剑桥12-听力test-1文本

剑桥12听力test1文本剑桥12听力test1文本剑桥12听力test1文本剑桥12test1section1Hi.CanIhelpyou?I'dliketofindoutifyouhaveanyexcursionssuitableforfamilies.GD0QnnD。P9ccz1M。Sure.Howabouttakingyourfamilyforacruise?Wehaveasteamshipthattakespassengersoutseveraltimesaday.It'sover100yearsold.JfCVG0b。5kfAqZW。Thatsoundsinteresting.Howlongisthetrip?Aboutanhourandahalf.Anddon'tforgettotakepicturesofthemountains.1jlf1db。sMoq54n。They'reallaroundyouwhenyou'reontheboatandtheylookfantastic.JB4p3dn。wgyqBEw。OK.AndIassumethere'sacafeorsomethingonboard?JcyWhFK。e1HGRpX。Sure.Howoldareyourchildren?Er,mydaughter'sfifteenandmyson'sseven.Right.Welltherearevariousthingsyoucandoonceyou'vecrossedthelake,tomakeadayofit.tc9Azqb。di9xrmh。Onethingthat'sverypopularisavisittotheCountryFarm.MA1MC2h。a8usjkU。You'remetofftheboatbythefarmerandhe'lltakeyoutotheholdingpens,wherethesheeparekept.SybYAud。oF6mpkP。Childrenlovefeedingthem!Mysonwouldlovethat.Hereallylikesanimals.Well,there'salsoa40-minutetrekroundthefarmonahorse,ifhewants.3rojLsB。b2fan5p。Doyouthinkhe'dmanageit?Hehasn'tdonethatbefore.CkYLAjm。Y93EikO。Sure.It'ssuitableforcompletebeginners.Ah,good.bs75A3V。0iVYyI3。Andagain,visitorsarewelcometoexplorethefarmontheirown,aslongastheytakecaretoclosegatesandsoon.rNSKhpa。UP16QAQ。Therearesomeverybeautifulgardensalongthesideofthelakewhichalsobelongtothefarm.HKwW4z4。D91XK3q。They'llbejustattheirbestnow.Youcouldeasilyspendanhourortwothere.OK.Wellthatallsoundsgood.Andcanwegetlunchthere?uF4tM1B。UEsmgHU。Youcan,andit'sverygood,thoughit'snotincludedinthebasiccost.TngvtYX。QcZ3tPX。Youpaywhenyougetthere.Right.Soisthereanythingelsetodooveronthatsideofthelake?mzwVEr6。6kpjfKE。Well,whatyoucandoistakeabikeoverontheshipandthengoonacyclingtrip.8FStkFs。dwFKIjj。There'satrailtherecalledtheBackRoad.Youcouldeasilyspendthreeorfourhoursexploringitandthescenery'swonderful.ftbKdXN。Ci4qnxH。They'llgiveyouamapwhenyougetyourticketforthecruise-there'snoextracharge.VUfa7sR。BxX9qRS。What'sthetraillikeintermsofdifficulty?Quitschallenginginplaces.Itwouldn'tbesuitableforyourseven-year-old.Ly5770V。ZYx1CMi。Itneedssomeonewho'sgotabitmoreexperience.Hmm.Well,mydaughterlovescyclingandsodoI,somaybethetwoofuscouldgo,andmywifeandsoncouldstayonthefarm.W8ccvg5。LIhWyH9。Thatmightworkoutquitewell.Butwedon'thavebikeshere...Istheresomewherewecouldrentthem?d3PW7kW。ZmeGUkN。Yes,there'saplacehereinthecity.It'scalledRatchesons.t5SCdUt。cCgnDGC。I'lljustmakeanoteofthat-er,howdoyouspellit?MSroeBS。SJwmnbz。R-A-T-C-H-E-S-0-N-S.It'sjustbythecruiseshipterminal.OK.qcxcI3U。lbjuaGr。You'dalsoneedtopickuparepairkitforthebikefromtheretotakealongwithyou,g1OcWDV。lPskOGp。andyou'dneedtotakealongasnackandsomewater.hz154dn。IZOsZFz。It'dbebesttogetthoseinthecity.Fine.Thatshouldn'tbeaproblem.AndIassumeIcanrentahelmetfromthebikeplace?0OlkVf7。o1IxbNm。Sure,youshoulddefinitelygetthat.It'sagreatride,butyouwanttobewellpreparedbecauseit'sveryremote.dKu5aL2。U1GIdEp。Youwon'tseeanyshopsroundthere,oranywheretostay,soyouneedtogetbackintimeforthelastboat.eHXLoAI。QqjVXSS。Yeah.Sowhatsortofpricesarewelookingathere?6gMfzdX。2qVO1Fb。Let'ssee,that'dbeoneadultandonechildforthecruisewithfarmtour,that's$117,blUZdaK。FNNyXDh。andanadultandachildforthecruiseonlysothat's$214dollarsaltogether.1MjHqmM。jJ4eegC。Oh,waitaminute,howolddidyousayyourdaughterwas?Fifteen.oGLUtYl。fbyjaLn。ThenI'mafraidit's$267becauseshehastopaytheadultfare,whichis$75insteadofthechildfarewhichis$22-sorryaboutthat.yiAeQzE。V9Xg98h。That'sokay.Er,sohowdo...Section2Goodmorningeveryone.Myname'sJoyPerkinsandI'mtherestaurantmanager.oS75dZV。mnHR9Rz。AndIunderstandthatnoneofyou'vehadanypreviousexperienceaskitchenassistants.A3ZrtZj。uJ9S84l。Well,youmightbefeelingabitnervousnow,butmostofourkitchenassistantssaytheyenjoythework.6dVxBuR。CTGjiCn。OK,theymightgetshoutedatsometimes,butit'snothingpersonal,ARjRgMF。g8BuYvY。andthey'repleasedthattheyhavesomanydifferentthingstodo,whichmeanstheynevergetbored.tKZQBqP。TDeHjni。AndI'lltellyoustraightawaythatifyoudowell,wemightthinkaboutmovingyouupandgivingyousomemoreresponsibility.l45GrRT。zUitYF6。Right,well,you'veallshownupontime,whichisanexcellentstart.V1Cd0fA。q3YK06L。NowI'mgladtoseenoneofyouhaveunsuitablefootwear,QHoVEMh。3IvbHS6。sothat'sgood-youneedtobecarefulasthefloorscangetverywetandslippery.tBoFN8J。NdRjWr8。Thoseofyouwithlonghairhavegotitwelloutoftheway,C58vFd2。o55h7tv。butsomeofyouwillneedtoremoveyourringsandbraceletsROpdR11。EWRHysi。justputthemsomewheresafefortoday,andremembertoleavethemathometomorrow,astheycanbeasafetyhazard.xeRv2PD。jSLqoRv。Nowit'sgoingtobeabusydayforyoualltoday-wedon'thaveanytablesfreeforthisevening,andonlyafewforlunch.wsEuJYx。KkFBOS1。Fortunatelywe'vegotourheadchefback-hewasawayonholidayalllastweekwhichmeanttheotherchefshadextrawork.utxGDFH。zBfNKeG。Now,I'lltellyouabitmoreaboutthejobinaminutebutfirst,somegeneralregulations.VbLMIlX。xWQKd9B。Forallofyou,whateveryourage,there'ssomeequipmentyoumustn'tuseuntilyou'vebeenproperlytrained,gUQk00X。qCPzFFn。likethewastedisposalsystemforexample,forhealthandsafetyreasons.zxtvVN4。4iZwvOT。ThenIthinktherearetwoofyouhereareunder18-that'sEmmaandJake,isn'tit?tj9XAtH。7lrsy5V。Right,soforyoutwo,themeatslicerisoutofbounds.LmlatMH。GRDj5ff。Andofcoursenoneofyouareallowedtousetheelectricmixeruntilyou'vebeenshownhowitworks.2hoOffQ。MmPdkl2。Nowyoumayhaveheardthatthiscanbeastressfuljob,andIhavetosaythatcanbetrue.EdFes1f。MEqm3S1。You'llbeworkinganeight-hourdayforthefirstweek,uxiZTXS。hBrZTwA。thoughyou'llhavethechancetodoovertimeafterthataswellifyouwantto.zLXQWyE。rhYilZq。Buthoweverlongthehoursare,you'llgetabreakinthemiddle.T99iO95。WNXkDUI。Whatyouwillfindisthatyou'reonyourfeetalldaylong,liftingandcarrying,soifyou'renotfitnowyousoonwillbe!UtLTUnw。268FdHN。You'llfindyoudon'thavemuchchancetotakeiteasynw1rs6k。BzxQ3XG。whensomeonetellyoutodosomethingyouneedtodoitstraightaway0MrY9Ap。1AoVxLh。butatleastwedohaveaveryefficientairconditioningsystemcomparedwithsomekitchens.v81y3Py。BJOenBP。Nowletmetellyouaboutsomeofthepeopleyouneedtoknow.S2m91Pn。iSmQEtu。SoasIsaid,I'mJoyPerkinsandIdecidewhodoeswhatduringthedayandhowlongtheyworkfor.NFwaSSz。N9ecQSu。I'llbetryingtogetyoutoworkwithasmanydifferentpeopleinthekitchenaspossible,EMCQBi2。jeefICf。sothatyoulearnwhileyou'reonthejob.OnepersonwhosenameyoumustrememberisDavidField.00nJn1F。bjovVKq。Ifyouinjureyourselfatall,evenifit'sreallyminor,KVwReoI。FKjI8pv。youmustreporttohimandhe'llmakesuretheincidentisrecordedandyougettheappropriatetreatment.PLAFzBT。32txoAv。He'strainedtogivebasictreatmenttostaffhimself,orhe'llsendyouoffsomewhereelseifnecessary.vwWU3lO。vUkRq1A。Thenthere'sDexterWills-he'sthepersonyouneedtoseeifyousmashaplateorsomethinglikethat.dZ25xby。E0FKTPJ。Don'tjustleaveitandhopenoonewillnoticeit'sreallyimportanttogetthingsnotedandreplacedortherecouldbeproblemslater.HO9dosu。1ssEnqy。Andfinally,there'sMikeSmith.Heisamemberofstaffwhotakescareofallthestoresofperishables,Y3ewTGN。ZF3kd58。soifyounoticewe'regettinglowinflourorsugarorsomething,makesureyoulethimknowsohecanputinanorder.j2zt9Wo。OXXLGBy。OK,nowthenextthing...Section3OK,Stewart.Weneedtostartplanningourpaperonpubliclibraries.k38LVJ3。6RuT8dZ。Haveyouthoughtofanangleyet?Well,there'ssomuchwecouldlookinto.Howlibrarieshavechangedoverthecenturies,forinstance,orhowdifferentcountriesorganisethem.WmuUtDr。D6jDKL7。Whatdoyouthink,Trudie?Maybeweshouldconcentrateonthiscountry,andtryandrelatethechangesinlibrariestoexternaldevelopments,DEjdBSx。WThQpGZ。likethefactthatfarmorepeoplecanreadthanacenturyago,andthatthelocalpopulationmayspeaklotsofdifferentlanguages.ClowUzU。81Z2eQ4。Wecouldincludesomethingaboutchangesinthesourceoffunding,too.sz7quKM。ZdFN4YE。Yes,butrememberwe'reonlysupposedtowriteashortpaper,soit'sprobablybestifwedon'tgointofundinginanydetail.ktT0uvD。PVq6ZGI。Right.Well,shallwejustbrainstormafewideas,togetstarted?7I7PBZZ。Su8peLl。OK.Weobviouslyneedtolookattheimpactofnewtechnology,particularlytheinternet.hALobak。kE6aF4N。Nowthatlotsofbookshavebeendigitalised,peoplecanaccessthemfromtheirowncomputersathome.4xv0F74。q4ehiUO。Andifeveryonedidthat,librarieswouldbeobsolete.wuE5Jc0。02uPhIb。Yes.Butthedigitalisedbooksthatareavailableonlineforfreearemostlyoutofcopyright,aren'tthey?C1lYOFL。15lU8wx。Andcopyrightinthiscountrylastsfor70yearsaftertheauthordies.aRH5Nij。Drg7aHS。Soyouwon'tfindthelatestbest-sellerorup-to-dateinformation.That'sanimportantpoint.oHpFEY7。cXjjpzC。Anyway,IfindithardtoconcentratewhenI'mreadingalongtextonascreen.LnBWrWO。GN3Ae7U。I'dmuchratherreadaphysicalbook.Andittakeslongertoreadonascreen.XT89HNm。yfvBKl3。Oh,Ipreferit.Isupposeit'sjustapersonalpreference.j2y7pBy。vbuZyJN。Mm.Iexpectthatlibrarieswillgoonevolvinginthenextfewyears.qYyevAw。Hh3mhgP。Somehavealreadybecomecentreswherecommunityactivitiestakeplace,likelocalclubsmeetingthere.zUkCXEM。XdeIJ5W。Ithinkthat'llbecomeevenmorecommon.I'dliketothinkso,andthatthey'restillbeservingtheirtraditionalfunction,butI'mnotsosure.sg8ScFs。3R1HASV。Therearefinancialimplications,afterall.WhatI'mafraidwillhappenisthatbooksandmagazineswillalldisappear,andthere'lljustberowsandrowsofcomputers.4DHsSOE。TuDlMnp。Theywon'tlookanythinglikethelibrarieswe'reusedto.oOXf0dB。63PCWvh。Well,we'llsee.I'vejusthadanidea.Whydon'twemakeanin-depthstudyofourlocalpubliclibraryasbackgroundtoourpaper?0eTZjOw。ovtZgmf。Yes,that'dbeinteresting,andraiseallsortsofissues.IDu7A7e。KTMDkKv。Let'smakealistofpossiblethingswecouldaskabout,thenworkoutsomesortofstructure.9RlCxXO。MSQbal3。Forinstance,um,wecouldinterviewsomeofthestaff,AwsN9fu。CEEW8hu。andfindoutwhetherthelibraryhasitsownbudget,orifthat'scontrolledbythelocalcouncil.Ky05qrE。kN8sHIu。Andwhattheirpoliciesare.Iknowtheydon'tallowfood,butI'dlovetofindoutwhattypesofnoisetheybanBSjfRIT。SAnSD0p。therealwaysseemstobealotoftalking,butnevermusic.jjUnMcK。zlGP8eJ。Idon'tknowifthat'sapolicyoritjusthappens.mW8CNBZ。W0cY7n0。Ah,I'veoftenwondered.Thentherearethingslikehowthelibraryisaffectedbyemploymentlaws.4s7HtCa。CzT1YlE。Isupposetherearerulesaboutworkinghours,facilitiesforstaff,andsoon.7oANYiE。hR1TFGu。Right.Thenthereareotherissuesrelatingtothedesignofthebuildingandhowcustomersuseit.yadpmms。o0LkMq5。Likewhatmeasuresdoesthelibrarytaketoensuretheirsafety?Q8exGD3。HPeNNZX。They'dneedfloorcoveringsthataren'tslippery,andemergencyexits,forinstance.CXDReyV。OQcu24q。Oh,andanotherthing-there'sthequestionofthekindofinsurancethelibraryneedstohave,incaseanyonegetsinjured.3ON101Y。FDUmqVR。Yes,that'ssomethingelsetofindout.YouknowsomethingI'veoftenwondered?What'sthat?C7gDpSx。VO4svFr。Well,youknowthey'vegotanarchiveoflocalnewspapersgoingbackyears?amkWjEl。Q2EpZBB。Well,nexttoitthey'vegotthediaryofawell-knownpoliticianfromthelate19thcentury.kbd4B05。tTFqzEQ。Iwonderwhyit'sthere.Doyouknowwhathisconnectionwaswiththisarea?cWjwuKm。sfRlKpo。Noidea.Let'saddittoourlistofthingstofindout.76NJdES。XPxnVnx。Oh,I'vejustthought-youknowpeoplemightaskinthelibraryaboutlocalorganisations,likesportsclubs?7rpriFZ。Dd7BbzK。Well,Iwonderiftheykeepadatabase,orwhethertheyjustlookonline.4VPQo7d。qR0fSCj。Right.Iquitefancyfindingoutwhatthedifferencesarebetweenalibrarythat'sopentothepublicandonethat'spartofamuseum,yHbYspc。hWEtK5h。forexample-theymustbeverydifferent.Mmm.ThensomethingelseI'dliketoknowis...Section4Inpublicdiscussionofbusiness,wetakecertainvaluesforgranted.Fnpqkt3。p5QEmGY。TodayI'mgoingtotalkaboutfourofthem:collaboration,hardwork,creativityandexcellence.4GjXgVV。1qMqG0e。Mostpeoplewouldsaythey'reall'goodthings'.I'mgoingtosuggestthat'sanover-simpleview.Thetroublewiththesevaluesisthatthey'retheoreticalconcepts,removedfromtherealityofday-to-daybusiness.RYrx82j。E4wh8e9。Pursuevaluesbyallmeans,butbepreparedforwhatmayhappenasaresult.G2NItUX。VoqaBYy。Theycanactuallycausedamage,whichisnotatalltheintention.KxYFZvU。uj4nMhp。Businessleadersgenerallytrytodotherightthing.i6Lup58。uNFIm8c。Butalltoooftentherightthingbackfires,ifthoseleadersadoptvalueswithoutunderstandingandmanagingthesideeffectsthatarise.AsDFhxO。FKxKszO。Thevaluescaneasilygetinthewayofwhat'sactuallyintended.1mjw13s。aAIj8zg。OK.SothefirstvalueI'mgoingtodiscussiscollaboration.Er,letmegiveyouanexample.aDZw1Kn。WzJmWto。OnamanagementtrainingcourseIonceattended,wewereputintogroupsandhadtoconstructabridgeacrossastream,usingbuildingblocksthatweweregiven.9oL4VRu。ZuRdQwY。Therulewasthateveryoneintheteamhadtomoveatleastonebuildingblockduringtheconstruction.SU5ysns。Zm6voB2。Thiswasintendedtoencourageteamwork.Butitwasreallyajobbestdonebyoneperson.Theotherteamstriedtocollaborateonbuildingthestructureanddescendedintoconfusion,V2wPCdi。RbRcWSp。witheveryonegettingineachother'sway.Ourteamleadersolvedthechallengebrilliantly.Shesimplyaskedeveryoneintheteamtomoveapieceafewcentimetres,tocomplywiththerule,UQfB2KS。YZ3s4d9。andthenletthepersonintheteamwithanaptitudeforpuzzleslikethisbuilditalone.nbpEGtn。2vCC55b。Wefinishedbeforeanyotherteam.Mypointisthatthetaskwasn'treallysuitedtoteam-working,sowhymakeitone?uTTKyZQ。CzgI2Qx。Teamworkcanalsoleadtoinconsistency-acommoncauseofpoorsales.XVdBcCl。pYXXj7q。Inthecaseofasmartphonethatacertaincompanylaunched,RQ2kble。03PMJYa。onedirectorwantedtotargetthebusinessmarket,andanotherdemandeditwasaimedatconsumers.yzCCTFH。LVKN126。Thecompanywantedbothdirectorstobeinvolved,sogavetheproductaconsumer-friendlyname,butmarketedittocompanies.ySSh31i。ysfWyRR。Theresultwasthatitmettheneedsofneithergroup.dULV87H。2gjVXBn。Itwouldhavebeenbettertoletonedirectorortheotherhavehisway,notboth.PeR5DxT。sRD9GnC。Nowindustriousness,orhardwork.It'seasytomockpeoplewhosaytheyworkhard:afterall,ahamsterrunningaroundinawheelisworkinghard-andgettingnowhere.FgYYoP7。Jbh5o94。Ofcoursehardworkisvaluablebutonlywhenproperlytargeted.Lx2HUf4。xNthzW9。Otherwiseitwastestheresourcesthatcompaniesvaluemost-timeandenergy.cK0ueUY。xrD27KK。Andthat'sbadfortheorganisation.There'samanagementmodelthatgroupspeopleaccordingtofourcriteria:clever,hardworking,stupidandlazy.Cvw0ETk。G4EcL1u。Here'lazy'meanshavingarationaldeterminationnottocarryoutunnecessarytasks.dl21Lm3。dUTYBYo。Itdoesn'tmeantryingtoavoidworkaltogether.Mostpeopledisplaytwoofthesecharacteristics,andthemostvaluablepeoplearethosewhoarebothcleverandlazy:AJF3NfZ。QXLVnir。theypossessintellectualclarity,andtheydon'trushintomakingdecisions.eJH33zr。pgKKWhd。Theycomeupwithsolutionstosavethetimeandenergyspentbythestupidandhard-workinggroup.QhdwpZN。XcuhvlD。Insteadofthrowingmoreman-hoursataproblem,thecleverandlazygrouplooksforamoreeffectivesolution.Nextwecometocreativity.zTI7mYe。DybLOeO。Thisoftenworkswell-creatinganattention-grabbingTVcommercial,forexample,mightleadtoincreasedsales.Butitisn'talwaysagoodthing.pyavGM2。un6Uvu8。Someadvertisingcampaignsarerememberedfortheircreativity,withouthavingany