Unit7知识点提要训练牛津译林版英语八年级下册

8BUnit7知识点提要一、词汇1.特别，尤其adv.especially(单选题重点)区分：specialadj.特殊的2.基础的，基本的adj.basic★基本技能basicskills★基本需要basicneeds3.教育不可n.education教育v.educate★★★接受基础教育receivebasiceducation4.权利可n.&右边n.&正确的adj.&向右；正好，就在adv.right(a/s)★平等的权利equalrights5.扩散；分布；展开不可n.spread防止一些严重的疾病的扩散preventthespreadofsomeseriousdiseases&扩散；分布；展开v.spread→三单：s→★过去式：spread→现分：ing→★过分：spread6.采访者可n.interviewer★(an/s)区分：采访v.interview报道v.report记者n.reporter7.失明不可n.blindness瞎的adj.blind夜盲症nightblindness色盲colourblindness8.医学的，医疗的adj.medical★医学治疗/知识/研究/院medicaltreatment/knowledge/research/school★医疗团队/救助/支持medicalteams/help/support9.医学，药不可n.medicine★现代医学modernmedicine★吃药takethemedicine 10.治疗；处理v.treat→三单：s→过去式：ed→现分：ing→过分：ed&对待，看待v.treat把A看作BtreatAasB&招待，款待n.treat<口>（这次/今天）我请客。(Thisis/It’s)mytreat.不招待就使坏trickortreat11.治疗不可n.*treatment接受治疗receivetreatment正在治疗中undertreatment区分：医学的，医疗的adj.medical医学，药不可n.medicine治愈v.cure12.病人可n.(a/s)&有耐心的adj.patient13.买得起；能做v.afford→三单：s→过去式：ed→现分：ing→过分：ed买得起/不起某物can/can’t/couldn’taffordsth.★★★负担得起/不起做某事can/can’t/couldn’taffordtodosth.14.去看病（短语）gotohospital去医院gotothehospital住院inhospital在医院里inthehospital[典型例题]()1．Manypatientsinpoorareascan’tafford________to_______hospital.A．togo;theB．going;theC．togo;/D．going;/()2．Grandpaisillin_______hospital.It’simpolitetotalkloudlyin_______hospital.—Sorry,Mum.I’llrememberwhatyousaid.A．the;theB．/;/C．/;theD．the;/()3．TodayIwillgoto______hospitaltoseemyfriend.Sheisillin______hospital.A．the;theB．/;/C．/;theD．the;/15.在飞机(船、火车)上（短语）onboard16.自豪的，骄傲的adj.proud★★★为...感到自豪/骄傲beproudof=takepridein做某事感到自豪/骄傲beproudtodosth.区分：英镑可n.pound(a/s)17.读者可n.reader(a/s)阅读v.&读物n.read★一本好的读物agoodread18.发展；加强v.&养成v.develop→三单：s→过去式：ed→现分：ing→过分：ed发达的adj.developed发达国家developedcountries发展中的adj.developing发展中国家developingcountries发展n.development...的发展thedevelopmentof...★★★养成一个良好的阅读习惯developagoodreadinghabit养成一个环保的生活方式developagreenlifestyle19.继续开展，继续下去（短语）carryon继续做某事(4种)carryonwithsth.=carryondoingsth.=keep(on)doingsth.=continuedoingsth.(同一件事)20.分发；提出handout（短语）=giveout★分发它们handthemout★上交它们handthemin21.举行v.&握住，拿着v.&保持v.hold→三单：s→★过去式：held→现分：ing→★过分：held22.创建，建立v.set→三单：s→★过去式：set→▲现分：setting→★过分：set23.建起，设立（短语）setup24.战争可n.war(a/s)25.苍白的adj.pale比较级：more~最高级：themost~ 26.事情，问题可n.(a/s)&要紧v.9AU4matter★★★(某人)怎么了？（3种）What’sthematter/trouble(withsb.)?=What’swrong(withsb.)?=Whathappened(tosb.)?使事情更糟糕makemattersworse★没关系。Itdoesn’tmatter.[典型例题]()1.Paynoattentiontothosewholaughatyou.Whatmost________ishowyouseeyourself.A.drinks B.matters C.cares D.minds27.检查可n.(a/—)&检查；核实v.check检查haveacheck28.秘书可n.secretary▲(a/secretaries)29.决定做某事（短语）makeupone’smindtodosth.=decidetodosth.[回顾]mind用法（1）头脑①★英雄所见略同。Greatmindsthinkalike.②★★★某人决定做某事makeupone’smindtodosth.③把(...)记住keep(...)inmind④改变某人的主意changeone’smind（2）介意①★你介意(某人)(别)做某事吗？Would/Doyoumind(sb./one’s)(not)doingsth.?②★介意某人(别)做某事mindsb./one’s(not)doingsth.③★没关系。Nevermind.30.印度不可n.India印度人/印第安人n.&印度(人)的adj.&印第安语n.Indian一家印度餐厅anIndianrestaurant31.官员可n.officer★(an/s)带*号1.平等的adj.equal★平等的权利equalrights平等的社会equalsociety平等的机会equalchanc2.主要地，大部分地adv.mostly(单选题重点词)3.病例；案例可n.case(a/s)4.治愈v.cure→三单：s→▲过去式：d→现分：curing→▲过分：d5.做手术v.operate→三单：s→▲过去式：d→现分：operating→▲过分：d★给某人做手术operateonsb.=do/performanoperationonsb.6.传单；散页印刷品可n.leaflet(a/s)发传单hand/giveoutleaflets7.包括，包含prep.including8.组织v.organize→三单：s→▲过去式：d→现分：organizing→▲过分：d机构；组织可n.organization★(an/s)教材英文释义总结★1.blindness(theconditionofbeingunabletosee)2.cure(makeanillnessgoaway)3.patient(apersonwhoisill,especiallyinhospital)4.afford(haveenoughmoneytopayforsomething)5.operate(cutaperson’sbodyopentotakeoutorrepairapart)二、重要短语、句子icstrips—Weletotheunit部分（无）Reading部分1.全世界的许多人都是盲人或有其他眼部问题，主要是在贫困地区。Manypeoplearoundtheworldareblindorhaveothereyeproblems,mostlyinpoorareas.2.这些病例中的百分之八十都能被预防或治愈。80percentofthesecasescanbepreventedorcured.3.然而，许多人没有足够的钱去接受医学治疗。However,manypeopledon’thaveenoughmoneyformedicaltreatment.4.许多贫困地区的病人负担不起看病(的费用)。Manypatientsinpoorareascan’taffordtogotohospital.5.当地的医生和护士被邀请上飞机去了解眼部手术。Localdoctorsandnursesareinvitedonboardtolearnabouteyeoperations.6.我很自豪能帮助人们重见光明，改善他们的生活。I’mproudtohelppeopleseeagainandimprovetheirlives.7.现代医学正在快速发展，现在大部分眼部问题和疾病都能被治疗和治愈。Modernmedicineisdevelopingquicklyandnowmosteyeproblemsanddiseasescanbetreatedandcured.8.继续开展我们的工作需要更多的钱。Moremoneyisneededtocarryonwithourwork.（p97语篇熟记，综合填空30空）TheORBISplanet__1__allaroundtheworldandh__2__peoplewitheyep__3__inp__4__areas.Mostofthepeopletherecannota__5__togotoh__6__,soORBISdoctorsgotothem.O__7____8__(do)__9__(help)peoplewithe__10__problems__11__(see)again.Thep__12__donothavetop__13__becauseORBISisac__14__.Localdoctorsandn__15__arealso__16__(invite)onb__17____18__(learn)newskills.Byt__19__them,ORBISdoctorshopetohelpmorepeople.DrMaisadoctorontheORBISplane.Hefeelsp__20__tohelppeoples__21__again.DrMathinksthatm__22__m__23____24__(develop)__25__(quick)andnowmosteyeproblemscan__26__(treat)and__27__(cure),butmorem__28____29__(need)__30__(support)theirwork.Grammar部分（无）Integratedskills部分（p102语篇熟记，综合填空30空）UNICEFisani__1__c__2__.Itisp__3__oftheUnitedNations(联合国).It__4__(set)upinEuropein1946,afterwordwarII.Atthattime,many__5__(child)__6__(live)__7__(change)becauseofthew__8__,andUNICEFwantedtohelpthem.NowUNICEFworksinover190c__9__anda__10__.Ithelpsg__11__,c__12__andfamilies__13__(make)theworlda__14__(good)placeforc__15__.UNICEFwantsallchildrentobe__16__(health),soitp__17__themwithcleanwaterandfood,andtriestop__18__themfrom__19__(get)__20__(ill).UNICEFalsob__21__thatit’si__22__tforchildrentoreceiveb__23__e__24__soithelpsthemgotoschool.UNICEFr__25__moneyby__26__(sell)Christmascardsand__27__(organize)otheractivities.Peoplecans__28__itby__29__(donate)moneyorworkingasv__30__.Studyskills部分（无）Task部分（p104全文背诵、默写）译文1.戴安娜(Diana)曾经是一家大公司的秘书。2.她住在一间舒服的公寓里，开车去工作。3.她游览过很多地方，但是她很少坐飞机。4.她害怕飞行。5.有一天，戴安娜看了一个关于奥比斯的电视节目。6.她了解了眼科飞机医院。7.她想要帮助有眼部问题的穷人重见光明，所以她决定接受护士培训，下班后学习课程。8.戴安娜现在正在为奥比斯工作。9.她不得不一年奔波300多天。10.她正在习惯于坐飞机奔波。11.戴安娜享受她的工作。12.她很高兴能够帮助人们重见光明。13.她拥有的钱不如以前多了，但是她认为她的生活更有意义。三、语言点1.punctuationmarks标点符号ma（,）fullstop（.）questionmark（?）exclamationmark（!）quotationmarks（“”）逗号句号问号感叹号引号[典型例题]()★1.Howshouldweaddthecorrectpunctuationmarkstothefollowingsentences？A.Petercan’tstopaskinghismother“willyousupportme?”B.Petercan’tstopaskinghismother,willyousupportme?C.Petercan’tstopaskinghismother,“willyousupportme?”D.Petercan’tstopaskinghismother,“willyousupportme”?()2.Whichofthefollowingsentencesiscorrect?A.Hecameinandsatdown.B.Wealllike《HarryPotter》.C.Whenwemet.Hedidn’tsayhello.D.Hewentout,headedforthebusstop.()3.“Heisthesamesizeasmylittlefinger_____________”Gulliverfeltsurprised.Whichofthefourpunctuationmarkscanbeputintheblank?A.Exclamationmark. B.Fullstop C.Questionmark. D.ma.2.国际慈善机构internationalcharities（单选题、听力题考点，第4行为解题关键词）ORBIS WWF Oxfam UNICEF奥比斯 世界自然基金会 乐施会 联合国儿童基金会eye,blind(ness) environment poor children,boy,girl3.一名奥比斯医生anORBISdoctor4.一名乐施会志愿者anOxfamvolunteer5.一名联合国儿童基金会官员aUNICEFofficer6.眼科飞机医院theFlyingEyeHospital7.还剩一些零花钱havesomepocketmoneyleft 8.还剩五千米havefivekilometresleft 9.被用来做某事beusedtodosth.10.过去常常做某事usedtodosth.11.习惯于做某事be/getusedtodoingsth.12.被用来作为...beusedas... 13.是...的一部分bepartof 14.害怕做某事beafraidofdoingsth.15.我感到身体不适。Idon’tfeelwell.16.在某人的帮助下withone’shelp=withthehelpofsb.17.了解当地人的状况learnabouttheconditionsofthelocalpeople18.★further常考固搭5种：进一步学习/研究furtherstudy/research进一步讨论furtherdiscussion更多的信息furtherinformation其他的问题furtherquestions再往前/下走8BU3furtheron/down[典型例题]()1．Therearenotmanypeople______inthisvillage,and80percentofthem______womenandchildren.A．left;is B．leaving;are C．left;are D．leaving;is()2．—Doyouknowthattherearenotmanycranes________intheworld?—Yes,Ido.And40percentofthem________inZhalong.A．leave;live B．leaving;lives C．left;lives D．left;live()3．Inthisvillage,90percentofthewater___polluted,butonly1percentofthechildren___illlastyear.A．were,was B．was,were C．are,is D．is,are解题技巧：include(s)前后无标点，including前面有逗号，included后面有标点[典型例题]1．TheUnitedKingdom________(include)NorthernIrelandandWales.2.Manyanimalsareindangerofdyingout,________(include)thepolarbear.3.Allofus,myself________(include),hadafantastictimeatShanghaiDisneylandthedaybeforeyesterday.4．Jimmyboughtalotofbooksyesterday,andanEnglishnovel________(include).()5．—Dohispets________thecat?—Yes.Hehasthreepets,________thisone.A．include;include B．include;includingC．including;including D．including;include()6．—Iheartheteacherhaschosenfiveofusasvolunteers.You_________,right?—Yes.Someofusarechosen,________Tom,Jimandme.A．haveincluded;including B．areincluded;includingC．areincluded;include D．haveincluded;include()7．Manytopics________inthecourse,________foodanddrinks,travelandhotels.A．cover；include B．arecovered；includingC．covers；including D．arecovered；include四、语法：被动语态（8BU7&8BU8）10个三星内容为高频考点，必背1、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成，be有人称、时态和数的变化。分类 构成 例句一般现在时 am/is/are+过去分词 Chineseistaughtinourschool.我们学校教汉语。一般过去时 was/were+过去分词 Chinesewastaughtinourschoollastyear.去年我们学校教汉语。现在进行时 am/is/are+being+过去分词 Chineseisbeingtaughtinourschool.我们学校正在教汉语。过去进行时 was/were+being+过去分词 ChinesewasbeingtaughtbyMissGaoatthistimeyesterday.昨天这个时候高老师正在教汉语。一般将来时 will/shallbe+过去分词begoingtobe+过去分词 Chinesewillbe/isgoingtobetaughtbyMissGaonextyear.明年高老师将教汉语。现在完成时 have/has+been+过去分词 Chinesehasbeentaughtinourschool.我们学校已经教汉语了。情态动词 情态动词+be+过去分词 Chinesemustbetaughtineachschool.每一所学校必须教汉语。2、主动变被动的方法（1）把原句中的宾语改成主语；（2）把谓语动词改成被动形式be＋过去分词（注意时态和数）；（3）原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词by的后面，以指明做事的人或物，如果没有必要则省去。Themanplantedsometrees.→Sometreeswereplantedbytheman.（注意时态和语态）3、被动语态的基本用法（教材p138，略）4、被动语态的特殊用法（1）give,buy等带双宾结构的动词，改为用其直接宾语（物）作主语的被动语态时，间接宾语（人）前必须加介词to或for。例1：Shegiveshimanapple.→Shegivesanappletohim.→Anappleisgiventohimbyher.例2：Myfatherboughtmeaputer.→Myfatherboughtaputerforme.→Aputerwasboughtformebymyfather.（2）使役动词（make/let/have）或一看一听（经常性、习惯性发生的动作）often，改为被动语态时，要在宾补前加to。★★★被看见/听见做某事beseen/heardtodosth.★★★被使(不要)做某事bemade(not)todosth.例3：Myteacheroftenmakesmedosomehomework.→Iamoftenmadetodosomehomeworkbymyteacher.例4：Ioftensee/hearthegirlsinginthemusicroom.→Thegirlisoftenseen/heardtosinginthemusicroom.[对比题]1.Marywasheard________(sing)thesongataparty.2.Thecutegirlwasheard________(sing)thesongat9o’clockyesterdayevening.（3）3类动词用主动语态表被动意义①7个系表：物＋感官动词＋adj.（look看起来/sound看起来/smell闻起来/taste尝起来/feel摸起来、感到）★★★物need/require＋doing=物need/require＋tobedone例5：Themusic★★★soundsnice.这段音乐听起来不错。例6：Thedish★★★smells/tastesgood.这道菜闻/吃起来很香/美味。例7：Thedoorneedsrepairing/toberepaired.这扇门需要修理。②5个动副：物＋sell(s)/write(s)/clean(s)/break(s)/wash(es)/work(s)＋adv.例8：★★★Thenewbikesellssowellthatitissoldoutinallshops.新自行车卖得如此好以至于它在所有店里都被卖完了。例9：Thepenwritessmoothly.这支笔写起来很流畅。例10：Thestreetcleanseasily.这条街很容易打扫。例11：Thewindowbreakseasily.这扇窗户很容易破裂。例12：Theseclotheswasheasily.这些衣服很容易清洗。例13：Thewaysoundsverystrangebutworkswell.这个办法听起来奇怪但非常有用。③4个不及物v.：物＋happen/takeplace/etrue/runout例14：★★★Atrafficaccidenthappenedlastnight.昨晚发生了一起交通事故。例15：★★★ThesportsmeetingtakesplaceinAprilev