".

WhentrainingforShenzhouXImissioncarriedoutin2016,Dengwasconfinedinaspacecraftsimulatornobiggerthan10squaremetersfor33days.Theyhadnoshowersandenduredloudnoiseandpiercinglightastheytriedtosleep.

Nomatterhowdifficulttheroadtospaceflightis,Dengneveroncethoughtofgivingup.Hewasawardedthetitle"RoleModeloftheTimes"bythePublicityDepartmentoftheCommunistPartyofChinaCentralCommitteein2018.

"Beitacreworabackup,itisthejob.Andthesuccessofthemissioncomesbeforemypersonalwishes"Dengoncesaid.8.WhatcanweknowaboutDengQingming？A.HebelongstothelatestgroupofChina'sastronauts.

B.Hewillperformhisfirstspacemissiononboardalone.

C.Hisstorywasn'trevealedtothepublicuntillastyear.

D.Hewasabackupcrewmemberfornomorethan20years.9.WhatdidDengneedtodoasabackup？A.Testthespacecraftsimulatorandrecordthereaction.

B.Giveordersinthecontrolcenterincaseofemergency.

C.Monitorastronauts'trainingforon-comingspacemissions.

D.Keepaneyeontheon-goingmissionandprovideassistance.10.WhichwordscanbestdescribeDeng？A.Determinedanddevoted. B.Creativeandambitious.

C.Talentedanddistinguished. D.Hardworkingandhonest.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？A.China'sSpaceExplorationPlanofThisYear.

B.Stay-at-homeTaikonaut'sDreamComingTrue.

C.China'sSpaceDreamDeeplyRootedinTaikonauts.

D.ShenzhouXVSpaceshipCarryingAstronautsintoSpace.D

Inthepast60orsoyears.Americanparents'approachtonamingtheirkidshasundergoneaprofoundshift.

Today,manyparentsseekoutlesspopularnamestohelptheirkidsstandout.Butinthepast,parentstypicallypickedcommonnames,consciouslyornot，sothattheirkidswouldfitin.

"Wearedeepinaneraofnamingindividualitywhereparentsassumethathavinganamewhichsoundsdistinctiveanduniqueisavirtue,"LauraWattenberg,thefounderofthenaming-trendssiteNamerology,said,"howparentsarethinkingaboutnamingkidsismorelikehowcompaniesthinkaboutnamingproducts,whichisakindofcompetitivemarketplacewhereyouneedtobeabletogetattentiontosucceed."

Thereweresignsthatpeopleweretiredofnamesthatweretoopopular.ClevelandEvans,aprofessoremeritusofpsychologyatBellevueUniversityandanexpertonnames,saidthattherewasa1953songtitledJohn,John,John,whichincludedthelines"EveryTom,Dick,andHarry'scalledJohn.Can'twegivethislittleguyabreakandcallhimsomethingnew?"

Thistunesignaledthecomingturntowardnoveltyanddistinctivenessthattookholdinthe1960s.Itwasdrivenbyanumberofbroadershiftsindailylife.Asfamilysizesshrunkandkidsstoppeddoinglabor，Americans"startedtofixateontheuniquenessofeachchild"asthesociologistPhilipCohenhaswritten,and"individualityemergedasaproject—startingwithnaming—ofcreatinganidentity."

Anothercrucialchangeisthatinthe1960sparentsstartedgainingaccesstodataonbaby-namingtrends,accordingtoEvans.Booksinformedparentswhichnameswerepopular—and,byextension,whichoverexposednamestheymightwanttoavoidofthishasbroughtustoaneraofexceptionallyvariednames,which,inaway,representsitsownkindofconformity:tryingnottobelikeeveryoneelsemakesyoujustlikeeveryoneelse.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"virtue"inParagraph3probablymean？

A.Agoodquality. B.Amoralstandard.

C.Anattractivehabit. D.Anobviousadvantage.13.WhyisthesongJohn,John,JohnmentionedinParagraph4？A.Toshowthatthesongwaswidelyspread.

B.ToshowthatJohnwasachildeveryoneliked.

C.ToshowthatthenameJohnwastoooverexposed.

D.ToshowthatthenameJohnwassomethingquitenew.14.WhatcausedtheprofoundshiftofnamingkidsinAmerica？A.Thelargerfamilysizesandlesslaborforchildren.

B.Parents'concernsaboutthenoveltyanddistinctiveness.

C.Somebooksshowingwhichnamesareappropriateforchildren.

D.Thechangesindailylifeandtheaccesstothenamingtrend.15.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardstheprofoundshiftofnamingkidsinAmerica？A.Doubtful. B.Optimistic. C.Ambiguous. D.Indifferent.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）GreenIsGood

Plantingandgrowingthingsoffersalotmorethanfreshvegetablesandflowers.Workinginaniceoutdoorspacecanhelpyoustayrefreshed,promoteyourcreativityandenrichyourleisureactivities.

(16)

.Therearemoreadvantages.

Providingafunworkout

It'swonderfultogetoutinthegardenonabeautifuldaytogiveitatidy.Plantingseeds,pullingupweeds,movingpots,pushingalawnmower,andothergardeningtasksactuallyprovideawhole-body,moderate-intensityworkoutforpeople,especiallyforadults.

(17)

,whichmightkeepyouinmotionlongerthantraditionalexercise.

(18)

Havingdirtunderyourfingernailsmaybeasignofpoorhygiene,butscientistssayitcouldalsobeamarkofgoodhealth.Thankstobeneficialbacteriafoundinsoil,gardeningmayboostyourimmunesystem,helpingyougetsicklessandfightoffinfectionseasier.

Nourishingyourspirit

(19)

.AccordingtoanexperimentconductedbyNASA,scientistsfoundthatplantingandnurturingseeds,eveninsmallpots,liftedastronauts'moodsandeasedtheirstressinthesevereenvironmentofouterspace.Andifgardeningcandothatforastronauts,itshouldbemorethangoodenoughforthoseofuswhowatchthemonTV.

Increasingcoordinationandstrength

Handandfingerstrength,flexibilityandcoordinationareessentialforeverydaytaskslikeopeningjarscarryingpackagesandpickingupchildren.

(20)

.Therefore,makegooduseofgardeningasanidealapproachtoenhancingyourcoordinationandstrength.

A.Sharpeningyourmind

B.Andthat'sjustforstarters

C.Improvingyourimmunesystem

D.Evenbetter,whateveryourage,itisabeneficialactivity

E.Workingwithplantsprovidesstressreliefandpositivesensorystimulation

F.Thebenefitscomefromacombinationofphysicalexerciseandthestressreduction

G.Gardeningisagreatwaytoimproveandmaintainthosefinemotorskillsandmuscles16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）WhenIwas4yearsold,myauntputapairofheadphonesaroundmyearsoneday.ForthefirsttimeIlistenedtoclassicalmusic.Myfirstexperiencewithitwas

(21)

.Themomentsheputthoseheadphoneson,Istoppedeverythingandstared

(22)

outintotheuniverse,

(23)

bywhatwasgoingonbetweenmyears.

(24)

her,Ihadanearlyenjoyableexperiencewithclassicalmusicthat

(25)

mylifepath.Istartedtakingpianolessonsandcomposingmypiecesofmusicat9.InhighschoolI

(26)

abandwithmybestfriendsplayingandrecordingmusicandithadbecomeahugepartofmylifeand

(27)

.

(28)

ofthese,though,wouldhavemuchstoryvaluewithoutsomecomplications.Incollege,Istartedballroomdancing,andallofusbegantopursueourindividuallife

(29)

.Musictookaback

(30)

untilonedayin2017.ItwasausualSundayafternoonandIplayedabitonthepiano,butthistimewasalittle

(31)

.Somethingsnapped(突然失去控制)inmeandIwas

(32)

foraction.HowcouldIhavegivenuponmusic?Iwentonlineimmediatelytobuysome

(33)

tostartrecording.Thethingsyoudon'tdotodaywillendupbeingthe

(34)

oftomorrow.SoIstartedplayingpassionately,writingand

(35)

mypiecesonline.Inafewmonths,Ihaddozensofpiecespublishedandmy

(36)

wasonfire.Asmorepeoplebegantolistentomymusic,Igot

(37)

feedback.Theysaidmymusicmadethemthinkandrelax.ItoldthemthatIcould

(38)

.Forsomeitwasevengoodsleepaidoragoodwayto

(39)

stressfromaharddayatwork.Ibegantorealizethatmymusicwasn'tjustforme—itcould

(40)

andhelpothersinameaningfulway.21.

A.useful B.magical C.painful D.similar22.

A.horribly B.angrily C.politely D.blankly23.

A.fascinated B.encouraged C.terrified D.confirmed24.

A.Regardlessof B.Exceptfor C.Thanksto D.Asto25.

A.speededup B.brokeup C.clearedup D.setup26.

A.replaced B.formed C.booked D.quitted27.

A.career B.identity C.research D.challenge28.

A.Each B.All C.None D.Neither29.

A.paths B.virtues C.benefits D.attitudes30.

A.door B.page C.scat D.room31.

A.urgent B.difficult C.familiar D.different32.

A.motivated B.expected C.changed D.convinced33.

A.pieces B.tools C.videos D.lyrics34.

A.regrets B.plans C.comforts D.failures35.

A.reading B.selling C.posting D.wrapping36.

A.creativity B.curiosity C.courage D.caution37.

A.confusing B.rewarding C.demanding D.professional38.

A.review B.remark C.report D.relate39.

A.control B.cause C.relieve D.produce40.

A.accept B.present C.protect D.heal四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.Thirty-sixvisually-impaired（视力缺损的）visitorsheadtotheHulunBuirgrasslandinnorthChina'sInner.Mongolia.LiManshuoisoneofthevolunteers(1)（accompany）them.Her"job"istohelpthreegroupmembers"experience"thesightsasbesttheycan.

Liisstudying(2)amaster's.degreeintourismmanagementandshe'susinghermidtermbreaktoundertakethetrip."Visually-impairedtravelersgettheexperience(3)（main）throughsmellingorlistening，ortouchingwiththeirhands，"Lisays."Also，withour(4)（describe），theycancreateapictureofthesceneintheirminds.

Guidinginsteadoftakingover，MeiZhiyuisthedirectorofZhisuCommonwealOrganization，aSuzhou-basednon-profitorganizationthat，through(5)（it）owntravelagency，hasgivenmorethan1，000braveblindand.low-visiontravelersthechance(6)（explore）placesalloverChina.

Beforeatoursetsout，thevolunteers，eachof(7).isnormallyassignedtotwoorthreetravelers，receivesafetyinstructionsandbasictraining.Throughoutthetrip，theirperformance(8)（assess）byMeionadailybasis."Themostimportantthingisnottothinkofthemasincapacitatedpeople，"hesays.

"Actually，mostvisually-impairedpeoplehavea(9)（great）capacitytolookafterthemselvesthanwethink，andwetrytoofferthemthesameexperiencesassightedtravelers."

Meilikeshisroletoworklikeabridge，connectingthevisually--impairedtotheoutsideworld."Eventhoughtheycan'1see，"hesays，"theycanexperience(10)worldinotherways."(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Ifyou'rethinkingofgoingawaytostudy，yourchoiceofaccommodationwillbegreatimportant.Youmaybeluckyenoughtohavethechancestayingwithrelatives.Therefore，thiscanbringproblemsaswellasadvantages.Familylifemaywelldistractyoufromyourstudies，andtherewillalsobethequestionsofthatyoushouldpayyourrelatives.Nomatterhowcaringtheymaybeandnomatterhowmuchtheywantyouwiththey，theywon'texpecttokeepyoufornothing.Paytoomuchortoolittlecanbeeasilyleadyoutobadfeeling.Butsettingtherightamountcanbetrickyandembarrassed.Somepeoplemaydistrustarrangementofrelatives.Believeitornot，there'sastrangeideathatitcostsnothingeitherforyouorforrelatives，ifyou'relivingwiththem.Lodgingwithstrangerscanoftenbethebestarrangementatall.六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）43.假定你是李华，你的英国好友Peter准备参加“元旦汉语诗歌朗诵比赛”，向你咨询建议。请你根据提示给他回复邮件。内容包括：

1.朗诵选材；

2.朗诵技巧；

3.其他注意事项。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

DearPeter，

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Yours，

LiHua

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、C、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据The

Origin

of

Disease下面的介绍中For

many

people，medical

books

can

be

a

hard

barrier

to

jump.but

this

book

is

written

in

an

accessible

style

and

format，and

contains

information

useful

to

the

lay

person，not

just

medical

professionals.

（对许多人来说，医学书籍可能是一个难以跨越的障碍。但这本书是以一种易于阅读的风格和格式编写的，它包含了对外行人有用的信息，而不仅仅是医学专业人士）并结合选项可知，这本书的目标读者是关心自己的健康的人们。故选B项。

（2）推理判断题。根据The

Stuff

of

Monuments下面的介绍中Through

the

stories

in

the

book，it

is

shown

that

the

seasons

of

our

lives

are

made

up

of

the

stuff

that

went

before.

（通过书中的故事，我们可以看到，我们生活的时节是由过去的东西组成的）可知，书中有许多不同的故事；从而推知，The

Stuff

of

Monuments可能是一部短篇故事集。故选C项。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一本书的介绍中Out

of

fear

comes

delight，and

the

idea

that

what

we

see

and

how

we

initially

judge

a

situation

can

be

wrong——that

what

it

takes

to

overcome

our

fears

can

sometimes

be

the

best

way

to

make

a

friend.（恐惧带来快乐，而我们所看到的以及我们最初如何判断一种情况的想法可能是错误的——克服恐惧所需要的东西有时可能是交朋友的最佳方式）可知，在书中是他的勇气（克服恐惧所需要的东西）给他带来了友谊。A．His

innocence他的天真；B．His

fear他的恐惧；C．His

courage他的勇气；D．His

creativity他的创造力。故选C项。

这是一篇应用文。这篇短文主要介绍了四本书的内容。第一本书是关于疾病起源的，提供了改善或避免疾病的方法。第二本书讲述了一个善良人的堕落和他在CIA实验中受到不公正对待的故事。第三本书通过故事展示了生活中微小事物的重要性，以及过去的经历如何影响我们的人生。最后一本书是关于一个小男孩害怕睡觉时房间里可能有怪物的故事，通过克服恐惧结交朋友的故事来传达一个观点。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。4~7.【答案】C、B、A、C【解析】【文章大意】本文为一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者自己喜欢扔掉东西，喜欢完全的极简主义风格，为了提高自己的整理技能，作者专门读了《改变生活的整理魔法》这本书。在分类整理衣物时，作者翻出了一件他穿了三十年的夹克，不知道是扔掉还是留下，在女儿的建议和作者的一番思考之后，最终把它留下了。

1.

根据第一段内容（我喜欢扔掉东西。我喜欢完全的极简主义，但我的妻子和两个十几岁的孩子不喜欢我那种几乎什么都没有的房子的梦想。我试过了。当孩子们还小的时候，我教他们我最喜欢的两个游戏——“我们需要它吗?”和“放回原位”——每隔几个月就让他们玩一次。他们的热情永远比不上我。）可知，作者的家人对待极简主义的热情永远比不上自己。故选C。

2.

根据第二段内容（说实话，我自己的整理技能并没有我想要的那么好。我废弃的那堆东西从来都不是我想要的，因为我总为东西有用找借口。我认为这很不健康。我想更好地继续前进。）和第三段中的So,thistimeIfoundhelp-theclassicforpeoplelikeme:TheLife-ChangingMagicofTidyingUp,byMarieKondo.（所以，这一次我找到了帮助——适合我这样的人的经典著作：近藤麻理惠的《改变生活的整理魔法》。）可推知，作者之所以读《改变生活的整理魔法》这本书是为了提高自己的整理技能。故选B。3.

根据倒数第三段中的She

thinks

I

should

keep

it.It's

unique

and

fullof

memories.She

is

arguing

that

nostalgia

is

the

very

reason.（她认为我应该留着它。很独特，充满回忆。她认为怀旧正是原因。）可知，作者的女儿认为应该留着这件夹克是因为它承载了一些记忆。故选A。

4.

文章第一段提出作者喜欢完全的极简主义风格，并且努力让家人也融入其中；第二段指出自己的整理技巧有待提升；第三段提到自己为了提高整理技巧阅读了近藤麻理惠的《改变生活的整理魔法》；第四至第七段是作者整理自己的衣物过程中引发的思考。因此，本文主要讲的是作者追求极简主义的努力。故选C。8~11.【答案】C、D、A、B【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在担任了24年的后备宇航员后，中国宇航员邓清明的梦想终于实现了——11月29日，他与另外两名宇航员一起在神舟十五号飞船上执行了他的首次太空任务。

1.

根据文章第二段中的ThenameofDeng,56yearsold,wasnotknownbymanypeopleuntilChinalaunchedtheShenzhouXIIIspaceshipinOctoberlastyear.（邓今年56岁，直到去年10月中国发射神舟十三号飞船后，很多人才知道他的名字。）可知，C项（他的故事直到去年才公之于众）。）符合题意。故选C。

2.

根据文章第四段中的"Beingabackupdoesn'tmeanyoudon'tneedtowork.ImustwatchcloselyinthecontrolcenterandofferallIknowaboutthemissionandthespacecraftincaseofemergency,"Dengsaidduringapreviousinterview.（“做备份并不意味着你不需要工作。我必须在控制中心密切监视，并在紧急情况下提供我所知道的关于这次任务和飞船的所有信息，”邓在之前的一次采访中说。）可知，邓需要关注正在进行的任务，并作为后援提供协助。故选D。

3.

根据文章第二段中的Thestoryoftheveteran(老战士)whorelentlesslypursuedhisspacedreamdespiteservingasabackupforyearsmovedmany,andforwhichhewaspraisedasa"hiddenhero".（这位退伍军人的故事感动了许多人，他被誉为“隐藏的英雄”，尽管他多年来一直担任后备役，但他坚持不懈地追求他的太空梦想。）和倒数第二段中的Nomatterhowdifficulttheroadtospaceflightis,Dengneveroncethoughtofgivingup.（无论太空之路有多艰难，邓从未想过放弃。）可知，邓是坚定而有奉献精神的。A项：Determinedanddevoted坚定而有奉献精神的；B项：Creativeandambitious有创造力和雄心的；C项：Talentedanddistinguished才华出众的；D项：Hardworkingandhonest勤劳诚实的。故选A。

4.

根据文章第一段内容（在做了24年的后备船员后，中国宇航员邓清明的梦想终于实现了——11月29日，他与另外两名宇航员一起在神舟十五号飞船上执行了他的第一次太空任务。）可知，本文主要讲述了中国宇航员邓清明的梦想终于实现了。因此B项（居家太空人梦想成真。）是本文的最佳标题。故选B。12~15.【答案】D、C、D、A【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了在过去的60多年里，美国父母给孩子取名的方式经历了一场深刻的转变。

1.

根据文章第三段内容（命名潮流网站Namerology的创始人劳拉•瓦滕伯格（LauraWattenberg）说：“我们正处于一个以个性命名的时代，父母认为拥有一个听起来与众不同的名字是一种美德。父母如何考虑给孩子命名，更像是公司如何考虑给产品命名，这是一个竞争激烈的市场，你需要能够获得关注才能成功。”）可知，virtue的意思是“一个明显的优势”。A项（良好的品质。）；B项（道德标准。）；C项（一个吸引人的习惯。）；D项（一个明显的优势。）。故选D。2.

根据文章第四段内容（有迹象表明，人们已经厌倦了过于流行的名字。贝尔维尤大学心理学名誉教授、姓名专家克利夫兰•埃文斯说，1953年有一首名为《约翰，约翰，约翰》的歌曲，歌词中有“每个汤姆、迪克和哈利都叫约翰。我们就不能让这个小家伙喘口气，给他起个新名字吗？”）可知，第三段提到《约翰，约翰，约翰》这首歌是为了表明约翰这个名字曝光度太高。故选C。3.

根据文章倒数第二段内容（这首曲子标志着20世纪60年代开始流行的向新奇和独特的转变。它是由日常生活中一些更广泛的变化所驱动的。正如社会学家菲利普•科恩（PhilipCohen）所写的那样，随着家庭规模的缩小和孩子们不再劳动，美国人“开始关注每个孩子的独特性”，“个性作为一个创造身份的项目——从命名开始。”）可知，日常生活的变化和对命名趋势的把握引起了美国儿童命名的深刻变化。因此，D项（日常生活的变化与命名趋势的获取。）符合题意。故选D。4.

根据文章最后一段中的Booksinformedparentswhichnameswerepopular...everyoneelsemakesyoujustlikeeveryoneelse.（书本告诉父母哪些名字是受欢迎的，进而告诉他们哪些名字过于暴露，他们可能要避免。这将我们带入了一个名字异常多样的时代，在某种程度上，这代表了一种从众性：努力不像其他人会让你和其他人一样。）可知，作者对美国孩子取名的深刻变化持怀疑态度。A.Doubtful.怀疑的；B.Optimistic.乐观的；C.Ambiguous.模棱两可的；D.Indifferent.不在乎的。故选A。16~20.【答案】B、D、C、E、G【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了种植新鲜的蔬菜和花卉有更多的好处。

1.

根据上文Workinginaniceoutdoorspacecanhelpyoustayrefreshed,promoteyourcreativityandenrichyourleisureactivities.（在一个舒适的户外工作可以帮助你保持精力充沛，提高你的创造力，丰富你的休闲活动）可知，舒适的户外工作的好处。B选项（这只是开始。）符合语境。故选B。2.

根据上文Plantingseeds,pullingupweeds,movingpots,pushingalawnmower,andothergardeningtasksactuallyprovideawhole-body,moderate-intensityworkoutforpeople,especiallyforadults.（播种、除草、移动花盆、推动割草机和其他园艺工作实际上为人们，尤其是成年人提供了全身、中等强度的锻炼。）和下文which

mightkeep

you

in

motionlonger

than

traditional

exercise.（这可能比传统的运动使你保持运动的时间更长）可知，在园艺里工作还能锻炼身体。D选项（更好的是，无论你的年龄，这是一个有益的活动）符合语境。故选D。3.

根据下文Havingdirtunderyourfingernails...helpingyougetsicklessandfightoffinfectionseasier.（指甲里有污垢可能是不卫生的标志，但是科学家说这也可能是健康的标志。由于在土壤中发现了有益的细菌，园艺可以增强你的免疫系统，帮助你少生病，更容易抵御感染。）可知，在园艺里的土壤有益的细菌能增强免疫系统。C选项（改善你的免疫系统）符合语境。故选C。4.

根据下文AccordingtoanexperimentconductedbyNASA,scientistsfoundthatplantingandnurturingseeds,eveninsmallpots,liftedastronauts'moodsandeasedtheirstressinthesevereenvironmentofouterspace.（根据美国宇航局进行的一项实验，科学家们发现，播种和培育种子，即使是在小罐子里，也能提升宇航员的情绪，缓解他们在外太空恶劣环境中的压力。）可知，播种和培育种子提升情绪，缓解压力。E选项（与植物一起工作可以缓解压力，提供积极的感官刺激）符合语境。故选E。5.

根据下文Therefore,makegooduseofgardeningasanidealapproachtoenhancingyourcoordinationandstrength.（因此，充分利用园艺作为一个理想的方法，以提高你的协调性和力量。）可知，园艺工作提高协调性，对身体的好处太多了。G选项（园艺是改善和保持这些精细运动技能和肌肉的好方法）符合语境。故选G。21~40.【答案】B、D、A、C、D、B、B、C、A、C、D、A、B、A、C、A、B、D、C、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的音乐之路开始于姨妈给作者听的古典音乐。

1.

句意：我对它的第一次体验很神奇。A.useful有用的；B.magical有魔力的；C.painful痛苦的；D.similar相似的。根据下句The

moment

she

put

those

headphoneson,I

stopped

everything可知她（给我）戴上耳机的那一刻，我停止了一切。说明古典音乐非常有魔力。故选B。

2.

句意：她（给我）戴上耳机的那一刻，我停止了手中的一切，茫然地凝视着外面的世界，被我两耳之间发生的事情迷住了。A.horribly可怕地；B.angrily生气地；C.politely礼貌地；D.blankly茫然地。根据Istoppedeverythingandstared

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outintotheuniverse,

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bywhatwasgoingonbetweenmyears.可知，我停止了一切，被两耳之间发生的事情迷住了，所以我茫然地凝视着外面的世界。故选D。3.

句意同上。A.fascinated着迷；B.encouraged鼓励；C.terrified使害怕；D.confirmed确认。根据上句I

stopped

everything可知，我停止了一切，说明我被两耳之间发生的事情（古典音乐）迷住了。故选A。4.

句意：多亏了她，我早年就有了享受古典音乐的经历，奠定了我的人生道路。A.Regardlessof不管不顾；B.Exceptfor除了；C.Thanksto幸亏；D.Asto关于。根据下句Ihadanearlyenjoyableexperiencewithclassicalmusicthat

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mylifepath.可知多亏了她，我很早就有了欣赏古典音乐的愉快经历，这奠定了我的人生道路。故选C。5.

句意同上。A.speededup加速；B.brokeup分手；C.clearedup清除；D.setup建立。根据Ihadanearlyenjoyableexperiencewithclassicalmusic可知，我很早就有了欣赏古典音乐的愉快经历，这奠定了我的人生道路。故选D。6.

句意：高中时，我和我最好的朋友组成了一个乐队，演奏和录制音乐，这已经成为我生活和身份的重要组成部分。A.replaced代替；B.formed形成；C.booked预定；D.quitted放弃。根据空后a

band

with

my

best

friends

playing

and

recording

music可知高中时，我和我最好的朋友组成了一个乐队，一起演奏和录制音乐。故选B。7.

句意同上。A.career事业；B.identity身份；C.research研究；D.challenge挑战。根据上句InhighschoolI

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abandwithmybestfriendsplayingandrecordingmusic可知，高中时，我和我最好的朋友组成了一个乐队，演奏和录制音乐，这已经成为我生活和身份的一个重要部分。故选B。8.

句意：然而，如果没有一些复杂的情节，这些都不会有多大的故事价值。A.Each每个；B.All所有；C.None没有；D.Neither两者都不。noneofthese没有这些，即上文所说的经历。故选C。9.

句意：上大学时，我开始跳交际舞，我们所有人都开始追求各自的人生道路。A.paths小路；B.virtues德行；C.benefits好处；D.attitudes态度。根据前文

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her,Ihadanearlyenjoyableexperiencewithclassicalmusicthat

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mylifepath.可知，多亏了她，我很早就有了欣赏古典音乐的愉快经历，这奠定了我的人生道路。说明在大学里，我开始在舞厅跳舞，我们所有人都开始追求自己的独特道路。故选A。10.

句意：音乐一度退居幕后，直到2017年的某一天。A.door门；B.page页码；C.seat座位；D.room房子。根据后文SoIstartedplayingpassionately,writingand

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mypiecesonline.可知，那时我开始热情地演奏，写作并在网上发布我的作品。说明音乐之前退居二线，直到2017年的一天。故选C。11.

句意：这是一个平常的周日下午，我弹了一会儿钢琴，但这次有点不同。A.urgent紧急的；B.difficult困难的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.different不同的。根据下句Somethingsnapped(突然失去控制)inmeandIwas

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foraction.可知，我突然有了灵感，我被激励着去行动。说明这次与以前有所不同。故选D。

12.

句意：我的内心驱动力突然爆发，我有了行动的动力。A.motivated使产生动机；B.expected期盼；C.changed改变；D.convinced使信服。根据下句Iwentonlineimmediatelytobuysome

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tostartrecording.可知，我马上上网买了一些工具开始录音。说明我被激励着去行动。故选A。

13.

句意：我立刻上网买了一些工具开始录音。A.pieces张，片；B.tools工具；C.videos视频；D.ly