应用英语教程综合英语4 课件 Unit 9 Information Security、Unit 10 Fantasy and Science Fiction

Pre-ClassTasksBackgroundKnowledgeTextATextBPre-ClassTasksI.Mini-ResearchSearchontheInternetforinformationabouttheDeepWebandSurfaceWebandanswerthefollowingquestions.Whatisinformationsecurity?Informationsecurity,oftenabbreviated(InfoSec),isasetofsecurityproceduresandtoolsthatbroadlyprotectsensitiveenterpriseinformationfrommisuse,unauthorizedaccess,disruption,ordestruction.InfoSecencompassesphysicalandenvironmentalsecurity,accesscontrol,andcybersecurity.Itoftenincludestechnologieslikecloudaccesssecuritybrokers(CASB),deceptiontools,endpointdetectionandresponse(EDR),andsecuritytestingforDevOps(DevSecOps),amongothers.Pre-ClassTasksI.Mini-ResearchSearchontheInternetforinformationabouttheDeepWebandSurfaceWebandanswerthefollowingquestions.2.Whatarethepossiblewaystoprotectpersonalinformationonlineandoffline?Crimeisasoldastime,butit’stakenonanewfacewiththeriseoftechnology.Thesedays,youhavetoprotectyourpersonalinformationontwofronts:onlineandoffline.Thefactistherearenumerouswayssomeonecangetyourinformation.Topreventhacking,youneedtoemploysafetymeasures.Startwiththeseessentialtipsforonlineandofflineprotection.Pre-ClassTasksI.Mini-ResearchSearchontheInternetforinformationabouttheDeepWebandSurfaceWebandanswerthefollowingquestions.2.Whatarethepossiblewaystoprotectpersonalinformationonlineandoffline?1)OptforTwo-FactorAuthenticationTwo-factorauthenticationisastrongandtrustedsafeguardagainstidentitytheft.Youfirstenteryourusernameandpassword.Next,entertheone-timeverificationcodethesitesendstoyourphoneoremailtocompleteyourlog-in.2)MakeEveryPasswordUniqueUseauniquepasswordforeveryaccountyouhaveandmakethosepasswordscomplex.Theyshouldincludenumbers,lowercaseanduppercaseletters,andspecialcharacters.Pre-ClassTasksI.Mini-ResearchSearchontheInternetforinformationabouttheDeepWebandSurfaceWebandanswerthefollowingquestions.2.Whatarethepossiblewaystoprotectpersonalinformationonlineandoffline?3)SetRulesforPublicWi-FiAvoidvisitingsitesthathavefinancialorpersonalinformationwhileusingpublicwi-fi.Alwayssecureyourhome’swi-fiwithapassword.4)KnowWhentoShredBecarefulnottothrowawayanythingwithidentifyinginformation.Thatincludesanythingwithyourname,dateofbirth,address,oranyfinancialinformationonit.Shredthesedocumentsinstead.Pre-ClassTasksI.Mini-ResearchSearchontheInternetforinformationabouttheDeepWebandSurfaceWebandanswerthefollowingquestions.2.Whatarethepossiblewaystoprotectpersonalinformationonlineandoffline?5)WatchYourPostswithPersonalInformationonSocialMediaTherearecertainpiecesofinformationyoushouldnevershareonsocialmediaoranywhereonlineforthatmatter.Forexample,ifyougooutoftown,waittopostaboutituntilyoureturnhome.Ifyou’readvertisingthatyou’reoutoftown,you’retellingthievesthatyourhomeisemptyandreadytoberansacked.It’salsonotagoodideatopostaboutanycashwindfallsbecauseitcouldmakeyouatarget.Besurenottopostanyofyouridentifyinginformationeither,likeyouraddress,dateofbirth,orevenyouremailaddress.Anyofthatinformationcouldbeagatewaytoahackerwhoknowshowtouseit.Pre-ClassTasksI.Mini-ResearchSearchontheInternetforinformationabouttheDeepWebandSurfaceWebandanswerthefollowingquestions.2.Whatarethepossiblewaystoprotectpersonalinformationonlineandoffline?6)BeLink-CautiousSomanydevastatinghackshavestartedwithasingleclick.Ageneralruleofthumbistoneverclickonalinkifyoudon’tknowthesourceorwhereitgoes.7)InstallUpdatesWhenTheyAppearIt’simportanttoinstalltheupdatespromptlyorsetyourdevicestoauto-update.Manytimes,theupdatesarefocusedonpatchingsecurityholesthathavebeenfoundwithintheprogramordevice.Installingthesepatchespromptlywillhelpyouavoidthosesecurityrisks.Pre-ClassTasksI.Mini-ResearchSearchontheInternetforinformationabouttheDeepWebandSurfaceWebandanswerthefollowingquestions.2.Whatarethepossiblewaystoprotectpersonalinformationonlineandoffline?8)KeepYourEyeOutKeepawatchfuleyeonallyourfinancialaccountsincludingbankaccounts,creditcards,andmore.Gothroughthemeveryweekorsotomakesureyourecognizeallthetransactions.Pre-ClassTasksII.Co-LearningWorkinagrouptoconductasurveyoncyberfraudamongyourfriends,teachers,orfamilymembers.Makesurethatthepeoplesurveyedarefromasmanydifferentwalksoflifeaspossible.Includethefollowingquestionsinyoursurvey.Haveyoueverfallenvictimtocyberfraud?Omitted.Pre-ClassTasksII.Co-LearningWorkinagrouptoconductasurveyoncyberfraudamongyourfriends,teachers,orfamilymembers.Makesurethatthepeoplesurveyedarefromasmanydifferentwalksoflifeaspossible.Includethefollowingquestionsinyoursurvey.2.Howwereyoueventuallyawareofthefraud?Somegotaphonecallfromthepoliceandweretoldthattheyhadbeenswindledbyacrimegangthathadbeenarrestedbythepolice.Somewereremindedbytheirfriends,familyorrelatives.Otherswereawareofthatonlywhentheyreceivedacautionarymessageagainstcybercrimesfromthepoliceorreadanewsreportonsimilarcases.Pre-ClassTasksII.Co-LearningWorkinagrouptoconductasurveyoncyberfraudamongyourfriends,teachers,orfamilymembers.Makesurethatthepeoplesurveyedarefromasmanydifferentwalksoflifeaspossible.Includethefollowingquestionsinyoursurvey.3.Whattipswouldyouofferagainstcyberfraud?Firstly,youshouldbeawareofthecommonformsofcyberfraudssuchasjobofferfraud,lotteryfraud,beneficiaryfraud,onlinedatingfraud,charityfraud,andmaintenancefraud.Secondly,nevertellanyoneyourverificationcode,oryouwillbedefinitelyswindled.Thirdly,useaseparatedeviceorsmartphonewhenyouwanttocheckyourbankaccountonline.Ifyourregularcomputerorphonegetscompromised—morelikelysinceitisusedmoreoften—thenatleastyourmoneywon’tbeatrisk.Pre-ClassTasksIII.PresentationMakeagrouppresentationreportingwhathasbeenconcludedfromthesurveyintheCo-Learningactivity.BackgroundKnowledgeAbouttheAuthorMaryAiken—Aworld-leadingexpertinCyberpsychology—thestudyoftheimpactoftechnologyonhumanbehavior.SheisaProfessorofForensicCyberpsychologyintheDepartmentofLawandCriminologyattheUniversityofEastLondon,andanAdjunctProfessorattheGearyInstituteforPublicPolicyUniversityCollegeDublin,Ireland.HerresearchinterestsincludeAI,Fintech,SafetyTech,humanfactorsincybersecurity,organizedcybercrime,onlinebehavioralprofiling,Internetpsychology,personalcybersecurityandsafety,onlineharmsandchildprotectiononline.BackgroundKnowledgeAbouttheTextThetextisoneofthearticlesonthewebsiteofTheAtlantic,retrievableat/entertainment/archive/2018/05/readers-dont-need-the-nobel-prize-in-literature/559799/.TheAtlanticisamagazinefoundedin1857topublishthemosturgentessays,themostvitalliteratureandpursuetruthanddisruptconsensuswithoutregardforanypartyorclique.TextATextStructureI(paras.1-2)Theauthorintroducesthetopicof

bymentioning

.II(paras.3-5)Theauthorpointsoutthecurrentlackofgovernanceon

.III(paras.6-10).IV(paras.11-15)

.“organized”crimetheexampleofpiratestheDeepWebTheauthorintroducessomemeanstoachievecybersecurity.TheauthorfurtherexplainswhattheDeepWebisandcallsforeffectivewaystopoliceitTextADetailedAnalysisPartI(paras.1-2)Theauthorintroducesthetopicof“organized”crimebymentioningtheexampleofpirates.TextADetailedAnalysisPartII(paras.3-5)TheauthorpointsoutthecurrentlackofgovernanceontheDeepWeb.Comprehensioncheck1.InwhatsenseistheDeepWebliketheCaribbeanofthe17thand18thcenturies?

TheDeepWebissurelyliketheCaribbeanofthe17thand18thcenturies,avastunchartedseathatcybercriminalsnavigateskillfully,takingadvantageofthecurrentlackofgovernanceandauthority—oradequatelegalconstructstostopthem.Andlikethegoldenageofpiracy,wearelivinginatimeofgeopoliticalchangesbothinreal-worldandcybercontexts,whichcanencourageafree-for-allofopportunismandariseinlawlessness.TextADetailedAnalysisPartII(paras.3-5)Comprehensioncheck2.Accordingtoparagraphs3and4,whydocrimesontheDeepWebabound?CrimesontheDeepWebaboundbecausethereislackofgovernanceandauthoritytocurbit.Itisagoldenageofdigitalpiracy.TextADetailedAnalysisPartIII(paras.6-10)Theauthorintroducessomemeanstoachievecybersecurity.Comprehensioncheck3.Accordingtoparagraph6,whyaresomanypeopleignorantoftheDeepWeb?ThispartoftheInternetiscommonlydiscussedinlaw-enforcementandcybersecuritycircles,andisasourceoffascinationforthetechindustryandmedia,butlikesomanyaspectsofthecyberenvironment,ithasafeelingofbeinga“techexpertsonly”subject,asifitistoocomplicatedforanybodyelsetounderstand.TextADetailedAnalysisPartIII(paras.6-10)Comprehensioncheck4.Whydoestheauthorsaythefraudsare“expertobserversofhumanbehavior”(para.9)?Becausetheyknowhowtoexploitthenaturalhumantendencytotrustothers,andhowtomanipulatepeoplesotheygiveupconfidentialinformation,orwhatiscalledasociallyengineeredattack.TextADetailedAnalysisPartIII(paras.6-10)Comprehensioncheck5.Howdoyouunderstand“Fearsells”attheendofparagraph9?By“Fearsells,”theauthormeansthatbytakingadvantageofpeople’signoranceandfillingthetargetswithfear,theswindlerscantrickthemintoleakingtheconfidentialpersonalinformationandthereforelosingmoney.TextADetailedAnalysisPartIII(paras.6-10)Comprehensioncheck6.Whathasmadecybersecuritysodifficultandcomplicated?Failedmoralsandantisocialpersonalitytraitsgivecybercriminalsanadvantageovertheirvictims.Besides,thefraudsareexpertobserversofhumanbehavior,especiallycyberbehavior.Thedifficultyofcybersecurityismadeonlymorecomplicatedbyalltheinterestedpartiestryingtosolveourproblems.TextADetailedAnalysisPartIII(paras.6-10)Wordsandphrases1.Thefieldcalled“cybersecurity”isvastandprettycomplicated.(Para.7)cyber-:connectedwithelectroniccommunicationnetworks,especiallytheInternetcyberspace;cybercafe;cyberbehavior;cybercriminalTextADetailedAnalysisPartIII(paras.6-10)Wordsandphrases2.Failedmoralsandantisocialpersonalitytraitsaren’ttheonlythingsthatgivecybercriminalsanadvantageovertheirvictims.(Para.9)failed:notsuccessfulafailedwriter;afailedcoupanti-:opposedto;againstanti-tankweapons;theAnti-JapaneseWar;

anti-malware;anti-spyware;antivirusTextADetailedAnalysisPartIII(paras.6-10)Wordsandphrases3.Thesefraudsareexpertobserversofhumanbehavior,especiallycyberbehavior—theyknowhowtoexploitthenaturalhumantendencytotrustothers,andhowtomanipulatepeoplesothattheygiveupconfidentialinformation,orwhatiscalledasociallyengineeredattack.(Para.9)exploit:totreatapersonorsituationasanopportunitytogainanadvantageforyourself

Heexploitedhisfather’snametogethimselfajob.Sherealizedthatheryouthandinexperiencewerebeingexploited.

TextADetailedAnalysisPartIII(paras.6-10)Wordsandphrases3.Thesefraudsareexpertobserversofhumanbehavior,especiallycyberbehavior—theyknowhowtoexploitthenaturalhumantendencytotrustothers,andhowtomanipulatepeoplesothattheygiveupconfidentialinformation,orwhatiscalledasociallyengineeredattack.(Para.9)sociallyengineeredattack:orsocialengineeringattack,usuallyexploitshumanpsychologyandsusceptibilitytomanipulationtotrickvictimsintouncoveringsensitivedataorbreakingsecuritymeasuresthatwillallowanattackeraccesstothenetwork.Socialengineeringattackshappeninoneormoresteps.Somethingthatmakessocialengineeringattacksoneofthemostdangeroustypesofnetworkthreatsisthegenerallackofcybersecurityculture.TextADetailedAnalysisPartIII(paras.6-10)Wordsandphrases4.Thissortofsocialengineeringisacrucialcomponentofcybercriminaltactics,andusuallyinvolvespersuadingpeopletoruntheir“free”virus-ladenmalwareordangeroussoftwarebysellingalotoffrighteningscenarios(whichiswhyit’scalledscareware).(Para.9)-laden:heavilyloadedorweigheddownfruit-ladentrees;adust-ladenroom;moisture-ladenairTextADetailedAnalysisPartIII(paras.6-10)Wordsandphrases5.Thedifficultyofcybersecurityismadeonlymorecomplicatedbyalltheinterestedpartiestryingtosolveourproblems.(Para.10)only:[withmodal]inevitably,althoughunfortunateorundesirableRebellionwillbringonlymoreunhappiness.Interruptinghimatsuchaninappropriatemomentwillonlymakehimmoreirritable.TextADetailedAnalysisPartIV(paras.11-15)Theauthorintroducessomemeanstoachievecybersecurity.Comprehensioncheck7.WhatarethemainchallengestoeffectivelymonitorandpolicetheDeepWeb?Sizeandscopeareproblems.Thereisanalmostinfinitenumberofhidingplaces,andmostillegalsitesareinaconstantstateofrelocationtonewdomainswithyetanotherprovisionaladdress.Anothermatterthatconfoundslawenforcementisthatmanyofthesesitesdonotusetraceablecreditcardsoronlinepaymentaccounts.Instead,virtualcurrenciesaretraded.TextADetailedAnalysisPartIV(paras.11-15)Wordsandphrases6.Itaccountsfor96to99percentofthecontentontheInternet,vastlylargerthantheSurfaceWeb,whereregulartrafficisoccurring.(Para.11)traffic:ornetworktraffic,referstotheamountofdatamovingacrossanetworkatagivenpointoftimeTextADetailedAnalysisPartIV(paras.11-15)Wordsandphrases7.Mostofthiscontentisprettydrystuff,acombinationofspamandstorage—U.S.governmentdatabases,medicallibraries,universityrecords,classifiedcellphoneandemailhistories,etc.(Para.11)drystuff:boring;makingnosenseButcomparedwithcoolterminaldevicesliketheiPhoneandiPad,infrastructureisprettydrystuff.TextADetailedAnalysisPartIV(paras.11-15)Wordsandphrases8.TryingtounderstandthesizeoftheDeepWebiskindofmind-blowingandtakesawhiletoprocess.(Para.12)kindof:somethingofa,tosomeextentThatmademefeelkindofstupid.Myfirstattemptsatcomplainingwerekindoftentative.TextADetailedAnalysisGlobalcomprehensioncheck8.Havingfinishedthetext,canyousumupthecharacteristicsoftheDeepWeb?TheDeepWebischaracterizedwithlimitlesssize,vastunknowndomain,abundantcrimes,andlackofgovernanceandauthority.TextADetailedAnalysisGlobalcomprehensioncheck9.Whomdoyouthinkthetextisintendedfor,theexpertsorthepublic?Why?Thepassageisintendedforthepublic.BecauseinnarratingtheDeepWeb,theauthorusesthesecondpersonperspective“you,”remindingreadersofthedangersoftheDeepWeb.TextADetailedAnalysisGlobalcomprehensioncheck10.Whatmeansdoestheauthoradopttomakethetextaccessibletothereader?Theauthorhastakenseveralmeanstoachievethis.Firstly,alargenumberofsimiles,metaphorsandanalogiesareemployedinthetexttomakeeverythingabouttheDeepWebaccessibletotheaudience.Secondly,theauthorcitesanexampletoinformtheaudienceofthesignificanceofstrongpasswords.Thirdly,theauthorexplainswhyitissodifficultandcomplicatedtoachievecybersecurity,whichshouldalreadybeknowntotheexperts.TextAComprehensionFindoutinformationaboutthefollowingandshareyourfindingsinagroup.1theCaribbeanTheCaribbeanregionislocatedsoutheastoftheGulfofMexicoandtheNorthAmericanmainlandandmeasuresaround1,000milesfromnorthtosouthandover2,500milesfromeasttowest.MuchofitisanoceanandtheCaribbeanregionincludesabout700islands,islets,reefs,andcaysinandsurroundingtheCaribbeansea.AcrosstheCaribbeanregion,thereisdiversetopographyincludingcoralreefs,mountains,tropicalforests,low-lyingplantations,valleys,waterfalls,andvolcanoes.2theSurfaceWebApartoftheInternetwherepagesorinformationareindexedTextAWordApplication1Completethesentenceswiththeproperformofthewordsinparentheses.1)Itseemsthatthe____________mannerischaracteristicofadolescentboys.(defy)2)ItissaidthatCaptainCookwasthefirstEuropeanwho____________thecoastofNewZealand.(uncharted)3)SuDongpo,apoetoftheNorthernSongDynasty,wasrenownedforhis____________greatpoems.(abound)4)Expertspredictthatthe_______________oftheseproposalscouldhavedisastrousfinancialconsequences.(implement)5)Ittakesalotofpracticeandgoodhand-eye____________toplaythisgame.(coordinate)

defiant

charted

abundant

implementation

coordination

TextAWordApplication2Paraphrasethefollowingsentences,payingspecialattentiontotheunderlinedparts.1)Wearelivinginatimeofgeopoliticalchangesbothinreal-worldandcybercontexts,whichcanencourageafree-for-allofopportunismandariseinlawlessness.

Likethetimewhenpiracyprevailed,wearelivinginatimewhenlotsofgeopoliticalchangestakeplaceintherealworldandcyberenvironment,whichgivesrisetothephenomenonthatsomepeoplewillfullytakeadvantageofanyopportunitythatoccursinordertogainmoneyorpower,withoutthinkingaboutwhethertheiractionsarerightorwrong.Thiseventuallyleadstounlawfulacts.TextAWordApplication2)WhileyoucanfindcybercriminalsanywhereontheInternet,theyhaveamucheasiertimeoperatinginthemurkywatersofthedarkestanddeepestparts.ThecriminalsarecommittingcrimesinamucheasierwaythanyoucanfindcriminalsontheInternetinthemosthiddenandcovertpartsoftheDeepWebwheretheygounpunished.TextAWordApplication3)TryingtounderstandthesizeoftheDeepWebiskindofmind-blowingandtakesawhiletoprocess.TryingtounderstandhowbigtheDeepWebisexcitingtosomeextentandtakesquitealongtimetofigureoutthewaytounderstandit.TextAWordApplication4)Butsometimesthebestpathtounderstandingistowrestlenotwithsizebutwithcharacteristics.Butsometimesthebestwaytounderstandtheuniverseisnottofocusonhowbigitis,butonthefeaturesofit.TextAWordApplication5)Whathelpsiscreatingavisualanalogy,liketwine,aniceberg—ortheendlessbluewatersoftheCaribbeanin1699.Creatingananalogywiththeaidofpicturescanhelpusunderstandtheinfinityoftheuniverse.Youcanjustimaginethataniceberg,orthebluewatersoftheCaribbeanin1699repeatsitselftimeandtimeagainwithnoend.TextAWordApplication3Completethesentenceswiththeproperformofthewordsorexpressionsgivenbelow.

1Regularexercisecan____________ageneraldiminutioninstresslevels.2Thestudents_______________submitthreepapersandfourreportsbeforetheendofthesemester.3Itisnotagoodideatomissmealsand____________them____________snacks.

resultin

aresupposedto

replace

with

TextAWordApplication

4)Theweatherhereisgorgeous,____________thewonderfulfood.5)Researchers____________attributesuccesstointernalqualitiessuchastalentandgrit.6)Peoplesometimes____________NewYorkCity____________“theBigApple.”

nottomentiontendto

depict

as

TextAWordApplication4

Distinguishthemeaningofthewordsineachgroup,andthencompletethesentenceswiththeproperformoftheappropriatewords.admirable;admiring1Afterheramazingspeech,WangYaping,afemaleaerospacehero,received____________glancesfromtheaudience.2Doinganyordinaryjobaswellasonecanisinitselfan____________commitment.

admiring

admirable

TextAWordApplicationperformimplement;perform3)Despitehisreluctance,henoddedcourteouslyandwalkedoffto_______hisduty.4)Wehavedecidedto__________thecommittee’srecommendationsinfull.conference;seminar;summit5)Studentsareaskedtopreparematerialinadvanceofeachweekly_______.6)Officialsarelayingthegroundworkfora_________ofworldleaders.7)Representativesfromdifferentdepartmentsofthecompanyattendedtheannual_________..implementseminarsummitconferenceTextAWordApplication5Completethesentenceswithappropriateprepositionsoradverbs.1)Thelittleboycastafurtiveglance_______hismom’sshoulderatthedeliciousfood.2)Itistotally_______ofthequestiontopostponethemidnightdeadline.3)Globaltrade______manufacturedgoodshasincreaseddramaticallyinthelastfiveyears.4)OntheLunarNewYear’sEve,myparentsalwaysbustle______thekitchen,preparingthefamily’sdinner.at/overoutinaroundTextAWordApplication5)Youshouldbear______mindthecorrectpronunciationofthewordswhilelearningEnglish.6)I’vebeenmeaningtocallher,butIjusthaven’tgot_______toit.7)Hisconstanthummingisreallybeginningtoget_____mynerves.8)Thespokesmanstressedthatthemeasuresdidnotamount_____anoverallban.inaroundontoTextAGrammarApplication1Decidewhichofthewordsgivenintheboxbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblanks.ThewordscanbeusedONCEONLY.TextAGrammarApplicationChina’sCybersecurityLawcameintoeffectonJune1,2017.Thelaw1___________acomprehensiveregulatoryregimeforcybersecurity,formalizeslegalresponsibilitiesfor“network2___________”and“networkserviceproviders,”anddevelopsregulatorysupervision3______asystematicway.ThelawregulatesallnetworkservicesandactivitieswithinChina,includingthe4_____________,operation,maintenance,andusageofnetworks,andintroducesmeasuresaimedtosafeguardInternetsystems,products,andservicesagainstcyberattacks.

B.establishesJ.operatorsL.inF.constructionTextAGrammarApplicationChina’sCybersecurityLawreflectsabroaderglobaltrendtoregulatecyberspaceactivitiesandcounteractcyberthreatsthatcould5____________publicsecurity.Therapidgrowthinelectroniccommerceandelectronic6__________methods,andtechnologicaladvancesincloudcomputingandbigdataanalytics,havegiven7___________tonewcybersecurityconcerns.Theillegalonlinetradeofpersonalinformationhasledtoconcernsfromthepublicandmore8____________rulesaroundthecollection,use,andstorageofpersonalinformationonline.TheCybersecurityLawisamilestoneforcybersecuritylegislationandservesasa“BasicLaw”initsfield.Thelawisanevolutionofthe9____________existentcybersecurityrulesandregulationsfromvariouslevelsandfields,10____________themtocreateastructuredlawatthemacrolevel.G.previouslyC.assimilatingN.undermineD.paymentH.riseO.stringentTextAGrammarApplication2Completethesentenceswithwhether,if,nomatterwh-/how,whatever,orhowever.Insomecases,morethanoneanswerispossible.1)Lifetastesmuchthesame,____________wequaffitfromagoldengobletordrinkitoutofastonemug.2)____________youdoisfinewithme.3)Therearedoubtsabout____________thesystemissafe.4)Thecenterisopentoall,______________________raceorsocialrank.5)Yourcriticism,________________itisdirectedat,failstobefairandjust.6)____________hewillenterthecontestremainsunknown.7)Aprogram,_________________________organizeditis,isuselessunlessitcanberealized.8)____________hisproblems,hehasnorighttobehavelikethat.9)Theticketwillcostthesame,____________webuyitnoworwaittilllater.10)Samwasn’tsure____________hecouldattendtheonlinemeetingnextweek.whetherWhateverwhetherwhetherWhethernomatterwhat/whatevernomatterwhomnomatterhow/howeverWhateverifTextAGrammarApplication3Completethesentenceswithappropriatewordsgivenbelow,observingtheantithesisemployedinthesentences.1)Speechissilver,but____________isgold.2)Wemustalllearntolivetogetherasbrothers.Orwewillall____________togetherasfools.3)Knowledgemakespeoplehumble;arrogancemakespeople____________.4)Toerrishuman,toforgive____________.silenceperishignorantdivineTextAGrammarApplication5)Itwasasmallstepforaman,buta____________leapformankind.6)Oneman’sjunkisanotherman’s__________.7)Theworldwilllittlenote,norlongrememberwhatwesayhere,butitcannever__________whattheydidhere.8)Thesuperiormaniseasytoserve,but___________toplease.treasureforgetdifficultgiantTextAGrammarApplication4TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingtheproperformofthewordsorexpressionsinparentheses.为庆祝中华人民共和国成立七十周年，各地举行了各种形式的活动，其中包括描绘中国梦的艺术展。(depict)

Tocelebratethe70thAnniversaryoftheFoundingofPeople’sRepublicofChina,eventsofvariousformsareorganizedacrossthenation,includingartexhibitionstodepictChinesedream.2)那些蔑视法律的人已经受到了严惩。(defy)

Thosewhoopenlydefythelawhavebeenseverelypunished.3)船只撞上了一块未标明的巨石，遭到了彻底破坏。(uncharted)

Theshiphitagiantunchartedrockandgotwrecked.4)公司准备把计算机业务分包出去，以便更快地利用新技术。(takeadvantageof)

Thecompanyisgoingtosubcon