《E时代大学英语-读写教程3》Unit 5

UNIT5PursuitofBeautyE时代大学英语——读写教程3目录CONTENTSPartⅠ.

Lead-inPartⅡ.StudyFocusPartⅢ.AbilityEnhancementPartⅣ.TranslationSkillsLead-inPartⅠPartⅠPartⅠⅠWhatisthedifferencebetweenprettyandbeautiful?Watchthevideoandthenshareyouropinionsonwhatisbeautywithyourpartners.Thefollowingexamplesareforyourreference.Itwouldbeniceiftheywereallwrappedupinthesamething.ButIthinkBeautyisalloveryou.Beautyissomethingthatcomesfromtheinsideout.It’sacombinationofwhoIamandwhatIbringtothetable(我的贡献).Beautyissomethingthatcan’tbetakenawayfromyou.PartⅠⅡ

Whatmakesyoufeelbeautiful?Watchthevideoagainandwritedownthemomentswhenyoufeelthatyouarebeautiful,thensharethemwithyourpartners.Thefollowingexamplesareforyourreference.IfeelbeautifulwhenI’minmyfavoriteclothes.Afteragoodsleep,whenIawokefeelingrestedandrefreshed,IfeelI’mbeautiful.Helpingothersinneed,Ifeelbeautiful.PartⅡStudyFocus由内而外，追寻美玛格丽特·沃尔芬巴格美是什么意思？真正的美又是什么？我所处的社会文化中充斥着关于美的各种意象，我必须自己去辨别这一切意味着什么，以及我是如何适应这种混乱的。如果这是一个个人偏好的问题，我喜欢苗条纤细的，但别人却喜欢相反的。谁能确定哪种偏好是对的？在某个时代，稍微丰腴点的女性是美的。而在另一个时代，苗条的人才能上杂志封面。如果正如俗话所说：“情人眼里出西施”，（那么）为什么大家会背负巨大的压力去迎合所谓的正确观点呢？PartⅡFromRoottoFruit:ThePursuit1ofBeautyMargaretWolfinbarger1

Whatdoesitmeantobebeautiful?Whatistruebeauty?ThecultureIliveinpummels2mewithalloftheseimagesandIhavetosortoutformyselfwhatitallmeansandhowIfitintothecollage3.Ifit’samatterofpersonalpreference,Iprefertobethin.Butothersprefertheopposite.Whodecideswhoisright?Inoneera4,alittlebitoffatonawomanisbeautiful.Inanother,beingthinmakesthecoverofamagazine.Andifbeautyisintheeyeofthebeholder5,astheoldsayinggoes,whyistheresomuchpressuretoconform6tothe“proper”perspective?

TextAIntensiveReading1★pursuit/pəˈsjuːt/n.theactoflookingforortryingtofindsth.追求，寻找~ofsth.e.g.Shetravelledtheworldinpursuitofherdreams.她走遍天下，追寻她的梦想。

★pummel/'pʌml/v. 连续猛击；反复拳打；捶打★sortout识别优劣；分清好坏e.g.Wemustsortoutthegoodapplesfromthebadones.我们必须把好的苹果与坏的分开。★outofsorts身体不适；心情烦恼e.g.Shewastiredandoutofsortsbythetimeshearrivedhome.她回到家里，又累又烦。★collage

/'kɒlɑːʒ/n. 拼贴艺术；拼贴画★preferto较喜欢，宁愿e.g.Somegirlsprefertodotheirrevisionathome.有些女孩更愿意在家复习功课。★give(a)preferencetosb./sth.给……以优惠；优待e.g.Preferencewillbegiventograduatesofthisuniversity.这所大学的毕业生会获得优先考虑。★era

/'ɪərə/n. 时代；年代；纪元★beholder/bɪ'həʊldə(r)/n. 旁观者，观看者 ★conform/kənˈfɔːm/v.①tobehaveandthinkinthesamewayasmostotherpeopleinagrouporsociety顺从，顺应（大多数人或社会）；随潮流~tosth.②toobeyarule,law,etc.遵守，遵从，服从（规则、法律等）③toagreewithormatchsth.相一致；相符合；相吻合。该句的主句为“if…,why…”。“beautyisintheeyeofthebeholder”是一句谚语，意思是“情人眼里出西施”。“astheoldsayinggoes”意为“俗话说”。“toconformto…”为不定式作目的状语。Notes“beautyisintheeyeofthebeholder”是一句谚语，意思是“情人眼里出西施”。as作连词，意思是“正如”，“conformto”的意思是“遵循（规则）；与……相符合（或一致）”。PartⅡTextAIntensiveReading22

YesterdayIreadafascinating7articleonajazzsinger:SophieTucker.TheheadlineontheBBCwebsitecaughtmyeye,“EverybodyLovesaFatGirl”.Sophiewasfamousintheearly1900sforhercurves8asshewasforherbawdy9humorandoutlandish10behavior.Shecountedgangsters11andpresidentsasfriends.Shewastheepitome12offame—peoplelovedher!Butshewasawomanwhoabandoned13herhusbandandlittleboyinpursuitofthatsuccess.SoIaskedmyselfthequestion,wasSophieTuckerbeautiful?昨天我读了一篇关于爵士乐歌手苏菲·塔克的有趣文章。BBC网站上一篇名为《人人喜欢胖女孩》的文章吸引了我。20世纪初，苏菲因其“曲线”而著称，正如其低级幽默和古怪行为。无论是盗匪还是总统，她都视为朋友。她是名人的典范，大众都喜欢她。但她为了成功，抛弃了丈夫和年幼的儿子。所以我问了自己一个问题，苏菲·塔克真的美吗？★fascinating

/'fæsɪneɪtɪŋ/adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的

★curve

/kɜːv/n. 曲线；弧线；曲面★bawdy

/'bɔːdi/adj.低级下流的★outlandish/aʊt'lændɪʃ/adj.古怪的；极不寻常的；奇特的★gangster/'gæŋstə(r)/n.匪徒；歹徒；土匪★epitome/ɪ'pɪtəmi/n. 典型；典范★abandon/əˈbændən/vt.①toleavesb.,especiallysb.youareresponsiblefor,withnointentionofreturning（不顾责任、义务等）离弃，遗弃，抛弃②toleaveathingorplace,especiallybecauseitisimpossibleordangeroustostay（不得已而）舍弃，丢弃，离开③tofeelanemotionsostronglythatyoucanfeelnothingelse陷入，沉湎于（某种情感）~yourselftosth.★inpursuitof追求，寻求e.g.Weshallworkunremittinglyinpursuitoftruthandfightfortruth.我们要始终不渝地追求真理、为真理而奋斗。★inhotpursuit(ofsb.)（对某人）穷追不舍e.g.Shespedawayinhercarwithjournalistsinhotpursuit.她开车迅速离去，记者们则在后面穷追不舍。PartⅡTextAIntensiveReading33IalsoreadanarticleaboutGwenHartley,thebravemotheroftwolittlegirlsbornwithmicrocephaly14,aseriousbirthdefect15thatcausesbabiestohaveextremelysmallheadsandbrains.GwenwritesablogoveratTheHartleyHooligansthatdetails16herjourney.Onequoteinthearticlecapturedmyattention.“Theycalledita‘terrible’birthdefect,”Hartleysaid.“Idon’tlookatthemashavingterriblebirthdefects.Ilookatthemasgorgeous17.Tomethatisnotahorrible18,hideous19birthdefect.It’snolessbeautifultome.”GwenHartleyhadtoletgoofpeople’sperceptions20andliveherlifeofcaringfortwoseverely21disabledchildren.Thattakesperseverance22andgrace23inspades24.Idon’tknowifIcoulddoit.AgainIaskedmyselfthequestion,isGwenHartleybeautiful?我也读过一篇关于格温·哈特来的文章，她是一位勇敢的母亲，她的两个小女儿都患有小头畸形症，这是一种先天缺陷，患病儿童的头和大脑都非常小。格温在她的博客上详细记录了她的经历，文中的一句话引起了我的注意，“别人称之为‘严重的’先天缺陷，但我并不认为她们先天不足，反而觉得她们很漂亮。对我来说，这并不是可怕的、讨厌的疾病，我觉得她们真的再漂亮不过了。”格温·哈特来不顾别人的眼光，选择过好自己的生活并照顾两个严重残疾的孩子。要做到这些需要不屈不挠的精神和饱满的内在涵养，我想我是做不到的。（此时）我又问自己，格温·哈特美吗？

★microcephaly/ˌmaɪkrəʊ'sefəli/n.[医]小头畸形

★defect/ˈdiːfekt/n.afaultinsth.orinthewayithasbeenmadewhichmeansthatitisnotperfect缺点；缺陷；毛病。该句的主句为“IalsoreadanarticleaboutGwenHartley”。“thebravemotheroftwolittlegirls”为GwenHartley的同位语，“bornwithmicrocephaly”是过去分词作定语，修饰限定“twolittlegirls”。“aseriousbirthdefect…”作microcephaly的同位语。“thatcausesbabiestohaveextremelysmallheadsandbrains”是that引导的定语从句，修饰前面的“aseriousbirthdefect”。★detail/ˈdiːteɪl/v.togivealistoffactsoralltheavailableinformationaboutsth.详细列举；详细说明；详述e.g.Thebrochuredetailsallthehotelsintheareaandtheirfacilities.这本小册子详细介绍了当地所有旅馆及其设施。n.thesmallfactsorfeaturesofsth.,whenyouconsiderthemalltogether详情；全部细节★gointodetail(s)详细叙述；逐一说明e.g.Ican’tgointodetailsnow;itwouldtaketoolong.我现在不能细说，太费工夫。★gorgeous/'gɔːdʒəs/adj. 非常漂亮的；美丽动人的；令人愉快的★horrible/'hɒrəbl/adj. 令人震惊的；恐怖的★perception/pəˈsepʃn/n.①anidea,abelieforanimageyouhaveasaresultofhowyouseeorunderstandsth.看法；见解②theabilitytounderstandthetruenatureofsth.洞察力；悟性e.g.Hewasamanofuncommonintelligence,perceptionandcharm.他是一个具有非凡才智、理解力和吸引力的人。★severely

/sə'vɪrlɪ/adv.extremelybadorserious极为恶劣地；十分严重地e.g.severelydisabled严重残疾的★perseverance

/ˌpɜːsɪ'vɪərəns/n.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神★grace

/greɪs/n. 优美；优雅★spade

/speɪd/n. 锹；铲★hideous/'hɪdɪəs/adj.十分丑陋的；令人厌恶的Notes“thebravemotheroftwolittlegirls”作“GwenHartley”的同位语，“bornwithmicrocephaly”是过去分词作定语。“aseriousbirthdefect”作microcephaly的同位语。“thatcausesbabiestohaveextremelysmallheadsandbrains”是that引导的定语从句，修饰前面的“aseriousbirthdefect”。PartⅡTextAIntensiveReading44

Moreimportantly,howdoIdefinebeauty?重要的是，我怎么定义“美”？

今天早上，我在椭圆机（健身器材）上运动，想减掉昨天多摄入的卡路里。坦诚地说，我的减肥之路主要是为了美化体型。为了更苗条，也就是文化上公认的（完美）体型。我迫使自己控制食欲，只吃椒盐卷饼。我为此付出的努力和收到的成效得到了别人的赞扬。说实话，赞美是令人兴奋的，但也容易让人沉迷，存在在潜在的危险。因为当我开始把成功看作是自己努力的结果时，就会（想当然地）认为自己是自己的救世主。当我认为自己能拯救我自己时，我在相信一个谎言。这个谎言的根源是骄傲，会导致自负、傲慢和自恋。如果你觉得我本身比这些行为好，请再想想。PartⅡTextAIntensiveReading55

ThismorningIwasonmyelliptical25machinechasingdowntheexcess26caloriesIconsumed27yesterday.I’llbecandid28,somuchofmyjourneytoloseweighthasfocusedonthebeautification29ofmybody.Inordertoobtainamoreslender30,andthereforemoreculturallyacceptablebodytype,Ihavebentmyselfintopretzels31tryingtoconquer32myfoodlust33.Ihavebeenpraisedformyeffortsandsuccess.AndI’llbehonest,praiseisexciting,butitisalsoaddictive34andterriblytreacherous35.BecauseifIbegintoseemysuccessashavingbeenbornofmyownstrength,Ibegintomakemyselfmyownsavior.AndifIviewmyselfascapableofsavingmyself,Ibelievealie.Therootofthislieisprideanditgivesfruittovanity36,arrogance37,andnarcissism38.AndifyouthinkIambetterthanthosebehaviors,thinkagain.★

elliptical

/ɪ'lɪptɪkl/adj. 椭圆的；椭圆形的

★

excess

/ɪkˈses/adj.inadditiontoanamountthatisnecessary,usualorlegal超额的；额外的；附加的；过度的e.g.Excessfoodisstoredasfat.多余的食物会作为脂肪贮存起来。n.morethanisnecessary,reasonableoracceptable超过；过度；过分~ofsth.e.g.Areyousufferingfromanexcessofstressinyourlife?你生活中的压力很大吗？★

consume

/kənˈsjuːm/v.①toeatordrinksth.吃；喝；饮e.g.Manypeopleareunawareofjusthowmuchfoodanddrinktheyconsume.许多人并不知道他们究竟吃喝掉多少食品和饮料。②

tousesth.,especiallyfuel,energyortime消耗，耗费（燃料、能量、时间等）e.g.Allthiswouldconsumetime,themostpreciouselementofall.如此一来，难免要浪费极宝贵的时间了。★

candid

/'kændɪd/adj. 坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的★

beautification

/ˌbjuːtɪfɪ'keɪʃən/n.美化★

slender

/'slendə(r)/adj. 苗条的；纤细的★

pretzel

/'pretsl/n. 椒盐卷饼★

conquer

/'kɒŋkə(r)/v. ①tosucceedindealingwithorcontrollingsth.（成功地）对付，克服，控制e.g.Theonlywaytoconquerafearistofaceit.克服恐惧的唯一方法是正视恐惧。②totakecontrolofacountryorcityanditspeoplebyforce占领；攻克；征服e.g.conqueredterritories被占领的领土③todefeatsb.,especiallyinacompetition,race,etc.（尤指比赛、赛跑等中）击败，战胜e.g.Ifyouaretoconquerthem.假如你想打败他们的话。★

lust

/lʌst/n. 强烈欲望；享受欲★

addictive

/ə'dɪktɪv/adj. 使人上瘾的★

treacherous/'tretʃərəs/adj. 不可信任的；背叛的；奸诈的★

vanity

/'vænəti/n. 自负；自大；虚荣；虚荣心★

arrogance

/'ærəgəns/n. 傲慢；自大★

narcissism

/'nɑːsɪsɪzəm/n.自我陶醉，自赏，自恋（尤指对自己的容貌）Notesinorderto的意思是“为了”,“tryingtoconquermyfoodlust”是现在分词作状语。PartⅡTextAIntensiveReading66

WhenIlookcloselyatmyheart,andseethedarknessatitscore,IknowbeyondashadowofadoubtthatIamnotcapableofsavingmyself.Allofmymotives39aretwisted40.HowthendoIproceedinaworldwhenIcan’tcontrolmyself,muchlessthedarkandtwistedlivesofothers?Forweallgoaboutwithswords41onourtongues,withbitterness42onourbreath,andheartsaflame43withagoniesforwhichnocurecanbehadbyourownhand.当我审视内心，看到内心深处的黑暗（和缺陷）时，我很确定——我不能拯救自己。我渴望的东西都变味儿了。那么在一个无法自控的世界里我该怎么继续下去呢，更别说其他人黑暗和扭曲的生活了？因为我们都是舌头上带着刀剑，呼吸着苦涩，心中燃烧着痛苦，这些痛苦是无法自愈的。★

becapableof能够；有能力e.g.Weknewthatyouwouldbecapableofdoingit.我们知道你们有这个能力完成这个任务。★insb.’scapablehands由可信任的人负责（或处理等）e.g.CanIleavethesequeriesinyourcapablehands?我能否请你这个能手来解答这些疑问？when引导的是时间状语从句，“beyondashadowofadoubt”是一个固定的表达，意思是“无可置疑，必定”。becapableof的意思是“能够”。that后面引导的是一个宾语从句，作know的宾语。

★

motive

/'məʊtɪv/n. 动机；原因；目的★

twist

/twɪst/v. 歪曲，曲解★

sword

/sɔːd/n. 剑，刀★

bitterness

/'bɪtənəs/n.苦味，痛苦★

aflame

/ə'fleɪm/adj.在燃烧；着火Noteswhen引导的是时间状语从句，“beyondashadowofadoubt”是一个固定的表达，意思是“无可置疑，必定”。“becapableof”的意思是“能够”。that后面引导的是一个宾语从句，作know的宾语。PartⅡTextAIntensiveReading77

Takingalloftheseintoconsideration,whywouldIpursuephysicalbeautyatall?Itseemsmeaningless.Anditis.Havingtheperfectbodyiscompletelymeaningless.HowdidIcometothisconclusion?把这些都考虑在内，我为什么还要追求外在美呢？似乎没有意义。事实上，拥有完美的身材毫无意义，我是如何得出这样的结论的呢？

★takesth.intoconsideration考虑到；顾及e.g.Takingeverythingintoconsideration,theeventwasagreatsuccess.总的说来，这项活动取得了极大的成功。PartⅡTextAIntensiveReading88

WhenIthinkaboutthereason,Ibeganthisjourneyinthefirstplace—thejourneytolearndiscipline44.Andit’sinterestingtomenowhowIviewedmyselfat310poundsasworthless(alie),pathetic(alie)andhopeless(alie).AtthattimeIcontrastedthosefeelingsagainstwhatmyfaithwasteachingme.★discipline/ˈdɪsəplɪn/n.theabilitytocontrolyourbehaviourorthewayyoulive,work,etc.自制力；遵守纪律v.①topunishsb.forsth.theyhavedone惩罚；处罚~sb.forsth.e.g.Jackhasbeendisciplinedforhismistake.杰克已经由于犯错被处罚过了。②totrainsb.,especiallyachild,toobeyparticularrulesandcontrolthewaytheybehave训练；训导；管教③tocontrolthewayyoubehaveandmakeyourselfdothingsthatyoubelieveyoushoulddo自我控制；严格要求（自己）当我思考理由时，我首先踏上了学习自律之路。很有趣，（当时）我认为310磅的自己无用、可悲且没有希望。那时，这些想法跟我所坚信的东西大相径庭。

PartⅡTextAIntensiveReading99

Therearetimeswhenmyattemptsatdisciplineendinmisery.Iabstain45frommyfoodlustforacertainperiodoftimeandthenIfall—facetotheground,nosebleeding,necktwistedandbent,whileIscrape46thegravel47frommychin.Iamstilllearningtodiscern48theissuesinmyheartthatdriveunusualbehaviors.SoasIreadaboutpeoplelikeSophieTuckerandGwenHartley,Ihavetoaskmyself:WhichlifedoIwanttomodel?DoIseekgloryandfameformyselfattheexpenseofothers,ordoIlaydownmylifetoseekandserveothers?Theanswerseemsobvious,butintruth,itisaverydifficultpath.I’vegotalongwaytogo.有的时候，我在自律方面付出的努力让我很痛苦。有段时间，我抑制了我对食物的欲望，以至于我面地倒下，鼻子出血、脖子扭折，但我还是站起来刮掉下巴上的沙粒。我仍在学着洞悉我内心中驱使不寻常行为的因素。所以当我读到关于类似苏菲·塔克和格温·哈特来的故事时，我问我自己：我想塑造什么样的生活？我是在为了光荣和名誉，牺牲别人成就自己吗？还是在不惜生命服务奉献他人？答案似乎显而易见，但说实话，这是一条非常艰难的路。我还有很长的路要走。

★abstain/əb'steɪn/v. 戒；戒除★scrape/skreɪp/v. 戒；戒除①toremovesth.fromasurfacebymovingsth.sharpandhardlikeaknifeacrossit除去；刮掉②torubsth.byaccidentsothatitgetsdamagedorhurt擦坏；擦伤；刮坏；蹭破③tomanagetowinortogetsth.withdifficulty艰难取得；勉强获得★~byonsth.（靠……）勉强维持生计，糊口，艰难度日★~in/intosth.勉强获得（工作、职位、入学资格等）★~throughsth.艰难完成；勉强通过（考试）★~sth.out挖出；掘出abstainfrom的意思是“戒除”，while是连词，表示“然而，但是”，有转折的含义。★gravel/'grævl/n. 沙砾；砾石；石子★discern/dɪ'sɜːn/v. 觉察出；识别；了解①toknow,recognizeorunderstandsth.,especiallysth.thatisnotobvious觉察出；识别；了解e.g.Itwashardtodiscernwhythiswashappening.很难弄清楚这为什么会发生。②toseeorhearsth.,butnotveryclearly（依稀）看出，分辨出，听出e.g.Somepeoplefinditdifficulttodiscernbluefromgreen.有些人很难分辨蓝色与绿色。★attheexpenseof在牺牲（或损害）……的情况下e.g.Hebuiltupthebusinessattheexpenseofhishealth.他以自己的健康为代价逐步建立起了这个企业。★atsb.’sexpense由某人付钱；由某人负担费用e.g.Weweretakenoutforamealatthecompany’sexpense.公司出钱请我们外出就餐。Notes“abstainfrom”的意思是“戒除”，while是连词，表示“然而，但是”，有转折的含义。扩展视频：PartⅡTextAIntensiveReadingNewWords1

pursuit/pə'sjuːt/n.theactoflookingforortryingtofindsth.追求；寻找2*pummel/'pʌml/v.tokeephittingsb./sth.hard,especiallywithyourfists连续猛击；反复拳打；捶打3*collage/'kɒlɑːʒ/n.theartofmakingapicturebystickingpiecesofcolouredpaper,cloth,orphotographsontoasurface;apicturethatyoumakebydoingthis

拼贴艺术；拼贴画4

era/'ɪərə/n.aperiodoftime,usuallyinhistory,thatisdifferentfromotherperiodsbecauseofparticularcharacteristicsorevents时代；年代；纪元5*beholder/bɪ'həʊldə(r)/n.Thebeholderofsomethingisthepersonwhoislookingatit.

旁观者，观看者 PartⅡTextAIntensiveReading6

conform/kən'fɔːm/v.tobehaveandthinkinthesamewayasmostotherpeopleinagrouporsociety

顺应（大多数人或社会）；遵守7

fascinating/'fæsɪneɪtɪŋ/adj.extremelyinterestingandattractive

极有吸引力的；迷人的8

curve/kɜːv/n.alineorsurfacethatbendsgradually;asmoothbend曲线；弧线；曲面9*bawdy/'bɔːdi/adj.(ofsongs,plays,etc.歌曲、戏剧等)loud,anddealingwithsexinanamusingway低级下流的10*outlandish/aʊt'lændɪʃ/adj.(usuallydisapproving)strangeorextremelyunusual

古怪的；极不寻常的；奇特的PartⅡ11▲gangster/'gæŋstə(r)/n.amemberofagroupofviolentcriminals

匪徒；歹徒；土匪12*epitome/ɪ'pɪtəmi/n.aperfectexampleofst典型；典范13

abandon/ə'bændən/v.toleavesb.,especiallysb.youareresponsiblefor,withnointentionofreturning（不顾责任、义务等）离弃，遗弃，抛弃14*microcephaly/ˌmaɪkrəʊ'sefəli/n.thestateofhavingaheadthatissmallerthannormal,becausethebrainhasnotdevelopednormally[医]小头畸形15

defect/'diːfekt/n.afaultinsth.orinthewayithasbeenmadewhichmeansthatitisnotperfect缺点；缺陷；毛病PartⅡ16

detail/'diːteɪl/v.togivealistoffactsoralltheavailableinformationaboutsth.详细列举；详细说明；详述17▲gorgeous/'gɔːdʒəs/adj.(informal)verybeautifulandattractive;givingpleasureandenjoyment

非常漂亮的；美丽动人的；令人愉快的18*horrible/'hɒrəbl/adj.(informal)verybadorunpleasant;usedtodescribesth.thatyoudonotlike令人震惊的；恐怖的19*hideous/'hɪdɪəs/adj.veryuglyorunpleasant十分丑陋的；令人厌恶的20

perception/pə'sepʃn/n.(formal)anidea,abelieforanimageyouhaveasaresultofhowyouseeorunderstandsth.看法；见解PartⅡ21

severely/sə'vɪrli/adv.verybadlyorseriously严重地；严肃地inanextremeorstrictway

严格地；严厉地；22*perseverance/ˌpɜːsɪ'vɪərəns/n.(approving)thequalityofcontinuingtotrytoachieveaparticularaimdespitedifficulties

毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神23

grace/greɪs/n.anattractivequalityofmovementthatissmooth,elegantandcontrolled

优美；优雅24

spade/speɪd/n.agardentoolwithabroadmetalbladeandalonghandle,usedfordigging

锹；铲25▲elliptical/ɪ'lɪptɪkl/adj.(geometry几何)connectedwithorintheformofanellipse

椭圆的；椭圆形的PartⅡ26

excess/ɪk'ses/adj.inadditiontoanamountthatisnecessary,usualorlegal

超额的；额外的；附加的；过度的27

consume/kən'sjuːm/ v.tousesth.,especiallyfuel,energyortime消耗，耗费28▲candid/'kændɪd/adj.sayingwhatyouthinkopenlyandhonestly;nothidingyourthoughts

坦率的，坦诚的，直言不讳的29*beautification/ˌbjuːtɪfɪ'keɪʃən/n.theactofmakingsomethingmorebeautiful

美化30

slender/'slendə(r)/adj.(ofpeopleortheirbodies)thininanattractiveorelegantway

苗条的；纤细的PartⅡ31*pretzel/'pretsl/n.acrispsaltybiscuitintheshapeofaknotorstick,oftenservedwithdrinksataparty椒盐卷饼32

conquer/'kɒŋkə(r)/v.tosucceedindealingwithorcontrollingsth.对付；控制，克服33*lust/lʌst/n.verystrongdesireforsth.orenjoymentofsth.强烈欲望；享受欲34*addictive/ə'dɪktɪv/adj.ifadrugisaddictive,itmakespeopleunabletostoptakingit

使人上瘾的35*treacherous

/'tretʃərəs/adj.thatcannotbetrusted;intendingtoharmyou

不可信任的；背叛的；奸诈的PartⅡ36vanity/'vænəti/n.(disapproving)toomuchprideinyourownappearance,abilitiesorachievements

自负；自大；虚荣；虚荣心37*arrogance/'ærəgəns/n.thebehaviourofapersonwhentheyfeelthattheyaremoreimportantthanotherpeople,sothattheyarerudetothemordonotconsiderthem

傲慢；自大38*narcissism/'nɑːsɪsɪzəm/n.(formal,disapproving)thehabitofadmiringyourselftoomuch,especiallyyourappearance自我陶醉，自赏，自恋（尤指对自己的容貌）39

motive/'məʊtɪv/n.areasonfordoingsth.动机；原因；目的40

twist/twɪst/ v.todeliberatelychangethemeaningofwhatsb.hassaid,ortopresentfactsinaparticularway,inordertobenefityourselforharmsb.else歪曲，曲解PartⅡ41

sword/sɔːd/n.aweaponwithalongmetalbladeandahandle剑，刀42▲bitterness/'bɪtənəs/n.thequalityofhavingastrong,unpleasanttastethatisnotsweet

苦味，痛苦43*aflame/ə'fleɪm/adj.burning;onfire在燃烧；着火44

discipline/'dɪsəplɪn/n.thepracticeoftrainingpeopletoobeyrulesandordersandpunishingthemiftheydonot;thecontrolledbehaviourorsituationthatresultsfromthistraining

训练；训导；纪律PartⅡ45*abstain/əb'steɪn/v.todecidenottodoorhavesth.,especiallysth.youlikeorenjoy,becauseitisbadforyourhealthorconsideredmorallywrong戒；戒除46

scrape/skreɪp/v.toremovesth.fromasurfacebymovingsth.sharpandhardlikeaknifeacrossit刮掉；削去47▲gravel/'grævl/n.smallstones,oftenusedtomakethesurfaceofpathsandroads

沙砾；砾石；石子48▲discern/dɪ'sɜːn/v.toknow,recognizeorunderstandsth.,especiallysth.thatisnotobvious

觉察出；识别；了解PartⅡPhrasesandExpressionssortout辨别出来e.g.Howdowesortoutfactfromfiction?preferto较喜欢，宁愿e.g.Weprefertodealonlywithreputablecompanies.inpursuitof追求e.g.Theyarezealousinpursuitoffameandmoney.becapableof有能力e.g.Iamperfectlycapableoflookingaftermyself,thankyou.take...intoconsideration把……考虑进去e.g.Timeiswhatwemustfirsttakeintoconsideration.attheexpenseof以……为代价e.g.Hedidnotwanttodevotemoretimetohisbusinessattheexpenseofhisfamily.PartⅡProperNamesSophieTucker 苏菲·塔克，美国歌星，是知名的娱乐圈人士，在舞台上表演了60年BBCBritishBroadcastingCorporation，

英国广播公司GwenHartley 格温·哈特莱TheHartleyHooligans 哈特莱家的阿飞们，格温·哈特莱的博客PartⅡExercisesReadingComprehensionⅠDividethetextintothreepartsandwritedownthemainideaofeachpart.Para.1Theauthorraisesthequestion“whatistruebeauty?”.Paras.2-3Twomothers’storiesstandingfortwoaspectsofbeautyaretold,whichwillmakereaderstothinkwhatistruebeautyindeed.Paras.4-9Theauthor’sunderstandingoftruebeauty.PartⅡⅡAnswerthefollowingquestionsbasedonTextA.1Arethereany“proper”perspectiveconcerningtruebeauty?2HaveyoureadanythingaboutSophieTucker?No.Sophiewasfamousintheearly1900sforhercurvesasshewasforherbawdyhumorandoutlandishbehavior.Shecountedgangstersandpresidentsasfriends.Shewastheepitomeoffame—peoplelovedher!Butshewasawomanwhoabandonedherhusbandandlittleboyinpursuitofthatsuccess.PartⅡⅡAnswerthefollowingquestionsbasedonTextA.3What’sthedifferencebetweenSophieTuckerandGwenHartley?4Doestheauthorthinkphysicalbeautymeaningfulormeaningless?5Whatistruebeautyaccordingtotheauthor?SophieTuckerabandonedherhusbandandlittleboyinpursuitofthatsuccess.WhileGwenHartleyisamotherwholetgoofpeople’sperceptionsandliveherlifeofcaringfortwoseverelydisabledchildren.Meaningless.Intheauthor’sperspective,it’samatterofpersonalpreference.PartⅡⅢDiscussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartners.Istheresomeonearoundyouthatyouthinkbeautiful?Whydoyouthinkheorsheisbeautiful?Whatisyourstandardofbeauty?Discusswithyourpartner.PartⅡⅣReadthe9thparagraphaloudandreciteit.Therearetimeswhenmyattemptsatdisciplineendinmisery.IabstainfrommyfoodlustforacertainperiodoftimeandthenIfall—facetotheground,nosebleeding,necktwistedandbent,whileIscrapethegravelfrommychin.Iamstilllearningtodiscerntheissuesinmyheartthatdriveunusualbehaviors.SoasIreadaboutpeoplelikeSophieTuckerandGwenHartley,Ihavetoaskmyself:WhichlifedoIwanttomodel?DoIseekgloryandfameformyselfattheexpenseofothers,ordoIlaydownmylifetoseekandserveothers?Theanswerseemsobvious,butintruth,itisaverydifficultpath.I’vegotalongwaytogo.PartⅡExercisesLanguageFocusLanguageFocusWordstoPracticepursuitconform abandondefect detailgrace excess consumeconquerdiscern1Thereport___________theprogresswehavemadeoverthelastyear.2A___________inthebrakingsystemcausedseveralaccidentsbeforethecarwasrecalled.3Gettingeveryoneontheteamto___________hastakenalongtime.4Hedidn’tevenhavethe____________toapologize.detailsdefectconformgrace5Asmallervehiclewill_____________lessfuel.6Therearemanyotherissueswherethissamepatterncanbe_______________.7Howcouldshe_____________herownchild?8Cutany________________fatfromthemeatbeforecooking.9Shewasdeterminedto_________________herfearofflying.Adeersuddenlysprang(突然跳出)acrosstheroad,withapackofhuntingdogsinhot_____________.consumediscernedabandonexcessconquerpursuitPartⅡExpressionstoPracticeUsethefollowingphrasestocompletethesentences.Changetheformswherenecessary.sortout

preferto

inpursuitof

becapableof

attheexpenseof1Anyhow,ouridealsandactions_____________freedomwon’tchange.Manymaterialsappearto________________particleproductionorstimulationofparticleproductionunderirradiation.Mostofmyfriendstakethebustoschool,butI______________walk.Similarly,countriesmaymakeuseofautomationtoimprovetheirinternationalcompetitiveness,sometimes_____________________othercountries.Weneedto______________ourcampinggear(用具)beforewegoaway.inpursuitofbecapableofprefertoattheexpenseofsortoutPartⅡWordBuildingⅠFindthewordsmeaningless,worthless,hopelessinTextA.Doyouknowthemeaningofthesuffix-less?Lookatthefollowingwords,andthenformnewwordsbyadding-less.ThentranslatethemintoChinese.