高考英语全优二轮复习训练专题四语法填空

专题四【单句基础练】考点一有提示词1．Yogadoeshelppeoplebee________(health)．2．Shetookmefromapoor,unhappycollegestudentand________(bring)meintoherworld,aworldofsmiles,loveand________(warm)．3．Thedeveloperssay________(it)learningabilitymaysomedayletputershelpsolvereal－worldproblems.4．Butthatdidn'tpreventtheboyfrombeingoneofthe________(great)posersofalltime.5．Expectedly,Jim________(inform)thathegotthejobeventually.6．Beforeshecouldexpressherthankstousmydaughtergaveherthefoodwe________(buy)forthetrip.7．________(plete)theprojectasplanned,we'llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.8．WhenIwaslittle,mymotherusedtositbymybed，________(tell)mestoriestillIfellasleep.9．Thebridge________(build)in2012wasdesignedbyalocalpany.【答案】1．healthybee之后表示“变得……”，应用形容词作表语，故填healthy。2．brought；warmth第一空所填之词与took为并列关系，应用过去式brought；第二空与smiles和love为并列关系，故填名词warmth。3．its代词修饰其后的名词learningability应用所有格，故填its。4．greatest表示“最……之一”应用最高级，故用greatest。5．wasinformedJim与inform为动宾关系，再根据got可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故用wasinformed。6．hadboughtbuy所表示的动作应在gave所表示的动作之前，为“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。7．Toplete空格处表示目的，故使用不定式形式。8．tellingtell与句子主语mymother构成主动关系，故使用现在分词作伴随状语。9．builtbuild与被修饰的名词thebridge构成被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语。考点二无提示词1．Now,yearslater,thisriverisoneof________mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.2．Buttheriverwasn'tchangedinafewdays________evenafewmonths.3．Maybeyouhaveahabit________isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.4．Igotaplacenext________thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalk.5．Theretheymetpeoplefromotherpartsofthecountry，________hadalsovolunteeredtohelp.6．Doyouknowwhy?It's________happinessstandsforsweetnessinmostpeople'sminds.7．Thisisbecauseit's________wecall“aleapyear”．8．FinallyIfoundthatshewastryingtoaskme________Ihadanextrapen.9．________youknow,wehavearrangedatriptotheartgallery.10．Iwillappreciate________ifyougivemeahandtosolvetheproblems.11．Doctorsandresearcherscanseeithappening，________theycannotprovideadescriptionofwhyitstarted.【答案】1．the后面的“mostoutstanding”为最高级，其前面要用定冠词the。2．or“afewdays”和“afewmonths”为并列关系，且此句是否定句，因此要用or连接。3．that/which定语从句的先行词为前面的habit，因此要用that或which引导。4．tonextto是固定短语，意为“挨着”。5．who根据空格后面的部分可知，先行词应为people，非限制性定语从句的引导词只能用who。6．because根据前句中的why可判定应用because。7．what所填的词引导表语从句，且在从句中作call的宾语，故用what。8．whether/if句意：最后我发现，她想问我是否我有备用的钢笔。故用whether/if。9．As引导定语从句位于句首，表示“正如”使用关系代词as。10．itIwillappreciateitif…为固定句式，意为“如果……，我将不胜感激”。11．but前后为转折关系，故用but。【真题达标组】A(2019全国卷Ⅲ)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraining1.________hardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake2.________(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack3.________dogs,seventobeexact.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters4.________hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesand5.________(remend)wonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.Forbreakfast,wewereabletoeatpapaya(木瓜)andotherfruitsfromtheirtreesinthebackyard.Whentheywerefreefromwork,theyinvitedustolocaleventsandletusknowofaninteresting6.________(pete)towatch,togetherwiththestorybehindit.Theyalsosharedwithusmany7.________(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere8.________(huge)popularwithtourists.Onthelastdayofourweek－longstay,we9.________(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,10.________(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.【语篇解读】作者介绍了他们在PearlCity被当地人们热情款待的过程。1．soso…that…是固定搭配，意为“如此……以致于……”。2．toget该句式中it作形式主语，使用不定式后置作真正的主语。3．ofapackof意为“一群”。4．who此句为定语从句，先行词masters指人，在从句中作主语，因此关系词用who。5．remendedand连接两个并列的句子，前后时态要保持一致。6．petition冠词an修饰名词，故此处应用pete的名词形式。7．traditional此空作定语修饰后面的名词stories，故应用形容词。8．hugely此空修饰形容词popular，故应用副词。9．wereinvited此处表示“我们被邀请”，而且全文都是过去时态，故用一般过去时的被动语态。10．listening此处用现在分词作伴随状语。B(2018全国卷Ⅲ)I'mnotsure1.______ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.I'mwalkingonapathintheforestintheCentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly,I'mface－to－facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat2.______topofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400－poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe3.______(loud)ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid4.______(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel5.______(challenge)．MynameisMireyaMayor.I'ma6.______(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.Iwassearching7.______thesethreewesternlowlandgorillasI'dbeenobserving.Noonehadseenthemforhours,andmycolleaguesandIwereworried.WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind8.______(they)alive.Truetoagorilla'sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal9.______(mean)menorealharm.Hewasjustsaying:“I'mkingofthisforest,andhereisyourreminder！”Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme10.______(stay)andwatch.【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在中非偶遇大猩猩，彼此惊恐的经历。1．which句意：我不确定哪一个更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，所以用which表示“哪一个”2．the此处为固定短语“atthetopof”，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。3．loudest根据后面的“ofall”可知，他的声音最大，所以用最高级loudest。4．looking动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。5．challenged根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。feel为感官动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。6．scientist根据语境可知，“我”是一名科学家。scientist科学家。7．forsearchfor是固定搭配，表示“寻找”，表示“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。8．them此处做find的宾语，所以用宾格them。9．meant分析本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语，再根据文章时态可知要用一般过去时，所以用meant。10．tostay固定短语allowsb.todo“允许某人做某事”，应该用tostay。C(2017全国卷Ⅰ)Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalmunity(医学界)1.______amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside2.______(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease—theverythingthemedicalmunitywastryingtofight.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired3.______(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt4.5.6.______(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood7.______(be)fulloffatandsalt;by8.______(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be9.______(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth，10.______isnotgoodforthehealth.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分，人们的态度不一。脂肪和盐分对于健康来说是必不可少的，但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分，自身的健康将会受到损害。1．as句意：这一趋势最初始于医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。as表示“作为，以……身份”，故填as。2．effects根据前文的some可知，“sideeffect”有很多，故填effects。3．toprocess句型requiresb.todosth.意为“要求某人做某事”，其被动形式为“sb.berequiredtodosth.”4．areremovedfat，salt和move之间是被动关系，脂肪和盐分是两种东西，故使用被动语态areremoved。5．aasaresult为固定搭配，意为“结果”。6．worse句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了，故填worse。7．is句意：快餐食物中满是脂肪和盐。fastfood的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式，故填is。8．eating句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。根据前文中的by可知此处应该填－ing分词，故填eating。9．careful句意：然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词作表语，故填careful。10．which句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析句子结构可知：“whichisnotgoodforthehealth”为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整句话。【模拟提能组】A(清华大学附中2019年高三下学期“一模”)Forthosewholovetravel,particularlyrailtravel,Chinain1987wasacan't－misskindofplace.In1987,Chinawasstilloperatingsteamtrainsonsomerailroutes,1.______madepeoplefrommanycountriesamazed.BruceConnolly,aphotographerfromScotland,2.______(be)oneofthem.ConnollyfirstcametoChinain1987,3.______(start)hiscontinuoustravellingthroughoutChina.Sincethen,he4.______(travel)tomostpartsofChinaexceptFujian,ZhejiangandJiangxi.Whereverhewent,hiscameraremainedbyhisside.DuringhisjourneysinChina,ConnollyfoundChinaverydifferentfrom5.______hesawinphotographs,whichshowedChinesepeopleveryreligiousinthewaytheydressedandbehaved.6.______,whathesawwasthatpeoplewere7.______(friend),welingandworebrightclothes.Intheearlyyearsofhisjourney,mostChinesepeoplewerefascinatedwithforeignersvisitingChina,butnowthathaschangedincitiessuchasBeijingandShanghai,foreignersarenolonger8.______(curious)．AnotherdramaticchangethatConnollyhasfeltinChinais9.______widespreaduseofnewtechnology.Chinahasbeeoneofthemosttech－savvy(懂技术的)societies.Peoplenowdoeverythingwith10.______(they)smartphones,anduseofcashisalmostdisappearing.【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。文章讲述了来自苏格兰的摄影师BruceConnolly自1987年首次来到中国，用镜头见证了中国几十年间的变化。尤令他惊诧不已的是新技术的广泛应用，他认为中国已成为一个最懂技术的社会，现在人们用智能做任何事情，现金的使用几乎正在消失。1．which句意：1987年，中国仍在一些铁路线上运行蒸汽火车，这让许多国家的人感到惊讶。根据结构分析可知，先行项为主句整句，“中国仍在一些铁路线上运行蒸汽火车”，在从句中作主语，用which指代整个句子。故填which。2．was该句主语为BruceConnolly，谓语用第三人称单数，用一般过去时态，故填was。3．starting空格处动词结构作伴随状语，与主语之间为主动关系，用starting。4．hastravel(l)ed根据时间状语“sincethen”可知，此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，用hastravel(l)ed。5．what句意：在中国的旅途中，Connolly发现中国与他在照片中看到的非常不同。分析句子结构可知，此处从句作from的宾语，宾语从句“hesawinphotographs”中谓语动词saw缺少宾语成分，故用what指代“所……的东西”。6．Instead根据上下文语境，本句与上一句为转折关系，用副词Instead(代替，反而)。7．friendly此处用friendly作表语，意为“友好的”。8．curiosities句意：这种情况在北京和上海等城市已经发生了变化，外国人不再是稀罕之物。curiosity意为“珍奇异宝”，应用复数形式，作表语，故填curiosities。9．the“__9__widespreaduseofnewtechnology”此处为特指，“新技术的广泛应用”，用the。10．their修饰其后的名词“smartphones”可知，此处用形容词性物主代词their。B(长春市普通高中2019年高三质量监测二)HaveyoueverbeentoaMichelinrestaurant?Formostchefs,there'sno1.______(big)honorthanhavingyourrestaurantawardedaMichelinstar,letalonethree.2.______that'snotthecaseforSebastienBras,46,oneofFrance'smostfamouschefs.Heistheheadofathree－starrestaurant,LeSuquet,3.______islocatedinthecenterofParis.Acoupleofdaysago,he4.______(announce)thathewantedtoberemovedfromnextyear'sMichelingu