（学生版）专题08 并列句和状语从句-备战2023年高考英语考试易错题

专题08并列句和状语从句—备战2023年高考英语考试易错题【导入】并列连词和状语从句解题思路：1.句型判断法：细心审题，对号入座2.逻辑判断法：准确理解句意，确定适当连词技巧1连词用法要熟记1.（2017·北京）—Peter,pleasesenduspostcardswe’llknowwhereyouhavevisited.—Noproblem.【解析】——Peter，请给我们寄一些明信片，这样我们就能知道你去过哪里。——没有问题。根据语境可知，让Peter寄明信片的目的是了解Peter去过哪里，此处表示目的，所以用so连接并列句。注意：不能误填for，如果后半句表示原因可用for，且之前常有逗号隔开。【答案】so1．and用法示例意为“和，并且”，当连接三个或三个以上并列的成分时，一般在最后两者之间加and，其余用逗号分开Solid,liquidandgasarethethreestatesofmatter.固态、液态和气态是物质的三种状态。“go(come,stop等)＋and＋动词原形”中，“and＋动词原形”相当于“inorderto＋动词原形”I'llgoandbringbackyourboots.＝I'llgoinordertobringbackyourboots.我去把你的靴子拿回来。“动词＋and＋动词”，前后为同一动词，表示动作长时间地“继续”或“重复”Wewaitedandwaited.我们等啊等。“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”相当于“if从句＋主句”Workhardandyouwillsucceed.＝Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.努力工作，你就会成功。2．or用法示例表示选择，意为“或，还是”Wouldyoupreferteaorcoffee？你喜欢茶还是咖啡？“祈使句＋or(else)＋陈述句”相当于“if…not＋主句”Dresswarmly,or(else)you'llcatchacold.穿暖和点儿，否则你会感冒的。3．表示对比、转折关系的并列连词有but,yet,whereas,while等。►Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。►Someofthestudiesshowpositiveresults,whereasothersnot.有一些研究结果令人满意，然而其他的则不然。【注意】but还可用于“I'msorrybut…”“Excusemebut…”句式中。►IamsorrybutIwon'tbeabletocometonight.对不起我今晚不能来。4．表示因果关系的并列连词有so,for等。►Itmusthaverainedlastnight,foritiswetallover.昨晚一定下雨了，因为到处都是湿的。►Theshopswereclosed,soIdidn'tgetanymilk.商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶。5．when也可用作并列连词，常用于以下句式中：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(bedoingsthwhen…正在做……这时……,beabouttodosthwhen…正打算做……这时……,beonthepointofdoingsthwhen…正要做……这时……,hadjustdonesthwhen…刚做完……这时……))►IhadjustfinishedmyhomeworkwhenTomcametome.我刚写完作业，Tom就来找我了。6．both…and…，neither…nor…，notonly…butalso…等。►Hespokewithbothkindnessandunderstanding.他说话既亲切又善解人意。►NeitherTomnorHelenishard­working.Tom和Helen都不勤奋。（2017·乙卷（全国Ⅰ）改错）Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor’sorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindwentblank.2.（2017·丙卷(全国Ⅲ)改错）Ihavegrownnotonlyphysically,andalsomentallyinthepastfewyears.3.XiaoMingtookhiscellphonetoschooland①playedcellphoneinclass，so②hisheadteacherwasveryangry.HesaidtoXiaoMing，“Othersarestudyinghardwhile③youareplayinghard.Youeitherquitschoolorbreakthecellphone.④”XiaoMingdidn’twanttobreakhiscellphonebut⑤hecouldn’tquitschool.Hethoughttohimself，“Breakit，orIwillbedismissed.⑥”Ifhewasdismissed，notonlywouldhismothercrybutalsohisfatherwoulddeliverhimaspanking①.说出划线连词在句中的逻辑意义：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________技巧2依据句子逻辑确定状语从句引导词1.（2020·全国卷Ⅲ）___65___heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(传奇的)artist,theysmiledand___66___(point)downtheriver.【解析】考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。【答案】When/As1.【2016·浙江】_______onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.A.SinceB.AfterC.WhileD.Unless2.（2017·北京）Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeopleyoufigureitout.技巧3注意固定句式中的连词1.Theyserveasanimportantdrivingforceforlocaleconomicandsocialdevelopment,whileactingasabridgebetweenQuanzhou____________thewiderworld.【解析】and考查并列连词。句意：他们是当地经济和社会发展的重要驱动力，同时也是泉州与世界的桥梁。分析句子结构可知，空处应填并列连词。between...and...为固定搭配，意为“在……之间”，故填and。【答案】and1.Somepeopleareabletoloseweightonhigh­proteindietsintheshort­termbutthisweightlossisnotduetoeatingmoreanimalprotein,____________simplyduetoconsumingfewercalories.2.Lifeisn'tperfectandit'salwayshard,____________weneedremindersinourlifefromfriends,authors,bloggers,pastorsorourinnerspiritstorefocusonthethingsthatmatterandmakeuslivepositively.基础夯实考点一并列连词常考的并列连词表示转折、对比关系but,yet（然而）,while（然而，强调对比或转折）Iwasneververyneat,whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人，然而我的室友凯特却极有条理。IwasdrivingdowntoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.我正在开车去伦敦，这时我突然发现自己走错了路。表示并列关系and,both...and...,notonly...but（also）...,neither...nor...等表示选择关系or,either...or...,notbut表示因果关系so,for（一般不放在句首）特殊并列连词及并列句when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于andatthis/thattime。常用于下列句式：①beabouttodosth.when...某人正要做某事，这时突然……②beonthepointofdoingsth.when...某人正要做某事，这时突然……③bedoingsth.when...某人正在做某事，这时突然……④sb.hadjustdonesth.when...某人刚做完某事，这时突然……“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语考点二状语从句一、时间状语从句1.when/while/as引导的时间状语从句whenwhen引导的从句的谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。IlovedhistorywhenIwasatschool.我上学时喜欢历史。whilewhile引导的从句常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生。Whilesomepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.当一些人被成功的需要驱动的时候,另一些人却被失败的恐惧驱动着。asas可表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行,可译为“一边……,一边……;随着……”。Astheaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.随着人口平均年龄的增长,有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。2.表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句1）assoonas,themoment,theminute,theinstant,immediately,directly等Themomentmyauntgainedherdiplomaafterfouryearsofhardwork,shewasfilledwithjoy.我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。2）在hardly...when...,nosooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。Ihadhardlygottotheofficewhenmywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce.我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。3.before,since引导的时间状语从句1）before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。常用句式：①Itwillbe/was＋一段时间＋before...要过/过了……时间才……；②Itwon’tbe/wasn’t＋一段时间＋before...要不了多久就/没过多久就……。Ifyoumissthischance,itwillbeyearsbeforeyougetanotherone.如果你错过了这个机会,那要过很多年你才能获得另一个。2）since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since从句（常用过去时）。since从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常为一般现在时、现在完成时或现在完成进行时。Asisreported,itisover100yearssinceTsinghuaUniversitywasfounded.据报道，自清华大学建立以来已有一百多年了。4.till/until引导的时间状语从句主句是肯定句时，until/till表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；主句是否定句时，not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句首，而till不能。Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething,youmayresearchandtalktootherpeopleuntilyoufigureitout.如果你不理解某事，你可以去调查并和其他人讨论，直到你把它弄明白。5.everytime，eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime，bythetime等引导的时间状语从句Bythetimeyouhavefinishedthisbook,yourmealwillgetcold.等你看完这本书,你的饭就凉了。二、让步状语从句1.although,though,as和while引导的让步状语从句Althoughthesemeasuresarenoteffectiveforever,theyarevitalfornow.虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。Hotas/thoughthenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.夜晚的空气虽然很热，但我们睡得很沉，因为长途旅行之后我们太累了。易错提示1）though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；although引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句用倒装语序：表语/状语/谓语中的实义动词＋as＋主语＋其他，若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词。2）while引导的让步状语从句一般置于句首。2.evenif与eventhough引导的让步状语从句evenif/eventhough引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。Timisingoodshapephysicallyeventhough/evenifhedoesn’tgetmuchexercise.尽管蒂姆不怎么锻炼，但他身体状态很好。3.“疑问词-ever”引导的让步状语从句“疑问词-ever”引导让步状语从句时，相当于nomatter+疑问词。However/Nomatterhowhardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.不管你多么努力，不减少饭量，减肥很难。4.whether...or...引导的让步状语从句whether...or...意为“不管是……还是……”。该复合连词引导的让步状语从句表示正反两个方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。Allpeople,whethertheyareoldoryoung,richorpoor,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster.所有人，无论年老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。三、其他状语从句条件状语从句if,unless（如果不,除非）,so/aslongas（只要）,onconditionthat（条件是）,incase（万一）,supposing（假如）,provided/providing（如果）Youwon’tgetpaidfortimeoffunlessyouhaveadoctor’snote.除非你有医生的证明，否则你不上班便拿不到工资。Hehadhiscamerareadyincasehesawsomethingthatwouldmakeagoodpicture.他准备好了照相机，以防看到一些能够拍成好照片的东西。As/Sinceyouwereout,Ileftamessage.你不在，所以我留了一张字条。IfoundallthemissingthingswhereIhadleftthem.我在丢东西的地方找到了所有丢失的东西。原因状语从句because,as,since,nowthat,consideringthat（考虑到,鉴于）目的状语从句sothat,inorderthat,incase（以防）结果状语从句sothat,so...that...,such...that...地点状语从句where,wherever方式状语从句as（按照）,asif/asthough（好像）比较状语从句than,notas/so...as...模拟演练Ⅰ、单项选择1．Takeataxi,you'llmissyourtrain.A．and B．if C．otherwise D．but2．Don’tuseyourmobilephonewhilecharging,______youmaybeshockedbyelectricity.A．or B．and C．but D．yet3.Nearlythreemonthshadgoneby_________theseriouslyinjuredgirlshowedaslightsignofrecovery.A．until B．beforeC．since D．after4.Thoughitis5years________heretiredfromhisworkplace,theoldprofessorremainsactiveintheacademiccircles.A．when B．that C．before D．since5.________hepassedawayin1961,MeiLanfanghadbeenperformingandencouragingthespreadofPekingOperaforalmost60years.A．Once B．As C．Until D．Since6．________everyonehaslefttheparty,weneedtostartcleaning.A．Before B．Whenever C．Nowthat D．Incase7．______youhavethechancetoproveyourabilities,whynotmakefulluseofit?A．Evenif B．Assoonas C．Nowthat D．Aslongas8．Severalyearslater,HelenandZhouMeimetagaininNewYorkandtheypickeduptheirfriendship________itleftoff.A．where B．what C．how. D．when9．1studyItalian________IwouldbeabletoreadDanteintheoriginal.A．sothat B．eventhough C．incase D．asif10．—Whatdoyouthinkoftheteacher?—______sheiselegant,shecanbeextremelydifficulttodealwith.A．Evenif B．As C．Because D．While11．________agreatmanypeopleliketheconvenienceofusingWeChattocommunicatewitheachother,toomanyjunkmessagesonitmaymakethembored.A．How B．When C．Since D．While12．Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisen________therewasnothingayearagobutruins.A．where B．which C．that D．when13．Wewillgocampingthisweekend________theweatherisgood.A．solongas B．asfaras C．forfearthat D．nowthat14．1haveheardmanyyoungpeoplesaytheyneverfullyappreciatedtheirmothers________itwastoolatetotellthem.A．as B．that C．until D．when15．________richonemaybe.thereisalwayssomethingonewants.A．Whatever B．Whenever C．However D．Wherever16．Weallneedtogetinvolvedinsavingenergy________it'satwork,athome,oratschool.A．unless B．once C．whether D．because17．thingshadbeentoughwhenhewasinschool,hegraduatedfromcollegewiththehighesthonor.A．If B．While C．Because D．As18．Ionlytakeonworkthatexcitesmeitmeansturningdownlotsofmoney.A．asif B．incase C．nowthat D．evenif19．—Mikeis___________honestboythatallofuslikehim.A．such B．so C．suchan D．soan20．_______I’mwillingtohelp,Idon’thavemuchtimeavailable.A．As B．While C．Asthough D．Since21．Ifyoudon’tgraspthischance,itmaybeyears______yougetanotherone.A．before B．since C．until D．unless22．---Howlongwillitbe________yourbrotherattendsuniversity?---Halfamonth.A．since B．before C．until D．when23．Wewereallconfusedwhyheleftthejob____hewassowellpaidinthatbigcompany.A．if B．until C．once D．when24．Ifyouaretravelling____________customsarereallyforeigntoyou,pleasedoastheRomansdo.A．where B．when C．that D．which25．Twoyearsago,anewschoolwassetup_________therehadoncebeenafactory.A．that B．when C．which D．whereⅡ、语法填空1._____________difficultieswemeet,wecanworkthemout.(用适当的词填空)2.Beingequippedwithrichexperience,____________itisfrombooksorpractice,willmakehimwellpreparedforhisfuturecareer.(用适当的单词填空)3.TheXiamenoftodayisstillchanging,sorapidly,infact,_________________mapsofthecitybecomeoutdatedalmostassoonasthey_________________(publish).(用适当的单词和所给词的适当形式填空)4．Themotherheldthebabyinherfrontpawsmuchthewayahumandoes.________itcried,sherockeditbackandforthandgaveitlittlecomfortingpats.5．Overtime,________thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.6.Seniorcitizensarethefirsttocometoourmindwhenyouthinkofhearingloss,butinarecentreport,hearingprofessionalsworryteenagerswillsoonoutnumberagingadults______itcomestolivingwithhearingloss.7.Theyputonprotectivesuitsandgloves______theyenteredthebuilding.8．MymotherisalwayswarningmewhenIgoout,“Don'tgetoffthebus________itisrunning．”9．Ihadhardlyrungthebell________thedoorwasopenedsuddenly,andmysonrushedouttogreetme．10．Iwon'tlendyoumycar________youpromiseyouwillnotdriveafterdrinking．11．Hehadtosellhisluxurycar,________hiscompanywasindebt．12.Itwillbeoftenalongtime______yourfriendfullyremovesthatmemory，sodon'tbedisappointedifitdoesn'thappenimmediately.13.Heknewthatcholerawouldnotbecontrolled______itscausewasfound.14.Today,heissogoodatwoodcarving______hishomecityallowshimtoworkhismagiconoldtreestumpsandsofarabout40worksofarthavebeencreatedinthelocalparks.15.Thefearisthat______wedon’tstarttakingthislitteroutoftheskysoon,itwillbecomeasignificantthreattoactivesatellites.16.Wemustlearnbyusingthelanguage.______wearesatisfiedwithonlyafewruleswehavememorized,wearenotreallylearningthelanguage.Ⅲ、短文填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Forages,embroidery（刺绣）1．（know）asawoman’sjob.However,likeanygoodfashiondesigner,ZhangYandarestobedifferent.Inthelastthreemonths,the25-year-old’sworkhashitNewYorkandchangedtheimpressionaboutmenandneedlework.HisshowinNewYorkwascalledFusheng，2．means“afloatinglife”.It3．（feature）thinsilkandSuzhouembroidery.Zhangexplainedhismethodandtechnique4．thereporterofCGTN.Heusedafirm,transparentsilktosymbolizethetwocharacteristicsof5．（flexible）andsteadiness.Theserefertothetwoperiodsofourlives-whenweareyoungandwhenwegrowup.Intheshow,about100childrencameuptothecatwalkwithChineseclassicalmusic.TheyworeclotheswithtraditionalChinesepatterns,6．goldfishanddragons,symbolizinggoodluckandstrength.Zhang’spathtosuccessisnoteasy.It’sajourneyfullofsweatandtears.7．（inspire）bymuseumpieces,Zhanghasspentaboutfouryearslearningtoembroideronqipao.Zhangwantstobringembroiderytotheworldofhighdesign,8．（give）fullplaytotheclassicalbeauty.9．handlingthetinyneedlewithhisbighandswasn’teasyatfirst,afterthreetofiveyearsofpractice,Zhangsaidhehad10．（great）improvedhiswork,intermsofbothappearanceanddetail.“I’mtryingtobeenthusiastic,stayinterestedandkeepmovingonandon.”真题演练【2022年】1（2022新高考I卷）Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNPisdesignedtoreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,__________leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.2（2022新高考II卷）Hehungonforafewminutes___________screamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn'thearhim.【2021年】1．（2021·天津卷）Weallneedtogetinvolvedinsavingenergy________it'satwork,athome,oratschool.A．unless B．once C．whether D．because2．（2021·天津卷）WhatpuzzlesLily'sfriendsis________shealwayshassomanycrazyideas.A．whether B．why C．what D．when3.（2021·全国乙卷短文改错）Ilovedoinghousework.Ialwaysassistmyparentsindoingthedishesaftermeals.Ialsowatertheflowersintheyardandtidyupmyownbedroomwhatevernecessary.4.（2021·浙江1月卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassIndex(体重指数)across200countries,thescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier28．thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool29．givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.Itiscalculatedbydividinga30．(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared.andaBMIofbetween19and2531．(consider)healthy.Thestudyfoundthatbetween1985and2017,averageruralBMIincreased32．2.1inwomenandmen.Incities,however,thegain33．(be)1.3inwomenand1.6inmen.Theresearchersdescribed“strikingchanges”inthegeographyofBMI.Tn1985，urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries34．(study)hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandruralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed35．(sharp).Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople36．(live)inthecountryside,including37．(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.【2020年】1.（2020·江苏卷）Theydecidetohavemoreworkersfortheproject____itwon’tbedelayed.A.evenif B.asif C.nowthat D.sothat【2019年】1.【2019·江苏卷】Thedoctorshareshisphonenumberwiththepatients__________theyneedmedicalassistance.A.ifonly B.asif C.eventhough D.incase2.【2019·天津卷】Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents'opinion_________hewantstheirsupport.A.since B.onceC.unless D.after3.【2019·新课标I卷】Suddenlyfootballfeeljustinfrontofmebutalmosthitme.4.【2019·新课标II卷】Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsIhavemade_(make)overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,___67___becauseIwantto.”5.【2019·新课标III卷】Onourwaytothehouse，itwasraining___61___hardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketoget(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.【2018年】1.【2018·江苏】_______you

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