全国大学生英语竞赛写作部分解题技巧与评析(阅卷老师经验谈)

大英竞赛写作部分解题技巧与评析全国大学生英语竞赛中的作文测试由两部分构成，分别是一篇120词左右的应用文与一篇150词左右的看图作文，分值各为10分与20分。书面表达是考核学生语言综合应用能力的一种题型，也是各级、各类考试中考生感到最难、最没有把握的项目之一。全国大学生英语竞赛要求考生在规定时间内完成两篇不同体裁的文章，其难度可想而知。一、应用文写作的技巧与注意事项应用文是我们在日常学习、工作、生活中处理事务、商洽工作所必需的常用文体，具有很高的实用价值。应用文的命题形式主要为私人信件、备忘录、报告、便条。所涉及的内容主要是关于日常交际与生活方面的，诸如写信就某事表示感谢、求助或道歉，因产品或服务而写信投诉或索赔；就某些事务活动，如开会、购买物品等，写个备忘录或报告；留言或出售物品的便条；应聘、求职方面的信函。从形式上来看，应用文的写作都有一定的格式。由于平时练习较少，大多数考生对此题型较为陌生，写作中存在的主要问题除了语言上的错误之外还突出表现在：不熟悉英语应用文的行文格式；语域运用能力差（语域指在书面语和口语表达中根据不同的交际对象，所采用的话语方式，即正式、一般、非正式的话语等）。总结起来，应用文的写作要遵循“五个C”的原则，causesmanykindsofdiseases.Thedangerofsmokingiswarnedofeverywhere.Besides,manyfiresarecausedbycarelesssmokers.Asyourroommateswearesometimesreallyannoyedbyyoursmoking.Today,moreandmorepeoplearebeginningtorealizetheharmofsmokinganddecidetogiveitup.Ontheotherhand,manypeoplefinditdifficulttostopsmoking.However,weareshowinggreatconfidencetoyou.Sincewehavebeentogetherfortwoyears,weknowthatyouareadeterminedperson.Onceyousetagoalyouwilltryeverymeanstorealizeit.Thistimewearesurethatyouwillgiveupsmokingforthesakeofyourhealth.Sincerelyyours,LiMing二、看图作文的写作技巧与注意事项看图作文的一个难点就是审题，也就是从图画提供的有关信息中提炼出观点。这种观点或者是对图表信息的概括，或者是依据图表信息对发展趋势进行预测。图画作文的关键是，不能就事论事，不能画了什么就只谈什么，而要善于就图画反映的社会现象进行探讨。审题构思时要注意提纲要求、图画寓意和情景说明，三个角度都考虑到位了，再通过象征联想原则，把画面信息放大，联想到画面细节所象征的特殊意义。创作时往往采取三段式结构，结合提纲严谨创作。第一段为图画描述段，详细描述图画信息，争取能把各种细节一网打尽，但不能随意联想到画面以外的东西。第二段往往为意义阐释段，要点出画面信息所象征的抽象意义，指出图画/讽刺画所传达出的真正涵义。第三段往往是建议措施段或者举例论证段。现以2006年A级决赛题为例予以说明。Directions:Studythefollowingpicturecarefullyandwriteacompositionto1)describethepicture,2)interpretitsmeaning,and3)giveyoursuggestionastothebestwaytofindhappiness.Youshouldwriteabout150words.NowwritethecompositionontheAnswerSheet.按照写作指令的要求，这篇作文应当包括三部分，即：1.描述图中的内容(describethepicture)；2.解释画面的含义(interpretitsmeaning)；3.给出你的建议(giveyoursuggestion)——你认为获得幸福的最佳途径是什么。【参考范文】WealthandHappinessDifferentpeoplemayhavedifferentanswerstotheconceptofhappiness.Theyoungmaninthepictureisthinkingofthisquestion:wealth,loveorhealth?Differentchoicesmayleadtodifferentgoalsinourlife.Inmyopinion,thebestwayoffindinghappinessliesinwealth.Why?Everybodywantstogetwealth.Intoday’smaterialworld,makingmoneyorbecomingwealthysymbolizesaperson’ssuccessandcapability.Manypeoplejustmakeeveryeffort;payanypricetoattaingreaterwealth.Peoplecannotdoanythingwithoutmoney,butmoneyisnoteverything.Whatmoneywillbringyoudependsonyourpersonalbeliefandgoalinlife.Ifyouarekindenoughtohelpothers,especiallythepoor,moneyisagoodthingtoyou.Withit,youcandomuchmoreforthebenefitofpeopleandyourcountry,anditwilladdtoyourownhappiness.Ifyouwantmoneyjustforyourownneeds,you’llneverbesatisfiedorhappy.Inaword,youshouldhavemoneyspentformorepeople,onlythencanmoneybethesourceofyourhappiness.专项练习：WritingTaskIDirections:ThereisanerrorinanEnglishmagazinethatyoufeelmustbecorrected.Writealettertotheeditorto1)pointoutthemistake;2)suggestthecorrection;3)expressyourinterestinthemagazine.Youshouldwriteabout120words.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.TaskIIDirections:Lookatthefollowingpictureandwriteanarticle,whichshouldmeetthefollowingtworequirements:1)Interpretthemessageconveyedbythepicture;2)makeyourcommentsonwhatisrepresented.Nowwriteacompositionofabout150words.大学生英语竞赛写作部分解题技巧与评析参考答案TaskIDearEditor,I’maloyalChinesereaderofyourmagazineGlobalTraveling.IhavereadthearticleentitledAWindowtotheOutsideWorldthatappearedinthelatestissue.InthisarticletheauthormentionedthatbothLiBaiandSuDongpoweregreatpoetsintheSongDynasty.ButactuallythisisnotthecaseandLiBaiisoneofthegreatestfiguresintheTangDynasty.Ithinkthispointshouldbemadecleartothereaderstoavoidconfusingandmisleading.GlobalTravelingismyfavoritemagazineandIhavebeenreadingitforfiveyears.I’mfondoftravelinganditcanbroadenourhorizonandIcangetalotoffun.Mydreamistotravelaroundtheworldbymyself.Yourmagazinehashelpedmetorealizemydreamtosomeextent.Ienjoythebigpicturesinitandtheyaresoappealingtome.Moreover,thelanguageissoidiomaticthatmyEnglishhasdramaticallyimprovedunconsciously.Inaword,nowordscanexpressmygratitudetoyourmagazine.Bestwishestoyouandyourmagazine!Sincerelyyours,LiMingTaskIILifelongEducationThepictureshowsthatmanypeoplearebusygoingtoattenddifferentclassestoenrichtheirmind.Nowadayswiththedevelopmentoftheincreasinglycompetitivesociety,manypeoplefeelthenecessitytofurthertheirstudyindifferentareas.LifelongeducationisbecomingafashioninChina.Knowledgeispower.Everybodyknowsitandthemainwayforustogainknowledgeisfromlearning.Educationisnotanend,butameanstoanend.Inotherwords,ourpurposeistobefitforlife.Insomemoderncountriesithasbeenfashionabletothinkthatlifelongeducationforallcansolvetheproblemsofsocietyandbuildaperfectnation.Infact,whenwesaythatallofusmustbeeducatedtobefitforlife,itmeansthatwemustbeeducatedinsuchawaythat,firstly,eachofuscandowhateverworkissuitedtoourbrainsandabilityand,secondly,thatwecanrealizethatalljobsarenecessarytosociety.