新人教版选择性必修二词汇课件Unit 1 Science And Scientist-核心词

词汇课堂版本：新人教单元：选择性必修Book2Unit1重难点词handle句子副词英语释义辨析义blamecast搭配义一词多义一词多义defend辨析义搭配义

fault

前缀

multi-&

否定前缀suspect一词多义link一词多义pour一词多义suspectThelawsIlove,thelawyersIsuspect.——CharlesChurchill西方人向来不乏对律师的揶揄之词。这句话译作“我热爱法律，但我怀疑律师。”说到怀疑，我们很容易想到doubt，这里为什么用suspect呢？doubt和suspect有什么区别呢?suspect

v[不用于进行时]

vt&vi猜想；怀疑

tobelievethatsthmayhappenorbetrue：Thedoctorssuspectedcancer.Shestronglysuspectedhe

waslyingtoher.She’snotgoingtobeveryhappyaboutthis,Isuspect.

vt怀疑（某人有罪）tothinkthatsbisprobablyguiltyofacrime：suspect

sbof(doing)sth:Theysuspecthimofatheft.Thepolicemansuspectedhimofkillingthegirl.认为某事（尤为坏事）可能真实或可能发生，但尚无确切依据。n[C]嫌疑犯；可疑分子：questionasuspectadj

不可信的；可疑的：asuspectpackagesuspect：tobelievethatsthbadmayhappenormay

betrue认为某事会发生，尚缺少依据

Thepolicemansuspectedherofstealingthewallet.辨析suspect，doubtdoubt：tothink

thatsthmaynotbetrueorthatitisunlikely不确定某事或者认为某事不可能

Idoubt

if

itwillraintomorrow.AJokeTeacher:Betty,youmadesomanymistakesinyourexercises,surelyyourmotherwillblame

you!Betty:

Blamemeforthem?Oh,no.Onthecontrary,sheistoblame,becauseitwasshethatdidmyhomeworkinstead.vt

责备；把……归咎于

tosayorthinkthatsb/sthisresponsibleforsthbad:You’vefailedtodowhatyouwereexpectedtoandI’mafraidtheteacherwillblameyou.2010四川①blamesb/sthfor(doing)sth:Whilewecan’tchangethebodytypewearebornwith,wecan’tblameourgenesformakingusfat.2014重庆Onceyouformthehabitofblamingsomebodyorsomethingelseforabadsituation,youarealoser.2010广东blame

②blamesthonsb/sth:Policeareblamingtheaccidentondangerousdriving.【常见搭配】betoblame(forsth)（对某事）负有责任：It’sallmyfault.I’mtoblame.Whoistoblameforthefire?n

[U]（对错误/坏事应负的）责任；责备responsibilityforamistakeorsthbad：take/beartheblameWheredoestheblame

for

ourfailurelie?Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andput

the

blame

on

thealarmclock.2017全国同义异构：beresponsibleforhandle由“hand+le”构成，词源义与hand息息相关，其衍生义也与hand有关联。动词handle的词源义是“(用手)触；碰；拿”，可根据英语释义中的withhands来理解该释义。如何理解handle的基本义handle

n[C]柄；把手：TeainChinawastraditionallydrunkfromcupswithouthandles.2013

全国turnadoorhandlehandle

v

vt

(用手)触；碰；拿

totouchorholdsthwithyourhand(s)：Washyourhandsbeforeyouhandlefood.Fragile.Handlewithcare!handle的词源义，根据withyourhand(s)来理解

vt&vi操纵；驾驭

tocontrolavehicle,ananimal,etc.：Drivingacarisnotjusthandlingcontrolsandjudgingspeedanddistance.2011福建Pricedatover$120,000,thecarhandles

perfectly

wellandhasgreatspeedacceleration.2012重庆改

vt

处理；应付

todealwithasituation,aperson,etc.：Wemustlearntohandleconflictscalmlyandwisely.

2012

江苏书面表达表示“处理；解决”的表达有哪些？1.说实话，我有信心能处理这个问题。高考链接：一句多译Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcanhandle

theproblem.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcandealwith

theproblem.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcanapproach

theproblem.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcanaddress

theproblem.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcanmanage

theproblem.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcancopewith

theproblem.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcan

tackle

theproblem.2.说实话，我有信心能解决这一难题。高考链接：一句多译Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcansolve

thedifficulty.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcansettle

thedifficulty.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcanresolve

thedifficulty.Frankly/Honestlyspeaking,I’mconfidentthatIcanworkout

thedifficulty.handle语义网络图handlenv与hand息息相关把手；柄处理；应付（“掌”握局势、人、工作或情感）（用手）触；碰；拿

（词源义）操纵；驾驭（用“手”接触车辆、动物、工具等以控制）根据所给汉语，在空白处填入适当的短语。1.Scientistshaveestablishedapossible________________________________________________（癌症和日常饮食之间的联系）.2.Theproblemsoftheeconomy___________________________________________________（与一些社会问题密切相关）.connection/linklinkbetweencanceranddietarecloselyrelatedto/connectedwith/linkedto/with/relationship

环节

联系；关联(connection)

：Istherealinkbetweensmokingandlungdisease?

（交通、沟通的）连接线；（互联网的）链接：arail/road/telephonelinklink

vt连接；联系

(connect)

：Hewalkedwithher,linkingarms.

link...to/with把……连接/联系起来:Asubwaylinewilllinktheairporttothecitycentre.Yellowislinkedwithconfidence,self-respectandfriendliness.link

n[C]

谈论影片的时候我们经常会说某部影片“卡司强大”，这里的“卡司”是英语cast的中文音译，意思是演员阵容。castcast的名词释义由动词而来，cast动词的词源义为“扔(throw)”。castvt

投；扔；抛；撒；掷：Thefishermancasthisnetintothewater.

投射（光、影、视线等）：castashadowonthewallHecastalookatthewoman.cast词源解读“扔”具体的某物到某处“扔”光线、视线等于某物

为（戏剧、角色）选派演员；投票：Musictalentsfrommanydifferentcountrieswerecast.Peoplenotonlycaston-linevotesthemselves,butalsourgeotherstovoteforcompetitions.2016江苏常用搭配(be)castdown［不用于名词前］沮丧的n[C]

投；抛：Hecaughtafishathissecondcast.

全体演员：anall-starcast把演员“扔”到舞台上把选票“扔”给某人cast语义网络图“扔”具体的某物到某处“扔”光线、视线于某物把演员“扔”到舞台上把选票“扔”给某人vn扔（基本义）cast投；抛全体演员投；扔；抛；撒；掷投射(光、影、视线等)为(戏剧、角色)选派演员投票pour多义词pour都有哪些释义呢？pour

v

vt倒；注；灌：Pleasepourmeanothercupoftea.

vi（水等）不断流出；（烟等）被吐出：TearsofhappinesspoureddownSusan’scheeks.Blacksmokepouredfromthebackofmycar.

vi不断涌向/涌现(flood)：Peoplepouredintothesquarefromallpartsofthecity.Lettersandpostcardspouredineveryday.

vi（雨）倾盆而下：Itneverrainsbutitpours.pour语义网络图“倒”液体持续“倒”出（液体、烟、光等）倒；注；灌（水等）不断流出；（烟等）被吐出“倒”出大量的人或物不断涌向/涌现雨水被“倒”出来

（雨）倾盆而下倒pour基本义defend“我不同意你说的每一句话，但我誓死捍卫你说话的权利。”这句话来自英国女作家伊夫林·比阿特丽斯·霍尔所作的《伏尔泰的朋友们》(TheFriendsofVoltaire)。伏尔泰（Voltaire，1694—1778），18世纪法国启蒙思想家、文学家、哲学家

，是十八世纪法国资产阶级启蒙运动的泰斗，被誉为“法兰西思想之王”“法兰西最优秀的诗人”“欧洲的良心”，主张开明的君主政治，强调自由和平等。

vt&vi防护；防御；保卫：Allourofficersaretrainedtodefendthemselvesfrom/againstknifeattacks.

vt为……辩护；为……辩解：Studentsshouldbereadytoexplainanddefendtheirviews.Thelawallowspeopletodefendthemselvesagainstacharge.

vt&vi（比赛中）防守；防卫：Whataretheforwardsdoing—attackingordefending?defendv防护；防御；保卫defend防护（基本义）武力“防护”为……辩护；为……辩解(比赛中)防守；防卫比赛中“防护”言语“防护”defend语义网络图defend,guard,protect辨析三者都含有“保护”之意。defend

指“保卫”“防御”，指抵御或击退外来的攻击。Whenthedogattackedme,Idefendedmyselfwithastick.guard

指“守护”“看守”，指保持警惕或注意来防止危险发生。Thedogwasguardingitsowner’sluggage.protect语义范围广，指“保护”，以免遭受危险、伤害等。We’redoingwhateverwecantoprotectourenvironmentfrompollution.在体育运动中，defend

和

guard

均指“防守”。不要纠缠于谁对谁错，重要的是要找到解决的办法。——亨利•福特亨利•福特

(HenryFord，1863—1947)，美国汽车工程师与企业家，福特汽车公司的建立者。他也是世界上第一位使用流水线大批量生产(massproduce)汽车的人。他的生产方式使汽车成为一种大众产品，它不但革命了工业生产方式，而且对现代社会和文化起了巨大的影响。faultfaultn

[U]（对错误所负的）责任；过失；过错theresponsibilityforsthwrongthathashappenedorbeendone：I’mreallysorry—it’sallmyownfault.It’shisfaultthatwewerelate.

[C]缺点；缺陷；故障aweakaspectofsb’scharacterorsththatiswrongornotperfect：Everybodyhashisfaults.ThesweaterhadafaultinitandIhadtotakeitback.指人时，意为“缺点”“弱点”，和shortcoming同义；指事物时，意为“缺陷“毛病”“瑕疵”。atfault有责任；有错：Perhapstherailwayauthoritiesareatfaultforpoorsignallingsystem.2011浙江findfault(with)找茬儿；抱怨；挑剔：Thefault-finderwillfindfaultineverywhereandanytime,eveninparadise!Lifecanbegreatwhenyouarenotbusyfindingfaultwithit.

2015福建常用搭配你知道网球比赛中，专业术语“发球失误”如何表达吗？其实fault还有个意思就是“（网球比赛中）发球失误”，而doublefault就是“双误”，即网球连续两次发球失误，失一分。vt

找……的缺点；指责；挑剔：Nobodywillfaultyouforit.2014辽宁►faultless

adj无错误的；完美无缺的(perfect)►faulty

adj有错误的；有缺陷的【词汇拓展】fault,error,mistake辨析fault指对“过失”“过错”应负的责任，强调“过”。•It’smyfaultthatwemissedthebus.error与mistake意义相近，但较为正式。•Theremustbeanerrorinourcalculations.•Theletterwassenttoyouinerror.mistake在日常英语中用得最为广泛，指用词或数字上的错误、口误、笔误，也可指决定错误，强调“误”。•I’mnotblamingyou—weallmakemistakes.•Ipickedupyourbagbymistake.前缀multi-&否定前缀构成单词三元素：词根、前缀、后缀中心意义词根方向前缀词性后缀前缀multi-前缀multi-可加在单词前构成新词，其含义是“多的”“多倍的”。例如：multiple多个的multi-cultural多元文化的multimedia多媒体写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。1.Multifunctionalfurniturecanbeusedforgueststosleep.________2.Theone-timefarmerisnowtheservantofsomemulti-nationalorganisation.________3.Thebottomoftheoceanisfullofvariousandmulticolouredcoral（珊瑚）.________4.Theresearchindicatesthatpeoplewhomultitaskhavethepoorestresultsindoingvariousthingsatthesametime.________多功能的多国的同时处理多项任务多彩的/五彩斑斓的multipleadj

多个（人/事件/物组成）的；数量多的n[C]倍数否定前缀学习词汇时，除了借助近义词来学习词汇，也可以通过反义词来帮助学习和理解词汇。反义词产生的一个主要途径就是加否定前缀。英语中有很多否定前缀，如un-、in-、dis-、mis-、non-等等。usual（平常的）→unusual（不寻常的）

correct（正确的）→incorrect（不正确的）

appear（出现）

→disappear（消失）

understand（理解）→misunderstand（误解）

smoker（吸烟者）→nonsmoker（不抽烟的人）请给下列单词加上表示否定意义的前缀，并写出其汉语释义。aware→___________

________________________

legal→___________

________________________

moral→___________

________________________

sense→___________

________________________agree→___________

________________________

stop→___________

________________________relevant→___________

________________________

advantage→___________

________________________like→___________

________________________

appropriate→___________

________________________social→___________

________________________unawareillegalimmoralnonsensedisagreeinappropriatenon-stopdisadvantageirrelevantdislikeantisocial未察觉到的/未意识到的不合法的；违法的不道德的；道德败坏的胡说；废话不同意；持不同意见不停的；连续不断的不相关的；无关紧要的不利（条件）；劣势不喜欢；厌恶不适当的；不合适的反社会的；危害社会的1.Jennywaslookingforaseatwhen,___________,amangotupandleft.（2010四川）2.Bicyclingisgoodexercise;_____________,itdoesnotpollutetheair.（2012湖南改）3.Heholdsanimportantpositioninthecompany;___________,Idon’tquitetrusthim.4.Therehadbeenaterribleaccidentonthehighwayand,____________,therewasalonglineoftrafficforatleastsixmiles.（2012辽宁改）5.Someofthelawswerecontradictory._____________,measuresweretakentoclarifythem.fortunatelyneverthelessconsequentlyAccordinglyfurthermore概括起来，句子副词修饰整个句子，通常表示说话人的态度或语气，这类副词通常置于句首，与句子的主要部分相对来说关系不十分紧密，因此常用逗号与它分开。英语中经常用句子副词来连接句子，反映说话人的看法或观点，使语义更丰富、顺畅。写作时可以有意识地使用句子副词，使表达更地道、自然。句子副词选出适当的句子副词填空。accordingly,nevertheless,fortunately,furthermore,consequently随堂检测一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。suspect1.Thepolicesuspecthimofcarryingouttwobombattacks.________2.Policehaveissuedaphotographofthesuspect.________3.Thestudywascarriedoutwithsuchasmallsamplethatitsresultsaresuspect.________怀疑嫌疑犯不可靠的二、用doubt或suspect的适当形式填空。1.

Ihad__________whetherornotIshouldattendthemeet.2.

Adriver__________ofdrinkdrivingshouldprovidespecimens（样本）fortesting.（2011福建）doubtedsuspectedblame一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Nowhehasnoonebuthimselftoblame___________losingthejob.（2014江西）2.Themotherdidn’tknowwho_______________(blame)forthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.3.Somepeoplelaytheblame___________theAmericans,complainingthatpoundshavepiledonthankstoeatingtoomuchAmerican-stylefastfood.（2013湖北改）4.___________(blame)forthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.

5.Joeisproudandstubborn（固执的）,neveradmittingheiswrongandalwayslookingforsomeoneelse___________(blame).（2014

浙江）

for(was)toblameonBlamedtoblame二、将下列句子译成汉语。Thereportblamespoorsafetystandardsfortheaccident.________________________________________________2.Oneofthecomputersisbrokenandsheisblamingitonme.________________________________________________3.Officialsbelievethatmorethanonepersonmaybetoblameforthefire.________________________________________________报告把事故归咎于安全标准不高。有一台计算机坏了，她正怪罪于我。政府官员认为，可能不止一人对火灾负有责任。一、根据句意选出handle的近义词。__________1.Thesolutionisobviousthoughperhapsnoteasytoapply:alwayshandlethemostdifficultjobfirst.(2016

天津)__________2.Sheisadifficulthorsetohandle.Becareful.__________3.Weteachthechildrentohandletheanimalsgently.二、根据句意选出画线部分的汉语释义。__________1.Computerscanhandlehugeamountsofdata.__________2.Shewascharged（指控）withhandlingstolengoods.__________3.Ican’tgetahandleonthesesalesfigures.handlecbacbaa.touch b.control c.dealwitha.买卖 b.处理 c.弄懂cast写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Againshe

cast

alooktowardthewindow.

(2011浙江)________2.TheplayisbeingcastinboththeUSandBritain. ________3.ThesitewhereZhangXianzhong

castlumps(块)ofpuresilverisbeingdug.________4.Toqualify,candidatesmustgetatleast10%ofthevotescast.________投射（视线）挑选演员扔投票link一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Thereareanumberoflinksbetweenthetwotheories.________2.Weclickonlinksnottothenewsofthedaybuttothefunniestvideosthewebhastooffer.（2012湖北）________3.Linkingarms

withoneoftheinstructors（教练）,Ihelpedcarrythedrowningmanoutofthewater.（2018全国改）________二、根据所给词块，将下列句子译成英语。1.污染和树木枯死之间有关系。(linkbetween)________________________________________________2.有证据表明心脏病与久坐有关。（2014上海改）(thereisproofthat,link...to/with)___________________________________________________链接挽臂联系Thereisalinkbetweenpollutionandthedeathoftrees.

Thereisproofthatheartdiseaseislinkedto/withsittingforlongperiods.pour写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Pourtheoilintoafryingpan.________2.Ifeltasharppainandlookeddowntoseebloodpouringfrommyleg.________3.