全国卷一高考英语真题词汇知识点汇总

2016年全国卷一高考英语词汇短语知识点汇总假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历（resume）。给外教MrJenkins写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式（format）注意：1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯【答案】DearMsJenkins,IamLiHua,IamwritingtotellyousomethingaboutmyplanforthecomingsummervacationandIalsowantyoutodomeafavor.Inordertogetsomepracticalexperience,Iamplanningtotakeapart-timejobinaforeigncapitalcompany.Ihavealreadyfinishedmyapplicationandresume.ButthisisthefirsttimethatIhavewrittenanapplicationandthepersonalsresume,soIdon‟tknowiftherearesomethingtopayattentionto.So,I‟mwritingyoutheletter,hopingyoucangivemesomehelp.Iwillbeverygratefulifyoucandomethefavor.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.AndI‟dbereallythankful.Yours,另外参考词汇书信体，邮件的问候语Longtimenosee.1.Howareyou?2.Howhaveyoubeen?

3.How'severythinggoing？

4.How'sitgoing?5.Howarethingswithyou?写信目的句式1.I'mwritingtoyoutopresentwhatIthinkaboutsth2.I'mwritingtoyoutotellyousomethingaboutsth暑假summervacationvacation假期vocation职业公司company/firmfirm做形容词翻译为坚固的capital首都/资本/大写字母外贸公司foreigncapitalcompany/foreigntradecompanyapply应用/申请coming/following接下来的做兼职takeapart-timejob实践的practical帮助某人helpsb=dosbafavor=givesbahand打算做某事plantodo=intendtodo=meantodo时间的句式Itisthefirsttimethatsbhavedonesth是某人你一次做某事Itwasthefirsttimethatsbhaddone.sth是某人第一次做某事Itishightimesbdidsth/Itishightimesbshoulddosth是某人做某事的时间了放在作文最后一段号召性的句子givesbsomehelpgive=offer=provide=supplyhelp可换为adxvice/suggestions最后表示感谢Iwillbegrateful/thankfulif……=Iwillappreciateitif……写信的结束语Lookforwardtoyourearlyreply.LookforwardtohearingfromyouBestwishes短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Myuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothat1live.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.SomepeopleevenhadtowaitoutsideMyuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime.Instead,hehopesthatourbusinesswillgrowsteady.【答案】1.that→where2.but去掉3.had→have4.honest→honesty5.or→and6.using→used7.becoming前加of8.the→a9.our→his10.stead→steadilythat改为where考查宾语从句的引导词。介词后面的宾语从句缺少状语，根据句意判断此处缺少地点，故将that改为where。but去掉在英语中有了though虽然，不用but但是【归纳总结】在英语中though、although、while或者as等引导的让步状语从句不和but连用；连词because不和so连用；此外，return不和back连用。3.had→have考查动词时态。文章是介绍现在的情况，应该用一般现在时。4.honest→honesty考查名词。此处是指诚实是他成功的秘诀，用名词形式。而形容词honest意思是“诚实的”，是指人的性格特点。5.or→and考查连词。根据句意判断此处是表示并列关系，故把or改为and。6.using→used考查被动语态。根据句意可知此处表示被动含义，beusedfor“被用来去做”。7.becoming前加of考查介词。固定短语:dreamof梦想做某事。8.the→a考查冠词。固定短语：inashorttime在短时间内。9.our→his考查代词。根据句意可知此处是指叔叔的生意，用his指代。10.stead→steadily考查副词。根据句意可知此处grow是实意动词，意思是“增长”，不是系动词，故用副词修饰。另外becrowdedwith集满了……thekeytosth/doingsth……/做……的关键quality质量quantity数量usedtodo过去常常做某事beused.todosth/beusedfordoingsth被用来做某事be/getusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事useup=runoutof用光dreamof/aboutsth/doingsth梦想着(做)某事inashortperiodof在很短的一段时间内(固定搭配)Instead相反的前后表对比虽然although/though/eventhough/evenif/as/while都不能与but连用Although表虽然不用倒装though表虽然可以倒装也可以不倒装as表虽然必须倒装as引导的让步状语从句倒装有四种类型1.形容词+as+主语+系动词.如：Tiredasheis,heofferstohelpme.尽管他已经很累了,他还是主动提出帮助我.2.名词(不带冠词的名词)+as+主语+系动词.如：Studentasheis,hedoesnotstudyhard.他虽然是个学生,却不努力学习.3.副词+as+主语+谓语部分.如：MuchasIadmirehiscourage,Idon’tthinkheactedwisely.我虽然崇拜他的勇气,但我认为他这样做是不明智的.56.A.steppedforwardB.backedoffC.movedonD.setout57.A.womanB.policeC.manD.driver58.A.forbiddenB.readyC.askedD.free59.A.forcertainB.forconsiderationC.reportedD.checked60.A.patienceB.skillsC.effortsD.promise答案及解析:知识点：完型填空41-45.CDCBA46-50.BADCA51-55.DBDAC56-60.BBDAC试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文主要介绍了司机Larry在路上遇到着火的汽车，积极救人的故事。41.C考查动词辨析。根据下文中Larrypulledover……可知他沿着公路行驶。Travel“进行”，故选C。42.D考查名词辨析。根据首句LarryworkswithTransportDrivers，Inc可知他是司机，由此推断他应该是在给客户送完货后回去的路上。43.C考查连词辨析及语境理解。根据语境判断当他走近的时候，他又发现了另一辆汽车。as“当…时候”44.B考查代词辨析及语境理解。根据前句Suddenly,hesawacarwithitsbrightlightson,可知当时有一辆开着亮灯的车，由此判断他又发现一辆损毁的汽车。45.A考查名词辨析及语境理解。根据第一段末句thefirewasputout可知当时汽车是着火了。Flame火苗；smoke烟；water水；steam蒸汽。故选A。46.B考查形容词词辨析及语境理解。根据第二段中awomen’svoicecomingfromthewreckedvehicle，可知汽车是毁坏了的，used使用；disabled残废的；removed被移除了的；abandoned被遗弃的。故选B。47.A考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可知他下车灭火。Getholdof拿起；prepare准备；takechargeof负责；control控制。故选A48.D考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据andtoldLarryhehad48anemergencycall可知，那个司机走了过来和Larry说话。comedown下来；comethrough经历；comein进来；comeover走过来。故选D。49.C考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据下文可知这个司机打了电话报警。return归还；receiveacall接到电话；makeacall打电话；confirm确认。故选C。50.A考查副词辨析及语境理解。根据语境判断他们听到车内有人发出的声音。Then那时；again再次；finally终于；even甚至。故选A。51.D考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据上文可知汽车着火了，情况很危险，由此推断Larry离汽车远，由此判断走近了才看到车内的那位女士。52.B考查形容词辨析及语境理解。根据本段末句sheshouldnotmove可知，Larry让这名女士不要动。Quiet安静的；still不动的；away远离的；calm沉着的；故选B。53.D考查连词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可以推断这位受困的女士想从汽车里出来，而Larry不让她动，怕她伤到脖子，这两句话之间是转折关系。54.A考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据后句内容判断这位妇女害怕汽车会爆炸。Explore爆炸；slipaway溜走；fallapart崩溃；crash坠毁，摔碎；故选A。55.C考查短语和介词辨析及语境理解。Stepforward走上前去；backoff后退；moveon继续；setout出发，根据上文可知Larry害怕她脖子会受伤，前后句之间是假设关系。56.B考查动词短语辨析及语境理解。根据后句内容可以推断他们为了不妨碍警察救人，都退到后面。57.B考查名词辨析及语境理解。根据上文Oncefireandemergencypeoplearrived可知是救援的警察赶到现场。故选B。58.D考查形容词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可知警察让他离开了，由此判断Larry询问警察他是否离去。59.A考查短语辨析及语境理解。forconsideration以供参考；report报道；check核实；60.C考查名词辨析及语境理解。Patience耐心；skill技能；effort努力；promise承诺；故选C。根据从上文可知Larry努力挽救了别人的性命。【方法点拨】解答完形填空的三大策略词语同现、词语复现和逻辑推理是解答完形填空的三大策略，领会和掌握这三大策略对提高完形填空的解题速度和准确率大有裨益。1.词语同现。词语同现是指意义上相关的词汇出现在同一语篇中，构成了以某一话题为中心的词汇链，也有人称之为语义场。比如Theytoldhertostay52untiltheemergencypersonnelarrived.52.A.quietB.stillC.awayD.calm根据后文中sheshouldnotmove，可以判断选B。2.词语复现。词语复现指某一个词以原词、同根词、同义词、反义词(如wrong,notcorrect)、上义词、下义词等方式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到相互衔接。比如：Onemorelookandhenoticed45shootingout…45.A.flamesB.smokeC.waterD.steam根据后句中thefirewasputout判断选A。3.逻辑推理。在做完形填空时许多考生都会有这样的经历，即使他们对选项当中的每个词的意思都非常清楚，但得分不高。因为完形填空考查的是一种综合能力，不但是对词汇的考查，而且对句子间和上下文之间逻辑关系的推断也是完形填空考查的重点。其中逻辑关系主要包括因果关系、转折关系、对比关系、并列关系等。另外transport运输运送Inc.公司heroic英雄的deliver传送发表colleague同事employer雇佣者employee被雇佣者vehicle车辆upsidedown翻转旅行travel旅行长途的journey旅行长途的trip旅行短途的tour旅行观光voyage航行(海上/太空)Ride旅行数词+more+名词=another+数词+名词再……个……see/hear/notice+sb+doingsth(正在做)/dosth(全过程)Flame火焰steam蒸汽pullover靠边停车pull拉push推setthebrake踩刹车Inchargeof/takechargeof掌管着inthechargeof由……掌管使某人做某事make/let/havesbdosthget/force/drive/causesbtodosthemergency急救return=giveback归还=comeback返回confirm证实approach靠近stay+adj保持……的Still仍旧/蒸馏器/静止的，一动不动的personnel人员slipaway溜走crash坠毁fallapart崩溃hold握住/容纳/举办getholdof拿出以供使用neck脖子lace带子necklace项链Setout=setoff出发abandon遗弃forward上前forbid禁止prohibit禁止befreetodosth自由/随意做某事forcertain确定的forconsideration以供考虑belokelytodosth可能做某事with+宾语+宾语补足语,构成with复合结构,宾语可以是名词或是代词,宾语补足语可以是介词短语、过去分词、现在分词、形容词、动词不定式、副词.且with后面的宾语与其后的宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系.形式一with+宾语+形容词Heoftensleepswiththewindowsopen.他常开着窗睡觉.形式二with+宾语+副词Hewaslyingonthebedwithallhisclotheson.他和衣躺在床上.形式三with+宾语+名词Hediedwithhisdaughteryetaschoolgirl.他去世时,女儿还是个小学生.形式四with+宾语+介词短语Shesaidgood-byewithtearsinhereyes.她含着眼泪说了声再见.形式五with+宾语+现在分词(短语)Iwon’tbeabletogoonholidaywithmymotherbeingill.因为妈妈有病,我无法去度假.形式六with+宾语+过去分词(短语)Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作.形式七with+宾语+不定式(短语)Ican’tgooutwithalltheseclothestowash.要洗这些衣服,我无法出去了.Secretcodes(密码)keepmessagesprivate。Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.36Codebreakingneverlags(落后)farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.37Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”Spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”38Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample,Let’snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“135520135.”Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.39Forexample,”bridge“mightstandfor“meet”and“out”mightstandfor“me.”Themessage“Bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme.”40However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B.Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G.Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.答案及解析:知识点：七选五36.D37.E38.G39.F40.A试题分析：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了密码的设置方法和破解的方法。36.D根据后句内容可以判断该空应该和密码的破译有关，故判断D项内容符合语境逻辑，可以承接上下文。37.E后面举的例子是来真名人们设置密码时往往会利用一些单词的第一个字母来作为密码，由此判断E选项内容符合语境逻辑。38.G根据后面的解释内容可以判断这是介绍密码设置的又一种方法，故判断G选项符合语境。39.F根据后面的举例以及前句中的acodebook可以判断该句是介绍密码书的使用，故判断F选项可以起到承上启下的作用。40.A根据空后内容的转折可知尽管利用密码书可以破译密码，但是一本密码书也不会使用很久的时间，故判断A选项符合语境。【归纳总结】七选五阅读填空考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题技巧如下：1.注重句式的对接，比如排比句，祈使句等；2.注重词汇的衔接，也就是利用上下文所重复的关键词，即词的复现原则进行判断，其中包括同义词，原词和反义词的复现；3.注重举例或解释等。如第37题和第39题只需要利用forexample来进行解题。另外七选五注意两条技巧同义词(上下句)就近原则(选项中的特定词与上下句之间的特定词保持一致)注意句子与句子之间的关系如总分分总Code代码agency代理/机构aslong.as=if只要symbol象征标志standfor代表represent代表specific特定的具体的number数字/标序号frequently频繁地inorder按顺序substitude替换phrase短语morethan的用法1.morethan后面跟名词，意为“不只是，不仅仅是”。例如：Katewasmorethanateacher.Shealsodidwhatshecouldtotakecareofherpupils.凯特不仅仅是位教师，她还尽其所能照顾她的学生。morethan与数词连用，意思是“多于，大于，超过”。例如：Ihaveknownhimformorethantwentyyears.我认识他已经超过20年了。3.morethan与形容词和分词连用，表示“非常、十分”。例如：Theyweremorethanhappytoseeuscomebackfromtheexpedition.看到我们远征而归，他们异常高兴。4.morethan与动词连用，对动词起着加强语气的作用。例如：HisprogressinEnglishlearningmorethanencouragedhimtolearnthesubjectwell.在英语学习方面的进步激励他学好这门课程。5.morethan和含有情态动词的句子连用，有否定意义，表示“是……难以……”或“超过了……所能”之义。例如：（1）ThebeautyofthemountainouscountryismorethanIcandescribe.我难以描述那个山村的美丽。（2）ThisproblemismorethanachildlikeJackcansettle.这一问题超出了像杰克这样的小孩的解决能力。6.nomorethan意思是“仅仅，不过，只是”。例如：（1）Allhiseducationaddeduptonomorethanoneyear.他接受的所有的学校教育只有一年。（2）Theirnewflathasnomorethan60squaremetres.他们的新居只有60平方米。7.notmorethan表示“至多，不超过”，例如：Lyingonthegroundwasapeasantboyofnotmorethanseventeen.躺在地上的那个农家男孩最多十七岁YouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?JaneAddams(1860-1935)AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity(社区)bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.RachelCarson(1907-1964)Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld’slakesandoceans.SandraDayO’Connor(1930-present)WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(参议员)and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU.S.SupremeCourt.O’Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.RosaParks(1913-2005)OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RosaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoawhitepassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,”saidParks.21.WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?A.Hersocialwork.B.Herteachingskills.C.Hereffortstowinaprize.D.Hercommunitybackground.22.WhatisthereasonforO‟Connor‟sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?A.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.B.Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.C.Thediscriminationagainstwomen.D.Thepoorfinancialconditions.23.Whomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil-rightsmovementintheU.S.?A.JaneAddams.B.RachelCarson.C.SandraDayO’Connor.D.RosaPark.24.Whatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedinthetext?A.Theyarehighlyeducated.B.Theyaretrulycreative.C.Theyarepioneers.D.Theyarepeace-lovers.答案及解析:知识点：人物传记/故事类阅读文章介绍了四位伟大的女性：JaneAddams,RachelCarson,SandraDayO’Connor,RosaParks的具体贡献及影响。21.A细节理解题。根据JaneAddams部分的AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.可知JaneAddams在历史上主要以她的社会工作而出名，贡献A.22.C本小题考查考生理解文中具体信息的能力。首先迅速找到O’Connor段落。根据本段“shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman”可知她被拒绝是因为她是女性，这是对女性的性别歧视。本题学生出错多半是因为discrimination一词不熟悉。23.D细节理解题。根据RosaParks部分的Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.可知RosaParks因在公交车上拒绝为白人让座而拉开了民权运动的序幕，所以她对美国民权运动做出了很大贡献，贡献D.24.C推理判断题。根据文章内容可知JaneAddams是第一个获诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性；RachelCarson的作品SilentSpring提高了人们对污染的危险性和化学物质对人类和环境的危害性的认识；SandraDayO’Connor是美国首位联邦最高法院女法官；RosaParks的行为拉开了民权运动的序幕；她们都是先锋者，故选C.推理判断题的解题方法：推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了做出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。此类题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。另外hear听见hearof/about听说hearfrom收到某人的来信of/among+n/代词表示范围在所有的……中outstanding杰出的listn清单v列清单非谓语动词n与后面的非谓语动词如果是主谓关系那么非谓语动词用doingn与后面的非谓语动词如果是动宾关系那么非谓语动词用donein/duringthepast100years在过去的100年里thank/appreciate/gratefulthank作为及物动词，常用搭配是thanksb(forsth/fordoingsth)，如：Shesaidgoodbyeandthankedusforcoming.thank表示“感谢”，习惯上只接“人”作宾语，而不能接“事”作宾语：正：Thankyouforyourhelp.误：Thankyourhelp.另外的用法：havesbtothankfor(doing)sth归功于，如：Ihavemyparentstothankformysuccess.appreciate作为“感激”解释时是及物动词，常用搭配：appreciatedoingsth，后跟动名词或代词it代指的事情。习惯上只能接“事”作宾语(object)，而不能接“人”作宾语：正：I'dappreciatesomehelp.误：I'dappreciateyouforsomehelp.appreciate也指“欣赏”“意识到”grateful没有相应的动词，它的常用搭配是begratefultosbforsth，或者后面跟不定式或that从句，如：Iamextremelygratefultoalltheteachersfortheirhelp.Asenseof+n……感/意识asenseofhunger饥饿感responsibility责任感humor幽默感direction方向感belonging归属感shelter避难所promote促进/推进/提升peopleinneed需要帮助的人inneed需要帮助的/困难的afriendinneedisafriendindeed患难见真情indeed确实exist存在therebe=thereexistraise举起，抬高/筹集/养育/提升是及物动词区别于rise上升是个不及物动词用于日月云烟雾热气，河水物价温度计的上升awareness意识beawareof意识到=beconsciousof意识到effectonsb/sth对于……的影响firm公司/坚固的state州/国家/状况，情况supreme最高的=top.Court法院case案例/情形setoff出发/开始/引起/点燃landn土地v着陆/放……到……中Boycott联合抵制kickoff踢开/使开始civil公民的-rights人权right正确的/权利Betiredwith/from因为……而累betiredof厌倦……noten笔记v注意/记录noted著名的benotedfor=befamousfor=beknownfor因为……而出名discriminate歧视Financial财政的makeacontribution做出贡献GrandparentsAnsweraCallAsathird-generationnativeofBrownsville,Texas,MildredGarzaneverplannedtomoveaway.EvenwhenherdaughterandsonaskedhertomovetoSanAntoniotohelpwiththeirchildren,shepolitelyrefused.OnlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMs.Garzafinallysayyes.Thatwasfouryearsago.Todayallthreegenerationsregardthemoveasasuccess,givingthemacloserrelationshipthantheywouldhavehadinseparatecities.NostatisticsshowthenumberofgrandparentslikeGarzawhoaremovingclosertoadultchildrenandgrandchildren.Yetthereisevidencesuggestingthatthetrendisgrowing.EvenPresidentObama’smother-in-law,MarianRobinson,hasagreedtoleaveChicagoandmoveintotheWhiteHousetohelpcareforhergranddaughters.Accordingtoastudyby,83percentofthepeoplesaidMrs.Robinson’sdecisionwillinfluencegrandparentsintheAmericanfamily.Two-thirdsbelievemorefamilieswillfollowtheexampleofObama’sfamily.“Inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn’tgetawayfromhomefarenoughorfastenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown,”saysChristineCrosby,publisherofGrand,amagazineforgrandparents.“Wenowrealizehowimportantfamilyisandhowimportantitistobenearthem,especiallywhenyou’reraisingchildren.”Movingisnotforeveryone.Almosteverygrandparentwantstobewithhisorhergrandchildrenandiswillingtomakesacrifices,butsometimesitiswisertosaynoandvisitfrequentlyinstead.Havingyourgrandchildrenfarawayishard,especiallyknowingyouradultchildisstruggling,butgivingupthelifeyouknowmaybeharder.25.WhywasGarza’smoveasuccess?AA．Itstrengthenedherfamilyties.B．Itimprovedherlivingconditions.C．Itenabledhertomakemorefriends.D．Ithelpedherknowmorenewplaces.26.WhatwasthereactionofthepublictoMrs.Robinson’sdecision?DA．17%expressedtheirsupportforit.B．Fewpeoplerespondedsympathetically.C．83%believedithadabadinfluence.D．Themajoritythoughtitwasatrend.27.WhatdidCrosbysayaboutpeopleinthe1960s?CA．Theywereunsureofthemselves.B．Theywereeagertoraisemorechildren.C．Theywantedtoliveawayfromtheirparents.D．Theyhadlittlerespectfortheirgrandparents.28.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestthegrandparentsdointhelastparagraph?AA.Makedecisionsinthebestinterestsoftheirown.B.Asktheirchildrentopaymorevisitstothem.C.Sacrificefortheirstrugglingchildren.D.Gettoknowthemselvesbetter短文分析：本文是一篇关于人与社会问题的报道类夹叙夹议文本，通过描述部分祖父母选择搬去和孩子们生活在一起，以便为孩子们提供帮助，引发更多人的选择与思考。包含了考查考生对某种社会现象的观察与思考能力，同时弘扬了爱幼与尊老的美德。题目设置上考查了获取细节类具体信息的能力，同时也考查了考生对某个事实的理解判断能力。考生可根据题干问题，定位有效信息，再进行甄别思考。25.A本小题考查考生理解文中具体信息的能力。根据第一段最后一句“Todayallthreegenerationsregardthemoveasasuccess,givingthemacloserrelationshipthantheywouldhavehadinseparatecities.”可知这次搬家给他们带来了更紧密的家庭联系。26.D本小题考查考生理解文中具体信息的能力。根据第二段结尾处“...83percentofthepeoplesaidMrs.Robinson’sdecisionwillinfluencegrandparentsintheAmericanfamily.Two-thirdsbelievemorefamilieswillfollowtheexampleofObama’sfamily.”可知83%的人认为Mrs.Robinson的决定会影响美国家庭，2/3的人相信更多家庭会效仿，所以“多数人认为这是一种趋势。”27.C本小题考查考生简单判断和推理的能力。根据第三段第一句“Inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn’tgetawayfromhomefarenoughorfastenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown,”可知那时的人们一心希望离家越远越好、越快越好。本题出错主要原因在于考生对“can’t...enough表示越……越好”不熟悉，而按字面理解成了“没能力离家足够远”。28.A本小题考查作者的观点态度。第四段首句“Movingisnotforeveryone”已经说明“移居并非适合每一个人”，再结合下文“Havingyourgrandchildrenfarawayishard,especiallyknowingyouradultchildisstruggling,butgivingupthelifeyouknowmaybeharder.”可知“（祖父母）得知孩子们在异地艰苦的生活，是很难过的，但（祖父母）放弃自己熟悉的生活也许会更难过”，所以推断出作者建议“作选择时要慎重，要以自己最大的需求为衡量标准”。备考建议：社会现象类的文本是备考的重要部分，此类文本不仅要求学生读懂事实信息，还要理解作者的意图态度。所以备考中注意扫清用词句式等阅读障碍，更要教会学生读懂字里行间话外之音。题目设置上既关注细节信息，又关注推理判断和观点态度。另外Makeacall打电话answeracall接电话native本地人genaration代only+状语(时间状语/方式状语……)位于句首，句子用半倒装(即be动词，助动词，情态动词提前)如:onlyinthisway,canwegetintoagooduniversity.视……为……regard/treat/consider/view/thinkof/takesthassthtreathimasmybestfriendseparate分离的，分开的statistics数据evidence证据suggest建议/暗示/表明=showtrend趋势carefor=lookafter=takecareof照顾20世纪80年代inthe1980S/inthe1980‘S分数表达:子基母序，分子大于1.分母加S.加连字符不加连字符都行1/3onethird2/3twothirdsOnone‘sown某人自己bewillingtosth愿意做某事make.sacrifice做出牺牲instead反而；代替；反倒struggle挣扎enablesbtodosth使某人做某事strengen加强tiev系n领带，关系reaction反应respond回应sympathetic同情的sympath同情Wewerealittlewildandcouldnotgetawayfromhomefarenoughorfastenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown.注意特殊句式cannotdo……too/enough……无论怎么做也不过分Icannotpraisethisfilmhighlyenough.=Icannotpraisethisfilmtoomuch.=Icanhardlypraisethisfilmtoohighly.这部电影无论怎样赞扬都不过分。Cannot中的not可以与hardly,never等替换。Interest兴趣/利息，利益，好处CIampeterHodes,avolunteerstemcellcourier.SinceMarch2012,I'vedone89trips—ofthose,51havebeenabroad.Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells(干细胞)inmylittleboxbecauseI’vegottwoicepacksandthat’showlongtheylast.Inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor(捐献者)tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient,we’vegot72hoursatmost.SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.IhadonetriplastyearwhereIwascaughtbyahurricaneinAmerica.IpickedupthestemcellsinProvidence,RhodeIsland,andwasmeanttoflytoWashingtonthenbacktoLondon.ButwhenIarrivedatthecheck-indeskatProvidence,theladyonthedesksaid:“Well,I’mreallysorry,I’vegotsomebadnewsforyou—therearenoflightsfromWashington.”SoItookmyboxandputitonthedeskandIsaid:“Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatareurgentlyneededforapatient—please,please,you’vegottogetmebacktotheUnitedKingdom.”Shejustdroppedeverything.Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplanetobeheldforme,re-routed(改道)methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled.Forthiscourierjob,you’reconsciouslyawarethatinthatboxyou’vegotsomethingthatispotentiallygoingtosavesomebody’slife.29.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“courier”inParagraph1?A.provider

B.deliveryman

C.collector

D.medicaldoctor30.WhydoesPeterhavetocompletehistripwithin42hours?A.Hecannotstayawayfromhisjobtoolong.B.Thedonorcanonlywaitforthatlong.C.Theoperationneedsthatmuchtime.D.Theicewon’tlastanylonger.31.WhichflightdidthewomanputPeteronfirst?A.ToLondon.

B.ToNewark.

C.ToProvidence.

D.ToWashington.短文分析：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者是一名志愿者，在一次运送干细胞时遭遇到飓风，航班推迟，在机场工作人员热心帮助下改道Newark顺利完成任务的故事。无论是作者的志愿者身份，还是机场工作人员的无私帮助，都体现了助人为乐予人玫瑰的积极思想。本文无论是文章内容还是题目设置，都比较简单。试题分析：29.B本小题考查考生词义猜测的能力。根据“...I’vedone89tripsofthose,51havebeenabroad.Ihave42hourstocarrystemcellsinmylittlebox...”可知我的任务就是运送干细胞，所以猜测词义为“运送人员”。30.D本小题考查考生理解文中具体信息的能力。根据第一段“...becauseI’vegottwoicepacksandthat’showlongtheylast”可知作者的两个冰袋只能维持这么长时间。31.B本小题考查考生理解文中具体信息的能力。根据第二段“Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplanetobeheldforme,re-routedmethroughNewark...”可知作者途经Newark再返回UK。此题考生出错主要是被“...gotmebacktotheUK”所干扰，忽视了细节。备考建议：记叙文属于高考必备篇目。本题型通常文本较简单，多采用第一人称视角，给考生以身临其境的直观感受。题目设置上以考查具体信息为主。备考时主要培养学生阅读速度与精度，考查学生是否能迅速抓住大意并准确找到题目出处的能力和适当结合文章内容推理判断等的能力。另外Stemcell干细胞stem茎stemfrom来源于……Courier导游/信使(传递信息或文件的)/通讯员packn包裹v打包harvest收获/获得implant移植atmost至多atleast至少hurricane飓风beconsciousof=beawareof意识到有觉悟consciously自觉地，有意识地be/getcaught被困pickup捡起/搭载/偶然学到check-indesk检查台bemeanttodosth应该做某事/命中注定做某事flight航班urgent急切的，迫切的hold握住/容纳/举办/保留，保存original最初的schedualn时刻表v安排stayawayfrom与……保持距离/远离……lastv持续operation手术/操作Compete竞争completeadj完整的v完成completewith具有配套的……Themeaningofsilencevariesamongculturalgroups.Silencesmaybethoughtful,ortheymaybeemptywhenapersonhasnothingtosay.Asilenceinaconversationmayalsoshowstubbornness,uneasinessorworry.Silencemaybeviewedbysomeculturalgroupsasextremelyuncomfortable;thereforeattemptsmaybemadetofilleverygap(间隙)withconversation.Personsinotherculturalgroupsvaluesilenceandviewitasnecessaryforunderstandingaperson’sneeds.ManyNativeAmericansvaluesilenceandfeelitisabasicpartofcommunicatingamongpeople,justassometraditionalChineseandThaipersonsdo.Therefore,whenapersonfromoneoftheseculturesisspeakingandsuddenlystops,whatmaybeimplied(暗示)isthatthepersonwantsthelistenertoconsiderwhathasbeensaidbeforecontinuing.Inthesecultures,silenceisacallforreflection.Otherculturesmayusesilenceinotherways,particularlywhendealingwithconflictsamongpeopleorinrelationshipsofpeoplewithdifferentamountsofpower.Forexample,Russian,French,andSpanishpersonsmayusesilencetoshowagreementbetweenpartiesaboutthetopicunderdiscussion.However,Mexicansmayusesilencewheninstructionsaregivenbyapersoninauthorityratherthanberudetothatpersonbyarguingwithhimorher.Instillanotheruse,personsinAsianculturesmayviewsilenceasasignofrespect,particularlytoanelderorapersoninauthority.Nursesandothercare-giversneedtobeawareofthepossiblemea