计算机专业英语1省名师优质课赛课获奖课件市赛课一等奖课件

Unit2ComputerHardware《计算机专业英语》郭敏徐莹杨阳第1页Unit2ComputerHardwareSection1SituationalDialogShoppingforaComputerSection2PassagesPassageA.AGuideonTheMainComponentsInaPCPassageB.IntroducingCommonPeripheralsSection3SkillinFocusReadingSkills

Part2—CharacteristicsofComputerEnglishVocabularyCharacteristicsofComputerEnglishTextSection4ExtendedReadingPartIIIofCommencementSpeechatStanfordGivenbySteveJobsIntelSettlesAntitrustAMDCasefor$1.2bnABriefRundownofWhatYouNeedInALaptopTips:UpgradeYourPCwithaNewGraphicsCard

第2页Unit2ComputerHardwareSection1SituationalDialogueShoppingforaComputer1、你购置过计算机吗？描述一下你购置过程以及你电脑配置。或者假如你打算购置，你会买一台什么配置电脑。2、你以为购置计算机时候应该考虑哪些原因？第3页Unit2Section1

ChenHongplanstobuyacomputerandsheisaskingMr.Liforsuggestions.

ChenHong:Excuseme,Mr.Li.I’mplanningtobuyacomputer.Iwonderifyoucouldgivemesomeadvice.Mr.Li:Sure.Itwouldbebetterifyou’vegotabudget.Whichdoyouprefer,adesktoporlaptop?Andwhatdoyouwantitfor?

ChenHong:I’dliketospendabout4,000yuanonadesktop,withwhichIcouldlearnaboutimageprocessingsoftwareandsearchsomeinformationonline.Besides,I’dreallylovetowatchsomeblockbustersinmysparetime.Iknowabrandedcomputerisabetterchoiceforalaymanlikemesinceanassembledonedoesnotensuregoodservices.IwenttothePCMalltheotherdayandbroughtbacktheseleaflets.Wouldyoupleaseselectoneforme?第4页Unit2Section1Mr.Li:OK.Letmetakealook.…Mr.Li:Irecommendthisone.Yousee,itenjoysagoodCPUandanindependentGraphicscard,suitableforimageprocessing.Its22indisplaywith1080pfullHDcapabilityisidealforvideowatching.Mostimportantly,thepriceiscompetitive.ChenHong:Theretaileralsooffersspeakers,aUSBflashdrive,acameraandatabletfreeofcharge,andtheRAMcanbeupgradedconsiderablyfor100yuanmore.Mr.Li:That’simpressive.SurftheInternetandyoucanlearnalotabouthardwarefromthisshoppingexperience.ChenHong:That’squitetrue!Thankyouverymuchforyouradvice!

第5页Unit2ComputerHardwareSection2PassageA：AGuideontheMainComponentsinaPC1、计算机是由哪些组件组成2、选择一个你最熟悉硬件向同学们介绍第6页Unit2Section2PassageAcomponentbinaryinteractmotherboardRAMROMBIOSBUSO/IHarddisksectorFATCD-ROMDVD-ROMburningexpansioncardmodemanaloguetranslatorgraphicscardACDC第7页Unit2Section2PassageAHistorically,acomputerisanydevicethatcanstoreandprocessdata.Todayitusuallyreferstoanelectronicdevicewithcircuitsthatallowfordatatobemanipulatedinbinaryform.Sothemaincomponentsaresoftware(programstoprocessdata)andhardware(devicesusedforthestoringandprocessingofthatdata).Andlastly,anarrayofcomponentsforhumanstointeractwiththeelectronicdata“machine.”第8页Unit2Section2PassageAModerncomputersusuallycontainthefollowingcomponents:MotherboardsCPUMemoryO/IPortsHardDiskCD-ROM/DVD-ROMDriveExpansionCardsPowerSupply第9页Unit2Section2PassageAMotherboardsThemotherboardisheartofthecomputer,withallofitsconnectionsleadingoutfromitselfandintoeverydeviceinthemachine.WhenyouopenaPCyou’llseetheMotherboardwillmorethanlikelycoverthewholeofonesideofthePC.Itisaveryimportantpartofthesystemsinceeverythinghastobeconnectedtoit,everythingthereforehastobecompatiblewithit.Thespeedoftheconnectionsthatrunfromeachcomponenttothemotherboardcanalsohaveapositiveornegativeeffectonthesystem.

第10页Unit2Section2PassageACPUTheCPU(CentralProcessingUnit)isoftenreferredtoasthe“brain”ofthecomputer.Althoughitisarguedamongstmanypeopleweatherornotthisisthemostimportantpartofthecomputer,itisstilloneofthemostsignificantpiecesofhardwareinsidethecase.However,itisnottosaythatbymerelybuyinganewCPUyouwillbespeedingupthecomputer,whichisacommonmistakemadebyuserswhodon’tseethecomputerasa“whole”butasitsdifferentcomponents.TheCPUworksindirectharmonywithallotherpartsofthesystem.TheimpactofaCPUwillbegreatlyreducedifthemotherboardhasaslowBUSspeed.

第11页Unit2Section2PassageAMemoryTheMemoryofthecomputercomesundertwosections,theRAM(RandomAccessMemory)andtheROM(ReadOnlyMemory).Thedifferencebetweenthetwoisthat,RAMisvolatile(whichmeansthatwhentheworkstationpowersdownorswitchesoffthenthecontentsofthememoryiscleared)andROMisnot.TheROMisalsoknownastheBIOS(BasicInputOutputSystem).MemoryasinRAMisveryimportanttothecomputer,especiallyifthisparticularcomputerisgoingtobeworkingwithalotoflargefilesandprograms.HoweverontheotherhandROMisnotveryimportant;theBIOSversionwrittenontoitisthemostrecent(orafairlyrecent)version.

第12页Unit2Section2PassageAO/IPortsO/IPorts(Output/InputPorts)coversallofthesockets,commonlyatthebackofthePC.TheseportsareintendedforyoutopluginexternalhardwaresuchasaprinteroramouseintoyourPC.WithoutthemtheuserwouldbeunabletointerfacewiththePC.Theywork,forthemostpart,bybeingconnectedintothemotherboard.Mostofthesearenowadaysautomaticallydetectedassoonasweplugthemintotheslotthereforemakingiteasytojustpluginadeviceandbeabletouseitrightaway.

第13页Unit2Section2PassageAHardDiskThisisthemainstoragedeviceonallPCscapableofholdinghugeprogramsandfilesizes.InsidetheHardDiskthereisaread/writeheadthatdoesallofthereadingandwritingfromthedisk.Thisread/writeheadmagnetizessomethingknownassectorsontheHardDisk;ifasectorfillsupthentheread/writeheadwillmoveontoanothersector,nomatterwhereonthediskandcontinuewriting.TheHardDiskhasaspecialareaonitknownastheFAT(FileAllocationTable),whichtellstheread/writeheadwhereallthepiecesofinformationitneedsare.

第14页Unit2Section2PassageAHardDisk

Howeverifaread/writeheadhastokeepmovingaroundthedisktogettheinformationitneedsinsteadofbeingintheoneplace,itwillslowthingsdown.Tocounterthis,programslikeDiskDefragmentersareusedtoputallofthedatatogetherandthereforeimproveaccesstimesontheHardDisk.

第15页Unit2Section2PassageACD-ROM/DVD-ROMDriveTheCD-ROMandtheDVD-ROMdrivesareverypopularmethodsofdatastorage.ItisessentialforalmostallcomputersnowadaystohaveaccesstoaCD-ROMdriveintheveryleast,especiallyatabusinesslevel.Theyworkinaverysimilarwaytotheharddiskdriveinthesensethattheyarereadandwrittento,howeverthisjobisdonewithalaserandthetermforwritingtoaCDorDVDisoftenreferredtoas“burning”.DVD-ROMsworkinexactlythesamewayasCD-ROMS,theonlydifferencebeingthatDVD-ROMscontainalotmoredata.第16页Unit2Section2PassageAExpansionCardsExpansioncardsarethecardsinsideofthePCthatareusefulforperformingspecificfeatures.Forexample,theinternalmodemtakescareofspeakingtoananaloguelineforthecomputerandactsasatranslatorforthecomputerandthephoneline,andagraphicscardallowsyoutodealwithhighqualitymedia.Expansioncardsareparamountforfine-tuningthesystem.Theyarethepartsofthemachinethatmakeittrulycustomizable.第17页Unit2Section2PassageAPowerSupplyThepowersupplysuppliespowertothewholesystem.Isthepartofthecomputerthatishookeddirectlyintothemains.Duetothecapacitorsandotherelectronicsinsideofthem,theyarenormallyverydangerousevenwhendisconnectedfromthemains,andarealmostcompletelynonuser-serviceable.ThepowersupplytakestheACpowerfromthewallsocketandconvertsitintoDCpowerbecauseACcurrentisliabletodamagethedelicateinnardsofthePC.第18页Unit2Section2PassageAPowerSupplyApowersupplyisanotheressentialpart.Theonlythingyouwillbelikelytogetdifferentonapowersupplyistheamountofwattageoutandtheamountofconnectorsthatitwillallowout.第19页Unit2Section2PassageAExercisesI1.______isheartofthecomputer,withallofitsconnectionsleadingoutfromitselfandintoeverydeviceinthemachine.A.ThemotherboardB.TheCPUC.TheharddiskD.ThepowersupplyA第20页Unit2Section2PassageAExercisesI2.Theimpactofa______willbegreatlyreducedifthemotherboardhasaslowBUSspeed.A.O/IPortB.CPUC.memoryD.harddisk

B第21页Unit2Section2PassageAExercisesI

3.______isthemainstoragedeviceonallPCscapableofholdinghugeprogramsandfilesizes.A.TheROMB.TheRAMC.TheDVD-ROMdriveD.TheHardDisk

D第22页Unit2Section2PassageAExercisesI4.Thetermfor______aCDorDVDisoftenreferredtoas“burning”A.readingB.checkingC.writingtoD.moving

C第23页Unit2Section2PassageAExercisesII1.CPU2.PowerSupply3.I/OPorts4.CD-ROM5.FAT6.Memory7.HardDisk8.BIOS9.Motherboard10.ExpansionCard()a.扩展卡()b.内存()c.中央处理器()d.文件配置表()e.硬盘()f.基本输入输出系统()g.输入/输出端口()h.只读光盘()i.主板()j.电源12345678910第24页Unit2Section2PassageAExercisesIIIretaincomputermemorystoredevicedominance

Thefirstharddisk,createdbyIBMin1956,weighedoveratonnebutcould1._________only5MBoffiles.Modernharddisksaresmaller,cheaperandtypicallystore100,000timesmoredata.TheharddiskisaninvaluablepartofaPCbecause,unlikeacomputer’smain2._________,whichiswipedwhenthe3._________isturnedoff,theharddiskwill4._________fileswhenthereisnopowerrunningthroughthecomputer.Theyhavealsofoundtheirwayintootherdevicesincludingportablemediaplayers,camcordersanddigital(Freeview)TVrecorders.However,theharddisk’s5._________overourcomputersisnowbeingthreatenedbyanentirelydifferentstorage6._________­theSolid-StateDisk(SSD).SSDsarebuiltwithFlashmemory,thesameasisusedinadigitalcamera’smemorycard,whichmakesthemmuchfasterthanharddisks.storememorycomputerretaindominancedevice第25页Unit2ComputerHardwareSection2PassageBIntroducingCommonPeripheral1、你以为计算机外围设备指是什么，请举例说明2、找一个你熟悉外围设备向同学们介绍第26页Unit2Section2PassageBperipheralperformhandleOAUSBflashscannerfaxmachinestoragedevicefloppydiskcapacitytextdigitalimage3Dillustrationsdaisy-wheelprinterdot-matrixprinterink-jetprinterlaserprinterLCDLEDMFPAIOMFDMP3MP4DVDCPSPaudioWMAscreenvideoUMD第27页Unit2Section2PassageBAperipheralisanobjectattachedtothecomputertohelpitperformsomenecessaryassignmentsnoneoftheotherpartscanhandle.Inmostscenarios,noperipheralisrequiredbutnowadays,itisunusualforacomputernottohaveanyperipheralatall.BelowaresomeofthecommonperipheralsusedforOfficeAutomation(OA)andforentertainment.OfficeAutomationisageneraltermthatincludesawiderangeofapplicationsofcomputer,communicationandinformationtechnologiesinofficeenvironments.ThemostusedperipheralsforOAaretheUSBflash,ascanner,theprinter,theFaxmachine,etc.

第28页Unit2Section2PassageBAUSBflashdriveconsistsofflashmemorydatastoragedeviceintegratedwithaUSB(UniversalSerialBus)1.1or2.0interface.Itisusedforthesamepurposesasfloppydisksbutsmaller,faster,moredurable,andwiththousandsoftimesmorecapacity.Storagecapacitiesincanbeaslargeas256GBwithsteadyimprovementsinsizeandpricepercapacity.第29页Unit2Section2PassageBAscannerisadevicethatopticallyscansimages,printedtext,handwriting,oranobject,andconvertsittoadigitalimage.Ascannerworksbydigitizinganimage--dividingitintoagridofboxesandrepresentingeachboxwitheitherazerooraone,dependingonwhethertheboxisfilledin.Theresultingmatrixofbits,calledabitmap,canthenbestoredinafile,displayedonascreen,andmanipulatedbyprograms.Commonexamplesaretheflatbedscanners,thehand-heldscanners,and3Dscanners.

第30页Unit2Section2PassageBAprinterisadevicethatprintstextorillustrationsonpaper.Therearemanydifferenttypesofprinters.Intermsofthetechnologyutilized,printerscanbeclassifiedintodaisy-wheelprinterswhichproduceletter-qualityprintbutcannotprintgraphics,dot-matrixprinterswhichcreatecharacterswithdotsmadebystrikingpinsagainstaninkribbon,ink-jetprinterswhichpraysinkatasheetofpapertoproducehigh-qualitytextandgraphics,laserprinterswhichusethesametechnologyascopymachinesandproduceveryhighqualitytextandgraphics,LCD&LEDprinterswhichuseliquidcrystalsorlight-emittingdiodestoproduceanimageonthedrum,lineprinterswhichcontainachainofcharactersorpinsthatprintanentirelineatonetime,andthermalprintersthatworkbypushingheatedpinsagainstheat-sensitivepaper.

第31页Unit2Section2PassageBAfaxmachineisadevicethatcansendorreceivepicturesandtextoveratelephoneline.Faxmachinesworkbydigitizinganimage--dividingitintoagridofdots.Eachdotiseitheronoroff,dependingonwhetheritisblackorwhite.Electronically,eachdotisrepresentedbyabitthathasavalueofeither0(off)or1(on).Inthisway,thefaxmachinetranslatesapictureintoaseriesofzerosandones(calledabitmap)thatcanbetransmittedlikenormalcomputerdata.

第32页Unit2Section2PassageBAnMFP(MultiFunctionProduct/Printer/Peripheral),multifunctional,all-in-one(AIO),orMultifunctionDevice(MFD),isanofficemachinewhichincorporatesthefunctionalityofmultipledevicesinone,soastohaveasmallerfootprintinahomeorsmallbusinesssetting,ortoprovidecentralizeddocumentmanagement/distribution/productioninalarge-officesetting.AtypicalMFPmayactasacombinationofprinter,scanner,photocopier,andfax.第33页Unit2Section2PassageBThemostusedperipheralsforentertainmentincludeMP3players,MP4players,DC,DV,andPSP,etc.AnMP3playerisaportableconsumerelectronicdevicethatallowsyoutostoreandplaysmusicfilesinMP3format.MP3playersaresmallhandhelddevicesandoftenuseflashmemoryforstoringMP3files.WhilefrequentlycalledanMP3player,itfitsunderthebroadercategoryofdigitalaudioplayersandoftenanMP3playerscanuseotherfiletypessuchasWindowsMediaAudio(WMA).

第34页Unit2Section2PassageBThenameMP4playerisamarketingtermforportablemediaplayersthatcomplywithcertainstandardsandformats.Thenameitselfisamisnomer,sincemostMP4playersareincompatiblewiththeMPEG-4Part14orthemp4containerformat.Instead,thetermsymbolizestheirstatusassuccessorsofMP3players.Inthissense,insomemarketslikeBrazil,anynewfunctionaddedtoagivenmediaplayerisfollowedbyanincreaseinthenumber,soitispossibletofind“MP5Players”andeven“MP12Players”第35页Unit2Section2PassageBAdigitalcamera(alsodigicamorcameraforshort)isacamerathattakesvideoorstillphotographs,orboth,digitallybyrecordingimagesviaanelectronicimagesensor.Digitalcamerascandisplayimagesonascreenimmediatelyaftertheyarerecorded,storethousandsofimagesonasinglesmallmemorydevice,recordvideowithsound,anddeleteimagestofreestoragespace.Somecancroppicturesandperformotherelementaryimageediting.Fundamentallytheyoperateinthesamemannerasfilmcameras,buttheimagepickupdeviceiselectronicratherthanchemical.第36页Unit2Section2PassageBDVisaformatforrecordingandplayingbackdigitalvideo.Itwaslaunchedin1995withjointeffortsofleadingproducersofvideocamerarecorders.ThePlayStationPortable(PSP)isahandheldgameconsolemanufacturedandmarketedbySonyComputerEntertainment.Itisthefirsthandheldvideogameconsoletouseanopticaldiscformat,UniversalMediaDisc(UMD),asitsprimarystoragemedium.Otherdistinguishingfeaturesoftheconsoleincludeitslargeviewingscreen,robustmulti-mediacapabilities,andconnectivitywiththePlayStation3,otherPSPs,andtheInternet.第37页Unit2Section2PassageBExercisesI1.()Inmostscenarios,noperipheralisrequiredbutnowadays,soitisusualforacomputernottohaveanyperipheralatall.2.()Dot-matrixprinterscreatecharacterswithdotsmadebystrikingpinsagainstaninkribbon.3.()Afax-machineisadevicethatopticallyscansimages,printedtext,handwriting,oranobject,andconvertsittoadigitalimage.4.()Ink-jetprinterswhichproduceletter-qualityprintbutcannotprintgraphics.5.()MP4playersarecompatiblewiththeMPEG-4Part14orthemp4containerformat.6.()AnMP3playeronlyallowsyoutostoreandplaysmusicfilesinMP3format.

FTFFFF第38页Unit2Section2PassageBExercisesII1.Aperipheralisanobject____________thecomputertohelpitperformsome____________noneoftheotherpartscanhandl