2023年山东省日照市中考英语真题（含解析）

2023年山东省日照市中考英语试卷第I卷一、完形填空。阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.Insixthgrade,Ijoinedthebandprogramtolearntoplaytheclarinet（单簧管）.Thefirstyearhadgone___1___.Butasmoststudentsprogressed,Iseemedto___2___behind.Oneday,whenmyteachertoldustoperforminclass,Iwasfilledwith___3___.WhenIbegantoplay,myrhythms（节奏）weregood,butmytone（调）wasanother___4___.“Didn’tyoupracticeyourlesson?”theteachershoutedatme.Ifeltso___5___andmyworldfelldownatonce.Fromthenon,I___6___playingtheclarinetandIwasgettingworse.Withthenewperformancecomingnear,Igrew___7___upset.Inamomentofpanic（惊慌）,Iaskedforsickleave.Itwassucha(n)___8___wayoutandIwastotallyinrelief.Icontinued___9___mylessonsuntilmymumaskedmeaboutit.“Iwanttogiveup,”saidwithtearsinmyeyes.“Whyareyou____10____,ifyoureallywanttogiveup?”askedmum.Shehada(n)____11____andIrealizedthatIreallywantedtostayinthebandand,bynotfacingmyfears,Ihadcreatedablackholethatwouldbedifficultto____12____outof.Iknewit’stimetofindmywayout.ThenextdayI____13____withmyotherbandteacherandtoldheraboutmyproblems.Sheaskedmegentlytoplayforher.Itried,____14____onlyanunpleasantsoundcameouthehandedmeanewreed（簧片）.Iputitinplaceandtriedagain.Tomy____15____,Icouldplaysowell.Hidingfromthosefearsonlydigsahole,makingapersontrapped（陷入困境）inside.Afterfacinguptoafear,onemayfindlifeeasierandmoreenjoyable.1.A.slowly B.quickly C.quietly D.smoothly2.A.walk B.fall C.step D.move3.A.fear B.regret C.joy D.courage4.A.novel B.piece C.story D.part5.A.relaxed B.embarrassed C.worried D.nervous6.A.loved B.kept C.hated D.started7.A.finally B.hopefully C.suddenly D.increasingly8.A.hard B.easy C.silly D.painful9.A.avoiding B.taking C.choosing D.attending10.A.shouting B.crying C.changing D.asking11.A.point B.idea C.sight D.mind12.A.push B.pull C.draw D.climb13.A.argued B.played C.met D.worked14.A.and B.but C.or D.so15.A.sadness B.amusement C.surprise D.disappointment【答案】1.D2.B3.A4.C5.B6.C7.D8.B9.A10.B11.A12.D13.C14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文讲述作者在六年级学单簧管遇到挫败，然后勇敢直面恐惧并战胜它的故事。【1题详解】句意：第一年过得很顺利。slowly缓慢地；quickly快速地；quietly安静地；smoothly顺利地。根据下文“Butasmoststudentsprogressed,Iseemedto…behind.”可知，后来似乎掉队了，说明第一年过得比较顺利，应用smoothly来表示。故选D。【2题详解】句意：但随着大多数学生的进步，我似乎落后了。walk走路；fall落下；step踏上；move移动。根据“behind”可知此处应用动词短语fallbehind表示“落后”。故选B。【3题详解】句意：有一天，当我的老师让我们在其他学生面前演奏时，我充满了恐惧。fear害怕，恐惧；regret悔恨，遗憾；joy喜悦，快乐；courage勇气。根据下文“andmyworldfelldownatonce”可知，我的世界瞬间崩塌了，说明很害怕。故选A。【4题详解】句意：当我开始演奏时，我的节奏很好，但我的音调是另一回事。novel小说；piece片；story故事；part部分。根据“myrhythms（节奏）weregood,butmytone（调）wasanother”可知，节奏和音调不是同一回事，应用story来表示。故选C。【5题详解】句意：我感觉很尴尬，我的世界一下子就塌了下来。relaxed放松的；embarrassed尴尬的；worried担忧的；nervous紧张的。根据“theteachershoutedatme”可知，老师对着我吼道，因此此处应是感到尴尬。故选B。【6题详解】句意：从那时起，我讨厌吹单簧管，而且我的情况越来越糟。loved热爱；kept保持；hated讨厌；started开始。根据下文“Iwasgettingworse”可知，我的情况变得更糟糕，说明我讨厌吹单簧管。故选C。【7题详解】句意：随着新演出的临近，我越来越沮丧。finally最后；hopefully满怀希望地；suddenly突然；increasingly越来越多地。根据“Inamomentofpanic（惊慌）,Iaskedforsickleave.”可知，我很惊慌，请病假，说明越来越沮丧，应用increasingly来表示“越来越多地”。故选D。【8题详解】句意：这是一条如此简单的出路，我完全松了一口气。hard困难的；easy容易的；silly愚蠢的；painful痛苦的。根据“Iwastotallyinrelief”可知，我松了一口气，说明这条出路很容易。故选B。【9题详解】句意：我继续逃课，直到我妈妈问起了这件事。avoiding避开；taking拿取；choosing选择；attending参加。根据上文“Iaskedforsickleave”可知，我装病躲避上课。故选A。【10题详解】句意：如果你真的想放弃，你为什么哭？shouting喊叫；crying哭；changing改变；asking问。根据“saidwithtearsinmyeyes”可知作者在哭，妈妈问如果真的想放弃，为什么还要哭。故选B。【11题详解】句意：她说的有道理，我意识到我真的很想留在乐队里，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。point点；idea主意；sight视野；mind心力。根据“Irealizedthat”可知此处应用haveapoint表示“有道理”。故选A。【12题详解】句意：她说的有道理，我意识到我真的很想留在乐队里，因为没有面对我的恐惧，我创造了一个很难爬出来的黑洞。push推；pull拉；draw画；climb爬。根据“Ihadcreatedablackhole”可知此处指很难爬出这个创造出来的黑洞。故选D。【13题详解】句意：第二天，我见到了另一位乐队老师，并向她讲述了我的问题。argued争吵；played玩耍；met遇见；worked工作。根据“toldheraboutmyproblems”可知此处应用动词短语meetwith表示“见到，遇见”。故选C。【14题详解】句意：我试了试，但只发出一个不愉快的声音出来。and并且；but但是；or或者；so因此。根据“Itried”和“onlyanunpleasantsoundcameout”可知，我试了试，但只发出一个不愉快的声音出来。前后两句存在意思上的转折，应用but来连接。故选B。【15题详解】句意：令我惊喜的是，我可以演奏得这么好。sadness悲伤；amusement好笑，搞笑；surprise惊喜；disappointment失望。根据“Icouldplaysowell”可知，我演奏得很好，这事是让我感到惊喜的。故选C。二、阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的A、B.C.D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Whenyouaretiredofbuildings,youcanvisitoneofLondon’smanybeautifulparks.HydeParkfirstopenedtothepeopleofLondonintheseventeenthcentury.ItisnotfarfromtheshopsofbusyOxfordStreet,butitisniceandquiet.InthecenteristhelakecalledtheSerpentine,andyoucantakeaboatoutonthewater.ThereareusuallyalotofpeopleatSpeakers’Corner.Somepeoplecomeherebecausetheywanttotelltheworldimportantorinterestingthings—aboutthegovernment,orscience,orthechurch,or“theendoftheworld”.TheystandattheCorner,andcallouttoallthepeoplearoundthem.Otherpeoplestandandlisten,andsometimeslaughtoo.KensingtonGardensisnexttoHydePark.Hereyoucanseeastatue（雕像）ofPeterPan,thefamousboyinthebookPeterPanbyJ.M.Baie.Thereisalsoaplaygroundhere,calledtheDiana,PrincessofWalesMemorialPlayground.Andtheplaygroundhaslotsofexcitingthingsforchildren.Regent’sParkisthehomeofLondonzoo.Thezooopenedin1828,andithasanimalsandbirdsfromallovertheworld.Thereisalsoatheatreinthepark.Onasummer’sevening,youcansitoutandwatchaplaybyShakespeare.Oryoucanseetheparkfromthewater—takeaboatalongthecanal（运河）fromCamdenLocktoLittleVenice.Inthesummer,youcanlistentomusicinthepark.StJames’sParkisnexttotheMall.Itisasmallpark,butverybeautiful,anditistheoldestoftheroyal（皇家）parks.Lotsofbirdsliveonandaroundthelakeinthecentreofthepark.16.Wherecanyoulistentoaninterestingspeech?A.InHydePark.B.InRegent’sPark.C.InStJames’sPark.D.InKensingtonGardens.17.WhatcanyoudoinRegent’sPark?A.SeeastatueofPeterPan.B.Enjoyplaysormusic.C.Goboatingonthelake.D.Watchbirdsontheplayground.18.WhatdoweknowaboutStJames’sPark?A.It’saveryoldroyalpark.B.It’sfarawayfromtheMall.C.Itwasbuiltinthe17thcentury.D.IthasalakecalledtheSerpentine.【答案】16.A17.B18.A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍伦敦众多美丽的公园。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据“HydeParkfirstopenedtothepeopleofLondonintheseventeenthcentury...ThereareusuallyalotofpeopleatSpeakers’Corner.”可知在海德公园可以听一场有趣的演说，故选A。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据“Thereisalsoatheatreinthepark.Onasummer’sevening,youcansitoutandwatchaplaybyShakespeare...Inthesummer,youcanlistentomusicinthepark.”可知在摄政公园你可以欣赏戏剧或音乐。故选B。【18题详解】细节理解题。根据“StJames’sParkisnexttotheMall.Itisasmallpark,butverybeautiful,anditistheoldestoftheroyal（皇家）parks.”可知圣詹姆斯公园是一个非常古老的皇家公园。故选A。Ahungryflyspeedsthroughaforest.Itsmellsnectar（花蜜）andlandsonagreenleaf.Itstartstodrinkthesweetliquid（液体）.Suddenly,thefly’sworldturnsgreen.Thetwosidesoftheleafcloseagainsteachother.Longgreenteethlocktogetheraroundit.TheflyhasbeencaughtbyVenusflytrap.Thereisnowaytorunawayalive.TheVenusflytrapisperhapsthemostfamouskillerplant.However,scientistshaveonlyrecentlystartedtounderstandhowithunts（猎取）andeats.Afteryearsofstudy,plantscientistAlexanderVolkovbelieveshenowknowstheVenusflytrap’ssecret.“This,”saysVolkov,“isanelectricalplant.”TherearethreesmallhairsalongeachoftheVenusflytrap’stwoleaves.Whenaninsecttouchesahair,itcreatesanelectricalsignal（信号）intheleaf.Theinsectcancontinuefeeding—fornow.Butifittouchesanotherhairwithin20seconds,theleaftrapssuddenlyshut.Thisallowstheplanttotellthedifferencebetweenadropofwater,forexample,andamovinginsect.Oncetrapped,aninsecthaslittlechanceofstayingalive.Insteadofnectar,theVenusflytrapnowreleases（释放）adifferentliquid—onethatslowlyeatsawayattheinsect.Tendayslater,almostnothingisleft.Theplant’sleavesopenagain,andtheVenusflytrapisreadyforitsnextmeal.19.Whatdoes“thefly’sworldturnsgreen”reallymean?A.Theflylandsonagreenleaf.B.Theflyspeedsintotheforest.C.Theflydrinksthegreennectar.D.Theflyistrappedbytheleaf.20.Whatmakestheleafclose?A.Thedropofwater.B.Thesmelloftheinsect.C.Thetouchesonthehairs.D.Thehungeroftheplant.21.WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheVenusflytrap?A.Ituseselectricalsignals.B.Itstrapclosesveryslowly.C.Itmakesthreekindsofliquid.D.Iteatswithitslongteeth.22.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Wonderfulelectricity.B.Powerfulhairs.C.Afamouskillerplant.D.Thedeathofaninsect.【答案】19.D20.C21.A22.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了捕蝇草这种著名的杀手植物。【19题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Itsmellsnectar（花蜜）andlandsonagreenleaf.Itstartstodrinkthesweetliquid（液体）.Suddenly,thefly’sworldturnsgreen.Thetwosidesoftheleafcloseagainsteachother.”可知叶子的两面紧贴在一起，苍蝇被这个植物给捕获了，故选D。【20题详解】细节理解题。根据“TherearethreesmallhairsalongeachoftheVenusflytrap’stwoleaves.Whenaninsecttouchesahair,itcreatesanelectricalsignal（信号）intheleaf.Theinsectcancontinuefeeding-fornow.Butifittouchesanotherhairwithin20seconds,theleaftrapssuddenlyshut.”（捕蝇草的两片叶子上各有三根细毛。当昆虫接触到一根毛发时，它会在叶子中产生一个电信号。昆虫可以继续进食——暂时如此。但如果它在20秒内碰到另一根毛发，叶子陷阱就会突然关闭。）可知是毛发上的触动让叶片关闭的，故选C。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“Itstartstodrinkthesweetliquid（液体）.Suddenly,thefly’sworldturnsgreen.Thetwosidesoftheleafcloseagainsteachother.”可知捕蝇草的陷阱关闭得很快；根据文章介绍可知捕蝇草先制造花蜜，然后制造吞噬昆虫的液体，一共两种液体；根据文章和常识可知，捕蝇草是用分泌的液体来消化昆虫，不是长牙齿。根据“Whenaninsecttouchesahair,itcreatesanelectricalsignal（信号）intheleaf”可知捕蝇草会使用电子信号。故选A。【22题详解】最佳标题题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍了捕蝇草这种著名的杀手植物。故选C。Oncetherewasamanagerwhohadateamofaround40hardworkingmembers.Everythingseemedperfectexceptforonething:thegrouphasahardtimecommunicatingandsharinginformationwitheachother.Thenoneday,themanagerhadanidea.Hedecidedtotakehisgrouponateamoutingandpersonallypreparedgamesof3rounds.Duringthefirstround,themanagertoldeveryonetoblowaballoonandwritetheirnameswithoutpopping（弄破）it.Andsoontheteammembersdiditsuccessfully.Afterthat,theleadertoldthemtowaitoutsideforthenextround.Whentheywereaskedtoentertheroomagain,thememberssawmanymoreballoonswithoutnamesallaroundtheroom.Themanagertoldhisteamtosearchfortheballoonthatbelongstothem.Thefirstthreepersonstobringhimtheballoonwillwin,whilethosewhopoptheballoonwillbeoutofthegame.15minuteshadalreadypassedandnotasingleonewasabletoidentify（确认）hisballoon,andthat’swhythemanagerdecidedtogoontothethirdroundinstead.Forthethirdround,themanagertoldhisyounggrouptopickanyballoonsfromtheroomandgiveittothepersonwhosenamewasonit.Withinacoupleofminutes,everyonehadhisballoonwithhisownname.Themanagerwentontotellhismembershowtheywerenotabletosearchfortheirballoonsinthesecondroundbecauseeveryonewasfixingtoomuchattentiononhisowntarget.However,injustashorttime,theywereabletodothethirdroundbecauseofthepowerofteamworkandsharingwitheachother.23.Whatweretheteamaskedtodointhefirstround?A.Tosharetheirinformation.B.Toidentitytheirownballoons.C.Togivetheballoons10themanager.D.Toblowtheballoonsandwritetheirnames.24.Whydidtheteamfailinthesecondround?A.Someofthempoppedtheballoons.B.Eachfocusedonhisownballoon.C.Onlythreeofthemfoundtheballoons.D.Noneoftheballoonshadnamesonthem.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“target”mean?A.interest B.goal C.direction D.choice26.What’sthemanager’spurposeinpreparingthegames?A.Tofindoutthemosttalentedmembers.B.Tofreetheteamfromthestressintheirwork.C.Toremindtheteamoftheimportanceofteamwork.D.Toencouragetheteammemberstoworkharder.【答案】23.D24.B25.B26.C【解析】【导语】本文主要通过一个故事说明了团队合作的重要性。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“Duringthefirstround,themanagertoldeveryonetoblowaballoonandwritetheirnameswithoutpopping（弄破）it.”可知在第一轮比赛中，球队被要求吹气球，写他们的名字。故选D。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据“Themanagerwentontotellhismembershowtheywerenotabletosearchfortheirballoonsinthesecondroundbecauseeveryonewasfixingtoomuchattentiononhisowntarget”可知这个队在第二轮比赛中失败了是因为每个人都专注于自己的气球。故选B。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二轮比赛的内容“Themanagertoldhisteamtosearchfortheballoonthatbelongstothem.”可知每个人都在找有自己名词的气球，结合“becauseeveryonewasfixingtoomuchattentiononhisowntarget.”可知，此处是指每个人都把太多注意力放在了自己的目标上，goal和target同义，故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据“Everythingseemedperfectexceptforonething:thegrouphasahardtimecommunicatingandsharinginformationwitheachother.”（一切似乎都很完美，除了一件事：这群人很难相互沟通和分享信息。）和“However,injustashorttime,theywereabletodothethirdroundbecauseofthepowerofteamworkandsharingwitheachother.”（然而，在很短的时间内，由于团队合作和相互分享的力量，他们能够做第三轮。）可知经理准备比赛是为了提醒团队合作的重要性。故选C。ChatGPT,anewchatbotmodel!DevelopedbyOpenAI,hasquicklybecomeahitallovertheworldbecauseofitspowerfulconversationalabilities.Itcanwriteemails,computercodes（代码）,songs,poems,andevenshortstories,andhaspassedanumberoftestswithinseconds.ExpertsaroundtheworldarediscussingwhetherAIshouldbeusedineducation.Someschoolshavebanned（禁止）it.TheNewYorkCity’sDepartmentofEducation,forexample,bannedChatGPTfromitspublicschoolnetworks,andsomepeoplearewarningthatitcouldencouragemorestudentstocheat,especiallyinexams.Manymorewelcomethisapp,sayingthat,likemosttechnologiesinhistory,ChatGPTisapowerfultoolforthedevelopmentofeducation.AcceptingAIasearlyaspossibleisagoodchoice.SchoolsshouldmakepreparationsforincludingAIintheirteachingplans.TheycanstartbyofferingAIcourses,becausebyunderstandinghowitworks,theycanmakebetteruseofit.Besides,studentswithgoodknowledgeofAIaremorecompetitivewhenitcomestogettingajob,asanincreasingnumberofjobsarebeingdonebycomputerprograms.AIpowerededucationtechnologiescanbeusedtomakethelearningexperiencemoresuitableforeachstudent.Asforteachers,AIcanfreethemfromdoingsomeboringworksotheycanfocusontheirteaching.SincewecannotavoidChatGPTandotherAIpoweredappsfromenteringthefieldofeducation,weshouldmakeeffortstomakesuretheyhaveapositiveimpact（积极影响）onsocietyandthefutureofeducation.AIhelpstomakelearningmuchmoreinterestingandenjoyable,buthumansneedtoworkveryhardtowintheracewithtechnology.27.WhyisChatGPTbannedinsomeschools?A.Itcanofferhelpquickly.B.Studentsmaychatonit.C.Itcanpassatestinseconds.D.Studentsmaycheatinexams.28.InwhatwaycanAIhelpstudents?A.Itoffersstudentsanumberofjobs.B.Itsuitsstudents’personallearning.C.Itfreesstudentsfromboringwork.D.Itallowsstudentstofocusonlearning.29.Whatisthewriter’sattitude（态度）towardsChatGPT?A.Supportive. B.Doubtful. C.Uncertain. D.Fearful.30.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.AIappsstillhavealongwaytogo.B.Humanswillbeleftbehindbytechnology.C.ThefutureofeducationdependsonAIapps.D.AImustbemadegooduseofineducation.【答案】27.D28.B29.A30.D【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了ChatGPT这种新型聊天机器人。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据“Someschoolshavebanned（禁止）itTheNewYorkCity’sDepartmentofEducation,forexample,bannedChatGPTfromitspublicschoolnetworks,andsomepeoplearewarningthatitcouldencouragemorestudentstocheat,especiallyinexams.”可知是因为学生可能在考试中作弊。故选D。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据“AIpowerededucationtechnologiescanbeusedtomakethelearningexperiencemoresuitableforeachstudent.”可知人工智能可以帮助适合学生的个人学习。故选B。【29题详解】观点态度题。根据“SincewecannotavoidChatGPTandotherAIpoweredappsfromenteringthefieldofeducation,weshouldmakeeffortstomakesuretheyhaveapositiveimpact（积极影响）onsocietyandthefutureofeducation.AIhelpstomakelearningmuchmoreinterestingandenjoyable,buthumansneedtoworkveryhardtowintheracewithtechnology.”（既然我们无法避免ChatGPT和其他人工智能应用进入教育领域，我们应该努力确保它们对社会和教育的未来产生积极的影响。人工智能有助于使学习变得更加有趣和愉快，但人类需要非常努力地工作才能赢得与技术的竞争。）可知作者持支持态度，故选A。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据“SincewecannotavoidChatGPTandotherAIpoweredappsfromenteringthefieldofeducation,weshouldmakeeffortstomakesuretheyhaveapositiveimpact（积极影响）onsocietyandthefutureofeducation.”（既然我们无法避免ChatGPT和其他人工智能应用进入教育领域，我们应该努力确保它们对社会和教育的未来产生积极的影响。）可知人工智能必须在教育中得到很好的利用。故选D。第I卷三、词汇运用。根据首字母或汉语提示,在答题卡上写出下列句子中单词的完全形式。31.Ourcityreceivedalotofv_________duringMayDayholiday.【答案】(v)isitors【解析】【详解】句意：五一期间，我们城市接待了很多游客。根据“duringMayDayholiday”和首字母v可知此处应用名词visitor表示“游客”，alotof修饰复数名词，visitor的复数形式为visitors。故填(v)isitors。32.Kate’sroomisingoodo_______andeverythingisinitsproperplace.【答案】(o)rder【解析】【详解】句意：凯特的房间秩序井然，所有东西都在合适的位置上。根据“everythingisinitsproperplace”可知，所有东西都在合适的位置上，根据首字母o可知此处应用介词短语ingoodorder表示“秩序井然，井然有序”。故填(o)rder。33.Anotherbridgeisgoingtobebuilta________theriverthisyear.【答案】(a)cross【解析】【详解】句意：今年将在这条河上再建一座桥。根据题干和常识可知，桥是建立在河上，而且横穿过河，across“穿过”符合语境，故填(a)cross。34.Breakfastiss________between7and9a.m.inthehotel.【答案】(s)erved【解析】【详解】句意：酒店的早餐供应时间是早上7点到9点。根据“Breakfastiss...between7and9a.m.inthehotel.”可知，此处是指酒店提供早餐，serve“服务，(给某人)提供”，是动词，和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，动词用过去分词，故填(s)erved。35.Jack’sbikewentwrongandhewillr________itthisafternoon.【答案】(r)epair【解析】【详解】句意：杰克的自行车坏了，他今天下午要把它修好。根据“Jack’sbikewentwrong”和首字母可知，是指修理自行车，repair“修理”，是动词，will后用动词原形，故填(r)epair。36.Myfamilywenttoa________（音乐会）andhadagoodtime.【答案】concert【解析】【详解】句意：我的家人去听了一场音乐会，玩得很开心。“音乐会”是名词concert，不定冠词a后接单数名词。故填concert。37.Youhadbetter________（解释）ittoourteacher,nottome.【答案】explain【解析】【详解】句意：你最好跟我们老师解释一下，而不是我。hadbetterdosth表示“最好做某事”，explain表示“解释”。故填explain。38.Tomwas________（缺席）fromclassesyesterdaybecausehecaughtacold.【答案】absent【解析】【详解】句意：汤姆昨天没来上课，因为他感冒了。absent“缺席的”，形容词作表语，故填absent。39.Localplantsandanimalsarewellprotectedin_________（国家）parks.【答案】national【解析】【详解】句意：当地的动植物在国家公园受到很好的保护。national“国家的”，形容词作定语修饰parks，故填national。40.Shenzhou-16spaceshipwassentintospace_______（精确）at9:31a.m.onMay30th.【答案】exactly【解析】【详解】句意：神舟十六号宇宙飞船于5月30日上午9时31分准时地发射升空“精确”应用副词exactly来表示。故填exactly。四、语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（每空不多于三个单词）。WhenIwas20yearsold,Ihadabigdreaminmymind.Iwanted____41____（travel）aroundAfricawithmybackpack.SoIleftmyhometownwithconfidence（信心）andarrived____42____CapeTown,notreallysurewhattodonext.____43____（lucky）,beforemytripstarted,Imetakind,oldNigerianman.Hegavemethe____44____（good）traveladviceIhadeverreceived:“Belikeastudentonyourwayaroundtheworld.”Theadvicesoundedsimple,but____45____reallychangedmyideaabouttraveling.Hehelpedmerealizethattravelisabout____46____（learn）cultures.It’sfartooeasytogointo____47____newcountryandbelieveyourwaysarebetter.“Butifyoustudy,askquestions,____48____trytolearnfromthelocals,youwillhavefarricherexperience,”hepromised.Afterseven____49____（month）offullbackpackinginAfricafromCapeTowntoCairo,Irealizedhavingastudent-likemindhelpedmelearnalot,which____50____（satisfy）memorethananyothertripthateverdidtome.【答案】41.totravel42.in43.Luckily44.best45.it46.learning47.a48.and49.months50.satisfied【解析】【导语】本文介绍了作者以一个学生的心态环游非洲的经历。【41题详解】句意：我想背着背包环游非洲。wanttodosth“想要做某事”，固定短语，故填totravel。【42题详解】句意：于是我满怀信心地离开了家乡，来到了开普敦，不知道下一步该做什么。arrivein“到达”，是固定短语，后加大地点，故填in。【43题详解】句意：幸运的是，在我的旅行开始之前，我遇到了一位善良的尼日利亚老人。lucky是形容词，此处是修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。故填Luckily。【44题详解】句意：他给了我最好的旅行建议：“像一个学生一样环游世界。”good“好的”，根据“Ihadeverreceived”可知此处应用形容词最高级，故填best。【45题详解】句意：这个建议听起来很简单，但它确实改变了我对旅行的看法。此空代指advice，是不可数名词，应用it，故填it。【46题详解】句意：他帮助我认识到旅行是学习文化的。about是介词，后加动名词作宾语，故填learning。【47题详解】句意：进入一个新的国家，很容易就会相信自己的方式更好。此处泛指一个新国家，应用不定冠词，new以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。【48题详解】句意：“但如果你学习，多问问题，并试着向当地人学习，你会有更丰富经验，”他保证说。前后是并列关系，应用and连接，故填and。【49题详解】句意：在非洲从开普敦到开罗的七个月的背包旅行中，我意识到有一颗学生的心帮助我学到了很多东西，这比我以往任何一次旅行都更让我满意。month是可数名词，位于seven后，应用复数名词，故填months。【50题详解】句意：在非洲从开普敦到开罗的七个月的背包旅行中，我意识到有一颗学生的心帮助我学到了很多东西，这比我以往任何一次旅行都更让我满意。satisfy“使满意”，动词，根据前后句可知，本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填satisfied。五、阅读表达。阅读下面短文,回答短文后面的各个小题。Inmanycountriesoftheworldpeoplearesaying,“Wemustdosomethingaboutourrubbish.Wedon’twantourworldtobecomeonebiglandfillsite（垃圾填埋场）.”InIrelandthegovernmentwereveryworriedaboutplasticbagssotheydecidedtomakepeoplepayforthem.Since2002Irishpeoplehavebeenpayingforthebagstheytakehomefromtheshops.Ofcourse,theysoonstoppedbuyingnewbagsandstartedtakingbagswiththemwhenshopping.Somecountrieshavemadeevenbiggerchanges.In2006,thepeopleofZanzibardecidedtostopmakingplasticbags.Theywereworriedthebagswerekillingfishandseaanimals.Theyalsosaidnobodycouldbringplasticbagsintothecountry.Soontherewerenoplasticbagsinthecountry.OneofthemostexcitingrecyclingideasisFreecycle.Ithasgrownaroundtheworld.PeoplejoinaFreecyclegroupbecausetheyarelookingforthingsorhavethingsthattheywanttogivetootherpeople.Perhapstheyhaveachairtheydonotneedanymore,ortheywantacamera.TheyleaveamessageontheInternettotellpeoplewhattheywantorwhattheyaregoingtogive.Nobodybuysorsellsanything—peoplegivethingstootherpeoplewhowantthem.Itisagoodideabecauseitrecyclesusefulthings.Recyclingisimportantandsometimesitisexcitingtoo,butitisonlyonepartoftheanswer.Usinglessandreusingarealsoimportantanswerstotheproblemofrubbish.51.WhatdidtheIrelandgovernmentaskpeopletodo?____________________52.WhyaretherenoplasticbagsinZanzibar?____________________53.WhyisFreecycleagoodidea?____________________54.Pleasegiveatitletothepassage.____________________55What’syouranswertotheproblemofrubbish?____________________【答案】51.Theyaskedthemtopayforplasticbags.52.Becausetheycan’tbuyanyplasticbags.53.Becauseitrecyclesusefulthings.54.Recycling./Freecycle…55.Rubbishisharmfultothe