Unit 1 Reading 知识点课件-2023-2024学年高中英语牛津译林版(2020)选择性必修第二册

Languagepoints

Thetwonewsreportsandthearticlebelowencourageyoutobeacriticalnewsreader.这两篇新闻报道和下面的文章鼓励你成为一个批判性的新闻读者。

批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的

criticizev.批评；挑剔；评论criticn.评论家；批评家criticallyadv.极为重要地；严重地；批评地◆语块积累becriticalto对……起到关键的作用

becriticalabout对……挑剔，对……不满［2021·全国甲卷］AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund，theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500，givingtherhinosa“

（critical）endangered”status.

criticallyBeacriticalnewsreaderFirefightersquicklyputouttheHendersonTowerfirelastnight.Thefire，whichisthoughttohavestartedfromthe8thfloor，spreadquicklythroughthetowerblockonSundaynight，leavingpeopleontheupperfloorstrapped.周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的，很快蔓延到整座高层大楼，把高楼层的人们困在里面。para1扑灭被认为做了…/besaid/besupposed/bebelieved/beknown/bereported...+tohavedone［2018·北京卷］Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho

（trap）inthemountainsfortwodays.

hadbeentrapped

trapvt.使落入险境；卡住；绊住；设圈套n.陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境；◆语块积累betrappedin困在……中；陷入……中trapsb.into（doing）sth.诱使某人做某事；使某人困于某物中lay/setatrap（forsb.）（给某人）设下圈套fall/walkintoatrap落入圈套Fearsgrewthatthenumberofdeathscouldreach5，accordingtofigures_________(release)byemergencyservices.根据应急服务机构发布的数据，人们越来越担心死亡人数会达到5人。。para1…的数量released

releasevt.发布；释放；松开；发泄；解除

n.释放；发行；排放，泄漏；解除；新电影◆写出句中release的词性及词义④It’ssaidhehasalreadybeenreleasedfromduty.⑤Thenewtradefigureshavejustbeenreleased.⑥AftermyexaminationIhadafeelingofrelease.动词，解除动词，发布名词，释放

Fireenginesandambulances,______(call)at9:30p.m.,reachedthescenewithin15minutes.Bythistime,thefirehadextendedtothe15thfloor.Firefightersgotthesituationundercontrolaround11p.m.Thereisconcernthattheconstructioncompanythatbuiltthetowerblockhadnotfollowedfiresafetyrules.截至此时，火势已蔓延到十六楼。消防员在晚上11点左右控制住了局面。para1消防车和救护车calledextendvi.&vt.延伸（距离）；扩大；延长；伸展（→extensionn.延长；伸展；延期

·extend指长度、宽度的延伸及时间的延长；·expand指范围、体积的扩大、膨胀；·spread指物种、疾病、思想、文化等的传播、延伸。n.建筑，建造；建造物（→constructvt.建造，建筑constructiveadj.建设性的；积极的）◆语块积累underconstruction在建造中；正在施工之中

◆说明“under+n.”常表示正在进行的动作，而且包含被动含义，相当于进行时的被动语态。underrepair在修理中 underobservation在监视中underconsideration在考虑中 undertreatment在治疗中underdiscussion在讨论中◆单句语法填空①Anewhydro-electricpowerstationis

construction.②Youngpeopleshouldmakeacontributiontothe

（construct）oftheirmotherland.③Shecriticizedmywriting，butinawaythatwasvery

（construct）—Ilearnedalotfromher.under

construction

constructive核心短语(News1)扑灭大火(L1)人们认为某人做过某事(L2)人们认为某人将做某事...的数量(L5)此时，到这时，到现在(L7)延伸至；扩至(L8)使形式处于控制之下(L8)putoutafire辨：（火）熄灭gooutItisthought/believedthatsbdidsth=Sbbethought/believedtohavedonesthItisthought/believedthatsbwilldosth=Sbbethought/believedtodosththenumberof辨：anumberofgetthesituationundercontrolbythistimeextendtoDeadlyfireintowerblockcausesseriousdamageAterriblefirebrokeoutonSundaynight,________(leave)theHendersonTowerseriouslydamaged.Emergencyservicesestimatethatthenumberofdeathscouldreach9.Bythismorning,4peoplehavebeenconfirmeddead.Thefirehasalsoleftdozensofpeopleinjured,5of_________areinacriticalcondition.para1爆发许多；十来个预估确认leaving

whom

◆语块积累adozen（of）一打 dozensof（=lotsof）许多，很多

◆说明dozen由a，afew，some，many，several及具体数字修饰时，dozen用单数，后接可数名词复数。twodozenoftheeggs两打鸡蛋◆单句语法填空Hegavemeadozen

rosesformybirthday.Hewrotealotofnovels，

（dozen）ofwhichwereregardedasmasterpieces.of

dozens

LisaMayer,29,isamongtheluckyoneswhoonlysufferedminorinjuries.Sherecalled,“Iwasabouttohaveabath

______Iheardpeoplescreaminganddogsbarking.Ilookedoutsideandthesmokewaschokingme.Itwaslikeanawfuldream.”para1vi.&vt.尖叫；高声喊；发出大而尖的声音n.尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音vt.&vi.（使）窒息；（使）哽咽，（尤指感情激动而）说不出话来cry，call，shout，yell等词也有“喊叫”的含义。when

◆语块积累chokeback抑制chokeup（因感情激动而）哽咽；堵塞choketodeath噎死；窒息而死bechokedwith被……堵塞◆单句语法填空①Somemajorroadsareregularlychoked

trafficinrushhours.②Istoodtheretremblingandtryingtochoke

thetears.③Theworkerquicklyclearedawaythedirtthatwaschoking

thechimney.with

back

up MrPeterson,headofthefiredepartment,confirmsthatadroppedcigaretteendonacarpetofthe8thfloorstartedthefireand_____theautomaticfirealarmsdidnotgooffquicklyenoughtopreventthedisaster.Ateamiscurrentlyinvestigatingtheaccidentfurther.para2警报响起香烟自动的调查that

译文:彼得森先生是消防部门负责人,他证实,一根掉落在8楼地毯上的香烟头引发了这场火灾,______________________________________________。并且自动火警警报没有及时响起,未能阻止这场灾难Longsentenceanalysis.automatic

adj.自动的；无意识的，不假思索的［→automaticallyadv.自动地；机械地auton.汽车（=automobile）］investigate

vt.&vi.侦查，调查；研究（→investigationn.

调查investigatorn.调查者；研究者）核心短语(News2)爆发；突发

(L1)很多，许多

(L4)情况危急

(L4)

受轻伤

(L5)就要做某事时突然

(L6)警报器/闹钟响起;电/灯熄灭；进展

(L11)breakoutinacriticalconditioninacriticalconditionsufferminorinjuriesbeabouttodo…when…gooffReadingnewsreportscriticallyWerelyonnewstolearnabout_____ishappeningintheworldaroundus.However,weusuallyfindthatreportsonthesameeventscontaindifferentorevencontradictoryinformation.Howdothesedifferencescomeabout?para1依靠counton/dependon◆语块积累comeacross偶然遇见；

comealong（with）（和……）一起去cometo总计为；达到……地步；苏醒 comeout出现；出版；开花comeupwith提出；想出；赶上whenitcomesto...就……而论（to是介词）◆单句语法填空①Whenwillyouressaycome

?②Afterlisteningtothelecture，hecameup

agoodsolution.③Icame

manynewwordswhilereadingthenovel.④Thefloodcame

asaresultoftheheavyspringrain.出现包括；抑制矛盾的out

with

across

aboutwhat

Itisadvisabletorememberthatjournalistsmayhavedifferentpriorities,whichwouldinfluencehowtheyreportanevent.Let’stakethetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfireasanexample.Wecanseethatthefirstnewsreportpaysmoreattentiontotherescueefforts,whilethesecondtalksmoreaboutdeathsandinjuries.Whenwereadmorethanonereport,wecometounderstandaneventinamorecomprehensiveway.para2全面的以...为例优先权；优先明智的；可取的priority

n.优先事项，首要事情；优先权，重点→prioradj.优先的；在前的；更重要的◆语块积累atoppriority最优先考虑的事givepriorityto给……以优先权bepriorto在……之前◆单句语法填空（1）Thingsshouldbetakenupinorderof（prior）.（2）Pleasecheckinhalfanhourprior

departure.priority

to

Evenifnewsreportsarewrittenfrombasicallythesameperspective,theymaycontradicteachotherintermsoffactualdetails,aseventsintherealworldareusuallycomplicatedandconstantlychanging.Forinstance,thenumbersofdeathsdifferinthetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfire.Whenwecomeacrosssuch_______(fact)differences,weshouldnotrushtotheconclusionthatoneofthenewsreportsgivesfalseinformation.Instead,checkwhenthereports_________(write).Newsreportswrittenatdifferentstagesofaneventcouldcontaindifferentinformationasnewfactsarebroughttolight.para3彼此矛盾就…而言复杂的即使eventhough观念连续不断地揭露；披露factual

werewritten译文:___________________________________,它们在事实细节方面也可能相互矛盾,因为现实世界中的事件通常是复杂的和不断变化的。即使新闻报道是从基本相同的角度写的Longsentenceanalysis.contradict

vt.

相矛盾，相反；反驳，驳斥→contradictionn.矛盾；反驳；不一致contradictoryadj.矛盾的◆说明contradict是及物动词，其后不能用介词with。◆语块积累incontradictionto同……相矛盾 becontradictoryto与……相矛盾 self-contradictory自相矛盾的◆单句语法填空①Thestudentapologisedtohisteacherfor（contradict）him.③Hispublicspeechesarecontradictory

hispersonallifestyle.contradicting

toinstance◆语块积累forinstance例如，比如inthisinstance在此情况下inthefirstinstance首先，最初giveaninstanceof举例说明◆单句语法填空①Canyouquoteme

instanceofwhenthishappened?②Moststates，

instance，haveabloodtestrequirement，butafewdonot.③Inmost

（instance）thepainsoongoesaway.④Thisproblemseemedtobecomplex

thefirstinstance，butitcouldbeeasilysolved.an

for

instances

indiffer◆语块积累differfrom与……不同/有区别differin在……方面不同bedifferentfrom/to与……不同makeadifference有影响，有作用makeadifferencetooureverydaylife对我们每天的生活有影响◆单句语法填空（5）Shediffers

hersisterinthecolourofeyes.（6）Hispublicimageisvery

（differ）fromtherealperson.（7）Whatmattersisthatyoumakea

（differ）inpeople’slives.from

different

differenceconclusion◆语块积累cometo/draw/reachaconclusion得出结论inconclusion最后conclude...from从……中得出/推断出……conclude...with...以……结束……

◆单句语法填空①Sofar，nofinal

（conclude）hasbeenreachedonthismatter.②Theexpertconcludedhissummary

anoldChinesesaying.conclusion

withbring

sth.

to

light

揭露，披露◆语块积累bringabout导致；引起bringback带回来；使记起；使恢复bringin介绍；带进；引入；赚取bringup提出；教养；养育；呕出Anotheraspectworthyofmentionisthatjournalistsmayapproachinformationtheygetfromresearchorinterviewsdifferently.Supposeemergencyservices’estimatesofthenumberofdeathsvarybetween5and9.Journalistsmaychoosetopresenttheminimum,themaximumorsomethinginbetweenintheirnewsreports.Therefore,checkingdifferentsourcesenablesustodrawamore__________(inform)conclusion.para3接近；靠近；方法值得一提assume假设informed

Tosumup,itiswisetoreadnewsreportswrittenfromvariousperspectivesandatdifferentstages,_______bringsusamoreaccurateunderstandingofasituation.Wealsoneedtobecriticalabouttheinformationwereceiveandremembernottoblindlytrust_____wehaveread.Thoughjournalistsarecommittedtopresentingthetruth,itisbettertouseourownjudgementthanrelyentirelyonnewsreports.Withgreatdiscrimination,everyoneofushasthepotential_____(be)acriticalnewsreader.para4总结which

what

辨别力tobe

Tosumup,itiswisetoread...(line23)(1)sumup

总结;概述;计算……的总数tosumup 总之;概括地说(2)insum 总之;总而言之alargesumof 一大笔;大量的similarexpressionsallinallinawordinshort/briefinconclusion/toconcludeinsummary/tosummarizeThoughjournalistsarecommittedtopresentingthetruth,...

commitv.承诺,保证;犯(罪);花(钱或时间);全身心投入;忠于commit-committed-commitment(1)becommittedto(doing)sth.承诺,保证(做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等)commit(oneself)tosb./sth.忠于(某个人、机构等);全心全意投入

(工作、活动等)commitacrime 犯罪;犯法(2)commitmentn. 承诺;委托;承担义务;献身makeacommitment 承诺①Hedidn’tcommit_______(he)toanything.②His________________(commit)toeducationhasearnedrespectfromallfields.③Theycommittedto__________(preserve)therichheritageofthewest-stylehouse.(2)同义替换Fathermadeacommitmentthathewouldgivemeacomputerasabirthdaypresent.______________

himselfcommitmentpreservingmadeapromise核心短语(Page2)依赖；凭借；信赖(para1)发生；产生做某事是可取的

(para2)以……为例全面地依据；按照；在…方面(para3)例如偶遇；无意中发现；讲得清楚明白仓促下结论在不同时期/时期rely/depend/countentirelyoncomeaboutItisadvisabletodosthtakesthasanexampleinacomprehensivewayintermsofforinstance/examplecomeacrossrushtotheconclusionatdifferentstages显露；暴露出来；成为人所共知值得一提在A和B之间变化总之；概括地说(para4)从不同的角度更准确的理解致力于擅长；善于；精通对……的准确描述对……有天生的好奇心sth.bebroughttolightworthyofmentionvarybetweenAandBTosumup;Insummary;Toconclude;InconclusionfromvariousperspectiveshaveanaturalcuriosityaboutamoreaccurateunderstandingbecommittedtobeskilledatanaccurateaccountofFurtherConsolidationonthetext.Werelyonnewstolearnaboutwhatishappeningintheworldaroundus.1._________,weusuallyfindthatreportsonthesameeventscontaindifferentorevencontradictoryinformation.Itisadvisabletorememberthatjournalistsmayhavedifferent2._________(priority).Evenifnewsreportsarewrittenfrom3._________(basic)thesameperspective,theymaycontradicteachotherintermsoffactualdetails.Socheckwhenthereportswerewritten.Newsreports4._________(write)atdifferentstagesofaneventcouldcontaindifferentinformationasnewfacts5.___________(bring)tolight.writtenarebroughtHoweverbasicallyprioritiesAnotheraspectworthyofmentionisthatjournalistsmayapproachinformationtheygetfromresearchorinterviewsdifferently.Therefore,checkingdifferentsources6._________(enable)ustodrawamoreinformedconclusion.In7.__________(conclude)itiswisetoreadnewsreportswrittenfromvariousperspectivesandatdifferentstages,whichbringsusamoreaccurateunderstandingofasituation.Wealsoneedtobecriticalabouttheinformationwereceiveandremembernottoblindlytrust8.______wehaveread.Thoughjournalistsarecommittedto9._________(present)thetruth,itisbettertouseourownjudgement10._______relyentirelyonnewsreports.conclusionwhatpresentingenable