C#程序设计报告

C#程序设计课程报告3/15C#程序设计课程报告专业：空间信息与数字技术班级：学号：姓名：指导老师：日期：2015.02.02目录一、 题目简介 3(一) 课程题目 3(二) 程序分析 3二、 修改过程 3(一) 基础格式的修改 3(二) 系统函数的修改 4三、 源代码（C#） 4四、 运行结果 14五、 心得体会 14一、 题目简介课程题目将指定C程序改为C#程序。程序分析TSP问题（TravelSalespersonProblem，即旅行商问题或者称为中国邮递员问题），是一种，是一种NP-hard问题，此类问题用一般的算法是很大得到最优解的，所以一般需要借助一些启发式算法求解，例如遗传算法（GA），蚁群算法（ACO），微粒群算法（PSO）等等。遗传算法的概念最早是由BagleyJ.D于1967年提出的。后来Michigan大学的J.H.Holland教授于1975年开始对遗传算法（GeneticAlgorithm,GA）的机理进行系统化的研究。遗传算法是对达尔文生物进化理论的简单模拟，其遵循“适者生存”、“优胜略汰”的原理。遗传算法模拟一个人工种群的进化过程，并且通过选择、杂交以及变异等机制，种群经过若干代以后，总是达到最优（或近最优）的状态。本程序是利用遗传算法解决TSP问题。修改过程基础格式的修改数组格式的修改将数组的格式由C语言改为C#：定义：intcolony[N_COLONY][CITY];改为publicstaticint[,]colony=newint[N_COLONY,CITY];使用：colony[i][j]改为colony[I,j]文件输入格式的修改将文件输入的格式由C语言改为C#：using(StreamReadersr=newStreamReader(FILE_PATH)){stringline;while(sr.ReadLine()!=null){line=sr.ReadLine();string[]strcol=line.Split(newchar[]{''});cityXY[i,0]=Convert.ToInt32(strcol[1]);cityXY[i,1]=Convert.ToInt32(strcol[2]);++i;}}文件输出格式的修改将文件输出的格式由C语言改为C#：FileStreamstrme;if(!File.Exists(FILE_PATH)){strme=File.Create(FILE_PATH);}else{strme=newFileStream(FILE_PATH,FileMode.CreateNew);}StreamWriterwriter=newStreamWriter(strme);系统函数的修改rand函数修改使用random函数：Randomrand=newRandom();pos_C=rand.Next()%xCity;clock函数的修改使用DateTime，定义：publicstaticDateTimetimeStart=DateTime.Now;publicstaticDateTimetimeNow=DateTime.Now;publicstaticDateTimetimeTemp=DateTime.Now;源代码（C#）usingSystem;usingSystem.Collections.Generic;usingSystem.Linq;usingSystem.Text;usingSystem.Threading.Tasks;usingSystem.IO;namespacetao{classProgram{staticstringFILE_PATH="e:\\cnc144.txt";//数据文件名publicstaticintCITY=144;publicstaticintN_COLONY=300;publicstaticintxColony=300;//##//个体数publicstaticintxCity=198;publicstaticdoubleedgeSpeed=30;//##//临界速度publicstaticdoubleprobab1=0.02;//##//变异概率publicstaticdoubleprobab2=0.05;//##//映射概率//0.04(80)0.03(50)0.015(80)0.05(50);publicstaticlongNOCHANGE=200000;//##//最大停止改变代数publicstaticlongmaxGen=300000;//##//停机代数publicstaticint[,]colony=newint[N_COLONY,CITY];publicstaticint[]colony1=newint[N_COLONY];publicstaticdouble[,]cityXY=newdouble[CITY,2];publicstaticdouble[,]city_dis=newdouble[CITY,CITY];publicstaticdouble[]dis_p=newdouble[N_COLONY];publicstaticdoublesumbest,sumTemp;publicstaticdoublespeed;publicstaticintibest;publicstaticint[]temp=newint[CITY];publicstaticlongGenNum,Ni;publicstaticDateTimetimeStart=DateTime.Now;publicstaticDateTimetimeNow=DateTime.Now;publicstaticDateTimetimeTemp=DateTime.Now;staticvoidMain(string[]args){intC1,j,k,pos_C,pos_C1;intk1,k2,l1,l2,pos_flag;doubledisChange;inti=0;init();//^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^//for(;;){for(j=0;j<xCity;j++)temp[j]=colony[i,j];disChange=0;pos_flag=0;Randomrand=newRandom();pos_C=rand.Next()%xCity; for(;;){if((rand.Next()/32768.0)<probab1)//内变异算子{dopos_C1=rand.Next()%xCity;while(pos_C1==pos_C);C1=colony[i,pos_C1];}else {doj=rand.Next()%xColony;while(j==i);k=position(colony1,temp[pos_C]);C1=colony[j,(k+1)%xCity];pos_C1=position(temp,C1);} if(speed>edgeSpeed&&pos_C1<pos_C+2)break;/////////////////////// if((pos_C+1)%xCity==pos_C1||(pos_C-1+xCity)%xCity==pos_C1)break; k1=temp[pos_C];k2=temp[(pos_C+1)%xCity];l1=temp[pos_C1];l2=temp[(pos_C1+1)%xCity]; disChange+=city_dis[k1,l1]+city_dis[k2,l2]-city_dis[k1,k2]-city_dis[l1,l2]; invert(pos_C,pos_C1);pos_flag++;if(pos_flag>xCity-1)break;////////////pos_C++;if(pos_C>=xCity)pos_C=0;/**********************/if(speed<edgeSpeed&&disChange<0){dis_p[i]+=disChange;disChange=0;tempTest(i);}//每有改变就计算 } if(speed>=edgeSpeed&&disChange<0) {dis_p[i]+=disChange;disChange=0;tempTest(i);}/////speed>=1500&&i++;if(i>=xColony) { Ni++;GenNum++;i=0; probab1=0.02*(1-GenNum*0.01/maxGen);//内逆转概率逐渐减小 if(speed<edgeSpeed&&(rand.Next()/32767.0<probab2))// {mapped(); probab2=0.05*(GenNum*2.0/maxGen+1);//部分交换概率逐渐增大 }if(NOCHANGE-Ni<1)LastCP();//5可改 if(GenNum>=maxGen||Ni>=NOCHANGE){Console.WriteLine("\n");printBest(GenNum,Ni);System.Environment.Exit(0);} }}}staticvoidinit(){inti=0,j,t,sign,mod;int[]array=newint[CITY];doubled;Randomrand=newRandom();using(StreamReadersr=newStreamReader(FILE_PATH)){stringline;while(sr.ReadLine()!=null){line=sr.ReadLine();string[]strcol=line.Split(newchar[]{''});cityXY[i,0]=Convert.ToInt32(strcol[1]);cityXY[i,1]=Convert.ToInt32(strcol[2]);++i;}}for(i=0;i<xCity;i++)for(j=0;j<xCity;j++){if(j>i){d=(cityXY[i,0]-cityXY[j,0])*(cityXY[i,0]-cityXY[j,0])*1.0+(cityXY[i,1]-cityXY[j,1])*(cityXY[i,1]-cityXY[j,1])*1.0;city_dis[i,j]=Math.Sqrt(d);continue;}if(j==i){city_dis[i,j]=0;continue;}if(j<i)city_dis[i,j]=city_dis[j,i];}mod=xCity;for(i=0;i<xCity;i++)array[i]=i;for(i=0;i<xColony;i++,mod=xCity)for(j=0;j<xCity;j++){sign=rand.Next()%mod;colony[i,j]=array[sign];t=array[mod-1];array[mod-1]=array[sign];array[sign]=t;mod--;if(mod==1)colony[i,++j]=array[0];}for(i=0;i<xColony;i++) /*initdis_p[]*/{dis_p[i]=0;for(j=0;j<xCity-1;j++)dis_p[i]=dis_p[i]+city_dis[colony[i,j],colony[i,j+1]];dis_p[i]=dis_p[i]+city_dis[colony[i,0],colony[i,xCity-1]];}ibest=0;sumbest=dis_p[0]; sumTemp=sumbest*5;speed=100000000;GenNum=0; Ni=0;/*initializeGunNum&Ni*/Console.WriteLine("initsuccess!!!\n");}staticvoidinvert(intpos_start,intpos_end){intj,k,t;if(pos_start<pos_end){j=pos_start+1;k=pos_end;for(;j<=k;j++,k--) {t=temp[j];temp[j]=temp[k];temp[k]=t;}}else{ if(xCity-1-pos_start<=pos_end+1) {j=pos_end;k=pos_start+1; for(;k<xCity;j--,k++) {t=temp[j];temp[j]=temp[k];temp[k]=t;} k=0; for(;k<=j;k++,j--) {t=temp[j];temp[j]=temp[k];temp[k]=t;}} else {j=pos_end;k=pos_start+1; for(;j>=0;j--,k++) {t=temp[j];temp[j]=temp[k];temp[k]=t;}j=xCity-1; for(;k<=j;k++,j--) {t=temp[j];temp[j]=temp[k];temp[k]=t;}}}}staticintposition(int[]tmp,intC){intj;for(j=0;j<xCity;j++)if(tmp[j]==C)break;return(j);}staticvoidtempTest(inti){intj;doubledt;TimeSpant;for(j=0;j<xCity;j++)colony[i,j]=temp[j];if((int)sumbest>(int)dis_p[i]){sumbest=dis_p[i];ibest=i;Ni=0;timeNow=DateTime.Now;t=timeNow-timeTemp;dt=t.TotalMilliseconds/1000.0;if(dt>0.1) {speed=(sumTemp-sumbest)/dt; sumTemp=sumbest; timeTemp=timeNow;}Console.WriteLine("\n{0}{1}{2}",sumbest,(timeNow-timeStart).TotalMilliseconds/1000.0,speed);}}staticvoidprintBest(longGenNum,longNi){inti;Console.WriteLine("\nCITY{0}\t\tN_COLONY{1}",CITY,N_COLONY);Console.WriteLine("\nmaxGen{0}\t\ttime{1}seconds",maxGen,(timeNow-timeStart).TotalMilliseconds/1000.0);Console.WriteLine("\nprobab{0}\t\tdistance{1}",probab2,sumbest);Console.WriteLine("\nGenNum{0}\t\tNochange{1}\n\n",GenNum,Ni);for(i=0;i<xCity;i++){if(i%10==0&&i!=0){Console.WriteLine("\n");}Console.WriteLine("{0}",colony[ibest,i]+1);}Console.WriteLine("\n\n");FileStreamstrme;if(!File.Exists("result198.txt")){strme=File.Create("result198.txt");}else{strme=newFileStream("result198.txt",FileMode.CreateNew);}StreamWriterwriter=newStreamWriter(strme);Console.Write("\nCITY{0}\t\tN_COLONY{1}",CITY,N_COLONY);Console.Write("\nmaxGen{0}\t\ttime{1}seconds",maxGen,(timeNow-timeStart).TotalMilliseconds/1000.0);Console.Write("\nprobab{0}\t\tdistance{1}",probab2,sumbest);Console.Write("\nGenNum{0}\t\tNochange{1}\n\n",GenNum,Ni);}staticvoidmapped(){intstart,end,i,j,k,kt,t,disPlace,kDC,kC;doubletemp_dis=0;Randomrand=newRandom();i=rand.Next()%xColony;j=rand.Next()%xColony;if(i==j)return;if(dis_p[i]<dis_p[j]){t=i;i=j;j=t;}for(k=0;k<xCity;k++)temp[k]=colony[i,k];/////////////////start=rand.Next()%xCity;end=(start+rand.Next()%180+20)%xCity;//rand()%xCity;kt=position(temp,colony[j,start]);//部分映射一二位同disPlace=kt-start;if(temp[(kt+1)%xCity]==colony[j,(start+1)%xCity]){if(start<end)for(k=start;k<=end;k++){kDC=(k+disPlace)%xCity;if(temp[kDC]==colony[j,k])continue;t=position(temp,colony[j,k]);temp[t]=temp[kDC];temp[kDC]=colony[j,k];}elsefor(k=start;k<=xCity+end;k++){kDC=(k+disPlace)%xCity;kC=k%xCity;if(temp[kDC]==colony[j,kC])continue;t=position(temp,colony[j,kC]);temp[t]=temp[kDC];temp[kDC]=colony[j,kC];}}else{if(temp[(kt-1+xCity)%xCity]==colony[j,(start+1)%xCity]){if(start<end)for(k=kt=start;k<=end;k++,kt--){kDC=(kt+xCity+disPlace)%xCity;if(temp[kDC]==colony[j,k])continue;t=position(temp,colony[j,k]);temp[t]=temp[kDC];temp[kDC]=colony[j,k];}elsefor(k=kt=start;k<=end+xCity;k++,kt--){kDC=(kt+xCity+disPlace)%xCity;kC=k%xCity;if(temp[kDC]==colony[j,kC])continue;t=position(temp,colony[j,kC]);temp[t]=temp[kDC];temp[kDC]=colony[j,kC];}}elsereturn;}for(j=0;j<xCity-1;j++)temp_dis=temp_dis+city_dis[temp[j],temp[j+1]];temp_dis=temp_dis+city_dis[temp[0],temp[xCity-1]];dis_p[i]=temp_dis;/*********/tempTest(i);}staticvoidLastCP(){inti,k,j1,j2,k1,k2,turn,length;int[]sign=newint[CITY];doubledc,temp_dis=0,change=0;Randomrand=newRandom();Console.WriteLine("+");for(k=0;k<xCity;k++)temp[k]=colony[ibest,k];for(turn=0;turn<xCity/10;turn++)//可改{for(k1=0;k1<xCity-1;k1+=rand.Next()%4+1)//rand()%9+1可改{for(i=1;i<xColony;i++){if(i==ibest)continue;for(k=0;k<xCity;k++)sign[k]=0;j1=position(colony1,temp[k1]);k2=k1;j2=j1;for(length=0;length<xCity/2;length++)//70xCity/3+10可改{k2=(++k2)%xCity;j2=(++j2)%xCity;sign[temp[k2]]=1;if(temp[k2]==colony[i,j2]&&length>1)break;//5xCity/10可改}if(temp[k2]!=colony[i,j2])continue;k=j1;dok=(k+1)%xCity;while(sign[colony[i,k]]==