呼吸系统解剖学-李静

TheRespiratorySystemILIJING，PhDDepartmentofAnatomyjing.li@Sep.15.2009Constituents:

RespiratorytractLungsGeneralDescriptionFunction:

Gasexchange

Pleuraandpluralcavity

MediastinumUpperrespiratorytractNasalpassagePharynxLarynx

RespiratorytractLowerrespiratorytractTracheaBronchi1.ExternalnoseNasalpassage2.Nasalcavity

nasalvestibule(鼻前庭）propernasalcavity(固有鼻腔）nasalseptum（鼻中隔）lateralwallofnasalcavity3.ParanasalSinusesfrontalsinus（额窦）ethmoidalsinus（筛窦）sphenoidalsinus（蝶窦）maxillarysinus

（上颌窦）Back1.Externalnose鼻骨额骨上颌骨鼻侧软骨中隔软骨鼻翼软骨2.Nasalcavity鼻后孔鼻前庭鼻中隔Nasallimen鼻阈鼻咽LateralwallSeptum固有鼻腔固有鼻腔Thenasalseptum

（鼻中隔）ThelongitudinalplateofethmoidboneThecartilageofnasalseptumThevomer筛骨垂直板鼻中隔软骨犁骨2.NasalcavityLittleregion2.NasalcavityLateralwall

Nasalconchae(鼻甲)Nasalmeatus(鼻道)

Sphenoethmoidalrecess

(蝶筛隐窝)蝶筛隐窝上鼻甲中鼻甲下鼻甲下鼻道中鼻道上鼻道2.NasalcavityLateralwall1.Semilunarhiatus半月裂孔

2.Ethmoidalinfundibulum筛漏斗

3.

Ethmoidalbulla筛泡

4.Nasolacrimalcanal

鼻泪管3.ParanasalSinusesfrontalsinus（额窦）ethmoidalsinus（筛窦）sphenoidalsinus（蝶窦）

maxillarysinus（上颌窦）额窦额窦额窦筛窦蝶窦上颌窦上颌窦筛窦Theopeningsoftheparanasalsinusesfrontalfrontalethmodialsphenoidalmaxillary3.ParanasalSinusesThebiologicalrolesoftheparanasalsinusesDecreasingtherelativeweightofthefrontoftheskull

IncreasingresonanceofthevoiceProvidingabufferagainstblowstotheface

Insulatingsensitivestructureslikedentalrootsandeyesfromrapidtemperaturefluctuationsinthenasalcavity.

Humidifyingandheatingofinhaledair

OlfactoryandrespiratoryregionNasalmucousmembrane:olfactoryregion

respiratoryregionPosition:attheanteriorpartoftheneck from3~6cervicalvertebrae.Functions:respirationandphonationLarynxLarynxlaryngealCartilages:thyroidcartilage(甲状