高考英语全程考评 特训卷 课下天天练二十三 含解析

课下天天练(二十三)阅读语言运用组合练姓名________班级________考号________时间：40分钟Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2022·太原市高三期末]Iwasinvitedtogiveaspeechataconferenceoneducation.IhappenedtositnexttoClayParker,theCEOofatechnologycompanythatmakesmicroelectronicsdevices.Forthelastfewyears,I'dbeenreadingabouttherapidlychangingworldofworkandwasincreasinglyconcernedthatstudentsarenotpreparedfortoday'sworkplace.Buriedinbookknowledge,universitystudentstalklikeabookandalwayspassexamswithflyingcolours.However,whenfacingHRstaffinsteadoftheirteachers,whattheyhavelearnedseemsuseless.SoIaskedParkerwhatqualitieshemostwantedinapotentialnewemployee.Iexpectedalistoftechnicalskills—especiallysinceParkerisanengineerhimself—butIwaswayoff__the__mark.“First,Ilookforsomeonewhoasksgoodquestions，”Parkerresponded.“Ourbusinessischanging,andsoaretheskillsofourengineers.Wecanteachthemthetechnicalstuff.Butforemployeeswillingtosolveproblemsortolearnnewthings,theyhavetoknowwhatquestionstoask.Andwecan'tteachthemhowtoaskgoodquestions—howtothink.Theabilitytoasktherightquestionsreflectsgoodthinkingability,themostimportantquality.”Indeed,theabilitytoaskgoodquestionshasbeenarepeatedthemeinalmostallofmyconversationsaboutcorecompetencesandskillsforsuccessintoday'sworkplace.Itturnsoutthataskinggoodquestionsgoeshandinhandwiththeproblemsolvingabilityinthemindsofmostemployers.Thestudentshavealwaysbeenbroughtuptoliveuptoacertainstandardandsomuchemphasishasbeenputonfixedrulesandgivingtheexpectedansweroftheirteachersinsteadofraisingaquestion.Weteachersarealwaysblamingthestudentsforgivingwronganswers.Perhapsweshouldaskourselveswhetherwearealwaysaskingtherightquestions.1．WhydidtheauthoraskParkerthequestion?A.TobringtheCEO'sattentiontoeducation.B.Tocollectinformationabouthiscompany.C.Toaskforhisopinionabouttheconference.D.Toknowhisrequirementsfornewemployees.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“offthemark”inParagraph2mean?A．Mistaken.B．Notqualified.C.Confused.D．Notprofessional.3．WhatdoesParkervaluehisemployeesfor?A．Teamwork.B.Thinkingability.C．Technicalskills.D.Professionalknowledge.4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoHuntforaJobB.AskingQuestionsMattersC.AnEncounterwithaCEOD.Problem­solvingMakesaDifferenceB[2022·广州市普通高中综合测试]Whatmakespeoplesospecial?Tooluse,self­consciousness,language,andculturearehighonthelist,butinfactallofthesecharacteristicscanbefoundelsewhereintheanimalkingdom.Humansandapesarecloserelatives,soitisperhapsnotsurprisingthatchimpanzeesusetoolsorthatgorillas(大猩猩)haveasenseoffairplay,evenrejectingcarrots(whichtheynormallyaccept)whentheyseetheirneighborsgettinggrapes.Butthequalitiesthatweoftenthinkofasthehuman'sexistnotjustonland,butintheoceanaswell.Amongtheinvertebrates,octopuses(章鱼)areknownfortheirintelligence,evenexhibitingevidenceofplayfulness,tooluse,andpersonality.Buttheseskilledpredatorslivealoneandconsequentlylackculture.Dolphins,ontheotherhand,arelarge­brained,long­living,social­group­basedpredators,anditisherethatwefindthegreatestsimilaritytohuman­likecultureandawareness.Culturedependsontheabilityofanimalstopassonthingstheyhavelearnedtoothers.Manyanimalshavecultureinthissense,butwhatsetsdolphinsapartiswhattheypasson.Somebottlenosedolphinsholdspongesintheirmouthsthattheyuseastoolstosweepfishhidingontheoceanfloor.Thisabilityishandeddownthroughgenerations(especiallyinfemales),withsomefamilies—grandmother,mother,anddaughter—allfeedinginthishighlyspecializedway.Anothercharacteristicthatdolphinssharewithhumansistheirabilitytorecognizethemselvesinamirror.Whenfacingamirror,mostanimalsbehaveasthoughtheyareinteractingwithanotherindividual.Eveninhumans,theabilitytorecognizethattheimageinamirrorisoneselfdoesnotoccurbeforetheageof18months.Dolphinsnotonlyrecognizethemselves,butifablackmarkisputonthebodyofadolphin,itwillspendextratimeatthemirrortolookatthemark.5．Theexampleofgorillasrejectingcarrotsshowsthey________．A.arenoteasytofoolB.preferfruittovegetablesC.haveaspecialtasteforfoodD.haveanawarenessofequality6．Whatdooctopuseslackcomparedwithdolphins?A.Socialinteraction.B.Intelligence.C.Tool­usingability.D.Fun­lovingspirits.7．Whatmakesdolphinculturespecial?A.Theytendtohuntingroups.B.Theirhuntingskillsarepasseddown.C.Theirlearningenvironmentisfavourable.D.Theirfamiliesaretypicallyfemale­controlled.8．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Dolphinsenjoylookingattheirownreflectioninthemirror.B．Dolphinsareasintelligentasatypical18­month­oldhumanbaby.C．Dolphinsareasgenerallyregardedasthemostadvancednon­humanspecies.D．Dolphins'abilitytorecognizetheirownreflectionisahigher­ordermentalskill.Ⅱ.七选五[2022·苏北新高考适应性考试]Manyhearendlesslyhowgoodexerciseisforourhealth,butyoumightbesurprisedtoknowjusthowgood.__1__Ithelpsyoubreathebetter.Frequentexerciseimprovesthevolumeofoxygenyoucanuseinyourbody.Thisiswhatmakesyoufitandthebenefitsaren'tlimitedtosport.__2__Attendingsomeprofessionalcoursescanbuildcorestrengthandimproveshape,andsostrengthenbreathingmuscles.Physicalactivityenhancesyourmentalhealth.Doingsomethingactivereleases“happy”brainchemicalsthatmakeyoumorepositive.Themoreyoudoit,thebetteryou'llfeel.Butyoudoneedtoworkupabitofasweat.Ifyou'vehadabadday,treatyourselftoalittlebitofexercise.__3____4__Thewayyourguts(内脏)feeloftenimpactsonyourmentalandphysicalhealth.Walking,runningandyogastrengthenabdominal(腹部的)muscles,increasetheheartrateandencourageyourmusclestomovedigestivewastethroughyourbodymoreefficientlyanddigestfoodmorequickly.Keepingactivekeepsyouyoung.Theremaynotbeanelixir(灵丹妙药)ofyouthjustyet,butkeepingfitcomesclose.Just15minutesofexerciseadayforeightyearscanincreaseyourlifespanbythreeyears.Themoreyoudo,thelongeryoucouldlive.__5__Itcanbelow­intensityexercise—swimming,agentleexercise,alongwalkonarunningmachineatthegym,oralow­intensityworkoutviaspecialAPPs.A.Itaidsyourdigestion.B.Itgivesyouabetterappetite.C.Increasedmusclestrengthhelpstoo.D.Herearethebenefitsyoucangetfromexercise.E.Thisisbecausephysicalactivitydelayscellageing.F.Peoplethinkthiswillcatchourattentionandinspireouraction.G.Powerwalkingorropeskippingisabrilliantstressreliever.Ⅲ.完形填空[2022·合肥市第三次质量检测]Selvidgehopestoattendartorfilmschoolaftergraduation.Beingawriter,director,actorandmusician,Selvidgeadmitsthathisabilitytoadapttohis__1__environmentishisstrength.Ofcourse,itisthevery__2__thathelpshimwithdifficulties.However,hedidn'tgainitwithout__3__．Attheageof13,Selvidge__4__hishometownDickson,Tennesseein__5__ofabetterlife.Inthefollowingfouryears,hewasjustlivingwithhisfriendsandbouncingaroundwhereverhecould.Thatlasted__6__bothhisparentsdiedoff.Thepoliceweregoingto__7__himovertoalocalshelter.However,athisfather'sfuneral,hishalf­brotherinArizonaofferedto__8__himtostartover.Selvidgesawthemoveasanopportunitytostarta__9__life.ThefirstdayhecametoPerryHighSchool,he__10__totheTheatreClubandfinallygainedaroletoplay.Thatwasthebeginningofhis__11__career.Lastyearhedirectedhisownplayand__12__inamusicalandtwocomedies.Seeinghiswonderfulstageperformance,debatecoachJimFountain__13__Selvidge,believinghistalentscouldtakehimfar.__14__,Selvidgediditwelltoo.Hewonthestatechampionshipandwouldrepresenthisstateto__15__onthenationalstagefordebate.“Hehassufferedmanythatare__16__tokidsofhisage,”hisdirector,Shelley,explainswhySelvidgecan__17__theaudience'seyessowell.“Hehasa__18__understandingofthehumancondition,whichallowshimtointerpretemotionsofvarious__19__withease.Inthissense,itis__20__thatshapedwhatheistoday.”,1．A.economicB．changeableC．socialD．familiar2．A.patienceB．kindnessC．virtueD．bravery3．A.interestB．patienceC．luckD．suffering4．A.leftB．workedforC．missedD．returnedto5．A.favourB．memoryC．searchD．celebration6．A.sinceB．afterC．ifD．until7．A.rollB．handC．carryD．drag8．A.defendB．assessC．supportD．teach9．A.newB．freeC．politicalD．healthy10．A.complainedB．stuckC．contributedD．applied11．A.actingB．composingC．writingD．coaching12．A.hostedB．starredC．spokeD．debated13．A.soughtoutB．dreamedofC．toldoffD．reliedon14．A.StrangelyB．CertainlyC．InterestinglyD．Basically15．A.jumpB．graduateC．playD．compete16．A.criticalB．relevantC．openD．uncommon17．A.catchB．meetC．widenD．test18．A.sharedB．normalC．deepD．childish19．A.membersB．charactersC．colleaguesD．directors20．A.sacrificesB．choicesC．hardshipsD．amusementsⅣ.语法填空[2022·昆明市高考模拟]TheNobelPrizeisoneofthemostfamousprizesintheworld.TheprizeswerefirstawardedonDecember10，1901.ThatwasfiveyearsafterthedeathofAlfredNobel,the1.________(create)oftheprizes.Formanyyears,prizeswereawardedinphysics,chemistry,medicine,literature,andpeace.A2.________(six)awardforeconomicswascreatedin1968.MarieCuriewasthefirstwoman3.________(receive)theaward,in1903inphysics.She4.________(share)theawardwithherhusbandandanotherscientist.In1911,shewasawardedtheprizeinchemistry.CurieisoneoftheonlytwopeopleevertowinNobelPrizesindifferentareas.5.________(surprising),herdaughterIrènealsowontheNobelPrizeinchemistry.Theyweretheonlymother­daughterpairtohavewontheprize.Theprizecommitteesaremadeup6.________famousscholarsandscientists.Nobelprizewinners7.________(choose)verycarefully.Thevotingistopsecret.PrizesarepresentedtothewinnerseveryyearonDecember10.Theprizewinnersaresomeofthemostimportantpeopleintheworld.8.________(win)theawardhelpsthemcontinuetheirwork.TheNobelFoundationawardscash,adiploma9.________agoldmedaltoeachprizewinner.Thecashamountchangesbasedon10.________itisgiventooneindividualorsharedamongagroupofpeople.课下天天练（二十三）阅读语言运用组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型：议论文主题语境：人与自我——教育——提出正确问题的能力是适应当今工作的能力要素【语篇解读】作者在一次教育研讨会上遇到了一位公司的CEO，作者向他询问公司在招聘新员工时看重新员工的什么能力，他的回答出乎作者意料，公司看重的是员工提出正确问题的能力。所以作者反思现在的教育和教师应教会学生如何提出正确问题。1．答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“Forthelastfewyears,I'dbeenreadingabouttherapidlychangingworldofworkandwasincreasinglyconcernedthatstudentsarenotpreparedfortoday'sworkplace”和“However,whenfacingHRstaffinsteadoftheirteachers,whattheyhavelearnedseemsuseless”可知，工作（内容）在快速变化，作者越来越担心学生没有为如今的职场做好准备，怀疑学生在学校所学的知识无用。所以当作者偶遇一位公司的CEO时，提出了那个问题，即作者提出那个问题是为了了解公司对新员工的要求，故D项正确。2．答案与解析：A考查理解词汇的能力。根据第二段中画线词语所在句以及第三段中Parker的回答可知，作者预料Parker会回答新员工应具有的一些技术能力，但是他回答的内容却不是作者所预料的答案，所以作者“错了”。A项意为“不正确”；B项意为“没资格”；C项意为“困惑”；D项意为“不专业”。故A项正确。3．答案与解析：B考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段中的“Theabilitytoasktherightquestionsreflectsgoodthinkingability,themostimportantquality”可知，Parker认为提出正确问题的能力反映了员工的思维能力，也是最重要的品质。由此可知，Parker重视员工的思维能力，故B项正确。4．答案与解析：B考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。根据最后一段最后一句并结合全文可知，本文主要讲述为了让学生适应快速变化的工作（内容），教师要教会学生如何去提出正确的问题，这在当今的职场中被视为是很重要的能力。故“问问题很重要”最适合作本文的标题，故B项正确。[干扰项分析]本题易误选A项，本文不是讲述如何寻找工作的，故A项错误；作者与一位CEO的偶遇是为了引出作者的观点：提出正确问题很重要，故C项错误；D项表示“解决问题很重要”，作者强调的不是“解决问题”，而是“提出正确的问题”，故D项错误。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然——人与动物——海洋动物与人类的相似之处【语篇解读】除了大猩猩和黑猩猩等陆地动物外，某些海洋动物身上也有与人类相似的特征，海豚就是其中之一。5．答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。由题干中的gorillas定位到文章的第一段。由第一段中的“haveasenseoffairplay”可知答案，故选D。6．答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。由题干中octopuses和dolphins定位到文章第二段。由第二段中的“Buttheseskilledpredatorslivealoneandconsequentlylackculture.Dolphins,ontheotherhand,arelarge­brained,long­living,social­group­basedpredators”可知，章鱼缺少的是社会交往能力，故选A。7．答案与解析：B考查理解具体信息的能力。根据文章第三段中的“whatsetsdolphinsapartiswhattheypasson”“Somebottlenosedolphinsholdspongesintheirmouthsthattheyuseastoolstosweepfishhidingontheoceanfloor.Thisabilityishandeddownthroughgenerations”可知，海豚会把捕食的技能传给下一代，故选B。8．答案与解析：D考查推断的能力。由最后一段中的“Anothercharacteristicthatdolphinssharewithhumansistheirabilitytorecognizethemselvesinamirror”及“Eveninhumans,theabilitytorecognizethattheimageinamirrorisoneselfdoesnotoccurbeforetheageof18months”可推知，海豚能够在镜子中识别自己的能力属于高级思维能力，故选D。【技巧点拨】解答推断题时需注意：①不能选原文中有直接叙述的选项；②不能选含有绝对化表达的选项；③不能选过度推断的选项。本题中的A项、B项属于过度推断，在原文中没有对应的依据；C项含有绝对化的表达。Ⅱ.七选五语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我——健康的生活方式——运动对身体的好处【语篇解读】本篇从呼吸、心理健康、助消化、延缓衰老四个方面介绍了你也许不太了解的运动对身体的好处。1．答案与解析：D考查上下文衔接。空处在第一段结尾，再由下文所列的几方面好处可知，此处需要一个总括的句子，故D项“以下是你可以从锻炼中得到的好处”符合语境。2．答案与解析：C考查上下文衔接。根据空前的“thebenefitsaren'tlimitedtosport”可知，不只运动会带来这些益处，再结合空后一句“Attendingsomeprofessionalcourses...andsostrengthenbreathingmuscles”尤其是关键词strengthenbreathingmuscles可知，选项C“增强的肌肉力量也有所帮助”符合语境。3．答案与解析：G考查上下文衔接。根据本段小标题可知本段主要说明锻炼带来的心理方面的好处，故G项“快走或跳绳都是一种很好的减压方式”，符合语境。4．答案与解析：A考查段落小标题。空处为下方段落的标题。该段内容主要讲了运动给消化系统带来的好处。故A项“它有助于你的消化”正确。5．答案与解析：E考查上下文衔接。根据该段小标题可知，本段主要说明锻炼可以让你年轻，空前一句表述你做的（运动）越多，你就能活得越久，E项“这是因为体育活动会延缓细胞衰老”解释了原因，符合语境。Ⅲ.完形填空语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——磨难造就精彩人生【语篇解读】为了寻求更好的生活，Selvidge年幼时就离开家乡四处流浪。其父母双亡后，同父异母的兄弟将他带到了亚利桑那州。在Perry高中，Selvidge开始追求自己的艺术梦想，并自己导演了戏剧，主演了音乐剧和喜剧，其精彩的舞台表现博得了辩论教练的赏识。他获得了州辩论赛冠军，并且将参加全国大赛。Selvidge的故事告诉我们：磨难造就精彩人生。1．答案与解析：B考查语境推断。根据下文中讲到的Selvidge颠沛流离的生活可知，Selvidge可以适应多变的环境，这也是他的长处。2．答案与解析：C考查语境推断。根据语境可知，正是这种优点帮助他克服困难。3．答案与解析：D考查语境推断。根据下文中讲到的Selvidge颠沛流离的生活可知，Selvidge的这种能力都是历经磨难得来的。4．答案与解析：A考查语境推断。根据下文中讲到的“Inthefollowingfouryears，hewasjustlivingwithhisfriendsandbouncingaroundwhereverhecould”可知，为了寻求更好的生活，Selvidge年幼时就离开了家乡，在接下来的四年里，四处流浪。5．答案与解析：C参见上题解析。6．答案与解析：D考查语境推断。根据下文中的“Thepoliceweregoingto7himovertoalocalshelter”可知，Selvidge颠沛流离的生活一直持续到其父母去世。7．答案与解析：B考查语境推断。结合语境可知，由于Selvidge父母双亡，没有依靠，于是警察想将他交给当地的一个庇护所。hand...overto...“把……正式交给……”。8．答案与解析：C考查语境推断。结合语境可知，在其父亲葬礼上，其同父异母的兄弟主动提出支持他重新开始。startover“重新开始”。9．答案与解析：A考查语境推断。根据