新概念英语第三册+lesson21+By+heart+讲义

Lesson21DanielMendoza🌻Part1:TextBoxingmatcheswereverypopularinEnglandtwohundredyearsago.Inthosedays,boxersfoughtwithbarefistsforPrizemoney.Becauseofthis,theywereknownas'prize-fighters'.However,boxingwasverycrude,fortherewerenorulesandaprize-fightercouldbeseriouslyinjuredorevenkilledduringamatch.

OneofthemostcolourfulfiguresinboxinghistorywasDanielMendozawhowasbornin1764.Theuseofgloveswasnotintroduceduntil1860whentheMarquisofQueensberrydrewupthefirstsetOfrules.Thoughhewastechnicallyaprize-fighter,Mendozadidmuchtochangecrudeprize-fightingintoasport,forhebroughtsciencetothegame.Inhisday,Mendozaenjoyedtremendouspopularity.Hewasadoredbyrichandpooralike.Mendozarosetofameswiftlyafteraboxing-matchwhenhewasonlyfourteenyearsold.ThisattractedtheattentionofRichardHumphrieswhowasthenthemosteminentboxerinEngland.HeofferedtotrainMendozaandhisyoungpupilwasquicktolearn.Infact,MendozasoonbecamesosuccessfulthatHumphriesturnedagainsthim.Thetwomenquarrelledbitterlyanditwasclearthattheargumentcouldonlybesettledbyafight.AmatchwasheldatStiltonwherebothmenfoughtforanhour.ThepublicbetagreatdealofmoneyonMendoza,buthewasdefeated.MendozametHumphriesintheringonalateroccasionandhelostforasecondtime.Itwasnotuntilhisthirdmatchin1790thathefinallybeatHumphriesandbecameChampionofEngland.Meanwhile,hefoundedahighlysuccessfulAcademyandevenLordByronbecameoneofhispupils.Heearnedenormoussumsofmoneyandwaspaidasmuchas&100forasingleappearance.Despitethis,hewassoextravagantthathewasalwaysindebt.AfterhewasdefeatedbyaboxercalledGentlemanJackson,hewasquicklyforgotten.Hewassenttoprisonforfailingtopayhisdebtsanddiedinpovertyin1836.

🌻Part2:Newwordsandexpressions1.boxing['bɔksiŋ]n.拳击2.boxer['bɔksә]n.拳击手3.bare[bєә]a.赤裸的；空荡的4.prizefighter

n.职业拳击手(尤指古时赤手拳击手)5.crude[kru:d]a.粗野的6.marquis['ma:kwis]n.侯爵7.technically['teknikәli]ad.严格根据法律意义地8.science['saiәns]n.科学9.popularity['pɔpju'læriti]n.名望10.adore[ә'dɔ:]v.崇拜，爱戴；非常喜欢11.alike[ә'laik]ad.一样地12.fame[feim]n.名声13.eminent['eminәnt]a.著名的，杰出的14.bitterly['bitәli]ad.厉害地15.bet[bet]v.打赌16.academy[ә'kædәmi]n.专业学校17.extravagant[iks'trævigәnt]a.浪费的，奢侈的18.poverty['pɔvәti]n.贫困★boxing['bɔksiŋ]n.拳击★boxer['bɔksә]n.拳击手1.boxingboxingring

拳赛场地,拳击场...boxingglove

拳击手套2.boxerTheboxerhasfoughtmanyopponents.

该拳手已与许多对手交锋。❤️box常用释义盒子，另外也有巴掌，拳头的意思。Shegavehimaboxonhisears.她打了他一耳光。★bare[bєә]a.赤裸的；空荡的1.adj.赤裸的；空的；仅有的；贫瘠的，荒芜的withone'sbarehands（arms）空手地；赤手空拳laybare暴露；揭露Theirprivateliveshasbeenlaidbare.2.vt.使裸露；暴露bareone'ssoultosb.

(向某人)打开心扉，倾诉衷肠bareone'steeth

(凶恶地)龇牙咧嘴★prizefighter

n.职业拳击手(尤指古时赤手拳击手)prizefight

职业拳击赛★crude[kru:d]a.粗野的1.Itis(was)crudeofsb.todosth

Itwascrudeofhimtosaythat.他那样说太粗鲁了。2.a

crudeidea

不成熟的意见★marquis['ma:kwis]n.侯爵HewasgiventhetitleofMarquis.他被封为侯爵。★technically['teknikәli]ad.严格根据法律意义地Technicallyspeaking,thenameisincorrect.

严格地说，用这个名词并不正确。★science['saiәns]n.科学blindsb.

withscience

用技术知识来迷惑人Thereisnoroyalroadtoscience.

在科学的道路上是没有平坦的路可走的。★popularity['pɔpju'læriti]n.名望1.adj.popular

popularwith（among）在…中有声望2.n.名望popularityHehasnevercourtedpopularity.他从不追求名望。★adore[ә'dɔ:]v.崇拜，爱戴；非常喜欢1.adoresbforsthWeadorethemfortheirgenerosity.我们钦佩他们的慷慨。2.adore...as

把…当作…崇拜Theyadoredherasalivinggoddess.

他们把她当作活菩萨崇拜。3.v.

喜欢Iadore

readingbooks.我喜欢读书★alike[ә'laik]ad.一样地1.adj.相似的；同样的1）lookalike看起来像2）verymuchalike很相像Thetwobrothersareverymuchalike.

这两兄弟非常相像。3）alikeincharacter性格相同Wearemuchalikeincharacter.我们的性格很相似。2.adv.一样；以同样的方式Notwopeoplethinkalike.没有两个人的想法是一样的。★fame[feim]n.名声1.n.名声attheheightofsb'sfame

在某人最走红的时期goodfame/badfame好名声/坏名声2.V.

使出名befamedfor

·····而出名Hangzhouisfamedforthewestlake.★eminent['eminәnt]a.著名的，杰出的eminentteacher名师Jerryis

an

eminentteacher.=Jerryis

eminentasateacher.★bitterly['bitәli]ad.厉害地Itisbitterlycoldtoday.今天冷得很。❤️bitter1.adj.

苦的（五味之一）Themedicinehasabittertaste.这药有苦味。2.n.

苦的东西Apintofbitter,please.请来一品脱苦啤酒。★bet[bet]v.打赌1.betonsth.赌·····2.betsbsthonsth/v-ing和某人就某事打赌I'llbetyouanythingonit.对那件事我敢跟你赌任何东西。3.I'llbetyou.我将与你打赌。★academy[ә'kædәmi]n.专业学校ridingacademy

骑术学校,马术学校...militaryacademy陆军军官学校..★extravagant[iks'trævigәnt]a.浪费的，奢侈的extravagantman挥霍无度的人

extravagantparty奢侈的聚会Extravagantpeopleneversavemoney.

奢侈的人攒不下钱。★poverty['pɔvәti]n.贫困bitter

poverty十分的贫困

financialpoverty财政上的贫困

spiritualpoverty精神空虚inpoverty处在贫困中🌻Part

3:Notesonthetext★BoxingmatcheswereverypopularinEnglandtwohundredyearsago.1.bepopular

流行=be

inpopularity

2.

twohunderd

yearsago

200年前★

Inthosedays,boxersfoughtwithbarefistsforPrizemoney.

1.barefists赤手空拳2.fightfor为····而战Theyarefightingforthefreedom.★Becauseofthis,theywereknownas'prize-fighters'.However,boxingwasverycrude,fortherewerenorulesandaprize-fightercouldbeseriouslyinjuredorevenkilledduringamatch.

1.becauseof

因为;由于（说明）becauseof是复合介词，其后可接名词、代词、动名词或由what引导的从句（但不是直接接从句）2.beknownas···为·····而出名Jerryis

knownasa

teacher.3.for

表原因，本句中可以和because互换★OneofthemostcolourfulfiguresinboxinghistorywasDanielMendozawhowasbornin1764.oneof+名次复数

其中之一Oneofthemost

importantthingsintheworld

世界上最重要的事情之一★Theuseofgloveswasnotintroduceduntil1860whentheMarquisofQueensberrydrewupthefirstsetOfrules.1.theuseof

sth某物的应用theuseofwater水的应用2.

not·····until

直到····才·····Jerry

didnot

comebackuntil

10:00

pm.3.when引导时间状语从句4.

drawup起草，制定Theyagreedto

draw

up

aformal

agreement他们同意起草一份正式协议。★

Inhisday,Mendozaenjoyedtremendouspopularity.Hewasadoredbyrichandpooralike.1.inthisway用这种方式，通过这种方式2.alike

是修饰

rich

and

poor

的后置定语3.adore参考上面单词用法★Mendozarosetofameswiftlyafteraboxing-matchwhenhewasonlyfourteenyearsold.risetofame一举成名★ThisattractedtheattentionofRichardHumphrieswhowasthenthemosteminentboxerinEngland.

attractthe

attentionof

sb.引起某人注意themosteminentboxer最出名的拳手★HeofferedtotrainMendozaandhisyoungpupilwasquicktolearn.Infact,MendozasoonbecamesosuccessfulthatHumphriesturnedagainsthim.

1.offertodosth主动提供·····2.bequicktodosth上手很快，学的很快Jerryisquicto

learnaforeignlanguagewell.3.infact事实上，实际上4.so·····that如此。。。以至于。。。so+adj/adv+that引导结果状语从句❤️区别sothatsothat引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便；为了”，从句中常使用can/could/may/might/will/would/should等情态动词或助动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词，在sothat前可以用逗号，意思是“因此;所以”。如：Thelittleboyreadmanybokssothathecouldpasstheexam.★ThepublicbetagreatdealofmoneyonMendoza,buthewasdefeated.MendozametHumphriesintheringonalateroccasionandhelostforasecondtime.1.bet打赌，参考单词解析2.a

greatdealof

+不可数名词，意思为许多的大量的Agreatofworkawaitsus.许多工作在等着我们。❤️agreatnumberof+可数名词复数a

greatmanyof+可数名词复数3.ona

later

occasion

接下来的一场4.

asecondtime又一次，再一次❤️the

secondtime第二次序数词在表示第几的时候，和定冠词the连★Itwasnotuntilhisthirdmatchin1790thathefinallybeatHumphriesandbecameChampionofEngland.

1.“itisnotuntil加从句加倒装的主句形式的强调句型，表达直到什么条件才什么的意思例句：Itwasnotuntilmidnightthatheunsderstoodwhathappenedtohisfather.2.one'sthirdmatch

第三次★Meanwhile,hefoundedahighlysuccessfulAcademyandevenLordByronbecameoneofhispupils.

1.meanwhile与此同时，一件事发生的同时另一件事情也在发生，表示区间thesametime强调同时2.oneof+名词复数，意思为

····之一★Heearnedenormoussumsofmoneyandwaspaidasmuchas&100forasingle