2021届高三英语考前小题4-阅读理解 七选五

2021年高三英语考前小题专练4-阅读理解+七选五

(广西桂林十八中2020届高三英语第十次适应性月考)

FourInspiringMovies

ForrestGump(1992)

ForrestGump(TomHanks)isasimplemanwithalowIQbutgoodintentions.Thismovie

followsthefictionalstoryinwhichthesimplemanmakeshiswaythroughsomeofthemore

turbulent(动荡的)timesfromthe1960sthrough1980s.ThisfilmtookhomesixOscars,inspireda

“WeirdAl"song,andprovedthatabigheartisthemostimportantthing.

IfsaWonderfulLife(1946)

Nomovielistwouldbecompletewithoutanodtothepast.Let'sgowiththisChristmasclassic,

aboutamanwithseriousfinancialtroubleswhointendstocommitsuicide(自杀)byjumpingoffa

bridge.HisguardianangelClarenceOdbodystopshimandtellshimwhatlifewouldhavebeenlike

forthoseclosetohimhadheneverbeenborn.Realizinghowmuchhemeanstoothers,herushes

backhomeandallsortsofhappy,inspirational,Christmassythingshappen.

DeadPoefsSociety(1990)

JohnKeating(RobinWilliams)isahighschoolEnglishliteratureteacheratafamousall-male

boardingschoolwhogetsintotroublewiththeschooladministrationafterencouraginghisstudents

tochallengeauthorityandthinkforthemselves.Itiscertainlyinspirational,ifnotalsofrustratingly.

ABeautifulMind(2001)

ThismovietellsthestoryofJohnNash(RussellCrowe),aprofessoratPrinceton,aUS

university,whorevolutionizedthefieldofgametheoryandfellintomadnessasaresultofparanoid

schizophrenia(精神分裂症).Withtheloveandsupportofhisfamilyaswellasthehelpofmedical

professionals,hemanagedtoovercomehismentalillnessandcontinuedtomakecontributionsto

thefieldofmathematics.

1.WhatcanweknowaboutIt\aWonderfulLife?

A.Itprovesabigheartimportant.B.Ithasahappyending.

C.Ittellsastoryoffriendship.D.Itisfamousfortheleadingrole.

2.WhichfilmareRobinWilliams5fansmorelikelytowatch?

A.ForrestGump.B.It'saWonderfulLife.

C.DeadPoet'sSociety.D.ABeautifulMind.

3.AttheendofABeautifulMind,theprofessor.

A.becameafamousexpertinpsychology

B.gothisfamily'ssupportforstudyinggametheory

C.gainedlotsofexperienceintreatingschizophrenia

D.defeatedthediseaseandwentontopursuemaths

【答案】1-3BCD

（2020届“皖江名校联盟”高三决战高考最后一卷）

Youfeelespeciallysmartandfunnywhentalkingtoaparticularperson,onlytofeel

hopelesslyunintelligentandtongue-tiedinthepresenceofanother.

Experimentsshowwhenpeoplereportfeelingcomfortablewithaconversationalpartner,

theyarejudgedbythosepartnersandbyobserversasactuallybeingmorewitty（机智的）.

It'sjustoneexampleofthepowerfulinfluencethatsocialfactorscanhaveonintelligence.As

parents,teachersandstudentssettleintotheschoolyear,thisworkshouldencourageustothink

aboutintelligencenotasa"lumpofsomethingthat'sinourheads"，asthepsychologistJoshua

Aronsonputsit,butas“atransactionamongpeople.^^

Mr.Aronson,anassociateprofessoratNewYorkUniversity,hasbeenaleaderin

investigatingtheeffectsofsocialforcesonacademicachievement.Alongwiththepsychologist

ClaudeSteele,heidentifiedthephenomenonknownas"stereotype（亥lj板印象）threat”.Members

ofgroupsbelievednottobeacademicallygoodscoremuchlowerontestswhenremindedin

advanceoftheirraceorgender.

Thepair'sexperimentsinthe1990sconcludedthattheperformanceofthesestudents

sufferedbecausetheywereworriedaboutconfirmingnegativestereotypesabouttheirgroup.

Minoritiesaren'ttheonlyoneseasilyhurtbystereotypethreat.Weallare.Agroupofpeople

especiallyconfidentabouttheirmathematicalabilitiesdidworseonamathtestwhentoldthatthe

experimentwasintendedtoinvestigate"whyAsiansappeartoperformbetterthanotherstudents

ontestsofmathability".

AndinastudypublishedearlierthisyearinthejournalLearningandIndividualDifferences,

highschoolstudentsdidworseonatestofspatial（空间的）skillswhentoldthatmalesarebetterat

solvingspatialproblemsbecauseofgeneticdifferencesbetweenmalesandfemales.Thegirls

wereanxiousaboutconfirmingassumptionsabouttheirgender,whiletheboyswereanxiousabout

livinguptothem.

Theevolvingliteratureonstereotypethreatshowsthatperformanceisalwayssocialinnature.

Evenaloneinanexamroom,wehearachorusofvoicesassessing,evaluating,passingjudgment.

Andassocialcreatures,humansarestronglyaffectedbywhatthesevoicessay.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“transaction“inparagraph3referto?

A.Spatialreasoningskills.

B.Theabilitytorememberinformation.

C.Interactionbetweenusandtheenvironment.

D.Passingonknowledgefromteacherstostudents.

5.Afterbeingtoldmalestypicallyperformbetterthanfemalesinmath,malesaremostlikelyto

performA.betterthanfemalesB.thesameasfemales

C.worsethanusualD.worsethanfemales

6.Whichofthefollowing“voices“inourheadmayinfluenceperformanceonanexam?

A."IamaspreparedasIcanbe.”

B.”Iamsupposedtodowellonthis.”

C.”Thetestingroomisdifferentfrommyclassroom.^^

D.”Iamsolvingtheproblemsfasterthantheonesittinginfrontofme.”

7.Howdostereotypesthreatenouracademicachievement?

A.Makingusunintelligent.

B.Remindingusofourweaknesses.

C.Limitingourspatialreasoningskills.

D.Raisingouranxietylevel.

【答案】4-7CCBD

（2020届“皖江名校联盟”高三决战高考最后一卷）

Thestomachisanextremelystrongorgan,fullofacidtobreakdowneachmeal.Inorderto

preventthisacidfromburningaholeinourstomachsanddamagingotherorgans,ourstomach

liningisspeciallyadaptedtocontaintheacidsafely.

H.pyloriareabletoliveinthestomachbylivinginthelining,safefromharshstomachacid.

Thesebacteriaareactuallyprettycommoninpeople,approximatelyathirdofAustralianshaveH.

pyloriintheirbodies,butnotallhavesymptoms.

Thebacteriacaneventuallycreateinfectioninstomachlining,aconditionknownas

gastritis（胃炎），bywearingawaytheliningandallowingstomachacidtoburnawaystomach

tissue,causingpainfululcers（溃疡）.

Upuntilthe1980s,itwasthoughtthatbacteriacouldnotsurviveinstomachacid.Thecause

ofstomachulcerswasduetolifestylechoices:stress,smoking,spicyfoods;thestomachacidwas

breakingthroughtheliningonitsown.

Thisbeliefwasfirstquestionedin1979byRobinWarren,anAustralianpathologist,whof

oundbacteriaonamicroscopeslidecontainingthestomachliningofapatientwithgastritis.

IntheyearsthatfollowedWarrencontinuedhisresearch.

WarrenthenteamedupwithBarryMarshallin1981andthetwocontinuedwiththeresearch,

tryingtoseparatethemysterybacteriaandfindacure.Overthenextthreeyears,theytestedtheir

theorieswithsomepositiveresults,howevertheideathatbacteriacouldbethecauseofgastritis

wasnotwidelyacceptedorevenacknowledged.

Finally,fedupwithbeingignoredandconfidentinhisfindings,BaryMarshalldecidedto

testonhimself.HeinfectedhimselfwithH.pyloriandsoondevelopedgastritisandterrible

stomachulcers.Marshallthenbegantocurehimselfbytakingadoseofanlibotics（抗生素）.This

onceandforallprovednotonlythatbacteriacouldgrowinstomachacid,butitcouldalsocause

gastritisandstomachulcers.

Eventually,theworldfullyacknowledgedWarrenandMarshallhugecontributionto

scienceandmedicineandthetwowereawardedtheNobelprizeinMedicinein2005,twenty-six

yearsafterRobinWarrenfirstbeganhisresearch.

8.WhydidtheacademicsinitiallyrefusetoacceptthatH.pyloricausedgastritis?

A.Lifestylechoicescausedstomachulcers.

B.Stomachacidcouldbreakthroughtheliningonitsown.

C.Theythoughtthatbacteriacouldn'tsurviveinthestomach.

D.TheAustralianpathologistRobinWarrenprovidednoevidence.

9.HowdidBarryMarshallprovethatH.pyloricausedgastritis?

A.Choosingunhealthylifestyles.

B.IntroducingH.pyloritohisownstomach.

C.Findingthebacteriaonstomachlining.

D.GrowingH.pyloriinthelab.

10.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.Scientificprogresstakestime.B.Scienceguidesmedicalpractices.

C.Warrenisnotaproductivescientist.D.OnlyMarshalldeservestheprize.

11.Thetextismostlikelywrittento,

A.ChemistsB.PatientsC.ResearchersD.Thegeneral

public

【答案】8-11CBAD

（重庆市巴蜀中学2020届高考英语第八次适应性月考）

Facebookwillnolongerusefacialrecognitiontoletusersautomaticallyidentifytheirfriends

inphotographsuploadedtoitssiteafterAmerica'sconsumerwatchdogcalledthepractice

“deceptive”（欺骗性的）.FacebookhadusedtechnologycalledDeepFacetoscanthemillionsof

picturesuploadedtoitssiteeachdayinsearchoffacesitrecognized.36.

This,Facebookboasted,enabledittoholdthe“largestfacialdatasettodate”—atroveof

informationbuiltupasits2.4billionusersuploadedhundredsofpicturesofpeopleatdifferent

timesintheirlives,fromdifferentangles,indifferentclothesandhairstyles.

37—unlesstheyrequestit-andwillgiveexistinguserstheoptiontoturnitoff.The

FederalTradeCommission,whichprotectsconsumerrightsinAmerica,describedthetechnology

asdeceptivetotensofmillionsofusers.ItsaidthatFacebookmustobtain"affirmativeexpressuser

content"beforeenablingit.

Facebookalsousedthefacialrecognitionfeaturetoalertauserifapictureofthemhadbeen

uploadedontothesite.38.

SrinivasNarayanan,theheadofartificialintelligenceappliedresearchatFacebook,said:

“39、butwewon'trecommendyoutobetagged（力口标签）ifyoudonothavefacerecognition

turnedon.”

“Wedon'tshareyourfacerecognitioninformationwiththirdparties.40Italso

emergedthisweekthatFacebookbeganexperimentingwithhidingtheamountof“likes“aperson

getsfortheirposts.Someuserscandevelopafixationwithgettingasmanylikesaspossibleandfeel

inadequateiftheygainfewerthantheirfriends.

A.Wealsodon'tsellourtechnology

B.Peoplewillstillbeabletomanuallytagfriends

C.ScanningabilityofFacebookiscriticizedbythepublic

D.Weappealtotheuserstousethetechnologyinasecretway

E.However,thefeatureisnowbeingswitchedoffforallnewusers

F.Itthenoffereduserstheabilityto"tag"thatpersonwiththeirname

G.Itallowedpeopletocheckifsomeonewastryingtousetheiridentityinawrongway

【答案】36-40FEGBA

（2020届“皖江名校联盟”高三决战高考最后一卷英语考试）

Onethingthatmostofusprobablycanagreeon:justabouteveryparentthinksthathisorher

kidisspecial.

36.Goodintentions,however,donotoftenleadtogoodoutcomes:peoplewho

particularlydisliketh