初中英语宾语从句

初中英语宾语从句第一页，共19页。一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句即用一个句子作主句的宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语)Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）Ienjoyplayingbasketball.(动名词作宾语）Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）IknowMr.

LiteachesEnglish.(句子作宾语）Sheaskediftheanswerwasright.(句子作宾语）第一页第二页，共19页。二、宾语从句三要素连接词时态语序第二页第三页，共19页。（一）连接词that

连接__________________2.whether/if

连接_____________3.代词who

whom

whose

what

which4.副词when

why

where

how3、4连接______________一般疑问句一般陈述句特殊疑问句第三页第四页，共19页。由从属连词that引导的宾语从句注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略Ihear(that)_________________________.(一小时后他会回来）Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我们）Theteachertoldus(that)______________________________.（地球围着太阳转）

hewillbebackinanhour

hemissedusverymuch

theearthmovesaroundthesun注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时第四页第五页，共19页。由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句Iwanttoknow______________________________________.2.Askhim_________________________.3.Iwonder____________________________.4.Couldyoutellme________________________?

if/whetherhewillgototheparkwithus

whether/ifhecancome

whetheritisgoingtorainornotif/whether“是否”，常用在ask,wonder,findoutcan(could)…tellme,don’tknow,don’tcare等后。

whether/if

Mr.Liliveshere第五页第六页，共19页。只能用whether不能用if的情况1.在_______后面：I’mthinkingof

whetherweshouldgofishing.Weareworriedabout

whetheritwillraintomorrow.2.在________________前：Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.介词动词不定式第六页第七页，共19页。3.当与_______连用，Maryaskedwhether

ornotIwouldattendthespeechcontest.Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.________________时：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.5.当会产生歧义时：

Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook.

Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryoulikethebook.ornot提出两种选择宾语从句提前或_____________时:ⅹ第七页第八页，共19页。1.Heasked_____________________________.2.Doyouknow_________________________?3.Heasked_______________________________.4.Doyouknow_________________________?5.Pleasetellme_____________.6.Canyoutellme________________________?7.Couldyoutellme______________________?

whocouldanswerthequestion

whomtheyarewaitingfor

whosebikewasthebestintheclass

whenwe’llhaveameeting

whereheis

howIcangettothestation

whythetrainislate由连接代词

Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词

where,how,why,when引导的宾从代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。第八页第九页，共19页。（二）语序：陈述句语序即：主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）HeaskedmewhenIwasgoingtothebookstore.当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：

What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?What(has)happened?Whichisthewayto…?Who’soverthere?Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Doyouknowwhowillgiveusaspeechthisafternoon?Iwanttoknowwhatcanbedoneaboutit.第九页第十页，共19页。（三）时态(时态一致性）主句用现在时态，从句可用任何时态（按需要）。Iknowheisateacher.Iknowhewasateacherthreeyearsago.Iknowhehasbeenateacherfor3yearsIknowhewillbeateacheraftergraduation.主句用过去时态，从句可用相应的过去时态。但从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用现在时。Iknewhewasateacher.Iknewhehadbeenateacherfor3years.Iknewhewouldbeateacheraftergraduation.Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.第十页第十一页，共19页。确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)主句时态从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时\过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时第十一页第十二页，共19页。

时态一致练习1.Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.cantakeB.takeC.takesD.wouldtake2.Catherinesaidthatshe_____toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen3.Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey_____adictationtoday.A.wouldhaveB.hasC.willhaveD.are4.SheaskedLindaif_____goandgetsomechalk.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay5.Lindasaidthemoon_____roundtheearth.A.traveledB.hastraveledC.travelsD.hadtraveled第十二页第十三页，共19页。转述中的人称代词、时间、地点等转换

--根据说话时实际情况进行相应转变

‘I’mtired,’shesaid.Shesaidthat________wastired.

‘Youplayverywell,’hetoldme.Hetoldmethat_______playedverywell.‘Youmusthandinyourpapertomorrow,’theteachertoldus.Theteachertoldusthat______musthandin_______paper__________________.Mr.Carteraskedhim,‘Areyourbookshere?’Mr.Carteraskedhimif______bookswere________.sheIweourhistherethenextday第十三页第十四页，共19页。

Shesaidtome,‘Openthedoor,please.’

‘Don’t

openthedoor,please,’IsaidtoTom.

宾语从句改写中的特殊情形IaskedTom______________thedoor.

Shetoldme____________thedoor.原句是祈使句，不能用宾语从句改写，而应该用“ask/tellsb.(not)todosth.”的句式。toopennotto

open

第十四页第十五页，共19页。宾语从句与简单句的转换Idon’tknowhowIcananswerthequestion.

Hehopedtobeabasketballplayer.Idon’tknow________________thequestion.Hehoped______________________abasketballplayer.howtoanswer(that)hecould