第十二讲 定语从句（一）-初高中英语衔接课学案

第第页第十二讲定语从句（一）-初高中英语衔接课学案第十二讲定语从句（一）

考纲要求：

掌握定语从句的定义及组成要素

学会关系副词和关系代词的选择

掌握关系副词和关系代词的关系，并学会转换

知识点梳理：

一、TranslatethefollowingsentencestakenfromBook3Module5anddiscovertheruleofattributiveclause.

1.AncientChinawasaplacewherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachother.

古代中国是一个各诸侯国之间经常发生战争的地方。

2.Itwasalsoatimewhenthereweremanygreatphilosophers.

那也是一个产生了许多的哲学家的时期

3.Confuciusisthephilosopherwhoseinfluencehasbeenthegreatest.

孔子是影响力最大的哲学家

4.Moziwasanotherteacherwhowasveryinfluential.

墨子又是一位极具影响力的教师

5.Hecamefromafamilywhichwasverypoor.

他来自一个非常贫穷的家庭

总结定语从句的定义：

用来修饰一个句子中的某个名词或代词的从句（有时可修饰一个句子）

二、定语从句的组成要素

Moziwasanotherteacherwhowasveryinfluential.

先行词引导词/关系词

三、关系词的分类

关系词分为分为关系代词和关系副词

关系代词：whowhomthatwhichwhose

关系副词：wherewhenwhy

关系副词和关系代词的选择

拆分以下句子，使得句子保证完整性，并总结关系词的选择

1.AncientChinawasaplacewherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachother.

①AncientChinawasaplace.

②Stateswereoftenatwarwitheachotherattheplace.地点状语

2.Itwasalsoatimewhenthereweremanygreatphilosophers.

①Itwasalsoatime.

②Thereweremanygreatphilosophersatthattime.时间状语

3.Hecamefromafamilywhichwasverypoor.

①Hecamefromafamily.

②Thefamilywasverypoor.主语

总结：如果句子从句少状语，应选择关系副词；若少主宾表，应选择关系代词;若作定语选择whose.

五、关系代词与关系副词的联系

IwillneverforgetthedaysthatIspentatcollege.

Iwillneverforgetthedayswhenweplayedhappilytogether.

总结：

关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词（从句中为关系代词），即关系副词=介词+关系代词

Eg.ThisisthehousewhereIlived.=ThisisthehouseinwhichIlived.

Thisisthereasonwhyhewaslate=Thisisthereasonforwhichhewaslate.

六、注意事项

情况1介词的位置

Themanwho/whomyouspoketowasateacher.

Themantowhomyouspokewasateacher.

情况2关系代词的选择

“介词+which（指物）/who（指人）”

情况3介词的确定

Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles

根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系

CanyouexplaintomehowtousethesemachinesaboutwhichI’msure.

根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配

1988wastheyearinwhichshewasborn.

根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯

课后巩固练习Practise

I.Fillintheblankswithproperprepositions:

1.Doyoulikethebook________________________________shespent$10

2.Doyoulikethebook________________________________shepaid$10

3.Doyoulikethebook_______________________________sheoftentalks

4.Theschool________________heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.

5.Theschool______________heoncestudiedisveryfamous.

II.Correctthefollowingmistakes.

Istillrememberthedaythatwevisitedthemuseum.

III.Translatethefollowingsentence.

这就是我想找的那块手表。

Thisisthewatch____________I’mlookingfor.

答案与解析：

I.1.onwhich

解析：介词+关系代词，由spendsomemoneyonsth.可知，介词为on

2.forwhich

解析：介词+关系代词，由paysomemoneyforsth.可知，介词为for

3.aboutwhich

解析：介词+关系代词，由talkaboutsth.可知，介词为about

4.which

解析：从句中缺