新视野大学英语第三册读写教程

Book3u⁰mi22Section

A2I.

Structure

AnalysisThe

whole

essay

is

written

in

a

typicalproblem-analysis-solution-evaluationpattern.ProblemAnalysisSolutionEvaluationlron

andEffects

of

ExerciseCentral

Topic:Exercise,

even

moderate

exercise,

may

lead

to

reduced

iron

in

the

blood

of

women.Supporting

details:A

new

study

is

cited

to

support

thetopic.Part

I(Para.1-3)003

2exUSudvStrucuureAnaVSISEffect

(Para.

4):Iron

deficiency

is

verycommon

among

women.Cause

1

(Para.

5)-Cause2(Para.6)(As

to

Cause

&

Effect

writing,

please

goto

Structure

Writing)

2

lextStudv-Structure

AnaVSISPart

II(Para.4-6)3

stages

of

iron

deficiency

(Para.7-8)Check

iron

deficiency

(Para.

9)Suggested

ways

to

correct

iron

deficiency

(Para.

10-12)2

exUSuev-Surucuure

AnaVSISPart

IIIII.

Understanding

Main

ideasThe

text

looks

into

the

question

of

iron

and

how

exercise

can

affect

its

levels

in

the

human

body.

With

the

help

of

the

given

hints

and

according

to

the

text,use

your

own

words

toelaborate

the

relevant

points.2

lexu

Suudy-Underslanding2Main

Idea

ofPart

I(Para

1-3)Three

groups

of

people

who

are

likely

to

suffer1.Endurance

athletes,

particularly

females

(Para.1)2.

Inactive

women

who

started

a

program

of

moderate

exercise

(Para.2)3.

The

new

exercisers

who

followed

their

normaldiet

(Para.3)from

iron

deficiency2

exuuuavUndersanaingMain

Idea

of

Part

II(Para.4-6)4

general

causes

for

iron

deficiency

(Para

4-6):1.Too

many

women

ignore

the

amount

of

iron

they

take

in;2.

Women's

monthly

bleeding

is

a

major

source

of

iron

loss;3.Many

women

increase

their

risk

of

iron

loss

by

rejecting

red

meat;4.

Women

are

liable

to

experience

a

deficiency

as

a

result

of

restricting

their

diet

in

weight

controltake

in;

only2/3

of

therecommended

daily

allowanceiron

loss2

lexu

suay=UnderslandingMain

Idea

of

Part

III(Para.

7-12)3

stages

of

iron

deficiency

(Para.

7-8)symptomsfatigue

andpoor

performanceoften

feelweak,

tiredand

out

ofbreath

StageStageStage1232

uay=UnderstandineMain

Idea

of

Part

III(Para.7-

12)Check

iron

deficiency

(Para.

9)the

blood

proteina

different

compoundSuggested

ways

to

correct

iron

deficiency

(Para.

10)supplements

iron-rich

foodsbeans

datesBest

sourcesof

irons?meat,

chicken,

fish

leafy

green

vegetableschecking2

lexu

Suuay=UndersanaingMain

Idea

of

Part

III(Para.

7-12)Suggested

ways

to

correct

iron

deficiency

(Para

12)iron-addedcerealsiron

pan

ceramic

cooking

potOrOrYesNo2

leXLSuuaV-SummarvIII.

SummaryIt

is

not

infrequent

for

the

bodies

of

enduranceathletes

to

be

deficient

in

iron.

In

particular,

female

athletes

often

have

this

problem.

Even

moderate

exercise

can

cause

the

problem.

A

study

indicated

that

formerlyinactive

womenshowed

a

decrease

in

iron

levels.

Iron

deficiency

affects

many

women,

includingexercising

women,

health-

conscious

women,etc.0003

2

ext

Studv—SummarvIII.

SummaryThere

are

3

stages

of

iron

deficiency.

However,

most

people

with

low

ironreserves

don't

know

they

have

a

deficiency.

So

it's

advisable

for

people

to

have

a

yearlyblood

test.

In

addition,

people

are

suggestedto

modify

their

diet

or

take

supplements

such

as

adding

more

iron-rich

foods.IV.

Focus

Study1.

But

the

new

exercisers

who

followed

theirnormal

diet

showed

a

decrease

in

iron

levels.但突然参加锻炼却仍沿用旧食谱的人则显示出铁含量降低。”while

going

on

with

their

diet

as

usual

showed

adecrease

in

iron

levels.But

those

women

who

began

a

program

of

exercise2

(L11)In

addition,

many

women

who

care

muchabout

their

health

refuse

to

eat

red

meat

suchas

beef

and

mutton

and

thus

increase

the

danger

of

losing

iron

...2.

Plus,

many

health-conscious

women

increase

their

risk

by

rejecting

red

meat

..(L19)此外，许多保健意识太强的女性也很危险，

因为她们拒绝食用牛肉或羊肉....2

23.

And

because

women

often

restrict

their

dietin

an

effort

to

control

weight,

they

may

not

consume

enough

iron-rich

food,

and

are

liable

to

experience

a

deficiency.(L22)And

because

women

often

limit

their

food,

trying

tocontrol

weight,

they

may

not

eat

enough

foodcontaining

much

iron,

and

therefore

are

likely

to

have

less

iron

than

necessary.而且，由于女性常常为了控制体重而节食，从而未能摄取足够的含铁丰富的食物，结果可能导致缺铁。4.

For

a

woman

who

already

has

a

poor

ironstatus

,

any

additional

iron

loss

from

exercise对于那些已经缺铁的女性，任何因锻炼而产生的更多铁离子流失都足以导致体内缺铁状况的恶化。may

be

enough

to

tip

her

over

the

edge

intoa

more

serious

deficiency

...(L27)For

a

woman

who

is

already

lack

of

iron,

any

additionalmore

serious

deficiency

...iron

loss

from

exercise

maybe

enough

to

bringabout

anoticeablechangeaboutedge:bringthetipover2a...25..

and

exercise

performance

is

severely

compromised.

(L38)be

compromised

=

be

affectedseverely

=

badly运动成绩大打折扣。2

Notes

to

the

Iext—

Focus

StudV6.The

iron

content

of

tomato

sauce

cooked

inan

iron

pot

for

three

hours

showed

a

strikingin

crease,

the

level

going

up

nearly

30

times.(L67)absolute

structure

独立结构used

to

add

more

information

to

theobject

"a

striking

increase"2

woras

and

Expressions-Word

UsingV.

Words

e

Phrasesconsume

vt.(L10)1.eat

or

drink2.use,

esp.

in

large

amountsUse

ItHis

old

car

consumed

much

gasoline.(

…耗油很多。)This

is

time-consuming

work.

(

….需要时间的工作.)派生词

consumption

consumer

n.

近形词assume

假

定

presume

推

测2supplement

n.(L10)Translationa

multiple

vitamin

and

mineral

supplement复合维生素和矿物质补剂a

special

supplement

to

a

monthly

financialmagazine

一份金融月刊的特别增刊The

money

they

get

from

fruit-picking

is

often

a

supplement

to

incomes

earned

in

the

town.他们靠采摘水果所得的钱常常是城里所挣收入的补贴。respectively

ad.(L14)separately

in

the

order

mentioned同根词respective:

→→

(与“尊重”无关)各自的；分别的(对某人/某物表示尊重)恭敬的；尊敬的，有礼貌的值得尊敬的，受人尊敬的，高尚的(prep.)关于；由于，

鉴于respectful:respectable:respecting:Practiceworas

and

Expressions—Word

Using22

Woras

and

Expressions—Word

UsingBlank

Fillingrespective

respectful

respectable

respecting1.They

listened

in_respectful

silence.2.

He

was

born

in

a_respectable_family.3.These

are

problems

respecting

population

control.

4.They

became

successful

in

their

respective

fields.

5.Respectingthe

heavy

rain,

we

had

to

put

off

thematch

.6.The

older

generation

are

respectful

of

tradition.7.

He

is

a

respectable

professor

and

we

arerespectful.ratio

n.[+of/to]

a

figure

showing

the

number

oftimes

one

quantity

contains

another,

used

toshow

the

relationship

between

two

amounts

比，比率，比例voras

and

Expressions-Wordratio,

rate

n.(L14)·

The

ratio

of

10

to

5

is

2

to

1.·

The

ratio

of

nursing

staff

to

doctors

is

2:1.UsingMORE·

We

drove

at

a

steady

rate.·

The

birth

rate

is

the

number

of

births

compared·

The

drug

has

a

high

success

rate

in

curing

thedisease.rate

n.[+of]

a

quantity

such

as

value,

cost,

orspeed,

measured

by

its

relation

to

some

other

amount

比率voras

and

Expressions—Wordratio

,

rate

n.(L14)to

the

size

of

the

population.UsingThey

were

trying

to

transport

one

hundredthousand

hens

to

their

hometown

in

an

effort

towipe

out

the

plague

of

locusts.他们为了消除蝗灾正设法把十万只母鸡运往家乡。Phrases

with

"effort"·

without

effort

毫不费力·to

do

sth.

by

an

effort

of

will

勇敢地做某事·

to

make

effort

to

do

sth.

下功夫做某事in

an

effort

to(do

sth.)(L.23)

为了……不仔细调查研究，你就会得出错误结论。Without

careful

investigation,

you

are

liable派生词

liability

(n.)2to

be

liable

to

(L.

24)to

be

likely

to

可能；有……倾向to

come

to

a

wrong

conclusion2

Woras

and

Expressions-Word

Usingallowance

n.(L26)①

the

amount

allowed

or

granted

②

sth.

such

as

money,

given

at

regular

intervals

or

for

a

specific

purposeTranslation·

Most

of

our

flights

have

a

baggage

allo

wance

of

20kgper

passenger.The

manager

traveled

on

business

with

an

allowancethat

covered

hotel

and

restaurant

bills.·

我们的大多数航班容许每位旅客免费带20

公斤行李。·

这位经理出差时有包括食宿的补贴。MOREto

be

lost

in

sweat

/

one's

work

/

thought/amazement

(L30)随汗液流失/埋头工作/沉思/不胜惊奇Translation·

我们大家都被眼前的美景所吸引。We

were

all

lost

in

admiration

of

the

beautybefore

our

eyes.Exgressions

WordUsingworasand22

Words

and

Expressions—Word

Usingcompromise

v.(L38)连累，危及Translation·You

will

compromise

your

good

name

if

youassociate

with

these

people.·

They

refused

to

compromise

their

principles

by

doing

a

deal

with

the

terrorists.·你如果与这些人交往就会损害你的好名声。·他们拒绝同恐怖分子做交易，以免原则受到损害。1)

expose

somebody

or

something

to

danger2

woras

and

Expressions—Word

Usingcompromise

v.(L38)2)

settle

by

concession

妥协，折衷compromise

with

sb.

on/over

sth.Translation·

He

refused

to

compromise

his

principles.·

Is

the

government

prepared

to

compromise

withthe

workers

over

their

pay

demand?·他拒绝放弃原则。·政府是否准备向工人就其工资要求进行妥协呢?·经过一番讨论后我们在贸易问题上达成了妥协。·

After

some

discussion

we

reach

we

reach

a

compromise

on

the

trade.efficient

有效率的

(efficiency

-n.)sufficiently(ad.)

sufficiency

(n.)insufficient(a.)There

is

no

sufficient

evidence

to

show

that

he

is

guilty.

近形词worassufficient

adj.(L46)enough近形词派生词反意词and

Expressions—word

Usingthrow

up

(L57)vomit;

be

sickTranslation这强烈的气味使我呕吐了。放弃，丢掉；否决，不接受；放弃，跟(某人)吹了More

Phrasesthrow

awaythrow

outthrow

overThe

strong

smell

made

me

throw

up.woras

and

Expressions-Word

Using2He

is

one

of

those

people

who

ca

nderive

pleasure

from

helping

others.有些人丛帮助他人中得到快乐，他便是其中之一。derive

from

(L66)①

obtain

(especially

a

feeling

or

anadvantage)

fromworas

and

Expressions-word

Using2derive

from②

come

fromTranslationT

he

town

derives

its

name

from

the

riveron

which

it

was

built.这个市镇沿河而建，

由此得名。

近形词deprive:

take

away

from

剥削，夺去deprive

sb./sth.

of

sth.woras

and

Exgressions-Word

Using2interfere

with(L70)①

prevent

sth.

or

slow

down

the

progress②

touch

or

change

sth.

without

permissionMany

people

feel

that

scientists

shouldn't

interfere

with

nature.很多人认为科学家不该做干涉大自然的事。Woras

and

Expressions-Word

Using21.I

turned

down

the

radio

lest

it

should

interferewith

his

lessons.2.

We

have

no

right

to

interfere_in

the

internal

affairs

of

other

countries.3.

Every

time

the

telephone

rings

it

interfereswith

my

work.

Comparison

interfere

ininterfere

in

sth.

指别人未请而自己主动参与interfere

with

sth.

指阻碍事情发生I

have

never

interfered

in

his

affair我从不干预他的事。worasinterfere

withand

Expresslons—Word

Usingeg.2

Woras

and

Expressions—Word

Usingremedy

v./n.(L74)①

v.

correct

or

improve

a

situationn.

a

solution

to

a

problem;

a

cure

for

painor

minor

illnessTranslation·

Efforts

to

remedy

this

fault

must

begin

right

away.·

Warmth

is

the

best

remedy

for

a

cold.·要立即纠正这个错误。·热疗是治疗感冒最好的方法。a

sports

medicine

expert运动医学专家an

endurance

athlete耐力运动员endurance

exercise耐力运动iron

deficiency/iron

loss缺铁iron

supplements铁离子补充剂women

of

child-bearing

age育龄女性iron-rich

food;含铁丰富/加铁的食品iron-added

food;food

with

fortified

ironWords

and

EXoresslons—Eto

CV.

English

to

Chinese(To

be

continued)2digestive

systemblood

vesselfatiguemolecules

of

blood

proteiniron

reserve

blood

test

physiciansurgeonsubstance(To

be

continued)消化系统血管疲劳血蛋白分子铁离子储量验血内科医生外科医生物质2

Words

and

EXpresslons—

E

to

Cmoderate

exercisebounce

backone

in

fourup

totake

inplus

health-consciousred

meatbe

liable

toout

of

breathbe

severely

compromisedlong

distance

runnersblood

testiron

potremedy

the

deficiency而且有保健意识的羊肉、牛肉

有......倾向的

呼吸急促，气喘吁吁

大打折扣长跑运动员验血铁锅弥补不足适度的锻炼反弹四人中有一人

多达，直到

吸入，吞入2缺铁的几种表达方式reduced

iron

in

the

blood

(L3)iron

loss(L6)a

decrease

in

iron

levels(L12)iron

deficiency

(L13)Structure

WritingPractical

Writing二W2

Wriing—structureI.

Structure

Writing1.Structure

AnalysisCause

and

effect

is

one

of

the

most

commonly

used

writing

techniques.There

are

two

types:·

From

effect

back

to

causes·

From

cause

to

effectswriting2.Sample

Paragraphlron

deficiency

is

very

common

amongwomen

in

genera

l,...

Lyle

says,

that"too

many

women

ignore

the

amount

of

iron

theytake

in".

Women

of

childbearing

age

are

at

greatest

risk,

since

their

monthly

bleeding

is

a

major

source

of

iron

loss.

Plus,

many

health-

conscious

women

increase

their

risk

by

rejecting

red

meat,...

And

because

women

often

restrict

their

diet

in

an

effort

to

control

weight,

they

may

not

consume

enough

iron-

rich

food,

and

are

liable

to

experience

a2

wriuing—suucture

Wrluingdeficiency.CausesEffect3·

Write·

OfferOr·

Write·

Offeran

effect.some

causes.an

cause.some

effects.3.Tips

for

writingwnune—sucture

wrunew/2034.Your