2021年成考专升本英语试题及答案解析

成人高等学校招生全国统一考试专升本英语第一卷（选取题，共125分）I.Phonetics(5points)Directions：Ineachofthefollowinggroupsofwords，therearefourunderlinedlettersorlettercombinationsmarkedA，B，CandD.Comparetheunderlinedpartsandidentifytheonethatisdifferentfromtheothersinpronunciation.MarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.1.A.grand B.gravity C.gratitude D.grateful2.A.theater B.threat C.thread D.treasure3.A.laugh B.weigh C.tough D.rough4.A.guilt B.build C.guide D.guitar5.A.lamb B.bombing C.comb D.ambitionII.VocabularyandStructure(15points)Directions：Thereare15incompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.ChooseoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.6．—Haveyoueverplayedbridge?—Yes.We_____onweekendswhenIwasincollege.A.wouldhaveplayed B.shouldhaveplayedC.usedtoplay D.hadplayed7.Wouldyoupleaseletmefinishmywords?Don't_____inthemiddleofasentence.A.putmeoff B.cutmeoffC.keepmeoff D.getmeoff8.Anewspaperheadlineconcerningnewenergydevelopment___hisattentionandhewasmuchinterestedinmakinginvestmentinit.A.gave B.caught C.turned D.paid9.Theirexperiment________，TomandMarysetouttowritethereportontheresults.A.done B.tobedoneC.beingdone D.willbedone10.Aftertheparty，wehadtotidyupthekitchen，whichwasa(n)_____mess.A.exact B.entire C.definite D.complete11.Inthefirstsemester，Iaskedmyteacher______.A.whatcoursesshouldItake B.whatcoursesIshouldtakeC.Ishouldtakewhatcourses D.shouldItakewhatcourses12.Thereare______fewercustomtailorsanddressmakersintheU.S.thaninEuropeancountries.A.so B.very C.far D.too13.Youmustn'tgounlesseitheryourfatherorI_______withyou.A.come B.comes C.came D.hascome14.Inourview，theroot______ofthecrimeproblemispovertyandunemployment.A.solution B.reason C.cause D.fact15.—Ididn’tgotoclasslastnightbecausemycarbrokedown.—You_______mine.Iwasn'tusingit.A.couldborrow B.mayborrowC.couldhaveborrowed D.mayhaveborrowed16.Nelsonisacreativeliarwhoisalwaysmaking______unusualexcusesfornotdoinghiswork.A.across B.away C.off D.up17.Theydemandedthatthegovernment_______allpoliticalprisonersinthenexttwodays.A.free B.freed C.willfree D.wouldfree18.Sinceyoufeelsostronglyaboutthismatter，youshouldmakeyourviews___toothercommitteemembers.A.know B.knowing C.beingknown D.known19._____Icouldsayanythingmore，Holmeshadrushedofftowardsthedoor.A.Before B.After C.When D.As20.Therearen'tmanywildpandas______intheworldtoday.A.live B.living C.tolive D.livedIII.Cloze(30points)Directions：Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage，therearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.ChoosetheonethatismostsuitableandmarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Scientistshavebeenstrugglingtofindoutthereasonbehindblushing(脸红).Whywouldhumansevolve(进化)a21thatputsusatasocialdisadvantageby22ustorevealthatwehavecheatedorlied?CharlesDarwinpointedoutthat23allpeopleofallracesblush，animalsdonot.Whenitcametoexplainingthereason，hewas24aloss.Thathasnotstoppedothersfromtrying.One25isthatblushingstartedoutasawaytoshowweobeyauthoritativemembersofthegroup.Later，asoursocialinteractionsbecame26complex，itbecameinvolvedwithhigher，self-conscious27suchasguilt，shameandembarrassment.Thiswouldseemtoputindividualsatadisadvantage，butblushingmightactuallymakeapersonmore28orsociallydesirable.29thatwomenblushmorethanmen，oneuniversityresearchersuggeststhatblushingmighthaveevolvedasawayforwomento30theirhonestytomensoastowintheirsupportinraisingchildren.Somezoologistsalsothinkblushingcouldhaveemergedasawaytofostertrust."Ifyouweretogohunting31astone-facedpartner，youcouldnever32whathewants.“hesays.Onceblushingbecame33withembarrassment，anyonewhodidnotblushmighthavebeenatadisadvantagebecauseweare34likelytotrustsomeonewhoappearsnevertofeel35aboutanything.21.A.response B.reply C.reflection D.recall22.A.forbidding B.forcing C.encouraging D.preventing23.A.when B.while C.since D.because24.A.on B.in C.atD.of25.A.suggestion B.advice C.solution D.question26.A.apparently B.completely C.awkwardly D.increasingly27.A.moods B.senses C.emotions D.tempers28.A.privileged B.embarrassed C.energetic D.attractive29.A.Noting B.Providing C.Assuming D.Hoping30.A.assure B.approve C.confirm D.demonstrate31.A.for B.with C.by D.as32.A.say B.speak C.tell D.talk33.A.united B.related C.contacted D.associated34.A.more B.that C.less D.so35.A.ashamed B.disappointed C.satisfied D.pleasedIV.ReadingComprehension(60points)Directions：Therearefivereadingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfourquestions.ForeachquestiontherearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA，B，CandD.ChooseonebestanswerandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.PassageOneJunecameandthehay(干草)wasalmostreadyforcutting.OnMidsummer'sEve，whichwasaSaturday，Mr.JoneswentintoWillingtonandgotsodrunkattheRedLionthathedidnotcomebackuntilmiddayonSunday.Hismenhadmilkedthecowsintheearlymorningandthenhadgoneoutchattingwithoutbotheringtofeedtheanimals.WhenMr.Jonesgotback，heimmediatelywenttosleepontheliving-roomsofawiththe"NewsoftheWorld"overhisface.Wheneveningcame，theanimalswerestillnotfed.Atlast，theycouldstandnolonger.Oneofthecowsbrokeintothedoorofthestorehousewithherhornsandalltheanimalsbegantohelpthemselvestothegrains.ItwasjustthenthatMr.Joneswokeup.Thenextmomentheandhisfourmenwereinthestorehousewithwhipsintheirhands，whippinginalldirections.Thiswasmorethanthehungryanimalswouldbear.Together，thoughnothingofthekindhadbeenplannedbeforehand，theyjumpedupontheirmasters.Mr.Jonesandhismensuddenlyfoundthemselvesbeingstruckwiththehornsandkickedfromallsides.Thesituationwasquiteoutoftheircontrol.Theyhadneverseentheseanimalsactlikethisbefore.Thissuddenrebellionofthecreatures，whichtheywereusedtobeatingandwhippingjustastheychose，frightenedthem.Afteronlyamomentortwo，theygaveuptryingtodefendthemselves.Aminutelaterallfiveofthemwereinfullfrightdowntheroadwiththeanimalsrunningafterthemjoyfully.36.Thefourmendidnotfeedthecowsbecause_______.A.theyhadnotcutthehayyet B.Mr.Joneswasn'tathomeC.theydidnothavetimetofeedthem D.thecowshadfedthemselves37.Thecowsbrokeintothestorehousebecause______.A.theydidnotliketheirmasters B.Mr.JonesforgottolockthedoorC.theywerekeptinthecow-housetoolong D.theyweretoohungrytowaitforthefeed38.Whatdidthefivemenfinallydowiththecows?A.Theychasedanddrovethecowsaway. B.Theycontinuedbeatingthecows.C.Theygaveupdefenseandranaway. D.Theygave·inandfedthecows.39.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat______.A.thecowsoftenranouttolookforfoodB.thecowsoftenhadfightswiththeirmastersC.Mr.JonesandhismenoftenbeatthecowsD.Mr.JonesandhismenoftenforgottofeedthecowsPassageTwoItwassunriseonanAugustmorningwhenthecaptainandhiscrewcasttheirnetssome50milessouthofLouisianaintheGulfofMexico.Asthenetwaspulledover，thecontentspouredoutfollowedbyexcitedcriesof"Coins！Coins!"In1784，attheendoftheAmericanRevolutionaryWar，aheavilyarmedshipwasboundfortheportofNewOrleans.OnboardwasafortuneinSpanishSilverDollars.HundredsofthousandsofthemwereloadedforthetriptoNewOrleans，yetnotasingleonearrived.WithnosurvivorsfSpanishSilverDollarswerethefavoritecoinsofcolonialAmericans.Widelyusedandacceptedaspaymentinthethirteencolonies，theUnitedStatesgovernmentgavethemthestatusofofficiallegaltender.Unfortunately，eventhoughtheywerestruckinlargequantities，notmanyofthemsurvivetoday.AftertheCivilWar，thegovernmentwithdrewthemfromcirculationandtheyweremelteddown.Duetothehistoricdiscoveryofthistreasure，GovMint.comisreleasingthesecoinstothepublicforanamazinglylowprice.Foralimitedtime，thoseauthenticsilverdollarsarepricedat$49plusshippingandhandling—adramaticreductionfromthemarketpriceofthiscoinanywhereelseworldwide.40.WhatsurprisedthefishermenonanAugustmorning?A.Theirnetcontainedabigstrange-lookingfish.B.Theyfoundthetreasuresunken210yearsago.C.Theyfoundsomepiecesofasunkenshipinthenet.D.Theirnetsuddenlygotcaughtbysomethingdeepinthewater.41.WhathappenedtotheshipheadingforNewOrleansin1784?A.Loadedwithtoomuchcargo，ithitontherocks.B.Robbedbypirates，itlost$100,000,000'sworthofgoods.C.Itdisappearedbutnobodyknewexactlywhathadhappened.D.Itwascaughtinaterriblestormandwentdownintotheocean.42.Whatdoweknowabout"SpanishSilverDollars"?A.Todayonecoinequalsto49dollarsintheworldmarket.B.TheywerewidelyusedinAmericaaftertheCivilWar.C.Issuedinsmallamounts，notmanyofthemsurvive.D.Theywereofficiallyacceptedinthe13colonies.43.Inwhichsectionofamagazinewouldyouprobablyfindthisarticle?A.Sports.B.Housing.C.History.D.Fashion.PassageThreeTheenvironmentaffectsthewaypeopleinteract.Toexaminethisconclusion，tworesearchers"decorated"threerooms：Oneroomwasrefurnishedtolookugly.Thesecondroomwasintendedtolookaverage.Thethirdroomwasdesignedtobebeautiful.Individualswerethenaskedtositinoneofthethreeroomsandrateseveralpicturesofpeople'sfaces.Theresultsindicatedthattheenvironmenthasasignificanteffectonthewaypeopleratedthefaces.Subjectsinthebeautifulroomgavethepictureshigherratesthandidsubjectsintheuglyroom.Inaddition，subjectsintheuglyroomfoundthetaskmoreunpleasantandboringthandidsubjectsinthebeautifulroom.Subjectsassignedtotheuglyroomattemptedtoleavesoonerthandidsubjectsassignedtothebeautifulroom.Colorisoneenvironmentalfactorthatcanaffectyourmoodandevenyourabilitytoconcentrate.Oneresearcherconcludedthatthemostpleasantcolors，listedinorderofpreference，wereblue，green，purple，redandyellow.Thecolorslistedfrommosttoleastarousingwerered，orange，yellow，violet，blue，andgreen.Lightingalsoaffectsbehavior.Elegantrestaurantswithdimlightingcreateamoodofintimacy（密切）thatencouragesconversation.Thebrightlightsofanofficeorclassroom，ontheotherhand，arouseandstimulatethinking.Roomdecoration，color，lighting，andevenmusicandtemperatureallinfluencecommunicationwithothers；butthereisnoall-purposeenvironment.Theidealenvironmentdependsonthetaskthatwillbeperformedaswellasontheneedsandexpectationsofthosepresent.ThesameenvironmentalfactorsthatencouragelivelyconversationanddancingataNewYear'sEvepartycannotbeexpectedtocreateasereneclimateinwhichtostudyforfinalexams.44.Paragraph1showsthatsubjectsintheuglyroomtendtobe______.A.lesspatient B.lessconsiderateC.moreenthusiastic D.moreconfident45.Whichcoloristhemosthelpfulforkeepingagoodmood?A.Green. B.Blue.C.Orange. D.Red.46.Whateffectcandimlightsofaneatingenvironmentbringabout?A.Arousingactivethinking. B.Improvingworkefficiency.C.CreatingatenseatmosphereD.Stimulatingtalksamongpeople.47.Theunderlinedword"serene"inthelastsentenceisclosestinmeaningto______.A.seriousandgrave B.calmandpeacefulC.pleasantandfriendly D.coldandindifferentPassageFourThereisnothingmorepossiblethananewhiporkneethatcanputthespringbackinyourstep.Patientsreceivingjointimplants(移植)oftenareabletoresumemanyofthephysicalactivitiestheylove，eventhoseasvigorousastennisandhiking.Nowonder，then，thatjointreplacementisgrowinginpopularity.IntheUnitedStatesin，surgeonsperformedabout806，000hipandkneeimplants(thejointsmostcommonlyreplaced)，doublethenumberperformedadecadeearlier.Thoughtheseprocedureshavebecomeroutine，theyarenotfailurefree.Implantsmustsometimesbereplaced，saidDr.HenrikMalchau，anorthopaedicsurgeon(矫形外科医生)atMassachusettsGeneralHospitalinBoston.Astudypublishedinfoundthat7percentofhipsimplantedinMedicarepatientshadtobereplacedwithinsevenandahalfyears.Thepercentagemaysoundlow，butthefindingsuggeststhatthousandsofhippatientseventuallyrequireasecondoperation，saidDr.Malchau.Thosepatientsmustendureadditionalrecoveries，oftenpainful，andincreasedmedicalexpenses.Thefailurerateshouldbelower，manyexperts-agree.Sweden，forinstance，hasafailurerateestimatedtobeathirdofthatintheUnitedStates.Swedenalsohasanationaljointreplacementregistry，adatabaseofinformationfromwhichsurgeonscanlearnhowandwhycertainproceduresgowrong.Aregistryalsohelpssurgeonslearnquicklywhetheraspecifictypeofimplantisparticularlyproblematic."EverycountrythathasdevelopedaregistryhasbeenabletoreducefailureratesSignificantly,"saidDr.DanielBerry，chiefoforthopaedicsurgeryattheMayoClinicinRochesterAnewlyformedAmericanJointReplacementRegistrywillbegingatheringdatafromhospitalsinthenext12to18months.It'sgoodnewsforthosewhoareconsideringreplacingakneeorhip.48.WhatistheproblemwithhiporkneereplacementsintheU.S.?A.Alotofpatientsneedasecondoperation.B.Doctorsarenotwelltrainedtoensuresuccessfuloperations.C.Demandsforhipreplacementexceedthenumberofsurgeons.D.ReplacementoperationisbecomingtooexpensiveinU.S.hospitals.49.WhydoesSwedenhavealowerrateofhipimplantfailure?A.Swedenhasmoreadvancedtechnology.B.Swedenhasapatientdatacollectingsystem.C.Swedenhasamuchlargernumberofpatients.D.Swedishdoctorsaremoreresponsibleandskilful.50.TheU.S.istryingtoreducejointreplacementfailurerateby_____..A.strictlycontrollingthenumberofreplacementoperationsB.askinghospitalstofollowupeachcasefor12-18monthsC.settingupanationaljoinsreplacementdatabaseD.sendingdoctorstobetrainedinSweden51.Peoplewhoneedanewkneeorhipwouldpossiblyfeel_____.aboutdatagatheringintheU.S.A.indifferentB.assuredC.puzzledD.hopefulPassageFiveTheSaturdayEveningPost"becamesymbolicofthereadingfareofmiddle-classAmerica".In1897Curtisbegantorevive(重振)thePostonthepropositionthataman'schiefinterestinlifeisthefightfor.livelihood-business.Fictionandarticlesaboutromanticbusinessandsuccessfulbusinessmenfilleditspages，andproductsbackedby.itsadvertisementsdirectedattheneedsanddesiresofthebusinessworld.Thegeneralinterestweeklyreachednewaudiences.ItsconservativeviewpointandstrongadmirationformaterialsuccessappealedtothetastesofthemillionswhosettledinaneasychairwithiteachThursdayevening.Asamorecommercial，mass-circulationmagazinethanTheNewYorker，thewidelyreadablePostsetouttointerpretAmericatoitself.Asanationalandinternationalinstitution，TheSaturdayEveningPostmadeitsmarkinthelivesofmassivenumbersofmenandwomen，andservedsocietyasastabilizinginfluence.Itseditorialmatteraddressedtheproblemsandinterestsofthereadersasneverbefore.Neitherhighbrownorlowbrow，thePostsetouttointerpretaveragemiddle-classAmerica，forthatwasitsaudience.However，thismagazinelosttouchwiththemoodoftheAmericanpeopleinthe1930s.ThePost'seditorLorimer，opposedRooseveltandtheNewDealandchangedhismagazinefromanorganofentertainmentandenlightenmentintoaweaponofpoliticalwarfare.HebelievedthatinopposingtheNewDealhehadspokenforthemajorityofvoters，butthe1936electionprovedhimwrong.Hisconservatismextendedbeyondpolitics，itdominatedthemagazine’scontentandstylecausingadeclineinreputationandauthority.ThePostmetitsgreatestsuccesswhenitwentbeyondthetastesofthemasses，challengingitsreaderstoacknowledgethegeniusofcontributorssuchasF.ScottFitzgeraldandWilliamFaulkner.Itwaslaterreformedinanefforttofulfillitsresponsibilitytoawakenlethargic（昏昏欲睡）America，however，TheSaturdayEveningPostseemedtoplaytoconventionswhileTheNewYorkertookofftoredefinethecharacterofAmericanHumor.52.AccordingtoParagraph1，whoareprimarilythereadersofthePost?A.Businessmen. B.Collegestudents.C.Housewives. D.Politicians.53.WhatistheearliesttimethatreaderscanreadthePosteveryweek？A.Monday. B.Thursday.C.Saturday. D.Sunday.54.WhydidthePostlosemuchofitsaudienceinthe1930's?A.Itchangeditsoriginalstyleandwasheavilyinvolvedinpolitics.B.Readerscouldn'taffordanewspaperbecauseoftheDepression.C.TheneweditorwasnotinterestedinRoosevelt'spolitics.D.Itfailedtoabsorbsufficientadvertisements.55.WhatmakesthePostsocommerciallysuccessful?A.PresentingAmericanstylehumor.B.Stickingtothetastesofthemiddleclass.C.Carryingarticlesandnovelsbylocalwriters.D.Stayinginclosecontactwiththebusinessworld.V.DailyConversation(15points)Directions：PickoutappropriateexpressionsfromtheeightchoicesbelowandcompletethefollowingdialoguesbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.A.WhendoyouneeditB.DoyouhaveanyavailableC.WhatdoyoumeanD.MayIcomeovertomorrowtotakealookE.CanIleaveamessageF.CanyougivemethedetailsaboutitG.that'sprobablyitH.that'sexactlywhatyouwantSarah：Hello.I'mcallingtorentanapartmentyouadvertised.Manager：Yes.Whatkindofapartmentareyouinterestedin?Sarah：I'minterestedinaone-bedroomapartment.56?Manager：Yes，Ihaveone.57？Sarah：Sometimearoundnextweek.58?Manager：Well，it'saone-bedroomapartment.Themonthlyrentis$650，witha$300securitydeposit.Youpayelectricityonly.Gasandwaterisincluded.Youcanuseashelteredparkingspaceatnoextracharge.And...59Sarah：Soundsgood.60?Manager：Sure.Seeyoutomorrowthen.第II卷(非选取题，共25分)VI.Writing(25points)Directions：Forthispart，youaresupposedtowritealetterinEnglishin100-120wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation.Remembertowriteitclearly.61.请以低碳生活(alowcarbonlife)为主题写一篇100-120词短文，内容涉及：·流行低碳生活背景(如:极端气候、各种灾害、环境污染等)；·实行低碳生活若干方式(如家庭生活、工作学习、外出旅行中节约行为等)；.低碳生活带来积极影响。

参照答案及解析I.Phonetics(5points，onepointeach)1.D 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.DII.VocabularyandStructure(15points，onepointeach)6.C7.B8.B9.A10.D11.B12.C13.A14.C15.C16.D17.A18.D19.A20.B6【解析】考查动词时态。句意:—你曾经打过桥牌吗?—打过。在大学里咱们经常在周末打桥牌。Usedtodosth。过去经常干某事，符合题意。7.【解析】考查词组词义辨析。put...off推迟，搪塞;cut...off中断，切断；keep...off使不发生；get...off使逃脱惩罚，使人睡。B符合题意。8.【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这则关于新能源开发报纸标题吸引了她注意力，她对投资于新能源开发感兴趣。give/payattentionto都表达"注意"；catchone'sattention表达"引起某人注意"，符合题意。9.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:实验完毕了，汤姆和玛丽开始着手写实验成果报告。此处experiment与do之间为被动关系，且表达完毕时态，故只有A符合题意。10.【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。exact精准；entire所有，整个；definite明确，的确;complete完整，所有。这里表达"处处杂乱不堪"，complete符合题意。11.【解析】考查句子语序。在宾语从句中，若从句中有疑问词，则疑问词位于句首，后跟陈述句语序，B符合题意。12.【解析】考查比较级修饰语。选项中只有far可以修饰比较级fewer，故C符合题意。13.【解析】考查主谓一致。在either...or.，连接两个主语构造中，谓语动词根据邻近原则进行选取。此处应依照主语“I”来选取谓语，且此处为普通当前时，只有A符合题意。14.【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：咱们以为,犯罪问题根源是贫困和失业问题。solution解决（办法）；fact事实；reason和cause都表达“因素”，但cause是指会产生成果某种因素，而reason是为一种行为所作解释或辩解借口。因此，cause符合题意。15.【解析】考查虚拟语调。句意：—由于我车坏了，我昨天晚上没去上课。一一你本可以借我车，我昨天晚上不用。此处表达与过去事实相反假设，故应用“would/could＋过去分词”形式。16.【解析】考查词组词义辨析。Makeoff匆忙逃走，溜掉；makeup捏造，编造。此处表达“编造理由”，D符合题意。17.【解析】考查虚拟语调在宾语从句中用法。在suggest，demand，insist等动词后宾语从句中，谓语动词应为"should十动词原形”，should可省略，A符合题意。18.【解析】考查非谓语动词。yourviews与know为被动关系，且makesth.done为一种固定用法，因此makeyourviewsknown（让你观点为人所知）符合题意。19.【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我还没来得及多说些什么，福尔摩斯已冲向了门口。Before在……之前；after在……之后；when当……时候；as当……时候，由于。A符合题意。20.【解析】考查非谓语动词。pandas与live为积极关系living符合题意。班．III.Close(30points，twopointseach)21.A 22.B 23.B 24.C 25.A 26.D 27.C 28.D 29.A 30.D31.B 32.C 33.D 34.C 35．A21.【解析】response反映，普通指对刺激一种本能反映；reflection反映，指从现象反映出本质。“脸红”应是一种response.22．【解析】forbid禁止;force强制，迫使；encourage勉励；prevent制止，阻挡。Forcesb．todosth.迫使某人做某事，符合题意。23.【解析】这里指“尽管所有人都会脸红，但动物不会”,while尽管，符合题意。24.【解析】ataLoss为固定搭配，意为“困惑，不知所措”，符合题意。25.【解析】suggestion建议，建议，启示；advice劝告，忠告，意见;solution解决（办法）;question间题。此处suggestion符合题意。26【解析】此处意为：随着咱们社会关系越来越复杂……。increasingly越来越多地，符合题意。27.【解析】moods心情，情绪；senses理智，理性；emotions感情；tempers脾气，性情。从背面所列举例子“guilt，shameandembarrassment”可知，这是一种emotions。28.【解析】这里指“脸红也许使人看起来更有吸引力”，attractive有吸引力，引人注目，符合题意。29.【解析】note注意；provide提供；assume很定，承担；hope但愿。依照句意，A符合题盒。30.【解析】assure保证，保证;approve赞同，支持;confirm证明;demonstrate表达，表白。依照句意，Ｄ符合题意。31.【