虚拟语气分析与突破课件

虚拟语气分析与突破1一．高考链接年份考点22008

宾语从句中的虚拟语气2009

虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用2010

宾语从句中的虚拟语气2011

if虚拟条件从句的基本用法2012if虚拟条件从句的基本用法1.（2008湖北）I

feelso

sick.

Iwish3Mum（没有逼我）toeat

so

much.(force)我感到恶心。我希望妈妈没有逼我吃这么多。2.（2009湖北）After

circling

aroundtheearth

for

three

days,ShenzhouSpaceship

received

the

command

fromthe

groundthat

（它着陆）as

scheduled

the

next

day.(land)43.（2010湖北）Mr.Johnson

insistedthat

the

problem

worthy

of

attention（讨.论）at

the

meeting.(discuss)4.

（2011湖北）If

（我没有喝）alcohol

last

night,

I

could

havedriven

my

car

home.

(drink)5.（2012湖北）Had

we

not

used

anout-of-date

train

schedule,

wethe

train.

(miss)

要不是用了一张过期的列车时刻表，我们就不会误了火车。5答案：1.

hadn’t

forced

me 2.

it

(should)

land3.

(should)

be

discussed4.

I

had

not

/

hadn’t

drunk 5.

would

nothave

missed67二．考点梳理热点清单1.if虚拟条件从句的基本用法省略if的条件状语从句的用法虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用虚拟语气在其它从句中的用法含蓄条件句考点1：if虚拟条件从句的基本用法1.表示与现在事实相反的假设If

I

were

rich,

I

would

buy

that

car.If

I

had

a

car,

I

should

be

very

happy.82.表示与过去事实相反的假设If

I

had

known

her

telephone

number,

Iwould

have

called

her.If

he

had

hurried,

he

could

have

caughtthe

train.3.表示与将来事实相反的假设If

I

were

to

go

abroad，I

would

go

toAmerica.If

I

saw

him

tomorrow,

I

would

passyour

note

to

him.If

it

should

rain

tomorrow,

I

might

getlost.94.混合条件句有时主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主、从句中谓语动词的虚拟语气形式必须因时间不同而不同。例如：

If

she

hadn’t

trained

sohard，shewouldn’t

be

able

to

run

so

fast.(从句与过去事实相反；主句与现在事实相反)10即时巩固阅读下列各小题，根据汉语句子，用括号内的英语单词完成句子。1.（2012·黄冈市9月调考）

Iftheamount

of

vitamin

D

in

the

milkthe

demand

of

thebabies,

they

would

have

fallen

ill

then.(adequate

)如果牛奶中维生素D的含量不能满足婴儿的需要，婴儿那时早生病了。112.

（2013·湖北八校Ⅱ）

If I

wouldmeet

such

a

big

trouble,

I

might

not

live

herenow.

（know）如果我早知道我会遇到这么大的麻烦，我可能现在就不会住在这里了。12（2013武汉市部分中学11月联考）

IfI

alcohollast

night,

Icouldhavedriven

my

carhome.

(drink)如果我昨晚没有喝酒，我就能自己开车回家了。This

printer

is

of

good

quality.

Ifitwithin

the

first

year,

we

would

repair

itat

our

expense.

(break)这台打印机质量很好，如果第一年坏了，我们保修。135.

I14but

I

was

toobusy

at

the

time.

(give)我本来可以给你更多帮助，但我那时太忙了。6.

It’s

a

pity

that

he

failed

the

exam.

Ifhehis

handwriting,

theresult

would

be

better

now.(pay)可惜他考试没有及格。如果他更注意书写，现在的结果就会好一些。had

not

been

adequate

forI

hadknownhadn’t

drunk 4.

were

to

break

down/

broke

downcould

have

given

you

more

helphad

pay

more

attention

to15考点2：省略if的条件状语从句的用法

Were

I

you,

I

would

get

up

early

in

themorning.Had

you

arrived

at

the

station

tenminutes

earlier

yesterday,

youcouldhave

caught

thetrain.Should

it

rain,

the

crops

would

besaved.16即时巩固阅读下列各小题，根据汉语句子，用括号内的英语单词完成句子。1.（2013·湖北八校Ⅰ）

Had

localleaders

had

enough

vision

and

showedrespect

for

cultural

heritage,

many

moresites

of

historical

interest

now.(stand)2.（2013襄阳五中二月统考）

Had

hebeen

able

to

afford

an

operation,he_

his

rightleg.(lose)如果有钱做手术，他就不会失去右腿了。17183.（2013荆州市质量检查Ⅱ）

Had

it

notbeen

for

the

worsening

air

quality,theflight

by

theheavy

fog

for

such

a

long

time.

(delay)如果不是空气质量越来越差，航班不会因为大雾延误如此之久。4.

Had

they

known

what

wascomingnext,

secondthoughts.

(have)要是他们知道了接下来将会发生什么事情，他们可能会改变主意的。would

stillstandwouldn’t

have

lostwouldn’t

have

been

delayedthey

might

/

would

have

had19考点3：虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用1.主语从句1）

It

was

unnecessary

that

he

(should)get

here

soearly.It

is

strange

that

he

(should)leavewithout

telling

us.It

is

surprising

/

amazing

/

pleasing

thatshe

(should)

win

over

hermother.20形容词表示“必须的”、“重要的”、“适当的”、“自然的”、“不可能的”、“紧迫的”等意义时，句子常用虚拟语气。这类形容词还有advisable,desirable,essential,impossible,natural,possible等。形容词表示“惊讶的”、“失望的”、“懊悔的”等意义时，句子常用虚拟语气。212)

It’s

ordered

that

the

classroom(should)

be

kept

in

order.It

is

desired

that

every

student

(should)obey

the

schoolrules.含有某些“-ed”分词的句子常用虚拟语气。这类词都是由与之相关的表“命令”、“建议”、“要求”等意义的动词转化而来的。

这类动词还有advise,arrange,demand,propose,recommend,

request,require等。222.宾语从句1)

He

insisted

that

all

of

us

(should)

bethere

on

time

by

any

means.The

teacher

suggested

that

we

(should)clean

the

blackboard

after

class.表示“要求”、“建议”、“命令”等意义的动词后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。2324He

insisted

that

he

was

honest.这类动词包括insist,desire,request,order,propose,command,

advise,recommend,

demand,suggest等。这些动词后面的宾语从句中用“（should+）

动词原形”构成虚拟语气。注意：当insist表示“坚持认为”和suggest表示“表明；暗示”时，其后的宾语从句中不用虚拟语气。如：The

look

on

his

face

suggested

that

hewas

quite

satisfied

with

what

I

had

donefor

him.25bed

early?2）I

wish

I

could

fly.（用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的愿望）I

wish

I

had

known

it

before.（用过去完成时表示过去未实现的愿望，即与过去事实相反的愿望）I

wish

you

would

stay

a

little

longer（用“would+动词原形”表示对将来的愿望）3)

I’d

rather

you

didn’t

make

anycomment

on

the

issue

for

the

timebeing.Wouldn’t

you

rather

your

child

went

to263.表语从句My

suggestion

is

that

the

oldhouses(should)

be

pulled

down.The

old

man’s

request

is

that

hischildren

(should)

give

him

somemoneyto

live

on

every

month.句子主语是表示“愿望”、“劝告”、“建议”、“主张”、“命令”、“决定”等行为动词派生出来的同根名词时，表语从句常用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”结构。这类名词有suggestion,propo-sal,

request,advice,decision,requirement等。27284.同位语从句What

do

you

think

of

Mr

Li’sproposalthat

we

(should)

have

a

get-togethernext

Friday?My

wish

that

a

teaching

building(should)

be

built

here

will

soon

cometrue.从句的先行词是表示“愿望”、“劝告”、“建议”、“主张”、“命令”、“决定”等行为动词派生出来的同根名词时，同位语从句常用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”结构。It

is

(high)

time

(that)

the

child

went

tobed.在It

is

(high)

time+(that)从句中，从句中的谓语动词通常用过去时（或should+动词原形）表示虚拟。（此时should不可省略）2930即时巩固阅读下列各小题，根据汉语句子，用括号内的英语单词完成句子。1.（2013襄阳市第一次联考）

Our

citygovernment

has

approved

the

proposalthat

the

new

traffic

regulations

from

January

1,2013.（carry）市政府已经批准了从2013年元月1日实施新的交通法规的提议。2.（2013襄阳市上学期期中联考）

Anorder

came

that

all

the

vehicleshavingseven

or

fewerseats

on

the

highway

during

the

eight-day

holiday.

(charge)传来指令说，八天假期中七座以内的小型汽车免收高速路费。313.（2013武汉市四月调考）

It

wasdemanded

from

the

local

residentsthatthe

chemicalplant

as

soonas

possible.(move)

当地居民要求那家化工厂尽快搬走。324.（2013·湖北八市）

Heistiredof

dealingwith

the

complaints

of

customers.More

thanonce

he

has

told

me

his

desire

that

to

do

another

job

of

thedepartment.

(appoint)他厌倦了应对顾客的投诉。他不止一次告诉我他的愿望：被任命做部门的其它工作。335.（2013·湖北稳派10月月考）Irequested

that

Tomme

by

next

Friday.（return）我要求汤姆下周五以前把那本书还给我。34The

representatives

all

applauded his

proposaleducation.

(access)代表们都赞同他的提案，即每个孩子都应有平等机会接受教育。It

is

required

that

all

highschoolstudents to

use

cellphones

at

school.(allow)

所有高中都有规定，学生在校内不准使用手机35361.

(should}be

carried

out(should)

not

be

charged

/

(should)

be free

of

charge(should)

be

movedhe

(should)

be

appointed 5.

(should) return

the

book

to(that)

each

child

(should)

have

equal access

to(should)

not

beallowed37考点四：虚拟语气在其它从句中的用法1.

It

is

(high/about/the

very)

time

+that从句that从句谓语动词要用一般过去式或

“should+动词原形”。2.would

rather+从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句动词用“had+过去分词”；表示与现在或将来事实相反的假设，从句动词用一般过去时(be用were)。3.wish+从句表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句动词用“had+过去分词”；表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句动词用一般过去时(be用were)；表示对将来假想的愿望，从句动词用“should/

would/could/might+动词原形”。38394.as

if/as

though从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句动词用

“had+过去分词”；表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句动词用一般过去时(be用were)；表示对将来的假想，从句动词用“should/would/could/might+动词原形”。40即时巩固阅读下列各小题，根据汉语句子，用括号内的英语单词完成句子。1.（2013荆州市龙泉中学10月统考）Though

the

couple

quarrel

a

lot,

I’drather

their

marriage_.

(break)虽然他们两口子经常吵架，我但愿他们的婚姻不会破裂。2．（2013武汉市二月调考）

It

is

hightimethat _

thedisagreementand

focus

on

the

subject,

(set)双方是时候把分歧放到一边，专注到这个主题上来。413.

（2012·黄冈中学11月月考）I

failedmydrivingtest.IfonlyI

the

chance.

(seize)我考驾照失败了，要是我抓住了这次机会多好啊！4.（2013荆州中学质量检查Ⅱ）He

isalready

over

thirty.

It’s

about

time

thata

wife

and

settled

down.

(find)他已经过了三十岁了。是时候该他给自己找个老婆安定下来了。42431.

didn’t

break

upboth

side

should

setasidehad

seized

(on)he

found

himself考点5：含蓄条件句有时，虚拟语气句中不出现if条件句，而是利用介词或介语短语、分词短语，不

定式或连词通过上下文表现出来。这时，须根据句子的含义来判定是用虚拟现在

式还是虚拟过去式。But

for

your

help,

I

would

have

failedthen.（指过去）Without

air,there

would

he

no

livingthings.（指现在）We

could

have

done

better

under

morefavorable

conditions.（指过去）4445In

that

case

we

could

have

done

thework

better.（指过去）This

same

thing,

happening

in

wartime,would

amount

to

disaster.（指现在）Born

in

better

times,

he

wouldhavebeen

a

scholar.（指过去）To

have

studied

harder,youwouldhave

passed

the

examination.（完成式指过去）464）连词but

,but

that,or或otherwiseHe

would

have

given

you

more

help,but

he

was

so

busy.（指过去）I

would

go

abroad

but

that

I

am

short

ofmoney.（指现在）She

eats

too

much

every

day,or

hewould

be

thinner.（指现在）I

was

busy,otherwise

I

wouldhavegiven

you

more

help.（指过去）47即时巩固阅读下列各小题，根据汉语句子，用括号内的英语单词完成句子。1.（2013·湖北稳派10月月考）

They

setoff

for

the

destination

too

late;otherwise

they

in

thestorm.（stuck） 他们出发去那个目的地太晚了，不然的话，就不会困在暴风雨中了。2.（2013·湖北部分中学联考Ⅰ）11.

But

foryoutimelyencourag