高中英语Unit1《Livingwell》学案6新人教版

选修7第一单元Unit1《Livingwell》考点预览：1词汇：ambition,adapt,beneficial,similar,absence,including,ignore,encouragement2短语：makefunof,setup,eventhough,dreamabout,atleast,aswellas,aswell,dealwith,inotherwords,outofbreath,allinalllivea…life,getannoyed,bedifferentfrom语言点：(v,n)试图，设法，努力Idon’tknowifIcancome,butI’lltry.试，试用，试验Haveyoutriedthisnewcoffee?It’sverygood.尝过try后可接名词，动名词，不定式，what从句等aJohnisn’there.Tryphoninghishomenumber.bWhatareyoutryingtodo?cTrythesuitontoseewhetheritfitsyou.trytodosth努力做某事；trydoingsth尝试做某事为什么不尝试乘火车去那里呢？__________________________________________________________________?他努力地要把箱子搬到楼上，但失败了。____________________________________________________________如果前门没有人开，你可以敲后门试试。____________________________________________________________词组：trysthon试穿tryout试验，尝试tryone’sbest（todosth）尽某人最大的努力类似用法：stoptodosth,meantodosthforgettodosthremembertodosthstopdoingsthmeandoingsthforgetdoingsthrememberdoingsthachieve(1)(凭努力)达到（目标等）Hehadfinallyachievedsuccess.(2)成功Theirbackgroundgivesthemlittlechanceofachievingatschool.词组：achievesuccess/victory/purpose获得成功/取得胜利/达到目的achievement(n)成就，伟绩achievable(adj)能完成的，能达到的3proud骄傲的，自豪的。常用于以下结构：beproudofbeproudtodosthbeproudthatYourachievementsaresomethingtobeproudof.Ifeelproudtobeapartoftheteam.Heisveryproudthatheisascientist.IdoadmitI’mratherproudofmyprogress.pride(n)takepridein=beproudofproudly(adv)4represent（1）代表，象征，标志TheroserepresentsEngland.OurfirmisrepresentedinIndiabyMrHall.我公司驻印度HerepresentedChinaintheconference.他代表中国参加了这个会议。Thetradeunionrepresentsover200000workers.(2)描绘，描述,塑造ThepicturerepresentsthebattleofWaterloo.Thepicturerepresentsahuntingscene.representative(n,adj)代表（人），有代表性的，典型的；representation(n)代表，表现，描绘(指事物)；近义词辨析：represent强调代表（官方，政府），代言人，standfor代表（含义，符号）UN__theUnitedStates.WenJiabao__ourgovernmenttogiveatalkatthecongress.5setup(1)摆放，竖起（某物）Policesetuproadblocksonroutesleadingoutofthecity.(2)建立Theywanttosetupastateoftheirown.近义词辨析：setup指建立组织机构等抽象事物，也可指竖起，搭起，此时等于putupAnewschoolhasbeensetupinmyhometown.build多指建立房屋，桥梁，道路等Thehousewasbuiltin1960s.putup多指建立临时性的房屋，帐篷等Theyputupatentbytheriversideforthenight.(过夜)found指创建（组织，国家）；把…基于…之上ThePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949.Foralltheseyears,Ihavebeenworkingforothers.I’mhopingI’ll__myownbusinesssomeday.AturnupBfixupCsetupDmakeup相关短语：(1)setabout(doingsth)/setouttodosth着手做…（2）setoff出发，动身（3）setfireto点燃，生火（4）setdown记下，写下，放下（5）seton攻击（6）setanexample树立榜样（7）set…aside把…放在一边，省出，留出Shetriestosetasidesomemoneyeverymonth.(8)setback使推迟，耽误，使延误Thebadweathersetbackthebuildingprogrammebyseveralweeks.(9)setapart留出，拨出（专用）Tworoomsweresetapartforuseaslibraries.（10）setforward提出，拨快（钟表），促进6ambition(c,u)(1)雄心，野心，志气，抱负，志向Aboywhoisfilledambitionusuallyworkshard.HisambitiontobecomethePrimeMinisterislikelytoberealized.(2)目标，夙愿（c）Hehasgreatambitions.胸怀大志Hehasrealizedhisambitions.(抱负)beambitioustodosthambitious(adj)有雄心的，有志气的beambitiousofsth/havetheambitionforsth渴望得到某物fullofambition野心勃勃7similar(adj)相似的，类似的besimilarto（to为介词）与…相似besimilarin在…方面相似similarity(n)类似点ShanghaiissimilartoShenzheninmanyways.Therearemanysimilaritiesbetweenthetwo.8takealesson/lessons上课，学习课程，修课程HepreferstotakeEnglishlessonsratherthantakeChineseones.givesbalesson/lessons给某人上课teachsbalesson教训某人TheaccidenttaughtmealessonI’llneverforget.9inotherwords换句话说（做插入语）Beethovenwrotemanyworld-famousmusicalcompositions.Inotherwords,hewasagreatmusician.I’mnotusedtothewayyouspeaktome.Inotherwords,Idon’twanttocontinueourconversations（1）inword口头上Idon’twantyoutotellmeinwordthatyouwillstudyhard.（2）inwords用语言（来表达）一般置于句末Youdon’tknowhowwonderfulitis.Itcan’tbedescribedinwords.（3）ina/oneword一句话，简言之，总之Inaword,wemusttryourbesttodothework.（4）getinaword插话（5）leaveword留言（6）haveawordwithsb与…谈谈（7）breakone’sword失信，食言（8）keepone’sword遵守诺言（9）wordbyword逐字地，一字不变地10as(1)conj用作连词可引导时间，原因，让步，比较，方式等状语从句Ashelookedather,shemadeaface.Ashedidn’tknowmuchEnglish,hegotouthisdictionaryandlookedup.Hedoesn’tspeakastheotherpeopledo.YoumustdoasItoldyou.Heisnotsodiligentasyou.Youngasheis,heknowsalot.Child/Studentasheis,hehasagoodknowledgeofhistory.Asayoungboy,helosthisparentsinthewar.Iwatchedherasshecombedherhair.Ihavechangeditasyousuggested.IreadtheletterasIwalkedalongtheriver.Asyouweren’tthere,Ileftamessage.Ashehasbeenill,perhapsheneedshelp.Tryashewould,hecouldn’topenthedoor.Tiredastheywere,theywalkedon.Leavethetableasitis.(2)作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，先行词前常有such,thesame,as,so与之呼应，构成such…as,so…as,等We’llmakesuchcomputersasareneededindifferentbranchesofscience.Iwanttobuythesameshoesaswereadvertised.(3)作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，as指前或后面整个句子的内容。Asyoucanseeinthemap,thetwocitiesarefarawayfromeachother.Aseverybodyknows,allthatglittersisnotgold.(4)prep作为Youwillbewelcomedasaherotomorrowmorning.Shetreatshimasherbrother.JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotinCanada,__thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.AasBifCwhenDwhere11adapt(1)使…适应；使…适合，适应。一般与to连用adapt(oneself)to，相当于adjust…toCanyouadaptyourselftothenewjob?You’dbetteradapttothenewenvironmentassoonaspossible.Sheadaptedherselfquicklytothenewclimate.Hecouldnotadapthiswayoflifetothecompany.(2)改编，改写（rewrite）adaptAforB把A改编为BThestorywasadaptedforaTVplay.Difficultbooksaresometimesadaptedforuseinschools.……以适应学校之用。adapt…from从…选取/改编Theplayisadaptedfromanovel.ThisnovelhasbeenadaptedforradiofromRussianoriginal.adapter/adaptor(n)改编者adaptation(n)适应，改编adaptable(adj)能适应的，可改编的近义词辨析:adjust强调调整或调节以适应adapt指修改或改变，使某人或某物做些改变以适应新条件，此意时可互换。Youcan’tseethroughthetelescopeuntilitisadjustedtoyoureyes.把望远镜调节到适合你的目光之后，你才能看见。Ittookherawhiletoadjusttolivingaloneafterthedivorce.Ittookseveralsecondsforhiseyestoadjusttothedark.You’llquicklyadjustyourselftostudentlife.I’mafraidhecan’tadapttotheideaofhavingawomanashisboss.12atatime一次Handmetwoatatime.相关词组：（1）allthetime一直，始终(2)manyatime屡次，许多次(3)severaltimes(4)atonetime以前，曾经(5)aheadoftime提前(6)onceuponatime从前(7)haveagoodtime过得愉快(8)innotime立刻(9)fromtimetotime有时，不时的(10)intime及时(11)ontime按时，准时(12)atanytime随时，在任何时候(13)forthefirsttime第一次(14)outoftime不合时宜(15)killtime消遣，消磨时光13including(prep)包括，包含在内，一般用于名词或代词之前；included一般用于名词或代词之后Weallwentincludingme.Weallwent,meincluded.Sixpeoplewerekilledintheaccident,adriver_____________.近义词辨析：contain“包含，含有，装着，盛着”,通常指在一个整体中所包含含有的全部内容，或在一个容器中容纳的全部东西，强调包含的整体内容。include“包含，包括”指在一个整体中包括了其中一部分内容项目等，强调包含部分。常用的两种表达方式：includingsb/sth=sb/sthincludedSeawatercontainssalt.Yourdutiesincludetypinglettersandansweringthetelephone.Thepriceincludesboththehouseandfurniture.Theatlascontainsalltheinformation.14absence（n）不在，缺席，缺少absenceofmind心不在焉，精神恍惚inone’sabsence/intheabsenceofsb在背地里，在某人不在时absent(adj)缺席的absent-minded心不在焉的beabsentfrom不在，缺席Theyspokeillofthecaptaininhisabsence/intheabsenceofhim.15until直到…为止,notuntil用于句首时后面的主句要用倒装语序conj后接时间状语从句，也可用于强调结构。Peopledon’tknowthevalueofhealthuntiltheyloseit.NotuntilyoutoldmedidIknowhisdeath.Notuntilhismothercameback,didthelittleboygotobed.ItwasnotuntilthegovernmenttookmeasuresthatthespreadofAIDSwascontrolled.(2)prep在肯定句中，与延续性动词连用，意为“直到…为止”；在否定句中与瞬间动词连用，意为“在…之前，不到…就”I’llstayhereuntil/tillnextMonday.Hedidn’tcomeuntillateintheafternoon.(傍晚)16usedto表示过去经常或持续性的行为，现在已经不再发生。常用did帮助构成疑问句和否定句，也可用usedYouusedtodrink,usedn’tyou/didn’tyou?Thereusedtobesometreesinthisfield,usedn’tthere/didn’tthere?Iusedtoswiminthisriver.Usedyoutoswiminthisriver?Didyouusetosmokeapipe?（烟斗）近义词辨析：usedto过去常常，指过去的状况，也可指习惯，现在已经停止了，可与be连用。would多指过去的动作反复，与现在无关。不与be连用。Heusedtobeaquietboy.Hewouldsitontheriverbankfishingwhenhewasayoungchild.相关短语：(1)beusedtodo被用来做…Bamboocanbeusedtomakepaper.Stampsareusedtosendletters.(2)be/getusedtodoingsth习惯于Heisnotusedtogettingupearly.I’mnotusedtoeatingthesamefoodeveryday.(3)beusedfordoingsthStampsareusedforsendingletters.(4)useup用光，用尽usedup筋疲力尽17too…to(1)用来表示否定意义，可用not…enoughto…和so…that来进行句式转换。Thechildistooyoungtogotoschool.=Thechildisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.=Thechildissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.(2)too…to句式中，too后接ready,glad,willing,pleased,delighted等形容词时，无否定意义。Heistoowillingtohelpothers.I’monlytoogladtogohome.(3)too…to句式中，too前用否定词（never,not）时，表示肯定意义。Hiscourageisnevertoomuchtobepraised.他的勇气再表扬也不为过。(4)too…notto..句式表示肯定意义。Heistoowisenottosolvethisproblem.他非常聪明，必能解决这个问题。(5)can’t…too表示“无论怎么样……也不过分”Youcan’tbetoocareful.你越小心越好Onecan’tbetoooldtolearn.___________________。Youcan’tbetoocarefulinyour.18nearly(adv)(1)相当于almost差不多，几乎It’snearlyteno’clock.TheseasonsoftheyearinEnglandandtheUSAarenearlythesame.(2)密切地，亲密地（closely）Thematterconcernsmenearly.这事与我密切相关。近义词辨析：两词意义相近，肯定句中可以互换用。一般来说,与数字连用时用nearly。另外almost可与never,no,none,nothing,nobody等否定词连用，而nearly只可和not连用，notnearly是“远不如”的意思.Almostnoonebelievedher.Almostnothingelsecanbemoreimportantthanmoneytohim.Themeetingisnotnearlyready.hardly=almostnotTheycanhardlyfinishthework.19takeadeepbreath做一次深呼吸aboveone’sbreath高声地wasteone’sbreath白费口舌outofbreath上气不接下气loseone’sbreath喘不过气来holdone’sbreath屏息breathe(v)呼吸，呼出breathless(adj)气喘吁吁的，上气不接下气的20everytime可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。类似词有：thefirst/lastime,themoment,theminute,theday,theyearEverytimeIturntohimforhelp,heisalwaysgenerous.IwasreallyscaredthefirsttimeIsawasnake.IgotstartedthemomentIreceivedyourletter.IsentyouthenewstheinstantIheardit.Hissonwasbroughtintotheworldthedayhewentabroad.21behind(1)(adv)Thedogwasrunningbehind.Marywastiredandfellbehind.(2)prepThereisanoldorchardbehindthehouse.Hefellbehindotherboysofhisageinstudy.Hishomelandisacountryfarbehinditsneighbors.Heleftnothingbutdebtsbehindhim.Areyougoingtohaveaholidaythisyear?---I’dloveto.Ican’twaittoleavethisplaceoffBoutCbehindDoverleave…behind把…落在…,把…抛在后面，永远离开…不能用forget…behind22Mylifeisaloteasierathighschoolthanitwasatprimaryschool.中alot作状语，用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级。类似的词还有still,no,any,much,rather,abit,alittle,far,even,alot,agreatdeal等ShegotfarmorebooksthanI.Thereareevenmorepeoplethanexpected.HestudiesratherharderthanLiMing.YouknowsevenlessaboutitthanIdo.--Doyoufeelanybetter?—Ifeelmuchbetter.Itisalittlewarmertoday.Thisquestionisalotmoredifficultthanlastone.近义词辨析：very,quite,fairly,greatly等不能用来修饰比较级，但可修饰原级。It’sfairlywarmtoday.Itisquitepossibletotravelonthemooninthefuture.I’mgreatlysurprisedtoseeyouhere.23accept接受（主观上）receive(客观上)还有“接纳，接待”之意：我不能接受你的礼物。_________________________.HereceivedanawardforbraveryfromthepoliceserviceWereceivedawarmwelcomefromourhost.HewasreceivedasanhornedguestattheWhiteHouse.Heneverreallyacceptedherashisownchild.Itmaytakeyearstobecompletelyacceptedbythelocalpeople.Itisgenerallyacceptedthatpeoplearemotivatedbysuccess.普遍认为成功催人奋进accept…as接纳,承认acceptintoShewasdisappointednottobeacceptedintotheclub.acceptable（adj）认同的,认可的acceptance(n)接受，同意24annoy(vt)打搅，干扰，使烦恼，使生气（尤用于被动语态）Hewasannoyedwithhiswifebecausethedinnerbadlycooked.Hegot/was/feltannoyedwiththeboyforbeingsostupid.=Hewasannoyedattheboy’sstupidity.beannoyedat/aboutsthwithsbannoyed(adj)恼怒的，生气的annoying（(adj)令人恼怒的，令人生气的25getdone“get+pp”可用来表示被动语态。另外get后还可加形容词、现在分词等表示状态的改变。It’stimeyougotmarried.Hewentoutlastnightandgotdrunk.Hewascaughtintherainandgotwetallover.Whenthesewomengettalking,theygoonforhours.这些妇女一谈就是几个小时。getdressedgetchargedgetchangedgetstartedgetseparated相关短语：（1）getsthdone让/请人做某事(2)getsthacross使某物被理解(3)getalong(well)with与…相处得…(4)getoff下车(5)getto到达(6)getaway(from)离开(7)geton（wellwith）进步，进展，相处(8)getthrough打通电话，使某人理解，完成，通过（考试）(9)getup(10)getout泄露，说出(11)getawaywith侥幸做成，逃脱处罚，避免（12）getcloseto接近（13）getdownto静下心来做某事，被…所吸引(to是介词)（14）getdowntobusiness开始处理最重要的事情（15）getabout/around到处走动，（消息）传播（16）getaccustomedto(doing)sth习惯于(17)getholdof抓住（18）getinaword插话（19）getintouchwith与…取得联系（20）getintotrouble(21)getintodebt借债，负债（22）getkilled送命（23）getlost迷路（24）getnowhere无进展（25）getover克服，从（疾病或失望中）恢复过来（26）getreadytodo/forsth准备好…(27)getridof处理掉（某物）摆脱…(28)getsbtodosth让某人去做某事（29）getusedtodoing习惯于（30）gettoknow开始熟悉（某人或某地）（31）get/lay/putyourhandsonsomething得到某物，获得某物26ignore不理，不顾，忽视Tohisdisappointment,hisgreatcontributionwasignoredbyhissuperiors.Iignoredhisruderemarksandwentonwithmyexperiment.近义词辨析：ignore为不理会采取视而不见的态度。neglect因为粗心等原因而没有注意到或忽视Sheneglectsherstudies.Shedeniesneglectingherbaby.(疏于照顾)Thebuildinghasbeenneglectedforyears.(无人看管)同义词disregardignorance(n)无知，愚昧ignorant(adj)无知的beignorantof/beinignoranceof不知道，不了解27encouragement(n)激励，鼓励（1）encourage(v)encouragesbtodosth（2）encouraging(adj)(事、物)令人振奋的，振奋人心的（3）encouraged(adj)（人）感到振奋（4）discourage使泄气discouragesbfrom阻止…干28beneficial（adj）有益的，有好处的benefit(n)利益，好处（v）对…有益(1)benefitsb/sth对…有好处（2）benefitfrom/by从…中受益（3）beofbenefitto对…有益（4）forthebenefitof为了…的利益29eventhough相当于evenif即使后面跟的从句可以是陈述语气也可是虚拟语气，如果从句主语和主句的主语相同，并且含有be动词，那么主语和be动词可同时省去。I’lldoitcarefullyevenif/thoughit’lltakemehours.类似用法：asif相当于asthough意为“好像，仿佛”evenso即使如此，即使这样30dreamof/about梦见，梦想（后接名词，代词，动名词）他梦想成为一名医生。____________________________________有些不及物动词可接它的同源宾语（与动词同根的名词作宾语），名词前常有形容词。(1)dreamasweetdream(2)dieaheroicdeath死得英勇（3）liveahappy/asimple/anactivelife(4)breatheadeepbreath深呼吸（5）laughamerrylaugh开心一笑（6）smileaweak/forcedsmile勉强一笑（7）sleepasoundsleep熟睡一觉31atleast至少notintheleast一点也不，丝毫不Sheisnotintheleastworried.她一点也不担心。atmost至多leastofall最不，尤其不32bedifferentfrom与…不同（1）differ(v)不同，差异differ…from与,,,不同（2）difference(n)不同，差别tellthedifferencebetween…and…说出…与…的不同makeadifference有影响，有关系，有所作为Itmakesno/little/alittle/muchdifference+从句干…没有/几乎没有/有一点/有很大不同Itwon’tmakemuchdifferencewhetheryougotodayortomorrow.Therearesomedifferencesbetweentheminspelling.33aswellas/aswell(1)（除…之外）又，不但…而且连接两个并列的主语时谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。HespeaksEnglishaswellasFrench.Theteacheraswellasthestudentslikesthefilm.Sheisatalentedmusicianaswellasbeingaphotographer.Theysellbooksaswellasnewspapers.(2)另外，又，也Hesentmealetterandsomemoneyaswell.Aretheycomingaswell?(3)与…一样好Tomplaysbasketballaswellas,ifnotbetterthanBob.Shecooksaswellashermotherdoes.类似的结构：(1)as/solongas只要（引导条件状语从句）(2)assoonas一…就…（引导时间状语从句）asfarasI’mconcerned就我而言asfarastheeyecan/couldsee极目所尽asfarasIknow就我所知asfarasIcanremember/see/tell尽我所能记得的/依我看asfaras远达，远至注：aswellas常用于句中，连接两个并列成分；而aswell常用于句末。注意搭配may/mightjustaswell“还是…好，不妨做…,最好”Ifnooneelsewantsit,wemightaswellgiveittohim.34makefunof/playajokeonsb/开某人的玩笑，捉弄某人playatrickonsb捉弄某人makeafoolofsb愚弄某人laughatsb嘲笑某人forfun好玩，为其中的乐趣havefun玩得开心，玩得快乐What(great)fun!fun为不可数名词，不与a/an连用Whatfunitistogoswimming!35dealwith(1)对付，处理，相处一般与how连用Thepersonishardtodealwith.Howtodealwiththeoldmachinesisadifficultproblem.Heisabletodealwithallkindsoftroublesomecases.(2)论及，论述ThebookdealswithAsianproblems.(3)做买卖We’vebeendealingwithMrWangformanyyears.近义词辨析：dowith一般与what连用Ireallydon’tknowwhattodowiththebooks.36stay(1)待，停留Weendedupstayingforlunch.我们最终还是留了下来吃午饭。Shestayedathome.Icanstayafewminuteslonger.I’mstayinglateattheofficetonight.今晚我要在办公室待到很晚(2)保持，继续是Heneverstaysangryforlong他生气时间从来不会长Ican’tstayawakeanylonger.我瞌睡得再也熬不住了。Wepromisedtostayfriendsforever我们约定永远做朋友Theystayedtalkinguntilwellintothenight.一直谈到深夜stayup熬夜Idon’twantyoustayinguplate.我不想让你熬夜。stayaway(from)离开，不接近…stayoutof不介入37thesameas同…一样(1)thesame+n+as(2)such+n+as(3)so…+as(4)as…+as在以上四个结构中，as可作连词引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语，宾语等成分。I’matleastthesameageasRobertifI’mnotolderthanhe.I’llgiveyousuchthingsasyou’llneedonyourtrip.Iboughtthesamesuitasyou’rewearingnow.ThelittleboyhassomanyquestionsasI.Hehasasmanybooksasthelibrary.38……Idon’thavetimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself.ing形式作状语Thegirlcameinfollowingherparents.Hesatthereinsilence,doingnothing.Shelayinbed,staringatthelastleafonthetree.Weatherpermitting,I’llgothere.Beingill,shedidn’tgotoschool.Footballisplayedinmorethan80countries,makingitthemostpopularsport.39Justhavingadisabilitydoesn’tmeanyourlifeisnotsatisfying.中havingadisability是动名词做主语。动名词做主语可以用it作形式主语，但只限于以下句型It’snouse/gooddoingsthIt’sawasteoftimedoingsthIt’snousearguingwithBillbecausehewillneverchangehismind.Beingagoodteachermeanshardwork.动名词短语还可以在句中充当宾语，表语和定语。Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.Hedidn’tfinishdoinghiswork.指出是动名词作定语还是现在分词作定语awalkingsticktherisingsunaswimmingpoolthedevelopingcountries动名词的复合结构的基本构成也是动名词，也在句中充当主语，宾语，表语等；其构成为：（1）名词所有格（或形容词性物主代词）+动名词（2）名词普通格（或代词宾格）+动名词It’snouseyourpretendingthatyoudidn’tknowaboutit.Myfather’sbeingillworriedusgreatly.I’mquitecertainaboutElizabethkeepingherpromise.Isuggestthemhavingtheireyesexamined.Theirofferinghelpmovedusgreatly.Thenewsofthenewhotelcatchingfireshockedeveryone.IclearlyrememberDrMartinandhisassistantsavingthedyingsoldier.Whatmademeangrywasthestudentsfailingtodotheirduties.Idon’tmindthatbeingdonebyayoungman.40allinall(1)极其重要的，重于一切的，最关心的，最爱的Theywereallinalltoeachother.…极为关爱Allinall,headmittedhismistake.最重要的是他承认错误了。Musicishisallinall.音乐就是他的一切。(2)从各个方面考虑，从各方面来说，总的来说Allinall,heisaperfectman.Allinall,ithadbeenagreatsuccess.相关词组：（1）aboveall首要的，最重要地（2）afterall毕竟，终究(3)allalong始终，一直(4)allalone独自，独立的(5)allofasudden突然，突如其来（6）allatonce忽然，一下子（7）allthesame仍旧，尽管如此（8）allover遍及，到处，浑身（9）inall总共（10）notatall根本不，一点也不（11）firstofall首先41worth和worthyworth值，值得；常用于beworth结构中，其后常接名词和动名词（主动形式表被动意义）Thecityisworthasecondvisit.Thebookisworth20dollars.Thefilmisworthseeing.Hesaidlifewouldn’tbeworthlivingwithoutfriendship.他说人生若没有友情就不值得活下去了。beworth+doingThecityisworthvisiting.nThecityisworthavisit.beworthyofsth/ofbeingdone/tobedone值得做Heisawriterworthythename.ofbeingread.Thenovelisworthy.=Thenovelisworthreading.toberead42IamhappytohavefoundmanythingsIcandoreallywell.不定是有4种时态（1）一般式todoIhavealotofhomeworktodo.(2)完成式tohavedoneIamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.(3)进行时tobedoingTheyseemedtobegettingalongwell.Hepretendedtobereading.(4)完成进行式tohavebeendoingWearehappytohavebeenworkingwithyou.很高兴这段时间和你们一起工作43sitaround(同sitabout)闲坐着Theguyshavenothingtodobutsitaroundchatting.Intheyardchildrenareeverywheresittingaround.44make构成的短语：makemoneymakeaface/facesmakeintomakeafilmmakeprogressmakearecordmakeamistake/mistakesmakefriendswithmakeaplan/plansmakeadifferencemakeno/little/much…difference45amazing(adj)令人惊异的（事或物）amaze(vt)使惊奇，使惊讶amazed吃惊的（人）amazement（n）toone’samazement使某人感到诧异的是相关用法：表示人的情绪的一系列动词如：surprise,disappoint,satisfy,astonish,shock,delight,please,move等其基本用法与amaze相同；作为动词使用时都是及物动词，其后跟宾语；其形容词-ing形式表示“令人…..”,而-ed形式表“（人）感到……”;toone’s+n形式表示“使人感到…的是”常在句中做状语。Thenewswasso_thatallofuswere_atit.Aamazing;amazedBamazed,amazingCamazing,amazingDamazed,amazed(2)Tomsoundsverymuch_inthejob,butI’mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.AinterestedBinterestingCinterestinglyDinterestedly(3)__andhappy,Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.ASurprisingBSurprisedCBeingsurprisedDTobesurprised(4)Agoodstorydoesnotnecessarilyhavetohaveahappyending,butthereadermustnotbeleft____.AunsatisfiedBunsatisfyingCtobeunsatisfyingDbeingunsatisfied(5)__good,thefoodwassoldoutsoon.ATastingBTastedCBeingtastedDHavingbeentasted(6)___areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.ANotreceivingBReceivingnotCNothavingreceivedDHavingnotreceived46access(n)接近，进入，通道（常与to）机会，权利havenoaccesstoeducation没有受教育的机会Thelivingpeopleintheseapartmentshavefreeaccesstothatswimmingpool.Onlyhighofficialshadaccesstothepresident.Studentsmusthaveaccesstoagoodlibrary.accessible(adj)可使用的，可接近的，可进入的Youcanseethestarsonaclearnight,butinthedaytimetheyare_.AunavoidableBinvisibleCinaccessibleDunavailable47makeit约定时间，办到，办成Whenshallwestart?---Let’s__it8:30.Isitallright?AsetBmeetCmakeDtakemanageit意为“能行，能设法办到”，常用于Icanmanageit(myself).句型中Sticktoitandyou’llmakeit.Iwonderifyoucouldmakeitsomeothertime.类似用法：getit明白了，知道了putit说，表达meanit说话算数48dependon依靠，依赖，指望，视…而定，取决于我们不能永远依靠父母。________________________________dependonsbtodosth指望，依靠某人做某事That(all)depends.=It(all)depends.dependence(u)依靠，依赖dependable(adj)可靠的，可信赖的dependent(adj)依靠的，依赖的，反义词加inbedependenton依靠，取决于dependon+it+宾语从句，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的从句。类似用法like/dislike/hate;relyon,seeto…(负责，照顾)等Willyougotothecinematonight?I’mnotsure.Itall__.Whetherwecansucceedinholdingthepartyintheopenair_theweather.AreliesonBdependsonCdecideonDlinkswithWillyouseeto__thatmybirdsarewelllookedafterwhileI’maway.AthemByourselfCitDmeAswecansee,helikes__intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.AthisBitConeDthatHehatesitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthfull.49inparticular特别，尤其，相当于particularly(adv)particular(adj)特别的，特定的，讲究的，挑剔的fornoparticularreason无特别的理由beparticularabout/over讲究，挑剔Yourdaughterlooksso,she’sso__aboutwhatsheeats.AparticularBspeciallyCespeciallyDparticularly近义词辨析：(1)particularly,especially,与specially:particularly和especially都强调“尤其，特别”指程度而specially则强调“专门地，特别地”指目的。Icamehere_________toseeyou.Helikesswimming_________insummer.(2)inparticular与particularly都可用作状语，但二者在句中的位置不一样。具体如下：Ilikeallthefourseasons,springinparticular.=Ilikeallthefourseasons,particularlyspring.50ratherthan而不是，非，相当于andnot,用来连接前后两个平行结构。如代词、名词、形容词、动名词、介词短语、动词不定式、并列谓语动词、并列分句等。注：ratherthan连接并列名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词应与ratherthan前面的词在人称和数上保持一致。I,ratherthanyou,amgoingcamping.(1)Iwouldtaketheslowesttrain_byair.AratherthangoneBratherthangoCratherthantogoDratherthangoing(2)Ratherthan__onacrowedbus,healwaysprefers__abicycle.Aride,rideBriding,rideCride,torideDtoride,riding51wouldliketodosth想要做某事wouldliketodosth=wouldlovetodosth同wanttodosth,feellikedoingsth意思相近，但要注意后面的动词形式，feellikegoingtothecinema相似于wouldliketogotothecinemaI__togiveallmylifetothecauseofeducation.AwilllikeBwouldlikeCfeellikeDshalllike单句改错：（1）Iwouldlikebuyingthesamebikeasyours.(2)Ifeelliketostayathometonight.52Ittakessbsometimetodosth花费某人多少时间做某事。我花了3天时间看完了那本小说。_____________________近义词辨析：take,spend,cost,pay(1)take主语可以是人也可以是一件事，常跟双宾语，一般指花时间。(2)spend主语为人，与on或indoing连用。（3）cost主语为物,一般指花钱。cost还有“以…为代价，丧失…”之意其后常跟双宾语。（4）pay“付钱”，主语是人。常用于payfor或pay（sb）somemoneyforsth结构中。练习：（1）It__mehalfanhourtodothehousework.ApaidBtookCspentDcost(2)Hiscarelessdriving__himhislifelastyear.AcostBspentCpaidDtook(3)Therepairscostalot,butit’smoneywell__.AtospendBspentCbeingspentDspending用take,cost,pay,spend的适当形式填空：（1）Thewritingofthearticle______metwodays.(2)I_______7daysploughingthefields.(3)Thebike________me250dollars.(4)I_______5yuanforthemagazine53be+todo(1)beto+动词原形,这里表示将来的时态,有注定的意味。Heisnevertoseehiswifeagain.Hiscontinuouseffortistomakehimasuccessfulman.(2)beto+动词原形可以表示一种责任,需要,警告或命令的语气。Youaretobebackbefore10pm.Iamtoinformyouthatyourwifewaskilledintheaccident.Nooneistoleavethisbuilding.任何人不得离开这幢楼。Theformistobefilledinandreturnedwithinthreedays.beto+动词原形也可以表示一种不会改变的安排或意向。Theyaretobemarriednextmonth.TheconferenceistobeheldonMarch25th.ThepresidentistovisitAustralianextmonth.否定形式be(not)to+动词原形表示一种可能性。Thelostchildwasnottobefound.Hewasnottocomeontime.(5)用于条件句中“想要”Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavet