Unit+2+Morals+and+Virtues+词汇讲解课件-人教版(2019)必修第三册

vocabularyListeningandSpeakingdilemma[dɪˈlemə]:n.困境；进退两难的境地课本原句[P14.]Amoraldilemmaisasituationinwhichyouhavetwoormoredifficultchoicestomake.ifyouchooseone,youmightgetintroublefornotchoosingtheother(s).1.Whichchoicetotakewillpossiblyputsomepeopleintoadilemma.该做出哪一个选择很可能使一些人陷于困境中。2.Shedescribesherownmoraldilemmainmakingthefilm.她描述了她在电影制作过程当中遇到的道德困境。佳句举例dilemma[dɪˈlemə]:n.困境；进退两难的境地拓展总结faceadilemma:面临左右为难的困境beinadilemma:处于进退两难的境地getoutofadilemma:摆脱困境Shewasfacedwiththedilemmaofwhethertoreturntohercountry.ReadingandThinkingcarrysb.throughsth.:帮助某人渡过难关课本原句[P16.]ThesewordsofDrLinQiaozhigiveusalookintotheheartofthisamazingwoman,andwhatcarriedherthroughalifeofhardchoices.Herconfidencecarriedherthrough.她的信心帮助她渡过难关。佳句举例carrysb.throughsth:帮助某人渡过难关拓展总结carrythrough:实现，完成carryon(doingsth./withsth.)继续（做某事）；坚持carryout:贯彻；执行；履行carryoutaplan/orders/instruction执行计划/命令/指示marriage[ˈmærɪdʒ]:n.结婚；婚姻,婚礼；婚姻生活课本原句[P16.]Atage18,insteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls,shechosetostudymedicine.Imademymarriagevowsandkeptthem.我结婚时许下了誓言，并一直信守。佳句举例marriage[ˈmærɪdʒ]:n.结婚；婚姻,婚礼；婚姻生活拓展总结marriage[’mærɪdʒ]:n.结婚；婚姻；婚礼marry[ˈmærɪ]:v.结婚；为……主持婚礼marrysb.:和…结婚；嫁；娶；为......主持婚礼be/getmarriedtosb.:和……结婚wedding:n.婚礼；结婚庆典Their_________(marry)tookplaceinalocalchurch.Myparentsarecelebrating60yearsof________(marry).3.翻译：她嫁给了一个英国人。练习巩固marriagemarriageShewas/gotmarriedtoanEnglishman.majority[mə’dʒɒrəti]:n.大部分；大多数课本原句[P16.]Atage18,insteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls,shechosetostudymedicine.1.Themajorityofadoptionsaresuccessful.大多数领养是成功的。2.Nocandidatehadanabsolutemajority.没有一位候选人在选举中获得绝对多数的支持。佳句举例majority[mə’dʒɒrəti]:n.大部分；大多数拓展总结themajority+名词单数/复数:n.大多数major:adj.主要的；大的；重要的theminority+名词单数/复数:n.少数minor:adj.次要的；小的；少数的The_________(major)ofthestudentscomefromthecountryside.Themajority_________(be)preparingforthecollegeentranceexams.练习巩固majorityis/areMajorityrules.complain[kəm’pleɪn]:v.抱怨；埋怨；发牢骚课本原句[P16.]“Whyshouldgirlslearnsomuch?Findingagoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal!”herbrothercomplained,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.IfIcomplain,it’lljustcausetrouble.如果我抱怨，只会引起麻烦。Whatbootsittocomplain?发牢骚有什么用呢？Itdoesn’tbecomeyoutocomplain.你抱怨可不合适。佳句举例Strongmenact,weakmencomplain.complain[kəm’pleɪn]:v.抱怨；埋怨；发牢骚拓展总结complaint:n.投诉；抱怨；控告；不满complainabout/of:抱怨；埋怨He___________(complain)totheheadmasterthathehadn’tbeenfairlytreated.JustbecauseIdon’t_________(complain),peoplethinkI’msatisfied.We____________(complain)aboutourofficesbutgotnojoyfromthemanager.4.Theyhavedevotedtothestruggleoflifewithout___________(complain).练习巩固complainedcomplaincomplainedcomplaintrespond[rɪ’spɒnd]:v.回答；回复；做出反应；回应课本原句[P16.]Herbrothercomplained,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.Sheresponded,“I’dratherstaysingletostudyallmylife!”1.EriccouldonlyrespondinbrokenEnglish.埃里克只能用蹩脚的英语回答。2.Yourbabymayrespondtounfamiliarfaces,too.宝宝对不熟悉的面孔可能也会作出反应。佳句举例respond[rɪ’spɒnd]:v.回答；回复；做出反应；回应拓展总结response:n.响应；反应；回答；答复answer:v./n.回答；答复respondto...:对......回答/回应/回复inresponseto...:作为答复；响应；Theywill_________(respond)positivelytothepresident’srequestformoney.Iknockedonthedoorbuttherewasno________(respond).Alloursoldiershavegonetothefront___responsetotheattacksonus.练习巩固respondresponseinphysician[fɪˈzɪʃn]:n.医师；内科医生课本原句[P16.]SheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysicianintheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.1.He’sanexcellentphysicianwhocommandedtherespectofallhiscolleagues.他是一位优秀的内科医生，理应受到所有同事的尊敬。2.Hewasaconsultantphysician,aseriousmandedicatedtohiscalling.他是个会诊医师，严肃认真，非常敬业。佳句举例physician[fɪ’zɪʃn]:n.医师；内科医生拓展总结doctor:n.医生dentist:n.牙医physics:物理physicist:物理学家tend[tend]:v.照顾；照料；倾向；趋于课本原句[P17.]Shewasmoreinterestedintendingpatients,publishingmedicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren,andtrainingthenextgenerationofdoctors.

1.Sheisverydirect.Itendtobemorediplomatic.

她为人直截了当，而我更圆滑一些。2.Asianwomenaremoremodestandshy,yettheytendtohaveaninnerforce.亚洲妇女更加端庄害羞一些，但她们常常具有一种内在力量。佳句举例tend[tend]:v.照顾；照料；倾向；趋于拓展总结tendtodosth.:易于做某事；往往会发生某事tend(to)sb./sth.:照料tendto/toward+名词:倾向；趋于lookafter:照顾；照料take(good)careof:照顾；照料Thedoctorsandnurses_________(tend)theinjured.Womentend_______(live)longerthanmen.WhenI’mtired,I______(tend)tomakemistakes.练习巩固willtendtolive

tendsharp[ʃɑːp]:adj.(增长/下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的课本原句[P17.]ManyAmericanscomplainaboutthesharpincreaseinthecostofhealthcareandhealthinsurancerecently.

1.Hewassharp-setonsuchpursuits.他很热心这类活动。2.Hervoicewassharp,thenmellowed.她的声音尖厉刺耳，然后变得圆润平和。佳句举例sharp[ʃɑːp]:adj.(增长/下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的拓展总结asharpdropinprices:价格的骤降asharpriseincrime:犯罪率的急剧上升asharpincreaseinunemployment:失业人数的剧增Sheboughta______(sharp)knifewiththemoneyyesterday.Japanhasannouncedplansforasharpriseinitsnuclear-powergeneration.(翻译)练习巩固sharp翻译：日本宣布了大幅增加核能发电的计划。DiscoveringUsefulStructuresaccident[ˈæksɪdənt]①事故；车祸；②偶然；意外事件课本原句[P18.]Hearingthathiswifehadbeeninjuredinanaccident,MrJohnsonhurriedtothehospital.1.Itisnoaccidentthathecanwinthegame.他能赢得比赛不是巧合。2.Herparents,whowerekilledinacaraccident,livedthere.她父母曾住在那里，后来死于一场车祸。佳句举例accident[ˈæksɪdənt]①事故；车祸；②偶然；意外事件拓展总结byaccident=bychance:无意地，偶然地onpurpose/bydesign:故意地，特意地byaccidentof因为......的机会，由于......的运气withoutaccident平安无事地accidental[ˌæksɪˈdentl]adj.意外的，偶然的accidentally[ˌæksɪˈdɛntəli]adv.意外地，偶然地Ifoundthesethingsquite____accident.Byaccident____birth,hewasrich.Theshiparrivedthere_______accident.Afireman__________(accident)discoveredthecauseofthefire.练习巩固byofwithoutaccidentallyoperation[ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn]n.手术；操作；行动；运转；企业；经营；行动课本原句[P18.]Duringtheoperation,shesatinthewaitingroomforoveranhourworryingabouthim.1.TheFinancialServicesActcameintooperationfouryearsago.2.Theformalizationofco-operationbetweentherepublicswouldproduceprogress.正式确立合作关系将会促进共和国之间合作的顺利进展。佳句举例operation[ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn]n.手术；操作；行动；运转；企业；经营；行动拓展总结performanoperationon=operateonsb.给某人做手术inoperation工作中，使用中；实施中；运转中；有效comeintooperation开始实施，开始生效operate[ˈɒpəreɪt]vt.&vi.vi.运转；起作用；动手术vt.操作，使用；经营，管理operative[ˈɒpərətɪv]adj.运作中的；可使用的；手术的operator[ˈɒpəreɪtə(r)]n.操作员；经营者；精明圆滑的人，善于取巧的人operation[ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn]n.手术；操作；行动；运转；企业；经营；行动练习巩固Thedoctorperformedanemergency_________(operate)onhimlastnight.Thesystemhasbeen____operationforsixweeks.operationinwhisper[ˈwɪspə(r)]vt.&vi.悄声说；耳语；低语n.耳语（声），低语（声）；传言课本原句[P18.]Isawherwhisperingsomethingintohisear,obviouslynotwantingtobeheard.1.Theytalkedwitheachotherinawhisperinthecorner.他们在角落里低声耳语。2.Theyheardthewhisperofleaves.他们听见树叶沙沙作响。3.Shesankhervoicetoawhisper.她压低声音近乎耳语。佳句举例whisper[ˈwɪspə(r)]vt.&vi.悄声说；耳语；低语n.耳语（声），低语（声）；传言拓展总结whispersth.intoone’sear在某人耳边低声说某事inawhisper/inwhispers低声地He__________(whisper)tomethathewasafraid.练习巩固whisperedbite[baɪt]vt.&vi.咬；叮；蜇bite-bit-bittenn.咬下的一口；咬伤；简单的一餐；寒意课本原句[P18.]Feelinghurtbytherejection,shebitherlipandquietlywalkedaway.她因为被拒绝而感到受伤害，因此咬了咬嘴唇，悄悄地走开了。Itiswisetobiteyourtongueoncontroversialissues.对有争议的话题还是忍住不说为妙。佳句举例bite[baɪt]vt.&vi.咬；叮；蜇bite-bit-bittenn.咬下的一口；咬伤；简单的一餐；寒意拓展总结takeabiteof吃一口bitingadj.刺骨的；凛冽的bebittenby…:对……着迷；热衷于Once______(bite),twiceshy.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳2.Wecanhaveaquick_____(bite)beforewegotoschool.3.Thesunisshiningbutthereisa______(bite)wind.4.（翻译）MyfriendAlexcalledmeupandsaidthathe'dbeenbittenbythetravelbug.练习巩固bittenbitebiting翻译：我朋友艾力克斯打电话给我，说他最近一直想去旅行。assist[əˈsɪst]vt.帮助；援助拓展总结assistsb.todosth.帮助某人做某事assistsb.in(doing)sth.帮助某人（做）某事assistsb.withsth.在某事上帮助某人assistance[əˈsɪstəns]n.cometoone’sassistance帮助某人withone’sassistance=withtheassistanceofassistant[əˈsɪstənt]n.助手；助理；助教；售货员adj.助理的；副的assist=helpassist[əˈsɪst]vt.帮助；援助课本原句[P18.]Despitethedifficultsituation,DrBethunedidwhateverhecouldtoassisttheChinesepeople.一群护士正在帮助医生实施手术。1.Agroupofnursesareassistingthedoctortoperformtheoperation.2.Agroupofnursesareassistingthedoctorinperformingtheoperation.3.Agroupofnursesareassistingthedoctorwiththeoperation.佳句举例assist[əˈsɪst]vt.帮助；援助练习巩固Despitehiscries,noonecametohis__________(assist).2.Whentheshopisbusy,heemploysan_________(assist).assistanceassistantinmemoryof作为对......的纪念（通常用于已去世的人）课本原句[P18.]AfterDrBethune’sdeath,ChairmanMaoZedongwroteanarticleinmemoryofhim,inwhichhepraisedDrBethuneasaherotoberememberedinChina.Hewroteapoeminmemoryofthosewhodiedintheearthquake.他写了一首诗，以此纪念在地震中逝去的同胞。佳句举例inmemoryof作为对......的纪念（通常用于已去世的人）拓展总结“in+n.+of”型的其他短语1.Opportunityandsuccesstendtobe__________(支持)thosewhoareready.2.Thepolicesetoffearlyinthemorning__________(寻找)themissingchild.3.Ifyouare_________(需要)adeadlineextension(延期),simplyexplainthesituationtotheprofessor.infavourofinsearchofinneedofinmemoryof作为对...的纪念（通常用于已去世的人）拓展总结“in+n.+of”型的其他短语4.You’realready______________(拥有)oneofyourmostimportantgifts:time.5._________(如果，假使)fire,ringthealarmbell.6.I’mmovingout,soyou’re___________(掌管)payingtherent.7.Thatyear,thecountrysetupaholiday__________(向...致敬)thehistorian.inpossessionofIncaseofinchargeofinhonorofpickup（一词多义）课本原句[P18.]Shepickedherselfupandlimpedawayintears.她跌倒后站了起来，哭着一瘸一拐地走了。1.Theboypickedupthehatfortheoldman.___________________2.ShepickedupSpanishwhenshewaslivinginMexico.____________________________3.Hewalkedafewblockstopickupthekidandthedrycleaning._______________________练习巩固捡起，拾起，拿起(偶然）习得；（廉价）买到（开车）接某人；取回pickup（一词多义）练习巩固4.Wepickedupradiosignalsforhelpfromthedamagedplane._____________________5.Thephonerangbutnobodypickeditup.________6.Hepickedhimselfupsoonafterhisfailureinbusiness._____________________接收（信号，声音）接电话使（精神）恢复；改善ReadingforWritingharm[hɑːm]n.伤害；损害v.伤害；损害课本原句[P20.]Istherenooneinthisvillagewhofeelsanyresponsibilitytokeeptheirneighborsfromharm?Eatingtoomuchfoodwilldogreatharmtoyou.Pollutioncanharmmarinelife.佳句举例harm[hɑːm]n.伤害；损害v.伤害；损害拓展总结doharmtosb./sth.=dosb./sth.harm对某人/某物有害meannoharm(tosb.)（对某人）无恶意harmfuladj.有害的beharmfultosb./sth.harmlessadj.无害的Thisobjectgivesoff_______gaseswhichmay__________ourhealth.Youmustmakeit_________.此物会散发有害气体，这些气体可能会损害我们的健康，你必须处理一下，使它无害。练习巩固harmfuldoharmtoharmlesstear[tɪə(r)]n.眼泪，泪水v.撕裂，撕破tear-tore-torn课本原句[P18.]Shepickedherselfupandlimpedawayintears.Itwon’ttear,it’sverystrong.它非常结实，不会破的。2.Ididn’tshedasingletear.我没有掉一滴泪。佳句举例tear[tɪə(r)]n.眼泪，泪水v.撕裂，撕破tear-tore-torn拓展总结intears流着泪，含着泪bemovedtotears感动得落泪fightbackthetears=holdbackthetears强忍住眼泪tearup撕碎；撕毁teardown拆毁，推倒（建筑物）Thelittleboystruggledtofightbackthe_____(tear).Warandrevolution________(tear)manyfamiliesapart.练习巩固tearshavetorndespair[dɪˈspeə(r)]n.绝望v.绝望，丧失信心课本原句[P20.]Thekingwasindespair.这个国王处于失望中。Heisthedespairofhisparentsbecauseheshowsnointerestinhuntingajob.

他让父母很失望，因为他对找工作毫无兴趣。2.Hewishedtoearnalivingthroughwritingbutdespairedofdoingso.他想通过写作来谋生，不过他对此不抱希望。佳句举例despair[dɪˈspeə(r)]n.绝望v.绝望，丧失信心拓展总结indespair.处于绝望中despairof...:对......绝望；丧失信心loseheart:泄气；灰心losehope:失望desperate[ˈdespərət]adj.令人绝望的；不顾一切的，极度渴望的desperately[ˈdɛspərɪtli]adv.拼命地；绝望地；极度地despair[dɪˈspeə(r)]n.绝望v.绝望，丧失信心练习巩固1.Myhandwritingisthe________ofmyteachers.2.Don’t________!Wewill__________(desperate)thinkofawaytodoit.despairdespairdesperatelyagreatdealof大量，许多课本原句[P20.]Afteragreatdealofeffort,shefinallysucceededinmovingittothesideofthestreet.Howcanwedealwithit?Agreatdealoftroubleliesbeforeus.agreatdealof修饰不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。佳句举例agreatdealof大量，许多练习巩固“许多，大量”的其他表达Itisreportedthatmanya