历史学专业英语05-Marxist-Historiography

MarxistHistoriographyDrMarkJCrowleyMJC83@LIVE.CO.UK精选pptBackgroundIncapitalistcountries,alwaysconnectedtooppositionBecamepopularinthe1960s‘Historyofsociety’1930-1970:BritishMarxists(theAnnales)精选pptBasicideasCapitalismoppressestheproletariat.Theproletariatarethemajorityoftheworld'spopulationTheyworkforthebenefitofthebourgeoisie精选pptClassicalMarxismEconomywascentraltoeverythingExplanationforthecollapseofcapitalismPoliticalchangelinkedtoeconomicchange精选pptKarlMarx,DasKapital精选pptKarlMarxGermanphilosopherandpoliticaleconomistConcernedwiththealienationandexploitationoftheworkingclassOpposedcapitalistproduction,andhistoricalmaterialism.Classstruggle“Thehistoryofallhithertoexistingsocietyisthehistoryofclassstruggles”.CommunistManifesto(1848):精选pptHistoricalMaterialism“Societydoesnotconsistofindividuals,butexpressesthesumofinterrelations,therelationswithinwhichtheseindividualsstand."—

KarlMarx,Grundrisse,1858精选pptFriedrichEngels,‘TheConditionoftheWorkingClassinEngland’精选pptFriedrichEngels19thcenturyGermanpoliticalphilosopherWorkedwithMarxSharedlikeviewsofphilosophyandsocialism,WroteDieheiligeFamilie(TheHolyFamily).TheFrenchdeportedMarxfromFranceinJanuary1845EngelsandMarxmovedtoBelgium精选pptMarxandEngelsIn1847,theybeganwritingTheCommunistManifesto(1848)March1848,Belgiumexpelledthem-movedtoCologne.PublishedNeueRheinischeZeitung,apoliticallyradicalnewspaper.精选pptMarxandEngels1849deportedfromGermanyandwenttoLondonBritishPrimeMinisterLordJohnRussellrefusedtoexpelthem,eventhoughPrussiawantedthemto.精选pptMarx’sideasaboutdevelopmentPrimitiveCommunismSlaveSociety:tribalprogressiontocity-state;Aristocracyisborn.Feudalism:aristocratsaretherulingclass;merchantsevolveintocapitalists.Capitalism:capitalistsaretherulingclass,whocreateandemploytheproletariat.精选pptMarxideasaboutdevelopmentSocialism:

workersgainclassconsciousnessproletarianrevolutiontodeposethecapitalistdictatorshipofthebourgeoisie,dictatorshipoftheproletariatestablishedthemeansofproductioncanberealized.Communism:aclasslessandstatelesssociety.精选pptTheproletariat“thoseindividualswhoselltheirlabourpower,andwho,inthecapitalistmodeofproduction,donotownthemeansofproduction”BourgeoisiewillexploittheproletariatWorkers’labourgeneratesavaluegreaterthantheworkers’wages.精选pptBourgeoisie“ownthemeansofproduction”buylabourpowerfromtheproletariatExploittheproletariatPetitbourgeoisieemploylabourers,butwhoalsoworkMarxismpredictsthatthepetitbourgeoisiewouldbedestroyed精选pptOthersLumpenproletariat:criminals,vagabonds,beggars-selltheirlabourtothehighestbidder.Landlords:anhistoricallyimportantsocialclasswhoretainsomewealthandpower.Peasantryandfarmers:adisorganisedclassincapableofeffectingsocio-economicchange精选pptMarxism2:HistoriansTodayDrMarkJCrowleyE-mail:MJC83@LIVE.CO.UK精选pptMainprinciplesProgressionbasedondevelopment‘baseandsuperstructure’ConflictbetweensocialclassesA‘scienceofsociety’精选pptEuropeanFeudalSystem精选pptApplyingthetheoryProductionwascentralRevolutionneededtochangethis‘Socialism’astheendpointAscientifictheory“science,appliedwithfullunderstandingtoallfieldsofhumanactivity”–AugustBebel精选pptEuropeanClassSystem精选pptImpactofwarInfluenceoftheIndustrialRevolution(19thcentury)SuccessofRussianRevolution(1917)CollaborationwithFrenchsocialscientists(1920s)–MarcBlochandtheAnnales精选pptMarxisminBritainBecamepopularinBritainwiththreatofFascism‘societyasawhole’Historyasascience?Whyandhowsocietieschanged精选pptBritishMarxistHistoriansCommunistPartyofGreatBritain(1946)anddisbandedin1956-7(crisisofCommunism)SocietyfortheStudyofLabourHistory(1960)BuiltontheworkofTawneyandCole精选pptFamoushistoriansThoroldRogersGDHColeEricHobsbawmEPThompsonRaphaelSamuelChristopherHill精选pptWhatdidtheywanttodo?‘socialhistoryofBritain’ChallengetheprevailingaccountsLookatthepeople’sstruggles精选pptBritishMarxists:ThoroldRogersHistoryofAgricultureandPricesinEngland(publishedin7volumesbetween1866-1902)精选pptBritishMarxists:GDHCole精选pptInfluenceonCole“IbecameaSocialistbecause,assoonasthecaseforasocietyofequals,setfreefromthetwinevilsofrichesandpoverty,mastershipandsubjection,wasputtome,IknewthattobetheonlykindofsocietythatcouldbeconsistentwithhumandecencyandfellowshipandthatinnoothersocietycouldIhavetherighttobecontent.”精选pptBritishMarxists:RHTawney精选pptWorksTheAgrarianProblemintheSixteenthCentury(1912),London:Longman,GreenandCo.TheAcquisitiveSociety(1920)SecondaryEducationforAll(1922)Education:theSocialistPolicy(1924)精选pptBritishMarxists:

SidneyandBeatriceWebb精选pptWorksbytheWebbsHistoryofTradeUnionism(1894)IndustrialDemocracy(1897)EnglishLocalGovernmentVol.I–X(1906through1929)TheManorandtheBorough(1908)TheBreak-UpofthePoorLaw(1909)EnglishPoor-LawPolicy(1910)TheCooperativeMovement(1914)精选pptWorksbytheWebbsWorksManagerToday(1917)TheConsumer'sCooperativeMovement(1921)DecayofCapitalistCivilization(1923)MethodsofSocialStudy(1932)SovietCommunism:Anewcivilization?(1935)TheTruthAboutSovietRussia(1942)精选ppt精选pptTwomainconcernsLabourmovementinBritain–whydidn’titradicalise?Industrialisation–improvedorworsenedpeople’slives?HobsbawmvMaxHartwell(1957-63)精选pptDevelopmentLedtothedevelopmentof‘worldhistory’Popularprotestinpre-industrialsocietyLookedatFrenchrevolutionand18thcenturyEnglandCreatedajournal‘PastandPresent’in1952Dialoguewithnon-Marxisthistorians精选pptComparativeHistoryLookathistoricalchangeacrosscountriesEuropeanandglobalmovementsInterdisciplinarywithsociologyandanthropologyHistoricalsociologyEconomichistory

精选pptMarxismtodayManypeopleuseMarxisttheory:archaeology,anthropology,

mediastudies,

politicalscience,theatre,history,精选pptMarxismtodaysociologicaltheory,culturalstudies,education,economics,geography,literarycrit